nih-gov/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/index.html

5039 lines
No EOL
187 KiB
HTML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" >
<head itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" >
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<!-- Mobile properties -->
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True">
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.ba8099dd2df4.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.452c70ce66f7.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.7bf600913d6e.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.0bfa59184c7a.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.b576742ffc3e.css" type="text/css">
<title>Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis - PubMed</title>
<link rel="preload" as="font" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/uswds/dist/fonts/merriweather-bold-webfont.woff2" type="font/woff2" crossorigin />
<!-- Favicons -->
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.ico" />
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.png" />
<!-- 192x192, as recommended for Android
http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android
-->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-192.png" />
<!-- 57x57 (precomposed) for iPhone 3GS, pre-2011 iPod Touch and older Android devices -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png">
<!-- 72x72 (precomposed) for 1st generation iPad, iPad 2 and iPad mini -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-72.png">
<!-- 114x114 (precomposed) for iPhone 4, 4S, 5 and post-2011 iPod Touch -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-114.png">
<!-- 144x144 (precomposed) for iPad 3rd and 4th generation -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-144.png">
<!-- For Pinger + Google Optimize integration (NS-820) -->
<meta name="ncbi_sg_optimize_id" content="">
<!-- Mobile browser address bar color -->
<meta name="theme-color" content="#20558a">
<!-- Preserve the Referrer when going from HTTPS to HTTP -->
<meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin">
<meta name="ncbi_pinger_gtm_track" content="true"/>
<!-- Logging params: Pinger defaults -->
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="pubmed" />
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="pubmed" />
<meta name="ncbi_phid" content="12D00001CB8B48B500003233470545E7.1.m_6" />
<meta name="ncbi_pinger_stat_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/stat" />
<meta name="log_category" content="literature" />
<meta name="ncbi_cost_center" content="pubmed" />
<!-- Logging params: Pinger custom -->
<meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="abstract" />
<meta name="log_op" content="retrieve" />
<meta name="uid" content="19273596" />
<meta name="ncbi_uid" content="19273596" />
<meta name="log_displayeduids" content="19273596" />
<meta name="log_source_db" content="pubmed,pmc" />
<meta name="log_icons_present" content="true" />
<meta name="ncbi_search_id" content="MPg6ikDYIgf6NfZTuk52kQ:b32f397ab7ccd4d90015b7d7fb38629e" />
<meta name="ncbi_adj_nav_search_id" content="1uj2t24dibgNTXxu2mWYag:53abdd21266b8d3a9685dd2205f1ee08" />
<!-- Social meta tags for unfurling urls -->
<meta name="description" content="Zbtb20 is a member of the POK family of proteins, which function primarily as transcriptional repressors via interactions mediated by their conserved C(2)H(2) Krüppel type zinc finger and BTB/POZ domains. To define the function of Zbtb20 in vivo, we generated knockout mice by homologous recombinatio …"><meta name="keywords" content="pmid:19273596, PMC2682054, doi:10.1128/MCB.01667-08, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t, Andrew P R Sutherland, Hai Zhang, Weiping J Zhang, Animals, Blood Glucose / metabolism, Gene Expression Profiling, Glucose / metabolism*, Homeostasis*, Humans, Liver / metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Transcription Factors / genetics, Transcription Factors / metabolism*, Zinc Fingers*, PubMed Abstract, NIH, NLM, NCBI, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE"><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive"><meta property="og:title" content="Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis - PubMed"><meta property="og:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"><meta property="og:description" content="Zbtb20 is a member of the POK family of proteins, which function primarily as transcriptional repressors via interactions mediated by their conserved C(2)H(2) Krüppel type zinc finger and BTB/POZ domains. To define the function of Zbtb20 in vivo, we generated knockout mice by homologous recombinatio …"><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:site_name" content="PubMed"><meta name="twitter:domain" content="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:title" content="Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis - PubMed"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Zbtb20 is a member of the POK family of proteins, which function primarily as transcriptional repressors via interactions mediated by their conserved C(2)H(2) Krüppel type zinc finger and BTB/POZ domains. To define the function of Zbtb20 in vivo, we generated knockout mice by homologous recombinatio …"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg">
<!-- OpenSearch XML -->
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/opensearch.xml" title="PubMed search">
<!-- Disables severely broken elements when no JS -->
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/no-script.css">
</noscript>
<meta name="citation_title" content="Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis">
<meta name="citation_authors" content="Sutherland AP;Zhang H;Zhang Y;Michaud M;Xie Z;Patti ME;Grusby MJ;Zhang WJ;">
<meta name="citation_date" content="2009 May">
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="Mol Cell Biol">
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Molecular and cellular biology">
<meta name="citation_pmid" content="19273596">
<meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/">
<meta name="citation_volume" content="29">
<meta name="citation_issue" content="10">
<meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1128/MCB.01667-08">
<meta name="citation_issn" content="1098-5549">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/" />
</head>
<body >
<noscript>
<div class="no-script-banner" id="no-script-banner">
<div class="warning-message">
<div class="warning-message-text">
This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features!
</div>
</div>
</div>
</noscript>
<div class="no-session-banner" id="no-session-banner" hidden>
<div class="warning-message">
<div class="warning-message-text">
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable.
