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||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
|
||
<a href="/help/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F30346960%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F30346960%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 30346960 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 30346960"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="0244d871232ebdcc8a67edffcc38d6f6e252c8d90e10d35af9ed6320501a1022"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="30346960">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007714"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=4656&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=30346960&db=pubmed&nlmid=101239074"
|
||
title="See full text options at Public Library of Science"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Public Library of Science"
|
||
data-ga-label="30346960"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--journals.plos.org-resource-img-external-pgen_120x30.png" alt="Public Library of Science full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Public Library of Science
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/30346960/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=30346960&db=pubmed&nlmid=101239074"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="30346960"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/30346960/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/30346960/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="30346960" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F30346960%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="imgfcALJ6mEYM9ZOnBD8tC3WAXsF35Fiz90kPqe5GXrsGA5E0UgaXKzA81aRWGdC"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2018 Oct 22;14(10):e1007714.</span>
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Suppressor mutations reveal an NtrC-like response regulator, NmpR, for modulation of Type-IV Pili-dependent motility in Myxococcus xanthus
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Suppressor mutations reveal an NtrC-like response regulator, NmpR, for modulation of Type-IV Pili-dependent motility in Myxococcus xanthus
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Two-component signaling systems (TCS) regulate bacterial responses to environmental signals through the process of protein phosphorylation. Specifically, sensor histidine kinases (SK) recognize signals and propagate the response via phosphorylation of a cognate response regulator (RR) that functions to initiate transcription of specific genes. Signaling within a single TCS is remarkably specific and cross-talk between TCS is limited. However, regulation of the flow of information through complex signaling networks that include closely related TCS remains largely unknown. Additionally, many bacteria utilize multi-component signaling networks which provide additional genetic and biochemical interactions that must be regulated for signaling fidelity, input and output specificity, and phosphorylation kinetics. Here we describe the characterization of an NtrC-like RR that participates in regulation of Type-IV pilus-dependent motility of Myxococcus xanthus and is thus named NmpR, NtrC Modulator of Pili Regulator. A complex multi-component signaling system including NmpR was revealed by suppressor mutations that restored motility to cells lacking PilR, an evolutionarily conserved RR required for expression of pilA encoding the major Type-IV pilus monomer found in many bacterial species. The system contains at least four signaling proteins: a SK with a protoglobin sensor domain (NmpU), a hybrid SK (NmpS), a phospho-sink protein (NmpT), and an NtrC-like RR (NmpR). We demonstrate that ΔpilR bypass suppressor mutations affect regulation of the NmpRSTU multi-component system, such that NmpR activation is capable of restoring expression of pilA in the absence of PilR. Our findings indicate that pilus gene expression in M. xanthus is regulated by an extended network of TCS which interact to refine control of pilus function.
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data-image-width="708"
|
||
data-image-height="246"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 1"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g001">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-0"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/5de3c6bc5335/pgen.1007714.g001.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 1" />
|
||
</a>
|
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|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="708">
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<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="246">
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|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 1. Characterization of <i> M </i> . <i> xanthus… </i> </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
</div>
|
||
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|
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 1. Characterization of <i> M </i> . <i> xanthus </i> Δ <i> pilR </i> suppressor mutants. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> (A) Representative suppressor mutations were observed… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
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||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 1. Characterization of <i>M</i>. <i>xanthus</i> Δ<i>pilR</i> suppressor mutants.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">(A) Representative suppressor mutations were observed after prolong incubation (7–14 days) on 0.5% agar. (B) Nine suppressor mutants were characterized for T4P-dependent motility related-phenotypes including motility rate (mm/day), sedimentation in static cultures reported as the percentage of lost absorbance at OD<sub>600</sub> after 2 hours, and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production measured by the binding of Trypan blue to whole cells in solution and normalized to wild-type DZ2 which was set at 100%. All data represent the averages of at least 3 biological replicates. All suppressor mutant (C1-C9) measurements were significantly different (t-test, p<0.05) from wild-type DZ2 and Δ<i>pilR</i> with the exception of the EPS production of C6, C8, and C9 which were not different from that of the wild-type DZ2. Western blot analysis of total PilA from whole cell lysates was normalized to total protein determined by Bradford assay. All lysates were on the same blot, developed together, and can be directly compared to each other.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
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||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
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data-slide-index="1"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-2">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/e19372ba43d5/pgen.1007714.g002.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-1"
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||
role="button"
|
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data-image-width="761"
|
||
data-image-height="495"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 2"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g002">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-1"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/baf035480800/pgen.1007714.g002.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 2" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="761">
|
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<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="495">
