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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2005</h1>
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<h1>Trinidad and Tobago</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: US$1.00 equals 6.19 Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TT$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance) and 1971 (social insurance), with amendments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons aged 16 to 64, including agricultural and domestic workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for the old-age pension, survivor pension, and funeral grant for persons younger than age 60 who cease to work in insured employment.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: The self-employed, persons who work less than 10 hours a week and earn less than TT$100 per week or TT$433 per month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted specific exemptions.</p>
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<p>There are no special systems for any specified groups of employees.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance (means-tested):</span> Citizens aged 65 or older with 20 years' residence; aged 40 or older if blind and needy.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<h4>Social insurance</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> 2.8% of gross weekly or monthly earnings, according to 12 wage classes. The voluntarily insured contribute 7.1% of weekly earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> 5.6% of weekly or monthly payroll, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h4>Social assistance</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> Total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> From age 60 with 750 weeks of contributions paid or credited (in 1972, workers were credited with 25 weeks of coverage for each year of age over 35; up to a maximum 600 weeks). An additional amount is paid for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions in excess of 750, excluding the age credits.</p>
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<p>Retirement is not necessary if aged 65 or older.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> The insured does not meet the qualifying conditions for a pension.</p>
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<p>Retirement is not necessary if aged 65 or older.</p>
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<p>Old-age benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested old-age pension (social assistance):</span> Aged 65 or older with 20 years' residence and monthly income not exceeding TT$1,000.</p>
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<p>The social assistance pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Assessed as incapable of work with 150 weeks of contributions, including 50 weeks of contributions in the 3 years immediately before the onset of disability; 250 weeks of contributions in the last 7 years immediately before the onset of disability; or 750 weeks of contributions immediately before the onset of disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement (social insurance):</span> The insured does not meet the qualifying conditions for a pension.</p>
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<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> Certified as blind, aged 40 or older, and with monthly income not exceeding TT$1,000.</p>
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<p>The social assistance pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least 50 contributions or was a pensioner.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors are a widow(er), children, and dependent parents.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The deceased had at least 25 contributions.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> The pension is equal to between 30% and 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings, according to 12 wage classes, plus between 0.56% and 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum old-age pension is TT$1,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum equal to three times the total employer and employee contributions is payable.</p>
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<p>The minimum settlement is TT$200.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested old-age pension (social assistance):</span> TT$1,050 or TT$1,150 a month, depending on income.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> The pension is equal to between 30% and 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings, according to 12 wage classes, plus between 0.56% and 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>There is no minimum disability pension.</p>
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<p>The disability pension is commuted to an old-age pension at age 60.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum equal to three times the total employer and employee contributions is payable.</p>
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<p>The minimum settlement is TT$200.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> TT$1,050 or TT$1,150 a month, depending on income.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> A <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> receives 60% of the disability pension paid or payable to the deceased.</p>
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<p>The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum equal to 52 weeks' benefit is payable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> Each orphan receives 30% of the deceased's pension (60% if a full orphan) until age 16 (age 19 if a full-time student).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is TT$320; TT$640 for a full orphan.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension (social insurance):</span> 30% of the deceased's pension is paid to one dependent parent or is split equally between two dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The maximum survivor pension is 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of TT$4,000 is payable to the person who pays for the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Office of the Prime Minister (Social Services Delivery), Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision of the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance) and 1971 (social insurance), with amendments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system. Cash and medical benefits.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons aged 16 to 64, including agricultural and domestic workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: The self-employed, persons who work less than 10 hours a week and earn less than TT$100 per week or TT$433 per month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted specific exemptions.</p>
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<p>There are no special systems for any specified groups of employees.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.3% of gross weekly or monthly earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.6% of weekly or monthly payroll, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> Must have 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the onset of incapacity.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Must have 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the last 6 weeks before the expected date of childbirth; receiving sickness benefits in the 13 weeks before the last 6 weeks before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> Paid if the pregnancy lasts at least 26 weeks.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> The benefit is equal to 60% of average weekly earnings before the onset of incapacity, according to 12 wage classes. The benefit is payable after a <span class="nobr">3-day</span> waiting period, for up to 52 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weekly contributions in the 13 weeks before the onset of incapacity.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> The benefit is equal to 60% of average weekly earnings in the 13 weeks before the last 6 weeks before the expected date of childbirth, according to 12 wage classes. The benefit is payable for a maximum of 13 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weekly contributions in the 13 weeks before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> A lump sum of TT$2,000.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory social insurance benefits are provided for nonwork-related medical conditions.</p>