</div>
<button class="close-banner-button"
title="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner"
ref="linksrc=close_no_session_banner"
aria-controls="no-session-banner"
aria-label="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner"
aria-expanded="true">
</button>
</div>
</div>
<a class="usa-skipnav" href="#article-details">
Skip to main page content
</a>
<!-- ========== BEGIN HEADER ========== -->
<section class="usa-banner">
<div class="usa-accordion">
<header class="usa-banner-header">
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
<button
class="usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="gov-banner-top"
>
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
</button>
</div>
</header>
<div
class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content"
id="gov-banner-top"
>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
<img
class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img"
src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg"
alt="Dot gov"
/>
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The .gov means its official.</strong>
<br />
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal
government site.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
<img
class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img"
src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg"
alt="Https"
/>
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
<br />
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
<div class="usa-grid">
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none"
aria-controls="account_popup">
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu"><span class="fa fa-times"></span><span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4>Account</h4>
</div>
<div class="account-user-info">
Logged in as:<br/>
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
</div>
<div class="account-links">
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
</div>
<section data-section="Alerts">
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
</section>
<!-- ========== END HEADER ========== -->
<a id="maincontent" aria-label="Main page content below" role="navigation"></a>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<form action="/" method="get" autocomplete="off" class="usa-search usa-search-big search-form content-page-layout" id="search-form" role="search">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<a class="pubmed-logo"
aria-label="Pubmed Logo"
href="/"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="pubmed_logo">
<img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg" alt="pubmed logo" />
</a>
<a href="#" class="search-input-trigger" data-alt-title="Hide search bar" title="Show search bar" aria-label="Show search bar">
</a>
<div role="search" class="search-input">
<div class="form-field ">
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="id_term">
Search:
</label>
<input
type="search"
name="term"
data-skip-ie-scroll-to-top=""
data-replace-term-with-exact=""
data-exact-query=""
placeholder=""
class="term-input"
required="required"
id="id_term"/><a href="#" class="clear-btn" aria-label="Clear search input" title="Clear search input" role="button" data-pinger-ignore></a><button type="submit" class="search-btn" aria-label="Search" disabled data-pinger-ignore><span class="usa-search-submit-text">Search</span></button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Create alert and Create RSS are buttons that look like links -->
<!-- Better for them to look like buttons but no space -->
<div class="search-links-wrapper content-page-layout">
<div class="search-links">
<a href="/advanced/"
class="search-input-link adv-search-link"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="adv_search">Advanced</a>
<a href="/clipboard/"
class="search-input-link clipboard-link hidden"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="clipboard">
Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span>
</a>
</div>
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
<a href="/help/"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="user_guide">
User Guide
</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<div id="article-page-header">
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<div class="actions-container">
<div class="return-to-search">
</div>
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
type="button"
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="open">
Save
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
type="button"
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="open">
Email
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
type="button"
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
aria-label="Send to"
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
href="#"
role="button"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="clipboard"
data-ga-label="send">
Clipboard
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
<button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Display options
</div>
<div class="content">
<div class="format-container">
<span class="option-label">
Format
</span>
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Save citation to file
</h2>
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/results-export-ids/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
method="post"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
Format:
</label>
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Saving..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="save">
Create file
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="email-action-panel"
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Email citation
</h2>
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/send-email/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post"
method="post"
>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<span class="action-panel-label">
Subject:
</span>
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 19273596 - PubMed</span>
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 19273596"/>
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="8ea9b450d685738f1d1f63a9058cb1628872412cb31f16bfb7b6470377313707"/>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
To:
</label>
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
From:
</label>
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
Format:
</label>
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
</div>
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
</div>
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Sending..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="send">
Send email
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="collections-action-panel"
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
Add to Collections
</h3>
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
<ul class="radio-group-items">
<li>
<input type="radio"
id="collections-action-panel-new"
class="collections-new"
name="collections"
value="new"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
</li>
<li>
<input type="radio"
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
class="collections-existing"
name="collections"
value="existing"
checked="true"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="controls-wrapper">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name your collection:
</label>
<input
type="text"
name="add-to-new-collection"
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/"
maxlength="100"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="create_collection"
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Name must be less than 100 characters
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
Choose a collection:
</label>
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="select_collection"
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
</select>
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="add">
Add
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
Add to My Bibliography
</h3>
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
<div class="choice-group">
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
<li>
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore>
Add
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="mybib"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Your saved search
</h2>
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
Name of saved search:
</label>
<input maxlength="200"
type="text"
name="saved-search-name"
id="saved-search-name"
class="saved-search-name"
value=""
required
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/">
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Search terms:
</label>
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
</div>
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
</div>
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
Would you like email updates of new search results?
</span>
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
<ul class="radio-group-items">
<li>
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
</li>
<li>
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
</li>
</ul>
</fieldset>
</div>
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label class="action-panel-label">
Email:
</label>
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
Frequency:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
Which day?
</label>
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
<option value="day">The first day</option>
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
Which day?
</label>
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
Report format:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
Send at most:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
<option value="1">1 item</option>
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
<option value="10">10 items</option>
<option value="20">20 items</option>
<option value="50">50 items</option>
<option value="100">100 items</option>
<option value="200">200 items</option>
</select>
</div>
<div>
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
Send even when there aren't any new results
</label>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
Optional text in email:
</label>
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
id="saved-search-email-text"
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Saving..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="save">
Save
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Create a file for external citation management software
</h2>
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/results-export-ids/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
method="post"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Sending..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
data-ga-label="save">
Create file
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Your RSS Feed
</h2>
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
data-search-form-term-value="">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name of RSS Feed:
</label>
<input maxlength="200"
placeholder="Name"
type="text"
name="rss-name"
id="rss-name"
class="rss-name"
value=''
required
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/">
</div>
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
Number of items displayed:
</label>
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
<option value="5">5</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="50">50</option>
<option value="100">100</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Creating..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="save">
Create RSS
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
<button
type="button"
disabled
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="rss"
data-ga-label="copy">
Copy
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="19273596">
<aside class="page-sidebar">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<div class="full-text-links">
<div class="full-view">
<h3 class="title">
Full text links
</h3>
<div class="full-text-links-list">
<a class="link-item
dialog-focus"
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1128/MCB.01667-08?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&amp;rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&amp;is_pmc=False&amp;PrId=4487&amp;itool=Abstract-def&amp;log$=linkouticon&amp;uid=19273596&amp;db=pubmed&amp;nlmid=8109087"
title="See full text options at Atypon"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="Atypon"
data-ga-label="19273596"
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.tandfonline.com-pb-assets-tandf-logos-tf_pubmed_fulltext_icon.png" alt="Atypon full text link"><span class="text">
Atypon
</span></a><a class="link-item
pmc
"
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/19273596/"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&amp;is_pmc=True&amp;PrId=3494&amp;itool=Abstract-def&amp;log$=linkouticon&amp;uid=19273596&amp;db=pubmed&amp;nlmid=8109087"
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="PMC"
data-ga-label="19273596"
><span class="text">
Free PMC article
</span></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="short-view">
