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|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard">
|
||
Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
|
||
<a href="/help/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F24008845%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F24008845%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 24008845 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 24008845"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="0d7754ce980a4a14aaee0d6243e96be18289f315fa22ac3112a53a22f88f3d00"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="24008845">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2013.132"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3094&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=24008845&db=pubmed&nlmid=100963049"
|
||
title="See full text options at Nature Publishing Group"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Nature Publishing Group"
|
||
data-ga-label="24008845"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.embopress.org-pb-assets-embo-site-images-pubmed-embor_free.gif" alt="Nature Publishing Group full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Nature Publishing Group
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/24008845/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=24008845&db=pubmed&nlmid=100963049"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="24008845"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/24008845/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/24008845/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="24008845" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F24008845%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="sUTlnSKkBq5LAGcAlmFhNypdFBED7O4mhsTy1igCgsKxVKQGcJ5eZwUpc5JZe2Au"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
|
||
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Cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP activate the NLRP3 inflammasome
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<h1 class="heading-title">
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Cyclic-di-GMP and cyclic-di-AMP activate the NLRP3 inflammasome
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<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Ali A Abdul-Sater</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span>
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The cyclic dinucleotides 3'-5'diadenylate (c-diAMP) and 3'-5' diguanylate (c-diGMP) are important bacterial second messengers that have recently been shown to stimulate the secretion of type I Interferons (IFN-Is) through the c-diGMP-binding protein MPYS/STING. Here, we show that physiologically relevant levels of cyclic dinucleotides also stimulate a robust secretion of IL-1β through the NLRP3 inflammasome. Intriguingly, this response is independent of MPYS/STING. Consistent with most NLRP3 inflammasome activators, the response to c-diGMP is dependent on the mobilization of potassium and calcium ions. However, in contrast to other NLRP3 inflammasome activators, this response is not associated with significant changes in mitochondrial potential or the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Thus, cyclic dinucleotides activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through a unique pathway that could have evolved to detect pervasive bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns associated with intracellular infections.
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<div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest">
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<h2 class="title">
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Conflict of interest statement
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</h2>
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<div class="statement">
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<p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.</p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Figure 1 </p>
|
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</strong>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cyclic dinucleotides activate the inflammasome… </p></div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Figure 1 </p>
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</strong>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cyclic dinucleotides activate the inflammasome in THP-1 cells and murine BMMs. ( <b> A… </b> </p></div>
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Figure 1
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</strong>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Cyclic dinucleotides activate the inflammasome in THP-1 cells and murine BMMs. (<b>A</b>) PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells (left panel) were treated with ATP (5 mM; 6 h) or transfected (Lipofectamine 2000; lpftm) with c-diGMP (cdG; 5 nmol; 6 h) or poly(dA:dT) (dA:dT; 5 μg/ml; 6 h). LPS-primed BMMs (right panel) were treated with ATP (5 mM; 6 h) or transfected (X-tremegene HP; Xtrm) with c-diGMP (10 nmol; 6 h), c-diAMP (10 nmol; 6 h), cGMP (10 nmol; 6 h) or GTP (10 nmol; 6 h). Supernatants were immunoblotted for immature IL-1β (pro-IL1β), active IL-1β (p17), immature caspase-1 (pro-Cas1) or active caspase-1 (Cas1, p20 and p10, respectively). (<b>B</b>) IL-1β levels were measured by ELISA (BD Biosciences) in 6 h supernatants of LPS-primed BMMs after the indicated treatment with c-diGMP or c-diAMP, as in <b>A</b>. (<b>C</b>) IL-1β levels were measured by ELISA in BMMs infected with IPTG-induced <i>L. pneumophila</i> strains (MOI 10; 6 h), ectopically expressing cdgS3, cdgS3B or cdgS4 [35]. Graphs present means±standard error from three independent experiments. BMMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; c-diAMP, 3′-5′ diadenylate; c-diGMP, 3′-5′ diguanylate; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; MOI, multiplicity of infection.</div>
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<p> Figure 2 </p>
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||
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cation mobilization during c-diGMP NLRP3… </p></div>
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<p> Figure 2 </p>
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</strong>
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Cation mobilization during c-diGMP NLRP3 inflammasome activation.( <b> A </b> ) IL-1β levels were measured… </p></div>
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Figure 2
|
||
</strong>
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Cation mobilization during c-diGMP NLRP3 inflammasome activation.(<b>A</b>) IL-1β levels were measured by ELISA in LPS-primed BMMs treated with KCl (130 mM), Glibenclamide (Gli; 50 μM), 2-APB (100 μM) or U73122 (10 μM) 30 min before stimulation with ATP (5 mM; 30 min), MSU (100 μg/ml; 4 h) and silica (500 μg/ml, 6 h); or transfection with c-diGMP (10 nmol; 6 h), c-diAMP (10 nmol; 6 h) and poly(dA:dT) (5 μg/ml; 6 h); or infected with <i>S. typhimurium</i> (MOI 25; 6 h). (<b>B</b>) IFN-β expression was evaluated by Q–PCR in LPS-primed BMMs treated as in panel A. Results were normalized to GAPDH and reported as relative fold change. Graphs present means±standard error from three independent experiments. BMMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; c-diAMP, 3′-5′ diadenylate; c-diGMP, 3′-5′ diguanylate; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IFN-β, interferon beta; MOI, multiplicity of infection; Q–PCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</div>
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<p> Figure 3 </p>
|
||
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||
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is dependent… </p></div>
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|
||
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|
||
|
||
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||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is dependent on NLRP3. ( <b> A </b> ) Secreted IL-1β and… </p></div>
|
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Figure 3