|
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 2. Suppressor mutations identified in uncharacterized… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 2. Suppressor mutations identified in uncharacterized TCS signaling genes. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Suppressor strains were sequenced with… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 2. Suppressor mutations identified in uncharacterized TCS signaling genes.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Suppressor strains were sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform and compared to the annotated <i>M</i>. <i>xanthus</i> DK1622 genome [27]. (A) Genomic organization of the locus containing the RR gene <i>mxan_4240</i> (<i>nmpR</i>) (B) and SK gene <i>mxan_4246</i> (<i>nmpU</i>) (C). This locus also contains a gene encoding a protein with two RR receiver domains (<i>mxan_4245</i>, <i>nmpT</i>, RR-RR) and an atypical hybrid response regulator/sensor kinase (<i>mxan_4244</i>, <i>nmpS</i>, RR-SK). The results of the mutations are depicted (B and C): a missense mutation in <i>nmpR</i> (V87E) and premature stop codons (stop signs) or frameshifts (Δ-1) in <i>nmpU</i>. The location of the mutations within each protein is to scale. The positions of each domain of these proteins is also indicated by amino acid number (RR = response regulator receiver domain, Sigma54 activation = central ATPase that interacts with σ<sup>54</sup>, HTH_8 = DNA-binding helix-turn-helix, Protoglobin = putative heme binding sensor domain, HisKA = domain of histidine phosphorylation and SK dimerization, HK CA:9 = ATPase. All domain nomenclatures are based on the Mist 2.2 database [87] and Pfam (<ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://pfam.xfam.org/">http://pfam.xfam.org</ext-link>, [93]). The strain designation (C1-C9) is the same as in Table 1 and Fig 1.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="2"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-3">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/f05a4db2c6c0/pgen.1007714.g003.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-2"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="787"
|
||
data-image-height="662"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 3"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g003">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-2"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/a9d716de0367/pgen.1007714.g003.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 3" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="787">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="662">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 3. The NmpR V87E suppressor strain… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 3. The NmpR V87E suppressor strain has a gain-of-function mutation. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> (A) In-frame <i> nmpR </i> deletions… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 3. The NmpR V87E suppressor strain has a gain-of-function mutation.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">(A) In-frame <i>nmpR</i> deletions were constructed in the indicated strains and assayed for motility on 0.5% agar. All images depicted are after two days of motility. (B) Single copy complementation vectors were integrated at the Mx9 phage <i>attB</i> site and resulting strains assayed for motility. The p<sub>Nat</sub> = 585 bp upstream of <i>mxan_4236</i> (See Fig 2A) and p<sub>High</sub> = 623 bp upstream of <i>mxan_4894</i>, <i>groES</i> [43, 44] (See S1 Fig). D54A is an unphosphorylatable form of NmpR and D54E is a phosphomimetic.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="3"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-4">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/6189ac52f659/pgen.1007714.g004.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-3"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="787"
|
||
data-image-height="1119"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 4"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g004">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-3"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/40e37da7e601/pgen.1007714.g004.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 4" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="787">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1119">
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 4. Additional gain-of-function suppressor mutations identified… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 4. Additional gain-of-function suppressor mutations identified in <i> nmpR </i> . </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The <i> M </i> . <i> xanthus </i> Δ <i> pilR… </i> </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 4. Additional gain-of-function suppressor mutations identified in <i>nmpR</i>.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">The <i>M</i>. <i>xanthus</i> Δ<i>pilR</i> strain was transformed with p<sub>High</sub>-<i>nmpR</i>, and suppressor mutants with restored motility were isolated and subjected to targeted sequencing of the over-expression construct. The identified mutations are indicated in a linear depiction of the NmpR domains (A), in the primary amino acid sequence of NmpR (B and C), or unbiasedly modeled on the ribbon structure of NtrX of <i>Brucella abortus</i> [51] with α-helices H1-H5 indicated (D and E). In panels B and C, the <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> NtrC amino acid sequence is included for comparison and regions of interest in the protein sequence are indicated in red text and/or underlined including: the α-helix 4 of the RR receiver domain, the nearly 100% conserved RR amino acid pair of KP at 104/105, the variable Q-linker, the sensor II motif necessary for ATPase activity, and the low-homology linker between the sigma54 activation domain and helix-turn-helix. Mutations indicated with a * were identified in suppressor mutants resulting from the NmpU Q283Stop Δ<i>nmpR</i> strain (See text and Fig 5C). Finally, in panels D and E the same suppressor mutations of NmpR are indicated in red, the conserved aspartic acid that becomes phosphorylated in green, and the specificity residues [11] of NmpR in blue.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="4"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-5">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/908893a78b12/pgen.1007714.g005.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-4"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="787"
|
||
data-image-height="1122"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 5"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g005">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-4"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/192f6c4cecf2/pgen.1007714.g005.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 5" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="787">
|
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<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1122">
