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data-ga-action="clipboard">
|
||
Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
|
||
<a href="/help/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F11585922%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F11585922%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 11585922 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 11585922"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="7ec6f5fe7d4882bef3a029bdeb0c8959ddbfaadcca07383d46aab0fa7c14d4ca"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="11585922">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1128/MCB.21.21.7416-7428.2001?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=4487&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=11585922&db=pubmed&nlmid=8109087"
|
||
title="See full text options at Atypon"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Atypon"
|
||
data-ga-label="11585922"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.tandfonline.com-pb-assets-tandf-logos-tf_pubmed_fulltext_icon.png" alt="Atypon full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Atypon
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/11585922/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=11585922&db=pubmed&nlmid=8109087"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="11585922"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/11585922/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/11585922/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="11585922" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F11585922%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="b4bibkuEbkzTBblPVG8WXxtu63oqdCmhsRVnOaX0LVmnvCrFyZLYrFZ8E76C6dUB"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2001 Nov;21(21):7416-28.</span>
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Common regulation of growth arrest and differentiation of osteoblasts by helix-loop-helix factors
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Common regulation of growth arrest and differentiation of osteoblasts by helix-loop-helix factors
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Cellular differentiation entails the coordination of cell cycle arrest and tissue-specific gene expression. We investigated the involvement of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factors in differentiation of osteoblasts using the human osteoblastic cell line MG63. Serum starvation induced growth arrest at G1 phase, accompanied by expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1). Reporter assays with the p21 gene promoter demonstrated that the combination of E2A (E12 or E47) and coactivator CBP was responsible for p21 induction independent of p53. Twist inhibited E2A-CBP-dependent activation of the exogenous and endogenous p21 promoters. Ids similarly inhibited the exogenously transfected p21 promoter; however less antagonistic effect on the endogenous p21 promoter was observed. Twist was predominantly present in nuclei in MG63 cells growing in complete medium, while it localized mainly in the cytoplasm after serum starvation. The fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3), which generates signals leading to differentiation of osteoblasts, was found to be controlled by the same transcriptional regulation as the p21 gene. E2A and Twist influenced alkaline phosphatase expression, a consensus marker of osteoblast differentiation. Expression of E2A and FGFR3 was seen at the location of osteoblast differentiation in the calvaria of mouse embryos, implicating bHLH molecules in physiological osteoblast differentiation. These results demonstrate that a common regulatory system is involved in at least two distinct steps in osteoblastic differentiation. Our results also provide the molecular basis of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, caused by mutations of the TWIST and FGFR3 genes.
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Effects of serum starvation on cell cycle arrest and p21 expression in MG63 cells. (A) G<sub>1</sub> arrest by serum starvation. MG63 cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS (a) or 0.1% FBS (b) for 48 h and analyzed for their DNA content by flow cytometry. (B) Activation of p21 promoter by serum starvation. MG63 cells were transfected with 2.5 μg of p21-luc, cultured in DMEM containing either 10, 2, or 0.1% FBS for 48 h, and collected for luciferase assay. Luciferase activity is expressed as fold increase over that for cells cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS. (C) Inhibition of cell growth by p21 as measured by BrdU incorporation. MG63 cells were transfected with pCMV-p21 and pCMV-β-gal plasmids and maintained in DMEM containing 10% FBS for 48 h. BrdU was added 1 h before fixation. Arrowheads, positions corresponding to cells. The cells were stained for β-Gal (a), BrdU (b), and DNA (c). DAPI was used for counterstaining to visualize the nucleus. Scale bar, 20 μm.</div>
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 2 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of serum starvation on expression of p21, E2A, Twist, and Id1 in… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 2
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Effects of serum starvation on expression of p21, E2A, Twist, and Id1 in MG63 cells. (A) Proliferating MG63 cells in DMEM containing 10% FBS (a, c, e, and g) and G<sub>1</sub>-arrested MG63 cells in DMEM containing 0.1% FBS (b, d, f, and h) were stained with antibodies for p21 (fluorescein; a and b), E2A (rhodamine; c and d), Twist (rhodamine; e and f), and Id1 (rhodamine; g and h) and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Scale bar, 20 μm. (B) MG63 cells with (+) or without (−) the E12-expressing plasmid were cultured in indicated concentrations of FBS. Equal amounts of whole-cell extracts were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against E2A and α-tubulin, Lane +, expression of E12 in cells exogenously transfected.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="2"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-3">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/7a797b342466/mb2110579003.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-2"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="400"
|
||
data-image-height="580"
|
||
data-image-alt="FIG. 3"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC99914"
|
||
data-figure-id="F3">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-2"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/d7ad83d9a4d0/mb2110579003.gif"
|
||
alt="FIG. 3" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="400">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="580">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 3 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Activation of p21 promoter by… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 3 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Activation of p21 promoter by E12 and E47 independent of p53. (A) Transcriptional… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 3