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
Full text links
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="open"
data-all-citations-url="/19273596/citations/"
data-citation-style="nlm"
data-pubmed-format-link="/19273596/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="19273596" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_button"
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
class="dialog collections-dialog"
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
class="collections-new"
name="collections"
value="new"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
class="collections-existing"
name="collections"
value="existing"
checked="true"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name your collection:
</label><input
type="text"
name="add-to-new-collection"
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/"
maxlength="100"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="create_collection"
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Name must be less than 100 characters
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
Choose a collection:
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="select_collection"
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="add">
Add
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
Display options
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
Format
</span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<div class="social-sharing">
<h3 class="title">
Share
</h3>
<ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list">
<li>
<a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Zinc%20finger%20protein%20Zbtb20%20is%20essential%20for%20postnatal%20survival%20and%20glucose%20homeostasis%20https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"
class="share-link share-link-twitter"
rel="noreferrer noopener"
target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup"
title="Share article on Twitter"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="social"
data-ga-label="twitter"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"
class="share-link share-link-facebook"
rel="noreferrer noopener"
target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup"
title="Share article on Facebook"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="social"
data-ga-label="fb"></a>
</li>
<li>
<div class="share-permalink">
<button class="trigger"
title="Show article permalink"
ref="linksrc=show_permalink_btn">
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Permalink
</div>
<div class="content">
<input type="text"
class="permalink-text"
value="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"
aria-label="Article permalink"/><button class="permalink-copy-button usa-button-primary"
title="Copy article permalink"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="link"
data-ga-label="copy_link"><span class="button-title">Copy</span></button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<nav class="page-navigator" role="navigation" aria-label="Page navigation">
<div class="full-view">
<h3 class="title">
Page navigation
</h3>
<ul class="items-list">
<li class="heading ">
<a href="#heading"
aria-label="navigate to Title &amp; authors section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="heading">
Title &amp; authors
</a>
</li>
<li class="abstract ">
<a href="#abstract"
aria-label="navigate to Abstract section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="abstract">
Abstract
</a>
</li>
<li class="figures ">
<a href="#figures"
aria-label="navigate to Figures section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="figures">
Figures
</a>
</li>
<li class="similar ">
<a href="#similar"
aria-label="navigate to Similar articles section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="similar">
Similar articles
</a>
</li>
<li class="citedby ">
<a href="#citedby"
aria-label="navigate to Cited by section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="citedby">
Cited by
</a>
</li>
<li class="references ">
<a href="#references"
aria-label="navigate to References section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="references">
References
</a>
</li>
<li class="publication-types ">
<a href="#publication-types"
aria-label="navigate to Publication types section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="publication-types">
Publication types
</a>
</li>
<li class="mesh-terms ">
<a href="#mesh-terms"
aria-label="navigate to MeSH terms section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="mesh-terms">
MeSH terms
</a>
</li>
<li class="substances ">
<a href="#substances"
aria-label="navigate to Substances section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="substances">
Substances
</a>
</li>
<li class="related-links ">
<a href="#related-links"
aria-label="navigate to Related information section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="related-links">
Related information
</a>
</li>
<li class="linkout ">
<a href="#linkout"
aria-label="navigate to LinkOut - more resources section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="linkout">
LinkOut - more resources
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<select class="short-view" autocomplete="off" title="navigate to selected section" aria-label="Navigate to page section">
<option value="heading">Title &amp; authors</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="figures">Figures</option>
<option value="similar">Similar articles</option>
<option value="citedby">Cited by</option>
<option value="references">References</option>
<option value="publication-types">Publication types</option>
<option value="mesh-terms">MeSH terms</option>
<option value="substances">Substances</option>
<option value="related-links">Related information</option>
<option value="linkout">LinkOut - more resources</option>
</select>
</nav>
</div>
</aside>
<main class="article-details" id="article-details">
<!-- "Filters applied" shows only when page is redirected from search -->
<!-- because search found one result -->
<header class="heading" id="heading">
<div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading">
<div class="article-citation">
<div class="article-source">
<div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger"
class="journal-actions-trigger trigger"
ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn"
title="Molecular and cellular biology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="full-view-journal"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Molecular and cellular biology"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mol Cell Biol
</button><div id="full-view-journal"
class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Molecular and cellular biology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&amp;journal_abbrev=Mol Cell Biol"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="Mol Cell Biol">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D"
data-ga-category="search_catalog"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="Mol Cell Biol">
Search in NLM Catalog
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term='"Mol Cell Biol"[jour]'
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label='"Mol Cell Biol"[jour]'
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2009 May;29(10):2804-15.</span>
</div>
<span class="citation-doi">
doi: 10.1128/MCB.01667-08.
</span>
<span class="secondary-date">
Epub 2009 Mar 9.
</span>
</div>
<h1 class="heading-title">
Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis
</h1>
<div class="inline-authors">
<div class="authors">
<div class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Sutherland+AP&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Andrew P R Sutherland">Andrew P R Sutherland</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator">&nbsp;</span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff">
1
</a></sup><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+H&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Hai Zhang">Hai Zhang</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+Y&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Ye Zhang">Ye Zhang</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Michaud+M&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Monia Michaud">Monia Michaud</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Xie+Z&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Zhifang Xie">Zhifang Xie</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Patti+ME&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Mary-Elizabeth Patti">Mary-Elizabeth Patti</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Grusby+MJ&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Michael J Grusby">Michael J Grusby</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+WJ&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Weiping J Zhang">Weiping J Zhang</a></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="short-article-details">
Affiliations
<button
class="more-details"
id="toggle-authors"
data-alt-text="Collapse"
aria-controls="expanded-authors"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore
data-fetch-url="/19273596/long-authors/"
data-id-prefix="">
<span class="title">
Expand
</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors">
<div class="affiliations">
<h3 class="title">
Affiliation
</h3>
<ul class="item-list">
<li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1"
id="full-view-affiliation-1"
><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers">
<li>
<span class="identifier pubmed">
<span class="id-label">
PMID:
</span>
<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">19273596</strong>
</span>
</li>
<li>
<span class="identifier pmc">
<span class="id-label">
PMCID:
</span>
<a class="id-link"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=article_id_link&amp;article_id=PMC2682054&amp;id_type=PMC"
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2682054/"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="PMCID"
>
PMC2682054
</a>
</span>
</li>
<li>
<span class="identifier doi">
<span class="id-label">
DOI:
</span>
<a class="id-link"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=article_id_link&amp;article_id=10.1128/MCB.01667-08&amp;id_type=DOI"
href="https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01667-08"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="DOI"
>
10.1128/MCB.01667-08
</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden>
Item in Clipboard
</div>
</div>
<div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading">
<h1 class="heading-title">
Zinc finger protein Zbtb20 is essential for postnatal survival and glucose homeostasis
</h1>
<div class="short-citation">
<span class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Andrew P R Sutherland</span><span class="citation-separator">&nbsp;et al.</span></span>
</span>
<span class="citation-journal">
Mol Cell Biol<span class="citation-separator">.</span>
</span>
<span class="date">
<span class="citation-year">2009 May</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings">
<button class="more-article-details"
id="toggle-article-details"
data-alt-text="Hide details"
ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details"
aria-controls="full-article-details"
aria-expanded="false"
data-fetch-url="/19273596/long-authors/"
data-id-prefix="">
<span class="title">Show details</span>
</button>
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
<button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Display options
</div>
<div class="content">
<div class="format-container">
<span class="option-label">
Format
</span>
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="mobile-display-format">
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="extended-article-details" id="full-article-details" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="article-citation">
<div class="article-source">
<div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="short-view-journal-trigger"
class="journal-actions-trigger trigger"
ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn"
title="Molecular and cellular biology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="short-view-journal"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Molecular and cellular biology"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mol Cell Biol
</button><div id="short-view-journal"
class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Molecular and cellular biology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&amp;journal_abbrev=Mol Cell Biol"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="Mol Cell Biol">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Mol+Cell+Biol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D"
data-ga-category="search_catalog"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="Mol Cell Biol">
Search in NLM Catalog
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term='"Mol Cell Biol"[jour]'
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label='"Mol Cell Biol"[jour]'
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2009 May;29(10):2804-15.</span>
</div>
<span class="citation-doi">
doi: 10.1128/MCB.01667-08.
</span>
<span class="secondary-date">
Epub 2009 Mar 9.