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is dependent on NLRP3. (<b>A</b>) Secreted IL-1β and Cas1 levels were evaluated by immunoblotting in LPS-primed WT, NLRP3<sup>−/−</sup>, NLRC4<sup>−/−</sup> or ASC<sup>−/−</sup> BMMs, as in Fig 1. (<b>B</b>) IFN-β and GAPDH expression were evaluated by PCR, in BMMs treated as in panel A. (<b>C</b>) Secreted IL-1β and caspase-1 levels were evaluated in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells stably expressing control shRNA (shCtrl), shNLRP3, shASC or the re-expression of a knockdown resistant ASC cDNA (shASC<sup>mut</sup>), as above. Data are representative of more than three independent experiments. ASC, apoptosis speck-like protein with CARD; BMMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; Cas1, caspase-1; c-diGMP, 3′-5′ diguanylate; IFN-β, interferon beta; IL-1β, interleukin 1 beta; GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; shctrl, control short hairpin RNA; WT, wild type.</div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is independent… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is independent of MPYS/STING. ( <b> A </b> ) Secreted IL-1β and… </p></div>
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Figure 4
|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">c-diGMP-stimulated inflammasome activation is independent of MPYS/STING. (<b>A</b>) Secreted IL-1β and Cas1 were evaluated in LPS-primed WT* or MPYS/STING[−/−] BMMs, as in Fig 1. <i>*(</i>Note, the WT data (right panel) is a replicate of WT data presented in Fig 3A.) (<b>B</b>) IFN-β expression was evaluated by Q–PCR in WT or MPYS/STING[−/−] BMMs 6 h after transfection with c-diGMP (cdG; 10 nmol), poly(I:C) (I:C; 1 μg/ml) or poly(dA:dT) (dA:dT; 1 μg/ml) as in Fig 2. Results are reported as relative log fold change with respect to untreated controls and graphed as means±standard error from three independent experiments. (<b>C</b>) Peritoneal leukocytes were enumerated by FACS (see supplementary Fig S5A,B online) 15 hrs after IP injection of PBS or c-diGMP (cdG; 160 nmols). The scatter plot represents data from two independent experiments (<i>n</i>=6 mice for c-di-GMP and <i>n</i>=4 mice for PBS treatment). Statistical significance was evaluated by student’s <i>t</i>-test (Graphpad). BMMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; Cas1, caspase-1; c-diGMP, 3′-5′ diguanylate; FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting; IP, intraperitoneal; IFN-β, interferon beta; IL-1β, interleukin 1 beta; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; WT, wild type.</div>
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Strowig T, Henao-Mejia J, Elinav E, Flavell R (2012) Inflammasomes in health and disease. Nature 481: 278–286
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data-href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Inbred+C57BL%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Mice, Inbred C57BL"[MeSH]"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice%2C+Inbred+C57BL"
|
||
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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|
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NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-18"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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|
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data-href="/?term=%22NLR+Family%2C+Pyrin+Domain-Containing+3+Protein%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Potassium / metabolism"
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Potassium / metabolism
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-19"
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Potassium / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Potassium%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Potassium%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-href="/?term=%22Reactive+Oxygen+Species%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
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</div>
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
Substances
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
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<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Carrier Proteins"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-expanded="false"
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|
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Carrier Proteins
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Carrier Proteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Carrier+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Carrier+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Carrier Proteins"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
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data-search-term=""Carrier Proteins"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-label=""Carrier Proteins"[nm]"
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|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Dinucleoside Phosphates"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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|
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Dinucleoside Phosphates
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Dinucleoside Phosphates"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Dinucleoside+Phosphates%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Dinucleoside+Phosphates%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Dinucleoside Phosphates"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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data-search-term=""Dinucleoside Phosphates"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Inflammasomes"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Inflammasomes
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Inflammasomes"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Inflammasomes%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Inflammasomes%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Inflammasomes"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
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data-search-term=""Inflammasomes"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Inflammasomes"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-1beta"
|
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-3"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Interleukin-1beta
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-3"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-1beta"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Interleukin-1beta%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Interleukin-1beta%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Interleukin-1beta"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Interleukin-1beta"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-label=""Interleukin-1beta"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Membrane Proteins"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Membrane Proteins
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-4"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Membrane Proteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Membrane+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Membrane+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Membrane Proteins"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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|
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data-search-term=""Membrane Proteins"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Membrane Proteins"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein"
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tabindex="0"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-5"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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|
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword NLRP3 protein, human"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-6"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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NLRP3 protein, human
