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<meta name="keywords" content="C1837148, disease or syndrome, myopia (disease) caused by mutation in sco2, myopia 6, myopia type 6, myopia, susceptibility to, myp6, sco2, sco2 myopia (disease), autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a refractive error of the eye. Light rays from a distant object are focused in front of the retina and those from a near object are focused in the retina; therefore distant objects are blurry and near objects are clear (summary by Kaiser et al., 2004).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of susceptibility to myopia, see 160700." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Myopia 6 (Concept Id: C1837148)
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<!--
UID=324696
ConceptID=C1837148
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Myopia 6<span class="h1sub">(MYP6)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324696</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1837148</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Myopia, susceptibility to; MYP6</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="SCO2 - ID: 9997 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/9997" class="medgenPMinfo">SCO2</a> (22q13.33)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012154" target="_blank">MONDO:0012154</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/608908" target="_blank">608908</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a refractive error of the eye. Light rays from a distant object are focused in front of the retina and those from a near object are focused in the retina; therefore distant objects are blurry and near objects are clear (summary by Kaiser et al., 2004).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of susceptibility to myopia, see 160700. [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9169"><div><strong>Congestive heart failure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9169</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018802</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9169">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congestive%20heart%20failure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209169%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_746019"><div><strong>Failure to thrive</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>746019</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2315100</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/746019">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Failure%20to%20thrive%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20746019%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_235586"><div><strong>Hearing impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>235586</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1384666</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/235586">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hearing%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20235586%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_849"><div><strong>Cerebellar ataxia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>849</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0007758</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/849">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20ataxia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20849%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_381392"><div><strong>Motor delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>381392</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854301</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/381392">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Motor%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20381392%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_811461"><div><strong>Intellectual disability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3714756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20811461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10133"><div><strong>Hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10133</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026827</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10133">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010133%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57735"><div><strong>Muscle weakness</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57735</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151786</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced strength of muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57735">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscle%20weakness%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057735%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_892680"><div><strong>Muscular atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>892680</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0541794</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/892680">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Muscular%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20892680%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_257837"><div><strong>Respiratory failure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>257837</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1145670</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/257837">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Respiratory%20failure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20257837%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65889"><div><strong>Reduced visual acuity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65889</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0234632</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diminished clarity of vision.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65889">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20visual%20acuity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065889%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78759"><div><strong>High myopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78759</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0271183</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A severe form of myopia with greater than -6.00 diopters.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78759">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22High%20myopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078759%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_320525"><div><strong>Increased axial length of the globe</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>320525</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1835117</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal largeness of the eye with an axial length &gt; 2.5 standard deviations from population mean.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/320525">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20axial%20length%20of%20the%20globe%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20320525%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871316"><div><strong>Abnormal fundus morphology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871316</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025804</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any structural abnormality of the fundus of the eye.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871316">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20fundus%20morphology%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871316%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9169" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congestive heart failure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871316" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal fundus morphology</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78759" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">High myopia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_320525" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased axial length of the globe</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65889" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced visual acuity</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10133" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57735" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscle weakness</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_892680" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Muscular atrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_849" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar ataxia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_811461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_381392" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Motor delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_257837" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Respiratory failure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_235586" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hearing impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_746019" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Failure to thrive</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38064668">FIVE-YEAR VISUAL OUTCOME OF TREATMENT FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN INFANTS WEIGHING &lt;500 G AT BIRTH: A Multicenter Cohort Study From J-CREST.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tomioka M,
Murakami T,
Okamoto F,
Kinoshita T,
Shinomiya K,
Nishi T,
Jujo T,
Obata S,
Tsukitome H,
Ogura S,
Ueda K,
Ishii R,
Oshika T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Retina</span>
2024 Apr 1;44(4):652-658.
doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38064668" target="_blank">38064668</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34035492">Primary retinopexy in preventing retinal detachment in a tertiary eye hospital: a study of 1157 eyes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Moussa G,
Samia-Aly E,
Ch'ng SW,
Lett KS,
Mitra A,
Tyagi AK,
Sharma A,
Andreatta W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
2022 May;36(5):1080-1085.
Epub 2021 May 25
doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01581-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34035492" target="_blank">34035492</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9046430" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30144442">Choice of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair Method in US Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Patients, 2003-2016.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Reeves MG,
Pershing S,
Afshar AR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Ophthalmol</span>
2018 Dec;196:82-90.
Epub 2018 Aug 23
doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.08.024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30144442" target="_blank">30144442</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22myopia%206%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39141497">Evaluation of risk factors for childhood myopia progression: A systematic review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen CW,
Yao JY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Ophthalmol</span>
2024 Nov 1;72(Suppl 5):S721-S727.
Epub 2024 Aug 14
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1909_23.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39141497" target="_blank">39141497</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11670848" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39082137">High myopia: Reviews of myopia control strategies and myopia complications.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shah R,
Vlasak N,
Evans BJW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmic Physiol Opt</span>