</span>
</div>
<div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors">
<div class="authors">
<h3 class="title">
Authors
</h3>
<div class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Sutherland+AP&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Andrew P R Sutherland">Andrew P R Sutherland</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator">&nbsp;</span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff">
1
</a></sup><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+H&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Hai Zhang">Hai Zhang</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+Y&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Ye Zhang">Ye Zhang</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Michaud+M&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Monia Michaud">Monia Michaud</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Xie+Z&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Zhifang Xie">Zhifang Xie</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Patti+ME&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Mary-Elizabeth Patti">Mary-Elizabeth Patti</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Grusby+MJ&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Michael J Grusby">Michael J Grusby</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Zhang+WJ&amp;cauthor_id=19273596"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="Weiping J Zhang">Weiping J Zhang</a></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="affiliations">
<h3 class="title">
Affiliation
</h3>
<ul class="item-list">
<li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1"
id="short-view-affiliation-1"
><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers">
<li>
<span class="identifier pubmed">
<span class="id-label">
PMID:
</span>
<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">19273596</strong>
</span>
</li>
<li>
<span class="identifier pmc">
<span class="id-label">
PMCID:
</span>
<a class="id-link"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=article_id_link&amp;article_id=PMC2682054&amp;id_type=PMC"
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2682054/"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="PMCID"
>
PMC2682054
</a>
</span>
</li>
<li>
<span class="identifier doi">
<span class="id-label">
DOI:
</span>
<a class="id-link"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=article_id_link&amp;article_id=10.1128/MCB.01667-08&amp;id_type=DOI"
href="https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01667-08"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="DOI"
>
10.1128/MCB.01667-08
</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden>
Item in Clipboard
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger"
title="Open dialog with full text links"
ref="linksrc=full_text_links">
Full text links
</button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="open"
data-all-citations-url="/19273596/citations/"
data-citation-style="nlm"
data-pubmed-format-link="/19273596/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
Display options
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
Format
</span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<div class="abstract" id="abstract">
<h2 class="title">
Abstract
</h2>
<div class="abstract-content selected"
id="eng-abstract">
<p>
Zbtb20 is a member of the POK family of proteins, which function primarily as transcriptional repressors via interactions mediated by their conserved C(2)H(2) Krüppel type zinc finger and BTB/POZ domains. To define the function of Zbtb20 in vivo, we generated knockout mice by homologous recombination. Zbtb20 null mice display a stark phenotype characterized by postnatal growth retardation, metabolic dysfunction, and lethality. Zbtb20 knockout mice displayed abnormal glucose homeostasis, hormonal responses, and depletion of energy stores, consistent with an energetic deficit. Additionally, increased serum bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase levels were suggestive of liver dysfunction. To identify potential liver-specific Zbtb20 target genes, we performed transcript profiling studies on liver tissue from Zbtb20 knockout mice and wild-type littermate controls. These studies identified sets of genes involved in growth, metabolism, and detoxification that were differentially regulated in Zbtb20 knockout liver. Transgenic mice expressing Zbtb20 in the liver were generated and crossed onto the Zbtb20 knockout background, which resulted in no significant normalization of growth or glucose metabolism but a significant increase in life span compared to controls. These data indicate that the phenotype of Zbtb20 knockout mice results from liver-dependent and -independent defects, suggesting that Zbtb20 plays nonredundant roles in multiple organ systems.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer">
<a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources"
data-ga-action="disclaimer_link" data-ga-label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a>
</p>
<div class="figures" id="figures">
<h2 class="title">
Figures
</h2>
<div class="figures-list" id="slides-container"
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery">
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="0"
data-label-slug="fig-1">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/36bef8c2f671/zmb0100980630001.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-0"
role="button"
data-image-width="475"
data-image-height="624"
data-image-alt="FIG. 1."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f1">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-0"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/13f1d59499b5/zmb0100980630001.gif"
alt="FIG. 1." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="475">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="624">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 1. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 knockout mouse generation and… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 1. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 knockout mouse generation and validation. (A) Schematic demonstration for the gene targeting… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 1.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Zbtb20 knockout mouse generation and validation. (A) Schematic demonstration for the gene targeting of the Zbtb20 gene. The probe 5 is used for Southern blot analysis of EcoRV-digested genomic DNA, which detects a 7.3-kb band for the wild-type (wt) allele, a 5-kb band for the homologously recombined allele with a neomycin resistance cassette (Neo), or a 3.2-kb band for a Neo-deleted allele created by Cre recombinantion. The <i>loxP</i> sites are represented as filled triangles. V, EcoRV; X, XhoI; H, HpaI; E, EcoRI; D, DraIII; C, ClaI; S, SalI; N, NotI; HSV-TK, herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase cassette. (B) Southern blotting identified products specific to the wild-type (WT; 7.3-kb) and knockout (KO; 3.2-kb) alleles in homozygous and heterozygous mice. (C) PCR-amplified products specific to the wild-type (100-bp) and knockout (300-bp) alleles in homozygous and heterozygous mice. (D) Western blotting was performed on nuclear fractions from the livers of Zbtb20 knockout mice and littermate controls using an anti-Zbtb20 polyclonal antiserum. An antibody against the nuclear protein Sp1 was used as a protein loading control.</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="1"
data-label-slug="fig-2">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/639f8c798f7d/zmb0100980630002.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-1"
role="button"
data-image-width="475"
data-image-height="367"
data-image-alt="FIG. 2."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f2">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-1"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/dbddf738c977/zmb0100980630002.gif"
alt="FIG. 2." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="475">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="367">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 2. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20-deficient mice display growth retardation,… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 2. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20-deficient mice display growth retardation, hypoglycemia, and lethality. (A) Zbtb20 null mice and… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 2.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Zbtb20-deficient mice display growth retardation, hypoglycemia, and lethality. (A) Zbtb20 null mice and littermate controls were weighed weekly from 2 to 12 weeks of age. (B) Visual inspection reveals reduced axial growth at 2.5 weeks of age. (C) Blood glucose levels were measured every 2 weeks from 2.5 to 12 weeks of age. (D) Survival curves for Zbtb20 null mice and littermate controls (+/+, <i>n</i> = 16; +/, <i>n</i> = 30; /, <i>n</i> = 11).</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="2"
data-label-slug="fig-3">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/809fc43de1fb/zmb0100980630003.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-2"
role="button"
data-image-width="480"
data-image-height="618"
data-image-alt="FIG. 3."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f3">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-2"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/ca60c7c6b4fb/zmb0100980630003.gif"