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-6"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword NLRP3 protein, human"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22NLRP3+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22NLRP3+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-ga-label="NLRP3 protein, human">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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|
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Search in MeSH
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Nlrp3 protein, mouse"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-7"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Nlrp3 protein, mouse
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-7"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Nlrp3 protein, mouse"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Nlrp3+protein%2C+mouse%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Nlrp3+protein%2C+mouse%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Reactive Oxygen Species"
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tabindex="0"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-8"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Reactive Oxygen Species"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Reactive+Oxygen+Species%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Reactive Oxygen Species"[nm]"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword STING1 protein, human"
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STING1 protein, human
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-9"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword STING1 protein, human"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword cyclic diadenosine phosphate"
|
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tabindex="0"
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|
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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cyclic diadenosine phosphate
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-10"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword cyclic diadenosine phosphate"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22cyclic+diadenosine+phosphate%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22cyclic+diadenosine+phosphate%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="cyclic diadenosine phosphate"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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data-search-term=""cyclic diadenosine phosphate"[nm]"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""cyclic diadenosine phosphate"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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|
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-11"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22bis%283%27%2C5%27%29-cyclic+diguanylic+acid%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22bis%283%27%2C5%27%29-cyclic+diguanylic+acid%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid"[nm]"
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cyclic GMP"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Cyclic GMP
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-12"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cyclic GMP"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Cyclic+GMP%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Cyclic+GMP%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Cyclic GMP"[nm]"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Cyclic GMP"[nm]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Cyclic GMP"[nm]"
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Potassium"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-13"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Potassium
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-13"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Potassium"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Potassium%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Potassium%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Potassium"[nm]"
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data-ga-label="Potassium">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-ga-label="Potassium">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Potassium"[nm]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Potassium"[nm]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Calcium"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-14"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Calcium
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-14"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Calcium"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Calcium%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Calcium%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Calcium"[nm]"
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data-ga-label="Calcium">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Calcium%22"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-label="Calcium">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Calcium"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Calcium"[nm]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="related-links" class="related-links">
|
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<h2 class="title">
|
||
Related information
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="related-links-list"><li><a title="Related information in MedGen" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?linkname=pubmed_medgen&from_uid=24008845"
|
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ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=24008845&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1">
|
||
MedGen
|
||
</a></li><li><a title="Related PubChem Compound via MeSH" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pccompound?linkname=pubmed_pccompound_mesh&from_uid=24008845"
|
||
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=24008845&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2">
|
||
PubChem Compound (MeSH Keyword)
|
||
</a></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="grants" class="grants">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
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Grants and funding
|
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</h2>
|
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<div class="grants-list"><ul id="grants-head-list"><li class="grant-item"><a
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title="All articles for grant AI096088/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States"
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AI096088/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
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</a></li><li class="grant-item"><a
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title="All articles for grant T32AI074491/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States"
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T32AI074491/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
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</a></li><li class="grant-item"><a
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title="All articles for grant K01 DK092355/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States"
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K01 DK092355/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
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</a></li><li class="grant-item"><a
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title="All articles for grant R01 AR061491/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States"
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R01 AR061491/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
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</a></li><li class="grant-item"><a
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title="All articles for grant R01 AI062739/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States"
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href="/?term=R01+AI062739%2FAI%2FNIAID+NIH+HHS%2FUnited+States%5BGrants+and+Funding%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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