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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2010</h1>
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<h1>Saudi Arabia</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 3.75&nbsp;riyals.</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1969 (social insurance), implemented in 1973.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2000 (social insurance), implemented in 2001.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Private-sector and some categories of public-sector Saudi workers.</p>
<p>Voluntary coverage for persons who are self-employed, are working abroad, or no longer satisfy the conditions for compulsory coverage.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Agricultural workers, fishermen, household workers, family labor, and foreign workers.</p>
<p>Special system for civil servants and military personnel. Under certain conditions, former contributors under the civil and military scheme may request to have contribution periods credited toward the public social insurance scheme.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 9% of gross earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 1,500&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 45,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 18% of declared income.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 1,200&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 45,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 9% of payroll.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 1,500&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 45,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> An annual subsidy and any operating deficit.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> pension:</span> Age&nbsp;60 (men) or age&nbsp;55 (women) with at least 120&nbsp;months of paid or credited contributions (credited contributions must not exceed 60&nbsp;months).</p>
<p>Age&nbsp;55 (men) with at least 120&nbsp;months of contributions if in arduous or unhealthy work.</p>
<p>At any age with at least 300&nbsp;months of contributions and if no longer covered by the program.</p>
<p>Retirement from covered employment is necessary.</p>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> settlement:</span> Paid if the insured does not satisfy the qualifying conditions for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Assessed with an incapacity for work before age&nbsp;60. Must have at least 12 consecutive months of contributions or 18 nonconsecutive months of contributions (twice this amount for voluntarily insured persons who joined the scheme at age&nbsp;50 or older). The disability must begin while the insured is in covered employment.</p>
<p>If no longer in covered employment when the disability began, the pension is paid with at least 120&nbsp;months of paid or credited contributions (credited contributions must not exceed 60&nbsp;months).</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions. The General Organization for Social Insurance's medical board assesses the need for constant attendance.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement:</span> Paid if the insured does not qualify for a disability pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased was in covered employment at the time of death and had at least 3 consecutive months of contributions or 6 nonconsecutive months of contributions (12 consecutive months or 18 nonconsecutive months for voluntarily insured persons who first joined the scheme when aged&nbsp;50 or older); or was a pensioner.</p>
<p>If the deceased was no longer in covered employment at the time of death and was not a pensioner, the pension is paid with at least 120&nbsp;months of paid or credited contributions (credited contributions must not exceed 60&nbsp;months).</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>; a dependent son younger than age&nbsp;21 (age&nbsp;26 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student); a dependent, unmarried daughter; and brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, and grandchildren in certain circumstances.</p>
<p>The pension for a female survivor ceases upon marriage but may be reinstated if she is subsequently divorced or widowed.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> Paid to eligible survivors if the deceased did not satisfy the qualifying conditions for a pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Marriage grant:</span> Paid upon marriage to a widow or an eligible daughter, sister, or granddaughter.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Death grant:</span> Paid to eligible survivors.</p>
<h3><span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> pension:</span> The pension is 2.5% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last 2&nbsp;years for each year of contributions, up to 100%.</p>
<p>The average monthly earnings used to calculate benefits must not exceed 150% of the insured's monthly earnings at the beginning of the last <span class="nobr">5-year</span> contribution period.</p>
<p>If the insured's monthly earnings decrease during the last 2&nbsp;years before retirement, special provisions apply to adjust the average monthly earnings used to calculate benefits.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 1,725&nbsp;riyals a month.</p>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid of 10% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last 2&nbsp;years before retirement for each month of the first 5&nbsp;years of contributions plus 12% for each additional month.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cost of living allowance:</span> 5% of the first 25,000&nbsp;riyals of the pension benefit is paid for a period of 3&nbsp;years.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> If the insured was in covered employment when the disability began, the pension is 2.5% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last 2&nbsp;years for each year of contributions, up to 100%.</p>
<p>The average monthly earnings used to calculate benefits must not exceed 150% of the insured's monthly earnings at the beginning of the last <span class="nobr">5-year</span> contribution period.</p>
