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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2015</h1>
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<h1>Cape Verde</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00&nbsp;= 87.87&nbsp;escudos.</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1957 and 2006.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2003 (self-employed persons), 2004 (employed persons), 2006 (civil servants), 2006 (cooperatives), 2007 (municipal agents), 2007 (labor code), 2009 (self-employed persons), 2009 (household workers), 2010 (social pensions) and 2013 (social pensions).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Private- and public-sector employees (including civil servants of the Central Administration first employed after December&nbsp;31, 2005, and civil servants of the local administration after December&nbsp;31, 2007), self-employed, household workers, and certain business owners and cooperative employees.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Residents of Cape Verde not covered by social insurance.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 3% of gross monthly earnings plus 1% of gross monthly earnings for administrative fees.</p>
<p>The insured person's administrative fees also finance administrative fees for sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 10% of gross monthly earnings plus 1.5% of gross monthly earnings for administrative fees.</p>
<p>The self-employed person's administrative fees also finance administrative fees for sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 7% of gross monthly payroll plus 1% of gross monthly payroll for administrative fees; for micro and small enterprises, 2.8% of volume of sales (for all branches) plus 3% of gross monthly payroll.</p>
<p>The employer's administrative fees also finance administrative fees for sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost of social and disability pensions.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> Age&nbsp;65 (men) or age&nbsp;60 (women) with at least seven years of contributions (gradually rising by one year each year until reaching 10&nbsp;years of contributions in 2018; 15&nbsp;years from 2019).</p>
<p>The pension is payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Must be assessed with a disability of at least 66.7% or a loss of earning capacity of at least 33.3% and have at least five years of contributions.</p>
<p>The pension is payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension or had at least 36&nbsp;months of contributions at the time of death.</p>
<p>Eligible spouses include a widow older than age&nbsp;50 or disabled, and a widower older than age&nbsp;55.</p>
<p>The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension or had at least 36&nbsp;months of contributions at the time of death.</p>
<p>The benefit is paid to the deceased's disabled child(ren).</p>
<p>A temporary survivor pension is paid for up to five years to a widow younger than age&nbsp;50, a widower younger than age&nbsp;55, and children aged&nbsp;18 to 25 who are students.</p>
<p>The pension is payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Social pension (social assistance):</span> Age&nbsp;60.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social assistance):</span> Aged&nbsp;18 to 60 and assessed as permanently disabled.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social assistance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive a social pension or social assistance disability pension.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> who was living with the deceased or any legal heir; aged&nbsp;18 to 60.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social assistance):</span> The deceased had received a social pension or social assistance disability pension for at least six months.</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> 16% (gradually decreasing by 1% each year until reaching 13% in 2018) of the insured's covered average monthly earnings plus 1.5% of the insured's covered average monthly earnings for each year of contribution. (From 2019, 2% of the insured's covered average monthly earnings for each year of contribution.)</p>
<p>The average earnings used to calculate benefits are the six best years in the last 10&nbsp;years of contributions. (From 2019, the 10 best years in the last 15&nbsp;years of contributions; also, past earnings will be adjusted using the consumer price index.)</p>
<p>The minimum monthly pension is 6,000&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly pension is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted periodically according to changes in the average salary of civil servants.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Social pension (social assistance):</span> 5,000&nbsp;escudos a month.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> 16% (decreasing gradually by 1% each year until reaching 13% in 2018) of the insured's covered average monthly earnings plus 1.5% of the insured's covered average monthly earnings for each year of contribution. (From 2019, 2% of the insured's covered average monthly earnings for each year of contribution.)</p>
<p>The average earnings used to calculate benefits are the six best years in the last 10&nbsp;years of contributions. (From 2019, the 10 best years in the last 15&nbsp;years of contributions; also, past earnings will be adjusted using the consumer price index.)</p>
<p>The minimum monthly pension is 6,000&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly pension is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted periodically according to changes in the average salary of civil servants.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social assistance):</span> 5,000&nbsp;escudos a month.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension (social insurance):</span> 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> 25% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for each orphan; 50% for each full orphan.</p>