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 5. SK NmpU, RR-SK NmpS, and… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 5. SK NmpU, RR-SK NmpS, and RR NmpR are in a single signaling pathway. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 5. SK NmpU, RR-SK NmpS, and RR NmpR are in a single signaling pathway.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Epistasis analysis demonstrates these signaling proteins are in a shared pathway. Mutations in various strains were constructed as depicted and motility assayed as before. Note especially that deletion of <i>nmpR</i> or <i>nmpS</i> is epistatic to a deleted or non-functional <i>nmpU</i> (B and D); that suppressor mutations in <i>nmpR</i> arose in the NmpUQ283Stop Δ<i>nmpS</i> strain (B and Fig 4); and that deletion of <i>nmpU</i> is sufficient to restore motility in the Δ<i>pilR</i> parental strain (D). As before, over-expression of a phosphomimetic (D54E) NmpR is necessary to restore motility of a Δ<i>nmpR</i> strain (C). The motility image of the parental NmpRV87E strain (A) is a representative image reproduced from Fig 3A.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="5"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-6">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/49da24091963/pgen.1007714.g006.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-5"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="787"
|
||
data-image-height="1081"
|
||
data-image-alt="Fig 6"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC6211767"
|
||
data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g006">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-5"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/9346a50bde27/pgen.1007714.g006.gif"
|
||
alt="Fig 6" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="787">
|
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<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1081">
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 6. <i> In vitro </i> phosphotransfer in the… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 6. <i> In vitro </i> phosphotransfer in the NmpRSTU multi-component pathway. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> (A) The kinases NmpS and… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 6. <i>In vitro</i> phosphotransfer in the NmpRSTU multi-component pathway.
|
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</strong>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">(A) The kinases NmpS and NmpU autophosphorylate in the presence of ATP-γP<sup>32</sup> as seen by the accumulation of the radioactive phosphoryl group. NmpU specifically phosphorylates the first receiver domain of NmpT (RR1) and the receiver domain of NmpS (B and C). In contrast, NmpS only phosphorylates NmpR (D and E). Note the rapid kinetics of the phosphorylation of NmpR by NmpS (E). Also, the V87E amino acid change of NmpR does not affect the specificity of the phosphotransfer (C and E). The specificity residues [10, 11, 96] of the SK domains of NmpS and NmpU and the corresponding specificity residues of the receiver domains of NmpR, NmpS, and NmpT further supports the observed phosphotransfer patterns (F).</div>
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<p> Fig 7. The conserved aspartic acid of… </p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Fig 7. The conserved aspartic acid of the response regulator domain of NmpS is not… </p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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Fig 7. The conserved aspartic acid of the response regulator domain of NmpS is not necessary for kinase activity.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
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||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">(A) Full-length wild-type NmpS and a construct in which the conserved aspartic acid was substituted with an alanine (D59A) were used in an autokinase assay as in Fig 6. The aspartic acid residue was not necessary for activity, supporting the conclusion that the unphosphorylated form of NmpS is the active state. A Coomasie stained gel is included demonstrating the same amount of kinase was in each reaction. (B and C) <i>M</i>. <i>xanthus</i> wild-type or the Δ<i>pilR</i> strain were transformed with NmpS or NmpS D59A over-expression constructs and only the NmpS D59A construct was able to rescue motility of Δ<i>pilR</i>. This again is consistent with the <i>in vitro</i> kinase activity (A) that supports the conclusion that the unphosphorylated form of NmpS is active.</div>
|
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data-figure-id="pgen.1007714.g008">
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id="article-image-7"
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src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d13/6211767/e702e233e574/pgen.1007714.g008.gif"
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alt="Fig 8" />
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<strong class="figure-label">
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||
<p> Fig 8. NmpR binds specific promoters upstream… </p>
|
||
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 8. NmpR binds specific promoters upstream of its own putative operon and upstream of… </p>
|
||
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<strong class="figure-label">
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||
Fig 8. NmpR binds specific promoters upstream of its own putative operon and upstream of <i>pilR</i>.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">(A) NmpR binds to the promoter regions of <i>mxan_4236</i> (referred to elsewhere as p<sub>Nat</sub>—585 bp upstream of <i>mxan_4236</i>) (See also Fig 2A), but not to that of the <i>pilA</i> promoter (217 bp upstream of <i>pilA</i>) or p<i>groES</i> (referred to elsewhere as pHigh—623 bp upstream of <i>mxan_4894</i>, <i>groES</i>). (B) NmpR binds specifically to a probe encompassing 800 bp upstream of <i>pilR</i> that includes a putative σ<sup>54</sup> in the <i>pilS</i> open reading frame. The σ<sup>54</sup> in the p<i>pilA</i> known to be utilized by PilR in a wild-type genomic context is also indicated. (C) Finally, NmpR binds only to a region within <i>pilS</i> upstream of the putative σ<sup>54</sup> binding site. The sequence containing this NmpR-dependent promoter is necessary for the restored motility in the suppressor strains because deletion of <i>pilS</i> returned these strains to a non-motile phenotype (D and E). All shift assays depicted contained 200 fmol of DNA probe and increasing quantities of NmpR (0, 2, 8, 16, and 32 pmol, left to right). The exception is the p<i>groES</i> shift that includes the same quantities of NmpR but with a broader range (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32 pmol, left to right). All gene lengths and locations, as well as probe length and location are to scale.</div>
|
||
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 9. Model of the NmpRSTU multi-component… </p>
|
||
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig 9. Model of the NmpRSTU multi-component signaling pathway. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The presence of oxygen is sensed… </p></div>
|
||
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||
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||
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<figcaption id="figure-caption-8" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig 9. Model of the NmpRSTU multi-component signaling pathway.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">The presence of oxygen is sensed by the protoglobin domain of the SK NmpU. During high oxygen conditions, NmpU is “on”, autophosphorylating and subsequently phosphorylating the receiver domain of the hybrid RR-SK NmpS. We propose this would maintain NmpS in an “off” state. Additionally, the first receiver domain of NmpT serves as a phospho-sink for NmpU. When oxygen is limiting, perhaps in certain soil types/depths or during multi-cellular development, NmpU switches to an “off” state, leading to the loss of phosphorylation of NmpS and turning “on” the second branch of the pathway. NmpS phosphorylation of the RR NmpR under these conditions activates NmpR leading to modulation of the expression of <i>pilR</i>, which in turn regulates <i>pilA</i> expression influencing T4P-dependent motility.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<div id="publication-types" class="publication-types keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