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Activation of p21 promoter by E12 and E47 independent of p53. (A) Transcriptional activation of p21 promoter by E12 and E47. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 2.0 μg of the p21-luc reporter plasmid in combination with pCMV-E12, pCMV-E47, or pCMV-del E12 (Δ1-507). The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 2% FBS for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Luciferase activity mediated by pcDNA3 is arbitrarily set at 1. (B) Schematic diagram of luc reporter constructs. The 2.4-kb promoter sequence of the <i>p21</i> gene (solid line) was cloned at the site upstream of the luciferase gene in p21-luc. Possible binding sites for E2A (inverted triangles) and p53 (boxes) in the promoter are shown. Dashed lines, internal deletions. (C) Two micrograms of p21 promoter deletion mutant reporter plasmids with or without the E12 or E47 expression plasmid (2 μg) along with the pCMV-β-gal plasmid was transfected into MG63 cells. The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 2% FBS for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Luciferase activities were normalized against β-Gal activities. Activities relative to that mediated by the empty pcDNA3 are shown.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="3"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-4">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/36de18af9679/mb2110579004.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-3"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="855"
|
||
data-image-height="1280"
|
||
data-image-alt="FIG. 4"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC99914"
|
||
data-figure-id="F4">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-3"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/5350840f5d69/mb2110579004.gif"
|
||
alt="FIG. 4" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="855">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1280">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 4 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of E12 on endogenous… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 4 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of E12 on endogenous p21 expression and BrdU incorporation in MG63 cells.… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 4
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Effects of E12 on endogenous p21 expression and BrdU incorporation in MG63 cells. (A) Activation of endogenous p21 by E12 overexpression. MG63 cells were transfected with pCMV-E12 and maintained in DMEM containing 10% FBS for 72 h. The cells were fixed and stained for E12 (rhodamine; a), p21 (fluorescein; b), and DNA (DAPI; c). DAPI was used for counterstaining to visualize the nucleus. Arrowheads, cells transfected with E12. (B) Effects of E12 on cell proliferation. MG63 cells were treated by the same procedure as for panel A. BrdU was added 1 h before fixation. Arrowheads, positions corresponding to cells. The cells were stained for E12 (rhodamine; a), BrdU (fluorescein; b), and DNA (DAPI; c). (C) Impairment of E12-dependent p21 induction by the p21 antisense plasmid. MG63 cells were transfected with pCMV-E12 and an antisense p21 construct (pCMV-p21as) and maintained in DMEM containing 10% FBS for 72 h. The cells were fixed and stained for E12 (rhodamine; a), p21 (fluorescein; b), and DNA (DAPI; c). Arrowheads, cells expressing E12. (D) Impairment of E12-mediated cell cycle attenuation by the p21 antisense plasmid. MG63 cells were treated by the same procedure as for panel C. BrdU was added 1 h before fixation. Arrowheads, positions corresponding to cells. The cells were stained for E12 (rhodamine; a), BrdU (fluorescein; b), and DNA (DAPI; c). Scale bar, 20 μm.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="4"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-5">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/14266b7c6a35/mb2110579005.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-4"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="400"
|
||
data-image-height="357"
|
||
data-image-alt="FIG. 5"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC99914"
|
||
data-figure-id="F5">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-4"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/9898dafbf32a/mb2110579005.gif"
|
||
alt="FIG. 5" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="400">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="357">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 5 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of Twist, Id1, Id2,… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 5 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of Twist, Id1, Id2, and CBP on E2A-dependent transactivation of p21. (A)… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 5
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Effects of Twist, Id1, Id2, and CBP on E2A-dependent transactivation of p21. (A) Inhibition of E12-dependent transactivation of p21 by Twist, Id1, and Id2. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 2.5 μg of p21-luc in combination with 2.0 μg of either pCMV-E12, pCMV-Twist, pCMV-Twist (Y103X), pCMV-Id1, or pCMV-Id2. The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 2% FBS for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Activation mediated by pcDNA3 is arbitrarily set at 1. (B) Inhibition of E47-dependent transactivation of p21 by Twist, Id1, and Id2. MG63 cells were cotransfected as for panel A except for pCMV-E12, which was replaced with 2.0 μg of pCMV-E47. (C) CBP-mediated suppression of inhibition of E12-dependent p21 transcription by Twist. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 1.0 μg of p21-luc and 0.25 μg of either pcDNA3 or pCMV-E12. The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 2% FBS for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Activation mediated by pcDNA3 is arbitrarily set at 1. (D) Twist-mediated inhibition of p21 gene expression induced by serum starvation. MG63 cells were transfected with 2.5 μg of p21-luc and 2.5 μg of pCMV-Twist or pCMV-Twist (Y103X). The cells were cultured in DMEM containing either 10, 2, or 0.1% FBS for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Luciferase activity is expressed as fold increase over that for vehicle-transfected cells cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS. Empty vector pcDNA3 was included to adjust DNA amounts.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item "
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="5"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-6">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/c1e93df67b65/mb2110579006.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-5"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="1179"
|
||
data-image-height="1280"
|
||
data-image-alt="FIG. 6"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC99914"
|
||
data-figure-id="F6">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-5"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/cbda591a1677/mb2110579006.gif"
|
||
alt="FIG. 6" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1179">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1280">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 6 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Inhibition of E12-dependent p21 induction… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 6 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Inhibition of E12-dependent p21 induction by Twist and Ids overexpression. MG63 cells were… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 6
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Inhibition of E12-dependent p21 induction by Twist and Ids overexpression. MG63 cells were transfected with pCMV-E12 and either pCMV-Twist (A), pCMV-Id1 (B), or pCMV-Id2 (C). DNA amounts used for transfection were adjusted by empty vectors. The cells were maintained in DMEM containing 10% FBS for 72 h. The cells were fixed and stained for E12 (rhodamine; a), p21 (fluorescein; b), and DNA (DAPI; c). Arrowheads, cells expressing E12. Scale bar, 20 μm.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
itemprop="associatedMedia"
|
||
data-slide-index="6"
|
||