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<p>Means-tested social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p>Means-tested social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Office of the Prime Minister (Social Services Delivery), Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision of the social insurance program and administers means-tested benefits.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1976 (social insurance), with amendments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including agricultural and domestic workers, apprentices, and public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: The self-employed, persons who work less than 10 hours a week and earn less than TT$100 per week or TT$433 per month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted specific exemptions.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.2% of gross weekly or monthly earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.4% of weekly or monthly payroll, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$130.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings for contribution purposes are TT$1,010.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>The benefit is equal to 66.6% of average weekly earnings, according to 12 wage classes. The benefit is payable for up to 52 weeks. There is no waiting period.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> With an assessed degree of disability of at least 20%, the pension is calculated as a percentage of the temporary disability benefit, according to the assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p>The benefit is payable after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
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<p>The degree of disability is assessed by the insured's doctor.</p>
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<p>Partial disability benefit: For an assessed degree of disability of less than 20%, the benefit is calculated as a percentage of average weekly earnings in proportion to half the assessed degree of disability multiplied by the period of disability (up to a maximum of 365 weeks).</p>
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<p>The minimum assessed degree of disability when calculating the partial disability benefit is 3%.</p>
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<p>The benefit is payable after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical expenses, including doctor and specialist fees and hospital expenses, drugs and dressings, minor and major operations, and transportation costs.</p>
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<p>Medical costs are reimbursed, up to a maximum of TT$18,000 per injury.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> A <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> receives 40% of the deceased's average weekly earnings.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum equal to 52 weeks' benefit is payable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> Each orphan receives 20% of the deceased's average weekly earnings until age 19.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is TT$320; TT$640 for a full orphan.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension:</span> 20% of the deceased's average weekly earnings are paid to one dependent parent or split equally between two dependent parents.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 12 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean territories and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> TT$2,000.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board (http://www.nibtt.co.tt), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1939 (social assistance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Individuals and families assessed as needy.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (means-tested):</span> Payable to needy individuals and families with little or no means of support.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> Paid to families to help pay for the cost of a funeral.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Paid to help purchase clothing, including school uniforms and shoes for children. The grant is payable for a maximum of four persons per household.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Paid to help purchase prescribed foodstuffs for person diagnosed with certain ailments, such as diabetes or heart disease.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> Paid to persons aged 18 to 65 who are certified as disabled by a doctor. The person must have been resident in Trinidad and Tobago for the last 3 years and have annual income less than TT$3,600.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Paid to families to help meet the cost of school fees, school transportation, and other essentials. The grant is payable for a maximum of four children per household. Monthly family income must be less than TT$5,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Provided to social assistance beneficiaries and citizens older than age 65.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Paid to persons unable to pay housing rental payments.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary medical aids, such as wheelchairs, eyeglasses, and hearing aids.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> Paid to help finance short-term care at home.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary textbooks and writing material for school. The grant is payable for a maximum of four children per household.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> Paid to parents of children up to age 18 with a mental or physical disability. The grant is payable for a maximum of four children per household.</p>
|
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<h4>Family allowances (means-tested):</h4>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> A lump sum of TT$3,450.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Up to TT$200 per person, for a maximum of four persons per household.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Up to TT$150 a month.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> A monthly grant of TT$800.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Up to TT$140 a month per child, for a maximum of four children per household.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Entitled persons receive free travel on public transport.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Up to TT$2,500 is provided in a <span class="nobr">3-month</span> period.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Up to TT$5,000.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> The selected caregiver receives TT$350 a month, for up to 3 months.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> TT$500 per child, for a maximum of four children per household.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> TT$300 a month is payable to parents, for a maximum of four children per household. The grant is reviewed annually by the local office of the National Insurance Board.</p>
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|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Office of the Prime Minister (Social Services Delivery) (http://www.socialservices.gov.tt/opmssd), Social Welfare Division, provides general supervision and administers the program.</p>
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