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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2011</h1>
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<h1>Trinidad and Tobago</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 6.35 Trinidad and Tobago dollars (<abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance); and 1971 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension, survivor pension, and funeral grant for persons younger than age 60 who cease to work in covered employment.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$520 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Needy persons with little or no means of support.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social Insurance</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> 3.2% of covered weekly or monthly earnings (January 2010) or one third of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes. The voluntarily insured contribute 10.8% of covered earnings (January 2010).</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,915.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> 6.4% of covered weekly or monthly payroll (January 2010) or two thirds of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is 10.8% (rising to 11.4% in January 2012) of covered weekly or monthly earnings or payroll, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social Assistance</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> Age 60 with at least 750 weeks of contributions paid or credited.</p>
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<p>Retirement is not necessary if aged 65 or older.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> Age 60 and does not meet the qualifying conditions for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>Retirement is not necessary if aged 65 or older.</p>
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<p>Old-age benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (social assistance):</span> Aged 65 or older with at least 20 years of residence in Trinidad and Tobago and monthly income not exceeding <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,800.</p>
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<p>The social assistance pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Younger than age 60, assessed with an incapacity to work, and has at least 150 weeks of contributions, including 50 weeks in the three years immediately before the disability began; 250 weeks in the seven years immediately before the disability began; or 750 weeks of contributions immediately before the disability began.</p>
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<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> The insured must have a medically certified permanent disability with monthly income not exceeding <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,000.</p>
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<p>The social assistance disability pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least 50 weeks of contributions or was a pensioner.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors are a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>, unmarried children up to age 19, and dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least 25 weeks of contributions.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> 30% to 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings is paid according to 16 wage classes, plus 0.56% to 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,000 a month.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of three times the total insured person and employer contributions is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum <span class="nobr">old-age</span> settlement is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (social assistance):</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,000 a month is paid, depending on income.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> 30% to 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings is paid according to 16 wage classes, plus 0.56% to 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>There is no minimum disability pension.</p>
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<p>The disability pension is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension at age 60.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,300 a month is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> 60% of the disability pension the deceased received or was eligible to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>.</p>
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<p>The minimum <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$400 a month.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum of 52 weeks of benefit is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> 30% of the disability pension the deceased received or was eligible to receive is paid to each orphan until age 16 (age 19 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student); 60% for a full orphan.</p>
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<p>The minimum orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$400 a month; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$800 for a full orphan.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension (social insurance):</span> 30% of the deceased's pension is paid to one dependent parent or is split equally between two dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The minimum dependent parent's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$200 a month.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$5,000 is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision of the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance); and 1971 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$520 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.22% of covered weekly or monthly earnings (January 2010) or one third of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,915.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.44% of covered weekly or monthly earnings (January 2010) or two thirds of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,915.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> The insured must have at least 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the incapacity began.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> The insured must have at least 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth; or be receiving sickness benefits in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> Paid if the pregnancy lasts at least 26 weeks. Also paid for each birth in the case of multiple births. May be paid based on the father's contributions if the mother's are insufficient.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> 60% of average weekly earnings before the incapacity began, according to 16 wage classes, is paid after a three-day waiting period for up to 52 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the incapacity began.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 60% of average weekly earnings in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth, according to 16 wage classes, is paid for up to 13 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,500 is paid.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory social insurance benefits are provided for nonwork-related medical conditions.</p>
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<p>Means-tested social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p>Means-tested social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision of the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1960 (workmen's compensation); and 1976 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system and employer liability system.</p>
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<p>Note: Employers are required to provide compensation to all employed persons for work injuries through the direct provision of lump sum benefits or the purchase of insurance premiums. If the work injury results in the death of the insured, benefits are paid to dependents that were wholly dependent on the insured.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social Insurance</span></p>