data-label-slug="fig-7">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/a803d03db51c/mb2110579007.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-6"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="781"
|
||
data-image-height="523"
|
||
data-image-alt="FIG. 7"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC99914"
|
||
data-figure-id="F7">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-6"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3c49/99914/c4bc74fa7d7e/mb2110579007.gif"
|
||
alt="FIG. 7" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="781">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="523">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 7 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of E2A, Twist, Id1,… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> FIG. 7 </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Effects of E2A, Twist, Id1, Id2, and CBP on FGFR3 transcription in MG63… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-6" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
FIG. 7
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Effects of E2A, Twist, Id1, Id2, and CBP on FGFR3 transcription in MG63 cells. (A) Transcriptional activation of the FGFR3 promoter by E12 and E47. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 2.5 μg of the FGFR3-luc reporter plasmid along with pCMV-E12 or pCMV-E47. Cells were harvested 48 h after transfection and then assayed for their luciferase activities. (B) Schematic diagram of luc reporter constructs. The 1.5-kb promoter sequence of the FGFR3 gene (solid line) was cloned at the site upstream of the luciferase gene in FGFR3-luc. Possible binding sites for E2A (inverted triangles) in the promoter are shown. (C) Two micrograms of FGFR3 promoter deletion mutant reporter plasmids with or without the E47 expression plasmid (2 μg) along with the pCMV-β-gal plasmid was transfected into MG63 cells, and luciferase assays were performed. Luciferase activities were normalized against β-Gal activities. Activities relative to that mediated by the empty pcDNA3 are shown. (D) Inhibition of E2A-dependent transactivation of FGFR3 by Twist, Id1, and Id2. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 2.5 μg of p21-luc in combination with 2.0 μg of pCMV-E12, pCMV-E47, pCMV-Twist, pCMV-Twist (Y103X), pCMV-Id1, and pCMV-Id2. The cells were harvested 48 h after transfection and then assayed for reporter gene expression. (E) CBP-mediated suppression of inhibition of E12-dependent FGFR3 transcription by Twist. MG63 cells were cotransfected with 1.0 μg of FGFR3-luc and 0.25 μg of either pcDNA3 or the pCMV-E12 expression vector. Activation mediated by pcDNA3 is arbitrarily set at 1. (F) Additive effect of E2A and 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> on FGFR3 expression. MG63 cells were transfected with 2.5 μg of FGFR3-luc and 2.5 μg of pCMV-E12. The cells were cultured in DMEM containing either 10, 2, or 0.1% FBS with or without 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> for 48 h and collected for luciferase assay. Luciferase activity is expressed as fold increase over that for vehicle-transfected cells cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS. DNA amounts were adjusted by empty vectors.</div>
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<p> FIG. 8 </p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Osteoblast differentiation in vivo and… </p></div>
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<p> FIG. 8 </p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Osteoblast differentiation in vivo and in vitro. (A) E2A and FGFR3 expression in… </p></div>
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FIG. 8
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Osteoblast differentiation in vivo and in vitro. (A) E2A and FGFR3 expression in the developing calvarial bones. Frontal sections were stained with antibodies for E2A (a and b) and FGFR3 (c). Solid arrowheads (a to c) and open arrowhead (a), cortical plate and the ventricular zone, respectively. The region between arrows (b and c) indicate parietal bones with osteoblast differentiation. Box (a), magnified area shown in panels b and c. cc, cerebral cortex; pb, parietal bone; tc, temporal cartilages; ep, epithelium. Scale bar, 200 μm. (B) Activation of endogenous FGFR3 by E47 overexpression. MG63 cells were transfected with pCMV-E47 and pnGFP and maintained in DMEM containing 2% FBS for 72 h. The cells were fixed and stained for FGFR3 (rhodamine; b) and DNA (DAPI; c). pnGFP (fluorescein; a) was used as a marker to visualize the transfected cells. DAPI was used for counterstaining to visualize the nucleus. Arrowheads, cells transfected with E47. Scale bar, 20 μm. (C) Effects of 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> with serum starvation on expression of endogenous FGFR3 in MG63 cells. Proliferating MG63 cells in DMEM containing 10% FBS (a) and G<sub>1</sub>-arrested MG63 cells in DMEM containing 0.1% FBS with 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> (b) were stained with antibodies for FGFR3 and observed under a confocal laser microscope. Scale bar, 20 μm. (D) ALP activity in MG63 cells. Cells were transfected with either pCMV-E12, pCMV-Twist, or empty vector and cultured with or without 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> for 96 h. The cells were harvested, and cell extracts were prepared for determining ALP activities. Values are means with standard errors of three independent experiments.</div>
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<p> FIG. 9 </p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Regulation of p21 and FGFR3… </p></div>
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<p> FIG. 9 </p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Regulation of p21 and FGFR3 expression by E2A, Twist, Ids, and CBP during… </p></div>
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FIG. 9
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Regulation of p21 and FGFR3 expression by E2A, Twist, Ids, and CBP during osteoblast differentiation. Based on our results, we propose a regulatory mechanism by which expression of p21 and FGFR3 is controlled by E2A proteins, inhibitory HLH proteins, and coactivator CBP. E2A proteins are activators for both the <i>p21</i> and <i>FGFR3</i> genes. Twist inhibits the function of the E2A-CBP complex. The model provides the integrated regulation of the expression of p21 necessary for G<sub>1</sub> arrest of the cell cycle and the expression of FGFR3 as a signal molecule for maturation of osteoblasts. Dysfunction of Twist and overactivation of FGFR3 signaling result in craniosynostosis because of the acceleration of bone differentiation. Twist alters the expression of FGFR3, thereby providing a direct link between the Twist and FGFR3 pathways.</div>
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Blotting, Western
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Bromodeoxyuridine / metabolism
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Cell Differentiation
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cell Differentiation"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Cell Division
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cell Division"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in PubMed
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cell Line"
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aria-expanded="false"
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Cell Line
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cell Line"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Cell+Line%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Cell+Line%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