alt="FIG. 3." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="480">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="618">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 3. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 has altered glucose metabolism… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 3. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 has altered glucose metabolism consistent with nutrient deficiency. (A) Blood glucose levels… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 3.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Zbtb20 has altered glucose metabolism consistent with nutrient deficiency. (A) Blood glucose levels of Zbtb20 null and littermate controls were measured prior to (fed; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) and after (fast; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.005) an overnight fast. (B to D) Glucose tolerance tests (2 mg/kg; +/+, <i>n</i> = 5; +/, <i>n</i> = 15; /, <i>n</i> = 10; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.005) (B), insulin tolerance tests (0.75 U/kg; +/+, <i>n</i> = 5; +/, <i>n</i> = 5; /, <i>n</i> = 5; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.005) (C), and glucagon tolerance tests (30 μg/kg; +/+ <i>n</i> = 4, +/, <i>n</i> = 24;/, <i>n</i> = 5; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.005) (D) were performed on Zbtb20 null and littermate controls. (E) Total glycogen was quantitated in liver from Zbtb20 null mice and littermate controls by a glucose oxidase activity assay (top) (+/+, <i>n</i> = 5; +/, <i>n</i> = 3; /, <i>n</i> = 4, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and periodic acid-Schiff staining of fixed tissue (bottom).</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="3"
data-label-slug="fig-4">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/749dbd5a8b6f/zmb0100980630004.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-3"
role="button"
data-image-width="664"
data-image-height="829"
data-image-alt="FIG. 4."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f4">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-3"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/c289ecf3c7ec/zmb0100980630004.gif"
alt="FIG. 4." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="664">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="829">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 4. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Transcript profiling of liver tissue… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 4. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Transcript profiling of liver tissue from Zbtb20 null mice reveals putative target genes… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 4.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Transcript profiling of liver tissue from Zbtb20 null mice reveals putative target genes and altered regulation of pathways involved in growth, glucose metabolism, and detoxification. HeatMaps were generated from the transcript profiling data comparing Zbtb20 null and wild-type control liver tissue (+/+, <i>n</i> = 4; /, <i>n</i> = 4). The 40 transcripts with the highest upregulation (A) and downregulation (B) in Zbtb20 null liver are shown. Gene ontology analysis revealed transcripts involved in pathways controlling growth (C), glucose metabolism (D), and detoxification (E). WT, wild type; KO, knockout.</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="4"
data-label-slug="fig-5">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/6fb696a8738a/zmb0100980630005.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-4"
role="button"
data-image-width="481"
data-image-height="502"
data-image-alt="FIG. 5."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f5">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-4"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/c7b466280a92/zmb0100980630005.gif"
alt="FIG. 5." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="481">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="502">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 5. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 transgenic mouse generation and… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 5. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Zbtb20 transgenic mouse generation and validation. (A) Murine Zbtb20 gene cDNA was cloned… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 5.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Zbtb20 transgenic mouse generation and validation. (A) Murine Zbtb20 gene cDNA was cloned under the control of regulatory elements from the human ApoE gene. (B) PCR of tail DNA of Zbtb20 transgenic and littermate control animals yields an 250-bp band in transgenic animals. (C) Zbtb20 mRNA levels in liver tissue isolated from Zbtb20 transgenic (Tg) and littermate control (WT) mice were measured by quantitative PCR (WT, <i>n</i> = 4; Tg, <i>n</i> = 9). (D) Western blots of total liver lysates from Zbtb20 transgenic and littermate controls. Two distinct bands corresponding to Zbtb20 are detected at 90 and 100 kDa, respectively, as well as a faster-migrating nonspecific band (NS). (E) Zbtb20 mRNA levels were measured in a panel of tissues isolated from Zbtb20 transgenic and littermate control mice by quantitative PCR (WT, <i>n</i> = 2; Tg, <i>n</i> = 2).</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="figure-item "
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
itemprop="associatedMedia"
data-slide-index="5"
data-label-slug="fig-6">
<a class="figure-link"
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/a25d8906fdad/zmb0100980630006.jpg"
itemprop="contentUrl"
aria-describedby="figure-caption-5"
role="button"
data-image-width="480"
data-image-height="565"
data-image-alt="FIG. 6."
data-pmc-id="PMC2682054"
data-figure-id="f6">
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
id="article-image-5"
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9856/2682054/4d345025ef3c/zmb0100980630006.gif"
alt="FIG. 6." />
</a>
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="480">
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="565">
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="caption-wrap">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 6. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The Zbtb20 liver transgene partially… </p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
<strong class="figure-label">
<p> FIG. 6. </p>
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The Zbtb20 liver transgene partially complements elements of the Zbtb20 null phenotype. (A)… </p></div>
</div>
<figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
<strong class="figure-label">
FIG. 6.
</strong>
<div class="figure-caption-contents">The Zbtb20 liver transgene partially complements elements of the Zbtb20 null phenotype. (A) Zbtb20 transgenic mice, Zbtb20 null mice, and littermate controls were weighed weekly from 2 to 12 weeks of age. (B) Blood glucose levels were measured every 2 weeks from 2.5 to 12 weeks of age for mice fed ad libitum. (C) Survival curves for Zbtb20 null mice and littermate controls (+/+,, <i>n</i> = 19; +/+,+, <i>n</i> = 12; +/,, <i>n</i> = 50; +/,+, <i>n</i> = 27; /,, <i>n</i> = 16; /,+, <i>n</i> = 14; <i>P</i> = 0.017). Total RNA was extracted from liver tissue harvested from a cohort of mice at 4 to 6 weeks of age from the Zbtb20 knockout to Zbtb20 transgenic cross. (D and E) Levels of transcripts for AFP (D) and a number of cytochrome P450 family members (E) were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (+/+, and +/,, <i>n</i> = 10; /,, <i>n</i> = 5; +/+,+ and +/,+, <i>n</i> = 5; /,+, <i>n</i> = 3).</div>
</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<!-- Root element of PhotoSwipe. Must have class pswp. -->
<div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"
data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog">
<!-- Background of PhotoSwipe.
It's a separate element as animating opacity is faster than rgba(). -->
<div class="pswp__bg"></div>
<!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. -->
<div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">
<!-- Container that holds slides.
PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory.
Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. -->
<div class="pswp__container">
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
</div>
<!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. -->
<div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden">
<div class="pswp__top-bar">
<!-- Controls are self-explanatory. Order can be changed. -->
<div class="pswp__counter"></div>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" title="Share"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>
<!-- Preloader demo http://codepen.io/dimsemenov/pen/yyBWoR -->
<!-- element will get class pswp__preloader--active when preloader is running -->
<div class="pswp__preloader">
<div class="pswp__preloader__icn">
<div class="pswp__preloader__cut">
<div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap">
<div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div>
</div>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)">
</button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)">
</button>
<div class="pswp__caption">
<div class="pswp__caption__center"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-dialog-caption">
<div class="figure-caption-link-container">
<a class="figure-caption-link" href="#">See this image and copyright information in PMC</a>
</div>
<div class="figure-caption-center"
data-expand-title="click to show full caption"
data-collapse-title="click to hide full caption">
</div>
<button class="figure-caption-toggle-btn"
aria-label="show full caption"
data-expand-text="show full caption"
data-collapse-text="hide full caption">
<!-- Dynamic text -->
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="similar-articles" id="similar">
<h2 class="title">
Similar articles
</h2>
<ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list">
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/26893361/"
ref="article_id=26893361&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="26893361"
data-ga-label="">
Zinc finger protein ZBTB20 is an independent prognostic marker and promotes tumor growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma by repressing FoxO1.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kan H, Huang Y, Li X, Liu D, Chen J, Shu M.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kan H, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Oncotarget. 2016 Mar 22;7(12):14336-49. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7425.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Oncotarget. 2016.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">26893361</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/22374165/"
