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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2009</h1>
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<h1>Dominica</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 equals 2.70 East Caribbean dollars (<abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$).</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1970 (provident fund).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1975 (social security).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<p>Note: Social assistance benefits are administered by the Division of Social Welfare.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employees, self-employed persons, voluntary contributors, and apprentices aged&nbsp;16 to 60.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 4% of covered earnings.</p>
<p>There are no minimum earnings for contribution calculation purposes.</p>
<p>The maximum annual earnings for contribution calculation purposes are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$72,000.</p>
<p>The insured's contributions also finance sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 10% of declared net earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum annual earnings for contribution calculation purposes are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$7,200.</p>
<p>The maximum annual earnings for contribution calculation purposes are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$72,000.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 6.75% of covered payroll.</p>
<p>There are no minimum earnings for contribution calculation purposes.</p>
<p>The maximum annual earnings for contribution calculation purposes are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$72,000.</p>
<p>The employer's contributions also finance sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> pension:</span> Aged&nbsp;60 or older with at least 500&nbsp;weeks of paid or credited contributions, including at least 150&nbsp;paid weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Deferred pension: A deferred pension is possible.</p>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> grant:</span> Aged&nbsp;60 or older with at least 50&nbsp;weeks of contributions, but does not meet the qualifying conditions for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
<p><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> benefits are payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The insured must be younger than age&nbsp;60, be assessed with a permanent incapacity for work, and have at least 150&nbsp;weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> The insured must be younger than age&nbsp;60, be assessed as permanently incapable of work, and be ineligible for a disability pension.</p>
<p>Incapacity for work is assessed by a medical referee.</p>
<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad if the purpose of travel is to receive medical treatment.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension at the time of death.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors are the spouse; dependent children younger than age&nbsp;18 if unmarried and unemployed; and dependent parents and grandparents in the absence of either a spouse or dependent children.</p>
<p>The pension ceases if the surviving spouse remarries or cohabits.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased was ineligible for a pension but had at least 150&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The insured must satisfy the qualifying conditions for any <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability benefit. The grant is paid for the death of the insured, the insured's noninsured spouse, and the insured's dependent children younger than age&nbsp;18 if unmarried and unemployed.</p>
<h3><span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> pension:</span> The pension is 30% of the insured's average earnings plus 1% for each <span class="nobr">50-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 500&nbsp;weeks.</p>
<p>Average earnings are based on the insured's 10&nbsp;best years of earnings in the last 15&nbsp;years.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$35.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Deferred pension: The pension is increased by 6% for each complete year of deferral.</p>
<p><span class="h4"><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the insured's average weekly covered earnings is paid for each <span class="nobr">50-week</span> period of paid or credited contributions.</p>
<p>Average weekly covered earnings are based on total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The pension is 30% of the insured's average earnings plus 1% for each <span class="nobr">50-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 500&nbsp;weeks.</p>
<p>Average earnings are based on the insured's 10&nbsp;best years of earnings in the last 15&nbsp;years or the number of years worked if less than&nbsp;10.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly disability pension is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the insured's average weekly covered earnings is paid for each <span class="nobr">50-week</span> period of paid or credited contributions.</p>
<p>Average weekly covered earnings are based on total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's pension is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> aged&nbsp;50 or older. If the surviving spouse was married to the deceased for less than 3&nbsp;years or is younger than age&nbsp;50, the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> receives a limited survivor pension for 1&nbsp;year or for as long as caring for dependent children.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> The pension is 25% of the deceased's pension for each of the first two orphans (33% if a full orphan or disabled). If there are more than two orphans, the total pension amount is split equally.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$50.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors (in the absence of the above):</span> 50% of the deceased's pension is paid to a dependent parent or grandparent.</p>
<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the deceased's average weekly covered earnings is paid for each <span class="nobr">50-week</span> period of paid or credited contributions.</p>