2024 Sep;44(6):1248-1260.
Epub 2024 Jul 31
doi: 10.1111/opo.13366.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39082137" target="_blank">39082137</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37126360">IMI-Management and Investigation of High Myopia in Infants and Young Children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flitcroft I,
Ainsworth J,
Chia A,
Cotter S,
Harb E,
Jin ZB,
Klaver CCW,
Moore AT,
Nischal KK,
Ohno-Matsui K,
Paysse EA,
Repka MX,
Smirnova IY,
Snead M,
Verhoeven VJM,
Verkicharla PK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</span>
2023 May 1;64(6):3.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.64.6.3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37126360" target="_blank">37126360</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10153576" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36768776">Long-Term Visual Prognosis of Patients Following Lens-Sparing Vitrectomy for Stage 4A Retinopathy of Prematurity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iwahashi C,
Kurihara T,
Kuniyoshi K,
Kusaka S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2023 Jan 26;24(3)
doi: 10.3390/ijms24032416.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36768776" target="_blank">36768776</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9916407" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27898441">Epidemiology of Myopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu PC,
Huang HM,
Yu HJ,
Fang PC,
Chen CT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)</span>
2016 Nov/Dec;5(6):386-393.
doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27898441" target="_blank">27898441</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (153)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38506760">Long-Term Follow-Up of Myopic Glaucoma: Progression Rates and Associated Factors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huh MG,
Shin YI,
Jeong Y,
Kim YK,
Park KH,
Jeoung JW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Glaucoma</span>
2024 Jun 1;33(6):409-416.
Epub 2024 Mar 4
doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002373.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38506760" target="_blank">38506760</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37019624">Prevalence and associated factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Russia: the Ural Children Eye Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bikbov MM,
Kazakbaeva GM,
Fakhretdinova AA,
Tuliakova AM,
Iakupova EM,
Panda-Jonas S,
Gilemzianova LI,
Garipova LA,
Khakimov DA,
Islamova LI,
Jonas JB</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Ophthalmol</span>
2024 Mar 20;108(4):593-598.
doi: 10.1136/bjo-2022-322945.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37019624" target="_blank">37019624</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37126360">IMI-Management and Investigation of High Myopia in Infants and Young Children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Flitcroft I,
Ainsworth J,
Chia A,
Cotter S,
Harb E,
Jin ZB,
Klaver CCW,
Moore AT,
Nischal KK,
Ohno-Matsui K,
Paysse EA,
Repka MX,
Smirnova IY,
Snead M,
Verhoeven VJM,
Verkicharla PK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</span>
2023 May 1;64(6):3.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.64.6.3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37126360" target="_blank">37126360</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10153576" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35188078">Prevalence and related factors of myopic retinopathy - a hospital-based cross-section study in Vietnam.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nguyen HTT,
Hoang TT,
Pham CM,
Nguyen TM,
Dang TM,
Fricke TR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Optom</span>
2023 May;106(4):427-430.
Epub 2022 Feb 20
doi: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2039555.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35188078" target="_blank">35188078</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23677315">Do findings on routine examination identify patients at risk for primary open-angle glaucoma? The rational clinical examination systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hollands H,
Johnson D,
Hollands S,
Simel DL,
Jinapriya D,
Sharma S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2013 May 15;309(19):2035-42.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.5099.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23677315" target="_blank">23677315</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (51)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39136629">Choroidal Changes During and After Discontinuing Long-Term 0.01% Atropine Treatment for Myopia Control.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee SS,
Lingham G,
Clark A,
Read SA,
Alonso-Caneiro D,
Mackey DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</span>
2024 Aug 1;65(10):21.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.10.21.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39136629" target="_blank">39136629</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11323994" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32271298">Duration of topical steroid application after photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pakbin M,
Khabazkhoob M,
Pakravan M,
Fotouhi A,
Jafarzadehpour E,
Aghamirsalim M,
Seyedian MA,
Hashemi H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cataract Refract Surg</span>
2020 Apr;46(4):622-632.
doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000060.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32271298" target="_blank">32271298</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27898441">Epidemiology of Myopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu PC,
Huang HM,
Yu HJ,
Fang PC,
Chen CT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)</span>
2016 Nov/Dec;5(6):386-393.
doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27898441" target="_blank">27898441</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24263467">Characterization of pneumatic retinopexy failures and the pneumatic pump: a new complication of pneumatic retinopexy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gorovoy IR,
Eller AW,
Friberg TR,
Coe R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Retina</span>
2014 Apr;34(4):700-4.
doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24263467" target="_blank">24263467</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8977782">Phototherapeutic keratectomy in recurrent corneal erosions refractory to other forms of treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bernauer W,
De Cock R,
Dart JK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eye (Lond)</span>
1996;10 ( Pt 5):561-4.