<p>If the insured's monthly earnings decrease during the last 2&nbsp;years before the disability began, special provisions apply to adjust the average monthly earnings used to calculate benefits.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is the insured's average monthly earnings or 1,725&nbsp;riyals a month, whichever is greater.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: 50% of the disability pension is paid.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid of 10% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last 2&nbsp;years before the disability began for each month of the first 5&nbsp;years of contribution plus 12% for each additional month.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> If there are three or more survivors, the pension is 100% of the pension the deceased received or would have been entitled to receive; 75% for two dependents; 50% for one dependent. The pension is split equally among eligible survivors.</p>
<p>The minimum individual survivor pension is 345&nbsp;riyals a month.</p>
<p>The minimum combined survivor pension is 1,725&nbsp;riyals a month or the deceased's average monthly earnings used to calculate the pension, whichever is greater.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid of 10% of the insured's average monthly earnings during the last 2&nbsp;years before death for each month of the first 5&nbsp;years of contributions plus 12% for each additional month.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Marriage grant:</span> A grant is paid of 18&nbsp;times the survivor's monthly pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Death grant:</span> A lump sum of 3&nbsp;months of pension is split equally among eligible survivors.</p>
<p>The maximum death grant is 10,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Labor (http://www.mol.gov.sa) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>General Organization for Social Insurance (<a href="http://www.gosi.gov.sa">http://www.gosi.gov.sa</a>) administers the law and program through district offices.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1969 (social insurance), implemented in 1973.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2000 (social insurance), implemented in 2001.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Private-sector Saudi and non-Saudi employees.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of payroll.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 400&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 45,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> An annual subsidy and any operating deficit.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period for a work injury or an occupational disease. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>The benefit is 100% of the insured's daily wage; 75% if receiving inpatient treatment in a medical center at the expense of the General Organization for Social Insurance. The benefit is paid for each day that the insured is not able to work.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If assessed with a total disability, Saudi insured persons receive 100% of average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Average monthly earnings are based on the <span class="nobr">3-month</span> period immediately before the disability began.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 1,725&nbsp;riyals a month.</p>
<p>If assessed with a total disability, non-Saudi insured persons receive a lump sum of 84&nbsp;months of permanent disability pension, up to 330,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: 50% of the disability pension is paid (up to 3,500&nbsp;riyals) if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions. The General Organization for Social Insurance's medical board assesses the need for constant attendance.</p>
<p>Partial disability: If assessed with a disability of less than 50%, Saudi insured persons receive a lump sum equal to a percentage of the full pension based on the assessed degree of disability and age.</p>
<p>For an assessed degree of disability of less than 50% that began when the insured was aged&nbsp;40 or younger, a lump sum is paid of 60&nbsp;months of pension multiplied by the assessed degree of disability; if the disability began when the insured was older than age&nbsp;40, the lump sum is reduced by 1&nbsp;month of pension for each year older than age&nbsp;40.</p>
<p>The minimum partial disability lump sum is based on 36&nbsp;months of pension.</p>
<p>The maximum partial disability lump sum is 165,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<p>If assessed with a disability of 50% to 99%, Saudi insured persons receive a pension equal to the permanent disability pension amount (see above) multiplied by the assessed degree of disability.</p>
<p>The General Organization for Social Insurance's medical board assesses the degree of disability.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>All necessary medical, dental, and diagnostic treatment; hospitalization; medicine; appliances; transportation; and rehabilitation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> If there are three or more survivors, the pension is 100% of the pension the deceased received or would have been entitled to receive; 75% for two dependents; 50% for one dependent. The pension is split equally among eligible survivors.</p>
<p>The minimum individual survivor pension is 345&nbsp;riyals a month.</p>
<p>The minimum combined survivor pension is 1,725&nbsp;riyals a month.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include dependent sons, brothers, and grandsons of the deceased younger than age&nbsp;21 (age&nbsp;26 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student); a widow, unmarried daughters, sisters, and granddaughters; parents; and grandparents.</p>
<p>The pension for a female survivor ceases on marriage but may be reinstated if she is subsequently divorced or widowed.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Marriage grant:</span> A grant of 18&nbsp;times the survivor's monthly pension is paid upon marriage to a widow or an eligible daughter, sister, or granddaughter.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Death grant:</span> A lump sum of 3&nbsp;months of pension is split equally among eligible survivors.</p>
<p>The maximum death grant is 10,000&nbsp;riyals.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Labor (http://www.mol.gov.sa) provides general supervision.</p>
<p>General Organization for Social Insurance (<a href="http://www.gosi.gov.sa">http://www.gosi.gov.sa</a>) administers the law and program through district offices.</p>
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