ref="article_id=22374165&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=2"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="22374165"
data-ga-label="">
The zinc finger protein ZBTB20 regulates transcription of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 and β cell function in mice.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zhou L, Li L, Zhang H, Zhou G, Ma X, Herrera PL, Liu Z, Grusby MJ, Zhang WJ.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Zhang Y, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Gastroenterology. 2012 Jun;142(7):1571-1580.e6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.02.043. Epub 2012 Feb 25.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Gastroenterology. 2012.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">22374165</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/28327662/"
ref="article_id=28327662&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=3"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="28327662"
data-ga-label="">
Regulation of hepatic lipogenesis by the zinc finger protein Zbtb20.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Liu G, Zhou L, Zhang H, Chen R, Zhang Y, Li L, Lu JY, Jiang H, Liu D, Qi S, Jiang YM, Yin K, Xie Z, Shi Y, Liu Y, Cao X, Chen YX, Zou D, Zhang WJ.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Liu G, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Nat Commun. 2017 Mar 22;8:14824. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14824.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Nat Commun. 2017.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">28327662</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/38397429/"
ref="article_id=38397429&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=4"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="38397429"
data-ga-label="">
Zinc Finger and BTB Domain-Containing 20: A Newly Emerging Player in Pathogenesis and Development of Human Cancers.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Liu J, Zhang H.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Liu J, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Biomolecules. 2024 Feb 4;14(2):192. doi: 10.3390/biom14020192.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Biomolecules. 2024.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">38397429</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/37762065/"
ref="article_id=37762065&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=5"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="37762065"
data-ga-label="">
Transcription Factor Zbtb20 as a Regulator of Malignancy and Its Practical Applications.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Stoyanov D, Stoyanov GS, Ivanov MN, Spasov RH, Tonchev AB.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Stoyanov D, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 6;24(18):13763. doi: 10.3390/ijms241813763.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Int J Mol Sci. 2023.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37762065</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="actions-bar">
<a
class="show-all-linked-articles"
data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=19273596"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="show_all"
>
See all similar articles
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="citedby-articles" id="citedby">
<h2 class="title">
Cited by
</h2>
<ul class="articles-list" id="citedby-articles-list">
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/25623289/"
ref="article_id=25623289&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="25623289"
data-ga-label="">
Berberine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by a global modulation of hepatic mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Yuan X, Wang J, Tang X, Li Y, Xia P, Gao X.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Yuan X, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Transl Med. 2015 Jan 27;13:24. doi: 10.1186/s12967-015-0383-6.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Transl Med. 2015.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">25623289</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/37927765/"
ref="article_id=37927765&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=2"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="37927765"
data-ga-label="">
An Infant With Primrose Syndrome: A Case Report.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Long C, DeRose B, Lal AB, Imboden E.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Long C, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Cureus. 2023 Oct 5;15(10):e46546. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46546. eCollection 2023 Oct.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Cureus. 2023.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37927765</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/25017102/"
ref="article_id=25017102&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=3"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="25017102"
data-ga-label="">
Mutations in ZBTB20 cause Primrose syndrome.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Cordeddu V, Redeker B, Stellacci E, Jongejan A, Fragale A, Bradley TE, Anselmi M, Ciolfi A, Cecchetti S, Muto V, Bernardini L, Azage M, Carvalho DR, Espay AJ, Male A, Molin AM, Posmyk R, Battisti C, Casertano A, Melis D, van Kampen A, Baas F, Mannens MM, Bocchinfuso G, Stella L, Tartaglia M, Hennekam RC.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Cordeddu V, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Nat Genet. 2014 Aug;46(8):815-7. doi: 10.1038/ng.3035. Epub 2014 Jul 13.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Nat Genet. 2014.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">25017102</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/20308569/"
ref="article_id=20308569&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=4"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="20308569"
data-ga-label="">
Zbtb20 is essential for the specification of CA1 field identity in the developing hippocampus.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Xie Z, Ma X, Ji W, Zhou G, Lu Y, Xiang Z, Wang YX, Zhang L, Hu Y, Ding YQ, Zhang WJ.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Xie Z, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 6;107(14):6510-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0912315107. Epub 2010 Mar 22.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">20308569</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/37279265/"
ref="article_id=37279265&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=5"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="37279265"
data-ga-label="">
ZBTB20 is essential for cochlear maturation and hearing in mice.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Xie Z, Ma XH, Bai QF, Tang J, Sun JH, Jiang F, Guo W, Wang CM, Yang R, Wen YC, Wang FY, Chen YX, Zhang H, He DZ, Kelley MW, Yang S, Zhang WJ.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Xie Z, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Jun 13;120(24):e2220867120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2220867120. Epub 2023 Jun 6.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">37279265</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="actions-bar">
<a
class="show-all-linked-articles"
data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed_citedin&from_uid=19273596"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="show_all"
>
See all "Cited by" articles
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="references" id="references">
<h2 class="title">
References
</h2>
<div id='top-references-list' class="references-lists-container">
<div class="refs-list">
<ol id="top-references-list-1" class="references-list">
<li>
<ol class="references-and-notes-list">
<li
class="skip-numbering"
value="1">
Butler, A. A., and D. Le Roith. 2001. Control of growth by the somatropic axis: growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factors have related and independent roles. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63141-164.
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="/11181952/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="11181952"
>
PubMed
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<ol class="references-and-notes-list">
<li
class="skip-numbering"
value="1">
Cohen, S. E., E. Kokkotou, S. B. Biddinger, T. Kondo, R. Gebhardt, J. Kratzsch, C. S. Mantzoros, and C. R. Kahn. 2007. High circulating leptin receptors with normal leptin sensitivity in liver-specific insulin receptor knock-out (LIRKO) mice. J. Biol. Chem. 28223672-23678.
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="/17556363/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="17556363"
>
PubMed
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<ol class="references-and-notes-list">
<li
class="skip-numbering"
value="1">
Collins, T., J. R. Stone, and A. J. Williams. 2001. All in the family: the BTB/POZ, KRAB, and SCAN domains. Mol. Cell. Biol. 213609-3615.
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC86980/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="PMC86980"
>
PMC
</a>
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="/11340155/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=2"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="11340155"
>
PubMed
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<ol class="references-and-notes-list">
<li
class="skip-numbering"
value="1">
Costoya, J. A. 2007. Functional analysis of the role of POK transcriptional repressors. Brief. Funct. Genomics Proteomics 68-18.
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="/17384421/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="17384421"
>
PubMed
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<ol class="references-and-notes-list">
<li
class="skip-numbering"
value="1">
Dentin, R., J. P. Pegorier, F. Benhamed, F. Foufelle, P. Ferre, V. Fauveau, M. A. Magnuson, J. Girard, and C. Postic. 2004. Hepatic glucokinase is required for the synergistic action of ChREBP and SREBP-1c on glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression. J. Biol. Chem. 27920314-20326.