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data-search-term=""Cell Line"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Culture Media, Serum-Free / pharmacology
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Cyclins / genetics
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
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Search in MeSH
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Cyclins / metabolism
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cyclins / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Models, Genetic
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-21"
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Models, Genetic"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Models%2C+Genetic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Models%2C+Genetic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Osteoblasts / cytology*
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Osteoblasts / metabolism*
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Promoter Regions, Genetic
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Protein Binding
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Protein Binding"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases*
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Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3
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Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / metabolism
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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|
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction"
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aria-expanded="false"
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Signal Transduction
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-32"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-href="/?term=%22Signal+Transduction%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Signal Transduction"[MeSH]"
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Signal Transduction"[MeSH]"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Skull / embryology"
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Skull / embryology
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Skull / embryology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Skull / pathology
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-34"
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Skull / pathology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Skull%2Fpathology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Skull%2Fpathology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / chemistry*"
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tabindex="0"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Transcription Factors / chemistry*
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-35"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / chemistry*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Transcription Factors/chemistry"[MAJR]"
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Search in MeSH
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data-search-term=""Transcription Factors/chemistry"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / metabolism*"
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tabindex="0"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-36"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors / metabolism*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Transcription Factors/metabolism"[MAJR]"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Transcription Factors/metabolism"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Transcription Factors/metabolism"[MAJR]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription, Genetic"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-37"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Transcription, Genetic
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-37"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription, Genetic"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Transcription%2C+Genetic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Transcription%2C+Genetic%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Transcription, Genetic"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Transcription, Genetic"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Transcription, Genetic"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transfection"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-38"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Transfection
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-38"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transfection"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Transfection%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Transfection%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Transfection"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Transfection">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Transfection"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Transfection">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Transfection"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Transfection"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Twist-Related Protein 1"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-39"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Twist-Related Protein 1
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-39"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Twist-Related Protein 1"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22Twist-Related+Protein+1%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Twist-Related+Protein+1%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Twist-Related Protein 1"[MeSH]"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-ga-category="search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
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</div>
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
Substances
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors"
|
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Basic+Helix-Loop-Helix+Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Basic+Helix-Loop-Helix+Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="substance"
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data-ga-label="Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Basic+Helix-Loop-Helix+Transcription+Factors%22"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="substance_link"
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data-ga-label="Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors"[nm]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword CDKN1A protein, human"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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CDKN1A protein, human
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword CDKN1A protein, human"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="/?term=%22CDKN1A+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22CDKN1A+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="CDKN1A protein, human"[nm]"
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data-ga-action="substance"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""CDKN1A protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""CDKN1A protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media, Serum-Free"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Culture Media, Serum-Free