<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted periodically according to changes in the average salary of civil servants.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social assistance):</span> 5,000&nbsp;escudos a month is paid for 12&nbsp;months if the eligible survivor is aged&nbsp;18 to 45; for life if the eligible survivor is older than 45.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social assistance):</span> 7,000&nbsp;escudos is paid.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Youth, Employment and Human Resources development (http://www.mjedrh.gov.cv) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Institute (<a href="https://inps.cv/">http://www.inps.cv</a>) administers the program.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1976.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2003 (self-employed persons), 2004 (employed persons), 2006 (civil servants), 2006 (cooperatives), 2006 (mutual fund for social pensioners), 2007 (municipal agents), 2007 (labor code), 2009 (self-employed persons), and 2009 (household workers).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Private- and public-sector employees, self-employed, and household workers.</p>
<p>Business owners, cooperative employees, pensioners, and recipients of social insurance benefits are covered for medical benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Residents of Cape Verde not covered by social insurance.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 4% of gross monthly earnings plus administrative fees (see Old Age, Disability, and Survivors).</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> 2% of the monthly social pension or social assistance disability pension (for funeral grant and medical benefits).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 8% of gross monthly earnings plus administrative fees (see Old Age, Disability, and Survivors).</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 4% of gross monthly payroll plus administrative fees (see Old Age, Disability, and Survivors).</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness and maternity benefits (social insurance):</span> The insured must have at least four months of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social assistance):</span> The beneficiary received a social pension or social assistance disability pension for at least six months.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social assistance):</span> The beneficiary&nbsp;received a social pension or social assistance disability pension for at least six months.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (social insurance):</span> 70% of the insured's average earnings in the last four months is paid from the fourth day of the illness for up to 1,095&nbsp;days. The employer pays 100% of earnings for the first three days. If the sickness lasts longer than 30&nbsp;days, a medical board must evaluate the insured's health status.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (social insurance):</span> 90% of the insured's average earnings in the last four months is paid for up to 60&nbsp;days. The benefit is paid as a lump sum. (A nursing allowance is paid under Family Allowances.)</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social assistance):</span> 7,000&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Benefits include general and specialist care, surgery, hospitalization, laboratory services, doctor's home visits, medicine, prostheses, and dental care.</p>
<p>The Ministry of Health provides medical care directly through public clinics and hospitals. The National Social Insurance Institute reimburses certain treatments not available in public clinics and hospitals.</p>
<p>Cost sharing: Insured persons pay 15%, 25%, 45%, or 50% of the cost of medicine, according to a schedule in law; pensioners pay 5%, 15%, 40%, or 45%. Medicine is free for low-income pensioners. Insured persons and pensioners pay 30% to 50% of the cost of dental care and 20%, 25%, 30%, or 40% of the cost of prostheses and appliances. Low-income pensioners pay 15% less than insured persons and pensioners for dental care, prostheses, and appliances.</p>
<p>1,300&nbsp;escudos (1,700&nbsp;escudos for low-income pensioners) a day is paid if domestic travel is required; 2,300&nbsp;escudos (3,200 for low-income pensioners) when the pensioner is accompanied by an authorised person.</p>
<p>2,000&nbsp;escudos (3,200&nbsp;escudos for low-income pensioners) a day is paid for care abroad (if authorised by the Ministry of Health); 3,200&nbsp;escudos (5,000&nbsp;escudos for low-income pensioners) when the pensioner is accompanied by an authorised person.</p>
<p>Low-income pensioners are persons earning less than 2.5&nbsp;times the monthly minimum wage for public-sector workers.</p>
<p>The monthly minimum wage for public-sector workers is 15,000&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social assistance):</span> Up to 2,500&nbsp;escudos is reimbursed for medicines.</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits for dependents (social insurance):</span> Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
<p>Eligible dependents include children up to age&nbsp;18 or receiving family allowances, a spouse or legal partner, dependent parents, and dependent grandparents.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Youth, Employment and Human Resources development (http://www.mjedrh.gov.cv) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Health Service administers the program.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Institute (<a href="https://inps.cv/">http://www.inps.cv</a>) pays cash benefits.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1960.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1978 (compulsory insurance) and 1991 (administration).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons; tenant farmers and sharecroppers; members of cooperative enterprises; apprentices and trainees; certain categories of volunteer workers; and certain categories of self-employed persons, including family members employed by them.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Company managers, owners, and shareholders.</p>