<p>Weekly covered earnings are based on total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum is paid to the person who pays for the funeral. <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$2,000 is paid for the death of the insured; <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$1,680 for the death of a noninsured spouse; and <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$840 for the death of a dependent child.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Finance and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Governed by the Social Security Board, Dominica Social Security (http://www.dss.dm) administers the social insurance program.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1975 (social security).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Cash benefits only.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons aged&nbsp;16 to 60, including self-employed persons and apprentices.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> Employees must have at least 13&nbsp;weeks of insured employment immediately before the incapacity began, including at least 8&nbsp;weeks of paid contributions. Self-employed persons must have at least 52&nbsp;weeks of insured employment immediately before the incapacity began, including at least 2&nbsp;quarters of paid contributions in the last 3&nbsp;consecutive quarters.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Employees must have at least 30&nbsp;weeks of contributions, including at least 20&nbsp;weeks in the <span class="nobr">30-week</span> period before maternity leave began. Self-employed persons must have at least 3&nbsp;quarters of paid contributions in the 4&nbsp;consecutive quarters before the quarter in which maternity leave began.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity grant:</span> Paid to an insured woman or a noninsured spouse of an insured man. Employees must have at least 26&nbsp;weeks of paid contributions in the <span class="nobr">52-week</span> period before the expected date of childbirth. Self-employed persons must have at least 3&nbsp;quarters of paid contributions in the 4&nbsp;consecutive quarters before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> The benefit is 60% of average weekly earnings in the last 13&nbsp;weeks and is paid from the first day of incapacity if the incapacity lasts beyond 4&nbsp;days. The benefit is paid for up to 26&nbsp;weeks.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> The benefit is 60% of average weekly earnings in the last 30&nbsp;weeks and is paid 6&nbsp;weeks before and 6&nbsp;weeks after the expected date of childbirth; in certain cases, the benefit may be paid from 3&nbsp;weeks before and up to 9&nbsp;weeks after the date of childbirth.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$500 is paid.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Finance and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Governed by the Social Security Board, Dominica Social Security (http://www.dss.dm) administers the program.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1938 (workmen's compensation).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1985 (employment injury and occupational diseases).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons aged&nbsp;16 to 60, including apprentices.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> The total cost, which is 1% of employees' gross earnings.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. The disability must last at least 4&nbsp;days.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>The benefit is 60% of average earnings in the last 13&nbsp;weeks and is paid until the disability ends, up to 26&nbsp;weeks. For an insured person with less than 13&nbsp;weeks of covered earnings, the benefit is calculated based on average earnings for the total number of covered weeks, with at least 2&nbsp;weeks used as the divisor.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability benefit:</span> The benefit is based on 60% of average earnings in the last 13&nbsp;weeks and the assessed degree of disability. For an insured person with less than 13&nbsp;weeks of covered earnings, the benefit is calculated based on average earnings for the total number of covered weeks, with at least 2&nbsp;weeks used as the divisor.</p>
<p>There is no maximum period for which the benefit is paid.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: If the insured is assessed with a 100% disability, the allowance is 50% of the permanent disability benefit. The allowance is suspended if the insured is hospitalized.</p>
<p>If the assessed degree of disability is greater than 1% but less than 30%, a lump sum is paid.</p>
<p>Incapacity for work is assessed by a medical referee.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Medical expenses are reimbursed up to <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$6,000 for local and overseas treatment.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's pension is paid to a fully or partially dependent <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>.</p>
<p>The pension ceases if the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> remarries or cohabits.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> The pension is 25% of the deceased's pension (33% if a full orphan or disabled) for each of the first two dependent children younger than age&nbsp;18 if unmarried and unemployed. If there are more than two orphans, the total pension amount is split equally.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$50.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors (in the absence of the above):</span> 50% of the deceased's pension is paid to a dependent parent or grandparent.</p>
<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum is paid to the person who pays for the funeral. <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$2,000 is paid for the death of the insured; <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$1,680 for the death of a noninsured spouse; and <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$840 for the death of a dependent child younger than age&nbsp;18 if unmarried and unemployed.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Finance and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Governed by the Social Security Board, Dominica Social Security (http://www.dss.dm) administers the program.</p>
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