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media, Serum-Free"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%2C+Serum-Free%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%2C+Serum-Free%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Culture Media, Serum-Free"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="Culture Media, Serum-Free">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Culture+Media%2C+Serum-Free%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Culture Media, Serum-Free">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Culture Media, Serum-Free"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Culture Media, Serum-Free"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-3"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-3"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+Inhibitor+p21%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+Inhibitor+p21%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Cyclin-Dependent+Kinase+Inhibitor+p21%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cyclins"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-4"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Cyclins
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-4"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cyclins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Cyclins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Cyclins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Cyclins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="Cyclins">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Cyclins%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Cyclins">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Cyclins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Cyclins"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword DNA-Binding Proteins"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-5"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
DNA-Binding Proteins
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-5"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword DNA-Binding Proteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22DNA-Binding+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22DNA-Binding+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="DNA-Binding Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="DNA-Binding Proteins">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22DNA-Binding+Proteins%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="DNA-Binding Proteins">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""DNA-Binding Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""DNA-Binding Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Nuclear Proteins"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-6"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Nuclear Proteins
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-6"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Nuclear Proteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Nuclear+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Nuclear+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Nuclear Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="substance"
|
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data-ga-label="Nuclear Proteins">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Nuclear+Proteins%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Nuclear Proteins">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Nuclear Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Nuclear Proteins"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-7"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-7"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Receptors%2C+Fibroblast+Growth+Factor%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Receptors%2C+Fibroblast+Growth+Factor%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
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data-ga-label="Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Receptors%2C+Fibroblast+Growth+Factor%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword TWIST1 protein, human"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-8"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
TWIST1 protein, human
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-8"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword TWIST1 protein, human"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22TWIST1+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22TWIST1+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="TWIST1 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
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data-ga-label="TWIST1 protein, human">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22TWIST1+protein%2C+human%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="TWIST1 protein, human">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""TWIST1 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""TWIST1 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-9"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Transcription Factors
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-9"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcription Factors"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Transcription Factors"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Transcription+Factors%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Transcription Factors">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Transcription Factors"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Transcription Factors"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Twist-Related Protein 1"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-10"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Twist-Related Protein 1
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-10"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Twist-Related Protein 1"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Twist-Related+Protein+1%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Twist-Related+Protein+1%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Twist-Related Protein 1"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="Twist-Related Protein 1">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Twist-Related+Protein+1%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Twist-Related Protein 1">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Twist-Related Protein 1"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Twist-Related Protein 1"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword FGFR3 protein, human"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-11"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
FGFR3 protein, human
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-11"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword FGFR3 protein, human"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22FGFR3+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22FGFR3+protein%2C+human%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="FGFR3 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="FGFR3 protein, human">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22FGFR3+protein%2C+human%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="FGFR3 protein, human">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""FGFR3 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""FGFR3 protein, human"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Protein-Tyrosine Kinases"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-12"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-12"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
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