<p>Special system for civil servants.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 6% of covered monthly earnings.</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings used to calculate contributions are 300&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of covered monthly payroll for salaried employees or 6% of covered monthly payroll for all other workers; for household workers, 50&nbsp;escudos a month (full time) or 30&nbsp;escudos a month (part time).</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings used to calculate contributions are 300&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>If the insured is assessed with a total disability, 40% of the insured's earnings on the day the injury occurred (40% of average earnings in the last six months if those earnings differ from the insured's normal earnings) is paid for the first 14&nbsp;days; thereafter, 70%. For hospitalization, the benefit is 40% of the insured's earnings; 70% with dependents. The benefit is paid for up to 1,095&nbsp;days.</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings used to calculate benefits are 300&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p>Partial disability: 25% of the insured's earnings on the day the injury occurred is paid (40% of average earnings in the last six months if those earnings differ from the insured's normal earnings).</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured is assessed with a total (100%) disability, 70% of the insured's earnings on the day the injury occurred is paid from the day after the disability began (70% of average earnings in the last six months if those earnings differ from the insured's normal earnings). The employer pays the insured's earnings for the day of the work injury.</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings used to calculate benefits are 300&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: If the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions, 30% of the insured's earnings is paid.</p>
<p>Partial disability: For an assessed degree of disability of 10% to 99%, a percentage of the full disability pension is paid according to the assessed degree of disability.</p>
<p>The degree of disability is assessed according to a schedule in law.</p>
<p>The insured may be required to undergo medical examinations every six months during the first two years; thereafter, every year.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted for changes in the cost of living, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Benefits include medical treatment, surgery, hospitalization, prostheses, appliances, and transportation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 30% of the deceased's earnings on the day the injury occurred (30% of the deceased's average earnings in the last six months if those earnings differ from normal earnings) is paid.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include a dependent widow, a dependent widower older than age&nbsp;64 or disabled, and a divorced spouse receiving alimony. If there is more than one eligible divorced spouse, the pension is split equally.</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings used to calculate benefits are 300&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<p>The pension ceases if the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> remarries or cohabits.</p>
<p>Remarriage allowance: A lump sum of one year of the pension is paid.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 15% of the deceased's earnings is paid for each dependent child up to age&nbsp;18 (age&nbsp;24 if a student, no limit if disabled); 45% for each full orphan.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors:</span> 10% of the deceased's earnings is paid to dependent parents, dependent grandparents, and dependent brothers and sisters up to age&nbsp;16.</p>
<p>The total monthly survivor pension for other eligible survivors is 30% of the deceased's earnings.</p>
<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 70% of the deceased's monthly earnings.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The cost of the funeral, up to 7,500&nbsp;escudos, is paid.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted for changes in the cost of living, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Youth, Employment and Human Resources development (http://www.mjedrh.gov.cv) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Private insurance companies administer the program.</p>
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1957.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2004 (employed persons).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Private- and public-sector employees (including civil servants of the Central Administration first employed after December&nbsp;31, 2005, and civil servants of the local administration after December&nbsp;31, 2007).</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3% of gross monthly payroll.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> Children must be younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;25 if a student, no limit if disabled). The allowance is also paid for the insured's parents if each parent's income is less than the monthly minimum wage for public-sector workers.</p>
<p>The&nbsp;monthly minimum wage for public-sector workers is 15,000&nbsp;escudos.</p>
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 500&nbsp;escudos a month is paid for each eligible dependent; 2,000&nbsp;escudos a month for each disabled child younger than age&nbsp;14; 3,000&nbsp;escudos a month for each disabled child aged&nbsp;14 or older. The allowance is paid for up to four children; the limit on the number of children is waived if the insured is deceased and the mother is an unemployed widow.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Nursing allowance:</span> A lump sum of 1,500&nbsp;escudos a month is paid for six months.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The cost of the funeral, up to 30,000&nbsp;escudos, is paid when the insured, the insured's spouse, or children older than age&nbsp;14 dies; 20,000&nbsp;escudos for children aged&nbsp;5 to 14; 12,000&nbsp;escudos for children younger than age&nbsp;5.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically (the last adjustment took place in January&nbsp;2011).</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Youth, Employment and Human Resources development (http://www.mjedrh.gov.cv) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Institute (<a href="https://inps.cv/">http://www.inps.cv</a>) administers the program.</p>
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