Publication types
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-publication-types-0"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-publication-types-0"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+N.I.H.%2C+Extramural%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+N.I.H.%2C+Extramural%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural"[pt]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="pub_type"
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data-ga-label="Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural">
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Research+Support%2C+N.I.H.%2C+Extramural"
|
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural"[pt]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-publication-types-1"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-publication-types-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+U.S.+Gov%27t%2C+Non-P.H.S.%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+U.S.+Gov%27t%2C+Non-P.H.S.%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."[pt]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="pub_type"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-label="Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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data-search-term=""Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."[pt]"
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|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
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</div>
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="mesh-terms" class="mesh-terms keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
MeSH terms
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Bacterial Proteins / genetics"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Bacterial Proteins / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Bacterial Proteins/genetics"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Bacterial+Proteins"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Bacterial Proteins / genetics">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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data-search-term=""Bacterial Proteins/genetics"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Bacterial Proteins/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Fimbriae Proteins / genetics*"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-1"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Fimbriae Proteins / genetics*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Fimbriae Proteins / genetics*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Fimbriae+Proteins%2Fgenetics%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Fimbriae+Proteins%2Fgenetics%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Fimbriae Proteins/genetics"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Fimbriae Proteins / genetics*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fimbriae+Proteins"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Fimbriae Proteins / genetics*">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Fimbriae Proteins/genetics"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Fimbriae Proteins/genetics"[MAJR]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Fimbriae, Bacterial / metabolism*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Fimbriae, Bacterial / metabolism*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Fimbriae, Bacterial / metabolism*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Fimbriae%2C+Bacterial%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Fimbriae%2C+Bacterial%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Fimbriae, Bacterial / metabolism*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fimbriae%2C+Bacterial"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Fimbriae, Bacterial / metabolism*">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism"[MAJR]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Bacterial%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Bacterial%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Bacterial"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial"[MeSH]"
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Histidine Kinase / genetics"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Histidine Kinase / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Histidine Kinase / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Histidine+Kinase%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Histidine+Kinase%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Histidine Kinase/genetics"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Histidine Kinase / genetics">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Histidine+Kinase"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Histidine Kinase / genetics">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Histidine Kinase/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Histidine Kinase/genetics"[MeSH]"
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Myxococcus xanthus / genetics"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Myxococcus xanthus / genetics
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Myxococcus xanthus / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Myxococcus+xanthus%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Myxococcus+xanthus%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Myxococcus xanthus/genetics"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Myxococcus xanthus / genetics">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Myxococcus+xanthus"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Myxococcus xanthus / genetics">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Myxococcus xanthus/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Myxococcus xanthus/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Phosphorylation"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Phosphorylation
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Phosphorylation"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Phosphorylation%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Phosphorylation%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Phosphorylation"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Phosphorylation">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Phosphorylation"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Phosphorylation"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Signal Transduction
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Signal+Transduction%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Signal+Transduction%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Signal Transduction"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Signal Transduction">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Signal+Transduction"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Signal Transduction">
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Search in MeSH
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Histidine Kinase
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