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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2016</h1>
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<div class="innards">
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<h1>Iraq</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 1,166 dinars.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956 (provident fund).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1971 (social insurance), 2014 (retirement), and 2014 (social assistance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for public-sector employees and military and police personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance (social welfare program):</span> Citizens and residents of Iraq with household per capita income below the national poverty line.</p>
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<p>The national per capita poverty line is 105,000 dinars a month (2014).</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 4.1% of monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions is based on the minimum wage in the insured's profession.</p>
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<p>The insured's contributions also finance sickness, maternity, and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 9.9% of monthly payroll; 15% of monthly payroll for employers in the oil sector.</p>
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<p>The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions is based on the minimum wage in the insured's profession.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> A subsidy may be provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women) with at least 20 years of contributions; at any age with at least 30 years (men) or 25 years (women) of contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad in certain cases.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women) and does not meet the contribution requirements for a social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program <span class="nobr">old-age</span> allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women), unable to work, and does not qualify for any social insurance pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Assessed with a permanent or <span class="nobr">long-term</span> loss of working capacity of at least 91%.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: Assessed with a permanent or <span class="nobr">long-term</span> loss of working capacity of 35% to 90%.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program disability allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> Unable to work due to illness or physical or mental disability and does not qualify for any social insurance pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive a social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or full disability pension (assessed disability of at least 91%) at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> orphans, a dependent mother, father, sister, or brother.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program survivor allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> Paid to widows and divorced women older than age 63, to women who were abandoned by their husbands or whose husbands are missing, and to full orphans younger than age 18. Must not qualify for any social insurance pension.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> 2.5% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last three years multiplied by the number of months of contributions, divided by 12 is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of the average monthly earnings paid in the last three years times the number of years of service, is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program <span class="nobr">old-age</span> allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> The difference between monthly household per capita income and 105,000 dinars is paid, up to 420,000 dinars a month for a family with at least four members.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> 2.5% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last three years times the number of months of contributions, divided by 12 is paid.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: A percentage of the full pension is paid according to the assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program disability allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> The difference between monthly household per capita income and 105,000 dinars is paid, up to 420,000 dinars a month for a family with at least four members.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension (social insurance):</span> 60% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a surviving spouse.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> 40% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for each son younger than age 17 (age 27 if a student; no limit if disabled) and each unmarried daughter younger than age 17; 60% for a full orphan.</p>
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<p>If there are no other survivors, 40% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a dependent mother, father, sister, or brother.</p>
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<p>The maximum total combined survivor pension is 100% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program survivor allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> The difference between monthly household per capita income and 105,000 dinars is paid, up to 420,000 dinars a month for a family with at least four members.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Department of Social Security and Pensions for Workers administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Social Protection Authority Administers the social assistance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of Planning determines the national poverty line.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956 (provident fund) and 1987 (labor code).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1971 (social insurance) and 2015 (labor code).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Cash and medical benefits.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash benefits:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Exclusions:</span> Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for public-sector employees and military and police personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Citizens of Iraq.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> 1% of monthly payroll; 3% for employers in the oil industry.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> A subsidy may be provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash and medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Must provide a medical certificate for cash sickness benefits.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> 75% of the insured's average earnings during the three months before the incapacity began is paid after an eight-day waiting period (the employer pays 100% of the insured's average earnings during the first eight days) for up to six months (may be extended to two years at 100% of the insured's average earnings for incurable or malignant diseases).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 100% of the insured's earnings is paid for 14 weeks, beginning up to eight weeks before the expected date of childbirth; may be extended for up to nine months for multiple births or if there are complications resulting from childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> If leaving employment because of pregnancy, a lump sum of one month's benefit for each year of contributions is paid.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Government health care centers and hospitals funded by the Department of Social Security and Pensions for Workers provide health care services. Benefits include general and specialist care, hospitalization, surgery, medicines, <span class="nobr">X-rays,</span> appliances, laboratory services, and rehabilitation.</p>
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<p>A small private health care sector exists.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Department of Social Security and Pensions for Workers administers the programs.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1936.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1971 (social insurance) and 2015 (labor code).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<p>Note: This information is more than 10 years old.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for public-sector employees and military and police personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of monthly payroll; 3% for employers in the oil industry.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> A subsidy may be provided.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p>There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>100% of the insured's last earnings before the disability began (and the insured paid contributions) is paid after an eight-day waiting period until recovery or certification of permanent disability. The employer must pay full wages for the first eight days after the disability began.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> 80% of the insured's average earnings is paid if the insured is assessed with a total disability.</p>
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<p>The minimum disability pension is the minimum wage in the insured's profession.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: For an assessed disability of at least 32%, a percentage of the full pension is paid according to the assessed degree of disability; for an assessed disability of less than 32%, a lump sum of four years' of the insured's partial disability pension is paid.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>The Ministry of Health, local authorities, and private clinics provide health care services. Benefits include general medical care, home visits, surgery, specialist care, hospitalization, and prescribed medicines.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 60% of the permanent total disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid. A lump sum of four years of the partial disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to the widow or to a dependent disabled widower.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 40% of the pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid (60% if a full orphan) for each son younger than age 17 (age 27 if a student; no limit if disabled) and each unmarried daughter under age 17.</p>
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<p>If there are no other survivors, 40% of the deceased's pension is paid for a dependent mother, father, sister, or brother younger than age 16.</p>
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<p>The maximum survivor pension is 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Department of Social Security and Pensions for Workers administers contributions and benefits.</p>
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<h2>Unemployment</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p>Labor law (2015) requires employers to provide severance pay in cases of company closure or downsizing, death of the employer or employee, mutual termination of a contract, employee resignation or retirement, prolonged illness (more than six months) or incapacity (at least 75%). The amount is two weeks' pay for each year of service.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 2014 (social protection).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Citizens and residents of Iraq with household per capita income below the national poverty line.</p>
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<p>The national per capita poverty line is 105,000 dinars a month (2014).</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program family allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> Paid to the family of a person who has been incarcerated for at least a year; an unmarried woman older than age 35 or older than age 18 and not living with her parents; a ward of the state; and married couples who are students. Must not qualify for any social insurance pension.</p>
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social welfare program family allowance (social assistance, means tested):</span> The difference between monthly household per capita income and 105,000 dinars is paid, up to 420,000 dinars a month for a family with at least four members.</p>
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<p>The allowance ceases if the insured leaves Iraq for more than six months or refuses to attend work training programs (if the insured is capable of work).</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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|
<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Social Protection Authority administers the program.</p>
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</div>
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</article>
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