-
<a
class="reference-link"
href="/14985368/"
ref="linksrc=references_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="14985368"
>
PubMed
</a>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="actions-bar">
<button
class="show-all"
ref="linksrc=show_all_references_link"
aria-controls="top-references-list-1"
data-next-page-url="/19273596/references/"
data-ga-category="reference"
data-ga-action="show_more"
>
Show all 34 references
</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="publication-types" class="publication-types keywords-section">
<h2 class="title">
Publication types
</h2>
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-publication-types-0"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t
</button><div id="keyword-actions-publication-types-0"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t%22%5Bpt%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t%22%5Bpt%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t&quot;[pt]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="pub_type"
data-ga-label="Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="pub_type_link"
data-ga-label="Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t&quot;[pt]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov&#x27;t&quot;[pt]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="mesh-terms" class="mesh-terms keywords-section">
<h2 class="title">
MeSH terms
</h2>
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Animals"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Animals
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Animals"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Animals">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Animals"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Animals">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Blood Glucose / metabolism"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Blood Glucose / metabolism
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Blood Glucose / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Blood+Glucose%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Blood+Glucose%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Blood Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Blood Glucose / metabolism">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Blood+Glucose"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Blood Glucose / metabolism">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Blood Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Blood Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Profiling"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Gene Expression Profiling
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Profiling"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Profiling%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Profiling%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Gene Expression Profiling&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Gene Expression Profiling">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Expression+Profiling"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Gene Expression Profiling">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Gene Expression Profiling&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Gene Expression Profiling&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Glucose / metabolism*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-3"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Glucose / metabolism*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-3"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Glucose / metabolism*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Glucose%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Glucose%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Glucose / metabolism*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Glucose"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Glucose / metabolism*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Glucose/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Homeostasis*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Homeostasis*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Homeostasis*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Homeostasis%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Homeostasis%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Homeostasis&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Homeostasis*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Homeostasis"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Homeostasis*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Homeostasis&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Homeostasis&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Humans"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Humans
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Humans"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Humans&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Humans">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Humans">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Humans&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Humans&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Liver / metabolism"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Liver / metabolism
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Liver / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Liver%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Liver%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Liver/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Liver / metabolism">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Liver"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Liver / metabolism">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Liver/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Liver/metabolism&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mice"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mice
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mice"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mice%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mice%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mice">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mice">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Inbred C57BL"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mice, Inbred C57BL
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Inbred C57BL"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Inbred+C57BL%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Inbred+C57BL%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mice, Inbred C57BL&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mice, Inbred C57BL">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice%2C+Inbred+C57BL"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mice, Inbred C57BL">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mice, Inbred C57BL&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mice, Inbred C57BL&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Transgenic"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mice, Transgenic
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Transgenic"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Transgenic%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Transgenic%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mice, Transgenic&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mice, Transgenic">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice%2C+Transgenic"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mice, Transgenic">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mice, Transgenic&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mice, Transgenic&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / genetics"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Transcription Factors / genetics
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Transcription Factors/genetics&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors / genetics">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Transcription+Factors"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors / genetics">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Transcription Factors/genetics&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Transcription Factors/genetics&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / metabolism*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Transcription Factors / metabolism*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / metabolism*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Transcription Factors/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors / metabolism*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Transcription+Factors"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors / metabolism*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Transcription Factors/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Transcription Factors/metabolism&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Zinc Fingers*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Zinc Fingers*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Zinc Fingers*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Zinc+Fingers%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Zinc+Fingers%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Zinc Fingers&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Zinc Fingers*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Zinc+Fingers"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Zinc Fingers*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Zinc Fingers&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Zinc Fingers&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
<h2 class="title">
Substances
</h2>
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Blood Glucose"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Blood Glucose
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Blood Glucose"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Blood+Glucose%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Blood+Glucose%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Blood Glucose&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Blood Glucose">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Blood+Glucose%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Blood Glucose">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Blood Glucose&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Blood Glucose&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Transcription Factors
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Transcription Factors&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Transcription Factors&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Transcription Factors&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Zbtb20 protein, mouse"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Zbtb20 protein, mouse
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Zbtb20 protein, mouse"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Zbtb20+protein%2C+mouse%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Zbtb20+protein%2C+mouse%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Zbtb20 protein, mouse&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Zbtb20 protein, mouse">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Zbtb20+protein%2C+mouse%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Zbtb20 protein, mouse">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Zbtb20 protein, mouse&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Zbtb20 protein, mouse&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Glucose"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-3"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Glucose
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-3"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Glucose"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Glucose%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Glucose%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Glucose&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Glucose">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Glucose%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Glucose">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Glucose&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Glucose&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="related-links" class="related-links">
<h2 class="title">
Related information
</h2>
<ul class="related-links-list"><li><a title="PubMed links associated with Books" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?linkname=pubmed_books_refs&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1">
Cited in Books
</a></li><li><a title="Link to related Genes" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?linkname=pubmed_gene&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2">
Gene
</a></li><li><a title="Link to Gene for the GeneRIF subcategory" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?linkname=pubmed_gene_rif&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3">
Gene (GeneRIF)
</a></li><li><a title="Related information in MedGen" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?linkname=pubmed_medgen&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4">
MedGen
</a></li><li><a title="Related records in MedGen based on citations in GeneReviews and Medical Genetics Summaries" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?linkname=pubmed_medgen_bookshelf_cited&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5">
MedGen (Bookshelf cited)
</a></li><li><a title="OMIM (cited) Links" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim?linkname=pubmed_omim_cited&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=6">
OMIM (cited)
</a></li><li><a title="Link to Protein RefSeqs" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein?linkname=pubmed_protein_refseq&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=7">
Protein (RefSeq)