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<p>Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$520 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> 0.185% of covered weekly or monthly earnings (January 2010) or one third of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120.</p>
|
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,915.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> 0.370% of covered weekly or monthly payroll (January 2010) or two thirds of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
|
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$120.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,915.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. The insured person must not be working due to an incapacity for work as a result of a work injury or disease.</p>
|
|
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>66.6% of average weekly earnings, according to 16 wage classes, is paid for up to 52 weeks. There is no waiting period.</p>
|
|
<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
|
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<p>Benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
|
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
|
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<p><span class="h4">Social Insurance</span></p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured has an assessed degree of disability of at least 20%, the pension is a percentage of the temporary disability benefit, according to the assessed degree of disability.</p>
|
|
<p>The benefit is paid after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
|
|
<p>The insured's doctor assesses the degree of disability.</p>
|
|
<p>Partial disability benefit: If the insured has an assessed degree of disability of more than 3% but less than 20%, the benefit is a percentage of average weekly earnings, according to half the assessed degree of disability multiplied by the period of disability (up to 365 weeks).</p>
|
|
<p>The benefit is paid after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
|
|
<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>Benefits include medical expenses, including doctor and specialist fees, hospital expenses, medicine, operations, physiotherapy, appliances, and transportation costs.</p>
|
|
<p>Medical costs are reimbursed, up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$22,500 per injury.</p>
|
|
<p>The cost of magnetic resonance imaging is covered up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,000 per examination per body part.</p>
|
|
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Survivor pension:</span> 40% of the contribution paid by the deceased or the work injury benefit received by the deceased in the week before death is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>.</p>
|
|
<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$277.33 a month to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,319.33 a month, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: The pension ceases on remarriage, and a lump sum of 52 weeks of benefit is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 20% of the contribution paid by the deceased or the work injury benefit received by the deceased in the week before death is paid to each unmarried orphan up to age 19.</p>
|
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<p>The minimum orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$400 a month; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$640 for a full orphan.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Dependent parent's pension:</span> 20% of the contribution paid by the deceased or the work injury benefit received by the deceased in the week before death is paid to a dependent parent.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum dependent parent's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$200 a month per parent.</p>
|
|
<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$5,000 is paid.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
|
|
<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
|
|
<p>Judiciary of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (<a href="https://www.ttlawcourts.org">http://www.ttlawcourts.org</a>) adjudicates work injury claims under the employment liability system.</p>
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|
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1939 (social assistance).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Individuals and families assessed as needy.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (means-tested):</span> Paid to needy individuals and families with little or no means of support.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Public assistance:</span> Paid to families where the adult is unable to earn an income due to ill health, or for children if the father (or both parents) is deceased, incarcerated, disabled, or whose whereabouts is unknown.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> Paid to families to help pay for the cost of a burial.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Paid to help purchase clothing, including school uniforms and shoes for children. The grant is paid for up to four persons per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Paid to help purchase prescribed foodstuffs for persons diagnosed with certain ailments, such as diabetes or heart disease.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> Paid to persons aged 18 to 65 with a disability certified by a doctor. The person must have resided in Trinidad and Tobago for the last three years and have annual income less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$12,000.</p>
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|
<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Paid to families to help meet the cost of school fees, school transportation, and other essentials. The grant is paid for up to four children per household, based on family circumstances.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Provided to social assistance beneficiaries and citizens older than age 65.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Paid to persons unable to pay housing rental payments.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary medical aids, such as wheelchairs, eyeglasses, and hearing aids.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> Paid to help finance <span class="nobr">short-term</span> care at home.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary textbooks and writing material for school. The grant is paid for up to four children per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> Paid to parents of children up to age 18 with a mental or physical disability. The grant is paid for up to four children per household.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (means-tested):</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Public assistance:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,450 is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,000 is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 per person is paid for up to four persons per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,300 a month is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 a month per child is paid for up to four children per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Free travel on public transport for eligible persons.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,500 is paid directly to the beneficiary's landlord in a three-month period.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,500 is paid. The purchase of any particular item may only be approved once in each <span class="nobr">two-year</span> period.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,800 a month is paid to the caregiver for up to three months.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> A <span class="nobr">one-time</span> sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 per child is paid for up to four children per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$800 a month is paid to parents for up to four children per household.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision of the social assistance program.</p>
|
|
</div>
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