doi: 10.1038/eye.1996.130.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8977782" target="_blank">8977782</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (57)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39141497">Evaluation of risk factors for childhood myopia progression: A systematic review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen CW,
Yao JY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Ophthalmol</span>
2024 Nov 1;72(Suppl 5):S721-S727.
Epub 2024 Aug 14
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1909_23.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39141497" target="_blank">39141497</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11670848" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39136629">Choroidal Changes During and After Discontinuing Long-Term 0.01% Atropine Treatment for Myopia Control.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee SS,
Lingham G,
Clark A,
Read SA,
Alonso-Caneiro D,
Mackey DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</span>
2024 Aug 1;65(10):21.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.10.21.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39136629" target="_blank">39136629</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11323994" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38506760">Long-Term Follow-Up of Myopic Glaucoma: Progression Rates and Associated Factors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huh MG,
Shin YI,
Jeong Y,
Kim YK,
Park KH,
Jeoung JW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Glaucoma</span>
2024 Jun 1;33(6):409-416.
Epub 2024 Mar 4
doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002373.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38506760" target="_blank">38506760</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36768776">Long-Term Visual Prognosis of Patients Following Lens-Sparing Vitrectomy for Stage 4A Retinopathy of Prematurity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iwahashi C,
Kurihara T,
Kuniyoshi K,
Kusaka S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2023 Jan 26;24(3)
doi: 10.3390/ijms24032416.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36768776" target="_blank">36768776</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9916407" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27898441">Epidemiology of Myopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu PC,
Huang HM,
Yu HJ,
Fang PC,
Chen CT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)</span>
2016 Nov/Dec;5(6):386-393.
doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27898441" target="_blank">27898441</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (72)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38506760">Long-Term Follow-Up of Myopic Glaucoma: Progression Rates and Associated Factors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Huh MG,
Shin YI,
Jeong Y,
Kim YK,
Park KH,
Jeoung JW</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Glaucoma</span>
2024 Jun 1;33(6):409-416.
Epub 2024 Mar 4
doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002373.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38506760" target="_blank">38506760</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36768776">Long-Term Visual Prognosis of Patients Following Lens-Sparing Vitrectomy for Stage 4A Retinopathy of Prematurity.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iwahashi C,
Kurihara T,
Kuniyoshi K,
Kusaka S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Mol Sci</span>
2023 Jan 26;24(3)
doi: 10.3390/ijms24032416.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36768776" target="_blank">36768776</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9916407" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32271298">Duration of topical steroid application after photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pakbin M,
Khabazkhoob M,
Pakravan M,
Fotouhi A,
Jafarzadehpour E,
Aghamirsalim M,
Seyedian MA,
Hashemi H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cataract Refract Surg</span>
2020 Apr;46(4):622-632.
doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000060.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32271298" target="_blank">32271298</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27898441">Epidemiology of Myopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wu PC,
Huang HM,
Yu HJ,
Fang PC,
Chen CT</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)</span>
2016 Nov/Dec;5(6):386-393.
doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000236.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27898441" target="_blank">27898441</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23399866">Regulation of scleral metabolism in myopia and the role of transforming growth factor-beta.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McBrien NA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Exp Eye Res</span>
2013 Sep;114:128-40.
Epub 2013 Feb 8
doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.01.014.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23399866" target="_blank">23399866</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (60)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39141497">Evaluation of risk factors for childhood myopia progression: A systematic review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen CW,
Yao JY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Ophthalmol</span>
2024 Nov 1;72(Suppl 5):S721-S727.
Epub 2024 Aug 14
doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1909_23.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39141497" target="_blank">39141497</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11670848" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32271298">Duration of topical steroid application after photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pakbin M,
Khabazkhoob M,
Pakravan M,
Fotouhi A,
Jafarzadehpour E,
Aghamirsalim M,
Seyedian MA,
Hashemi H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Cataract Refract Surg</span>
2020 Apr;46(4):622-632.
doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000060.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32271298" target="_blank">32271298</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23677315">Do findings on routine examination identify patients at risk for primary open-angle glaucoma? The rational clinical examination systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hollands H,
Johnson D,
Hollands S,
Simel DL,
Jinapriya D,
Sharma S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2013 May 15;309(19):2035-42.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.5099.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23677315" target="_blank">23677315</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Myopia%206%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (25)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (27)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (2)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (32)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_119">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=608908" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Myopia%206" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_121">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22myopia%206%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=604272" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=9997[geneid]" target="_blank">View SCO2 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/283837836" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=608908" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Consumer_resources">Consumer resources</h1><a sid="116" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/Myopia+6/5063" target="_blank">Genetic Alliance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/myopia_6" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Myopia%206" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9937/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
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<h3>Reviews</h3>
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<li>
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Myopia%206" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed?term=Myopia%206%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
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<h3>Related information</h3>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837148[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related Medical Subject Headings</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related records in OMIM</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim_gene&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM(Genes)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">OMIM records containing genes associated with phenotypes registered in MedGen</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pmc?LinkName=medgen_pmc&amp;from_uid=324696" ref="log$=recordlinks">PMC Articles</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in PubMed Central Links</div>
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