</a></li><li><a title="Related PubChem Compound via MeSH" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pccompound?linkname=pubmed_pccompound_mesh&amp;from_uid=19273596"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=19273596&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=8">
PubChem Compound (MeSH Keyword)
</a></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="linkout" class="linkout">
<h2 class="title">
LinkOut - more resources
</h2>
<ul class="linkout-list"><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Full Text Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1128/MCB.01667-08?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&amp;rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=4487&uid=19273596&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=8109087"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Full Text Sources"
data-ga-label="Atypon"
>
Atypon
</a></li><li><a
href="https://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/19273596"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=6082&uid=19273596&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=8109087"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Full Text Sources"
data-ga-label="Europe PubMed Central"
>
Europe PubMed Central
</a></li><li><a
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/19273596/"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=3494&uid=19273596&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=8109087"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Full Text Sources"
data-ga-label="PubMed Central"
>
PubMed Central
</a></li></ul></li><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Other Literature Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
href="https://www.lens.org/lens/search/patent/list?q=reference_cited.npl.ids.pmid:19273596"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=8681&uid=19273596&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=8109087"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Other Literature Sources"
data-ga-label="The Lens - Patent Citations Database"
>
The Lens - Patent Citations Database
</a></li></ul></li><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Molecular Biology Databases</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/reference/19273596"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=2002&uid=19273596&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=8109087"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Molecular Biology Databases"
data-ga-label="Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)"
>
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)
</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div>
</main>
<div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="Full Text Links Dialog">
<div id="full-text-links-dialog" class="dialog full-text-links-dialog">
<strong class="title">Full text links</strong>
<button class="close-overlay" tabindex="3">[x]</button>
<div class="full-text-links-list">
<a class="link-item
dialog-focus"
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1128/MCB.01667-08?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&amp;rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&amp;rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&amp;is_pmc=False&amp;PrId=4487&amp;itool=Abstract-def&amp;log$=linkouticon&amp;uid=19273596&amp;db=pubmed&amp;nlmid=8109087"
title="See full text options at Atypon"
tabindex="1"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="Atypon"
data-ga-label="19273596"
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.tandfonline.com-pb-assets-tandf-logos-tf_pubmed_fulltext_icon.png" alt="Atypon full text link"><span class="text">
Atypon
</span></a><a class="link-item
pmc
"
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/19273596/"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&amp;is_pmc=True&amp;PrId=3494&amp;itool=Abstract-def&amp;log$=linkouticon&amp;uid=19273596&amp;db=pubmed&amp;nlmid=8109087"
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
tabindex="2"
data-ga-category="full_text"
data-ga-action="PMC"
data-ga-label="19273596"
><span class="text">
Free PMC article
</span></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="Citation Dialog">
<div class="dialog citation-dialog">
<button class="close-overlay" tabindex="1">[x]</button>
<div class="title">Cite</div>
<div class="citation-text-block">
<div class="citation-text"></div>
<div class="citation-actions">
<button
class="copy-button dialog-focus"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="copy"
tabindex="2">
Copy
</button>
<form method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="oZV8H11hV7oSiR22ZwFqMC1BVy7U1XiiFMFdkRuDvIbmci8SCPisgKxftCP6UyQC">
<button type="submit"
class="export-button"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="download"
title="Download a file for external citation management software"
tabindex="3">
<span class="download-title">Download .nbib</span>
<span class="download-title-mobile">.nbib</span>
</button>
</form>
<div class="citation-style-selector-wrapper">
<label class="selector-label">Format:</label>
<select aria-label="Format" class="citation-style-selector" tabindex="4">
<option data-style-url-name="ama"
value="AMA"
>
AMA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="apa"
value="APA"
>
APA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="mla"
value="MLA"
>
MLA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="nlm"
value="NLM"
selected="selected">
NLM
</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="More Actions Dialog">
<div id="more-actions-dialog" class="dialog more-actions-dialog">
<strong class="title">Send To</strong>
<ul class="more-actions-links">
<li><a id="clipboard-trigger" role="button" class="submit-button clipboard-trigger clipboard-trigger-target dialog-focus link-item " href="#">Clipboard</a></li>
<li><a class="email-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Email</a></li>
<li><a class="save-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Save</a></li>
<li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li>
<li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li>
<li><a class="citation-manager-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Citation Manager</a></li>
</ul>
<button class="close-overlay">[x]</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="ncbi-footer">
<div class="literature-footer" role="complementary" title="Links to NCBI Literature Resources">
<div class="usa-grid">
<p class="literature-footer-text">NCBI Literature Resources</p>
<p class="literature-footer-text">
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/">MeSH</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="pmc_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/">PMC</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="bookshelf_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books">Bookshelf</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="disclaimer_link" href="/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
</p>
<p class="literature-footer-text attribution-statement">The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ========== BEGIN FOOTER ========== -->
<footer>
<section class="icon-section">
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
<div class="grid-container container">
<div class="icon-section_container">
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter">
<svg width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 40 37" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1008">
<path id="path1008"
d="M6.06736 7L16.8778 20.8991L6.00001 32.2H10.2L18.6 23.1L25.668 32.2H34L22.8 17.5L31.9 7H28.4L20.7 15.4L14.401 7H6.06898H6.06736ZM9.66753 8.73423H12.9327L29.7327 30.4658H26.5697L9.66753 8.73423Z"
fill="#5B616B"/>
</g>
</svg>
</a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg
data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>Facebook</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm"
aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>LinkedIn</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg
data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<defs>
<style>
.cls-11,
.cls-12 {
fill: #737373;
}
.cls-11 {
fill-rule: evenodd;
}
</style>
</defs>
<title>GitHub</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
<svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs><path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"/></svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
<div class="container pt-5">
<div class="row mt-3">
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter"
target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
<svg width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 38 35" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1009" clip-path="url(#clip0_65276_3946)">
<path id="Vector" d="M17.5006 34.6565C26.9761 34.6565 34.6575 26.9751 34.6575 17.4996C34.6575 8.02416 26.9761 0.342773 17.5006 0.342773C8.02514 0.342773 0.34375 8.02416 0.34375 17.4996C0.34375 26.9751 8.02514 34.6565 17.5006 34.6565Z" fill="#205493" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
<path id="path1009" d="M8.54811 8.5L16.2698 18.4279L8.50001 26.5H11.5L17.5 20L22.5486 26.5H28.5L20.5 16L27 8.5H24.5L19 14.5L14.5007 8.5H8.54927H8.54811ZM11.1197 9.73873H13.4519L25.4519 25.2613H23.1926L11.1197 9.73873Z" fill="white"></path>
</g>
<defs>
<clipPath id="clip0_65276_3946">
<rect width="38" height="38" fill="white"></rect>
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg></a>
</li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine"
aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px"
y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
<style type="text/css">
.st10 {
fill: #FFFFFF;
}
.st110 {
fill: none;
stroke: #FFFFFF;
stroke-width: 8;
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}
</style>
<title>SM-Facebook</title>
<g>
<g>
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9
v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
</g>
</g>
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
</svg>
</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube"
target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249"
style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
<title>SM-Youtube</title>
<style type="text/css">
.st4 {
fill: none;
stroke: #FFFFFF;
stroke-width: 8;
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}
.st5 {
fill: #FFFFFF;
}
</style>
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
<path class="st5"
d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7
v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
</g>
</svg></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br>
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323"
class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br>
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office"
class="text-white">FOIA</a><br>
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
<nav class="bottom-links">
<ul class="mt-3">
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white"
href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a
class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</footer>
<!-- ========== END FOOTER ========== -->
<!-- javascript to inject NWDS meta tags. Note: value of nwds_version is updated by "npm version" command -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var nwds_version = "1.2.3";
var meta_nwds_ver = document.createElement('meta');
meta_nwds_ver.name = 'ncbi_nwds_ver';
meta_nwds_ver.content = nwds_version;
document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds_ver);
var meta_nwds = document.createElement('meta');
meta_nwds.name = 'ncbi_nwds';
meta_nwds.content = 'yes';
document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds);
var alertsUrl = "/core/alerts/alerts.js";
if (typeof ncbiBaseUrl !== 'undefined') {
alertsUrl = ncbiBaseUrl + alertsUrl;
}
</script>
</div>
<!-- jQuery with plugins -->
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.293fbf76aa18.js"></script>
<!-- Project base scripts -->
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.550e9c8906a2.js"></script>
<script>
ncbi.awesome.basePage.init({
userInfo: {
isLoggedIn: false,
username: "",
loginUrl: "https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F19273596%2F",
logoutUrl: "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19273596/"
},
baseUrl: 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov',
noSessionCookieName: "pm-ns",
searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid",
adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid",
searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs",
isOnSearchPageCookieName: "pm-iosp",
backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl",
clinicalSeeAllCookieName: "pm-csa",
jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
userShareRequestFailed: "",
noSharedSettings: "myncbi_no_shared_settings",
noSharedAccount: "myncbi_no_shared_account"
});
</script>
<script type="module">
import dismissableNCBIAlert from "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/dismissable-ncbi-alert.js";
jQuery.getScript("https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/alerts/alerts.js", function () {
galert(['body > *:last-child']);
dismissableNCBIAlert();
}).fail(function() {
});
</script>
<script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/pinger/pinger.js"> </script>
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.e3950ac8c6da.js"></script>
<script>
ncbi.awesome.articlePage.init({
baseSuggestionsUrl: "/suggestions/",
mathJaxUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/mathjax/unpacked/MathJax.js?config=MML_CHTML",
clipboardAPIRoot: "/ajax/clipboard/",
clipboardNextPageUrl: "/clipboard-next-page/",
searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid",
searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs",
backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl",
jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
longTermPrefix: "longquery",
adjNavURLPath: "/19273596/adj-nav/",
adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid",
articlePageUrl: "/19273596/",
markJSUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/mark.js/dist/jquery.mark.js",
termHighlightColor: "",
highlightedTokens: "",
citeFormatPreferenceCookieName: "pm-cf"
});
</script>
</body>
</html>