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2025-02-19 12:17:21 -08:00

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<div id="hLogo"><a class="navLogo" href="/policy/index.html">Social Security</a><a class="navSearch" href="https://search.ssa.gov/search?affiliate=ssa">SEARCH</a></div>
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<h1>Fast Facts&nbsp;&amp; Figures About Social Security, 2024</h1>
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<div id="breadcrumbs" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BreadcrumbList">You are here: <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="/" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Social Security Administration</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="1" /></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="/policy/index.html" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Research, Statistics &amp; Policy Analysis</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="2" /></span> &gt; <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="index.html" itemprop="item"><span itemprop="name">Fast Facts&nbsp;&amp; Figures About Social Security, 2024</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="3" /></span></div>
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<div class="abbr"><a href="#abbreviations">Abbreviations &raquo;</a></div>
<ul class="chartTabsNav ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-all">
<li id="highlights" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#pagei">Did You<br>Know That&hellip;</a></li>
<li id="generalinfo" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#contributions">General<br>Information</a></li>
<li id="oasdi" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#page5"><br><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> Program</a></li>
<li id="ssi" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#page19"><br><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Program</a></li>
<li id="crossprogram" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#page27">Cross-Program<br>Beneficiaries</a></li>
<li id="financing" class="ui-corner-top"><a href="#page30">Social Security<br>Financing</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="chartTabsPanel ui-corner-bottom">
<div id="highlightsSidebar" class="chartSidebar">&nbsp; </div>
<div id="generalinfoSidebar" class="chartSidebar">
<ul>
<li><a href="#contributions"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> &amp; <abbr class="spell">HI</abbr> Contributions</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#taxrates">Tax rates</a></li>
<li><a href="#taxespayable">Taxes payable</a></li>
<li><a href="#taxmax">Maximum taxable earnings</a></li>
<li><a href="#workcredits">Work credits</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#benefits"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> Benefits</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#benefitpayments">Benefit payments</a></li>
<li><a href="#cola">Cost-of-living adjustment</a></li>
<li><a href="#fra">Full retirement age</a></li>
<li><a href="#maxbenefit">Maximum benefit</a></li>
<li><a href="#bendpoints">Benefit formula bend points</a></li>
<li><a href="#awi">Average wage index</a></li>
<li><a href="#earningstest">Earnings test</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ssirates"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> &amp; <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> Rates and Limits</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#rateslimits">Rates and limits</a></li>
<li><a href="#disabilitythresholds">Disability program thresholds</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#trustfunds">Trust Funds</a></li>
<li><a href="#admindata">Poverty Thresholds and Administrative Data</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#povertythresholds">Poverty thresholds</a></li>
<li><a href="#expenses">Expenses</a></li>
<li><a href="#workload">Workload</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="oasdiSidebar" class="chartSidebar">
<ul>
<li><a href="#page5">Earnings in Covered Employment</a></li>
<li><a href="#page6">Insured Status</a></li>
<li><a href="#page7">Insured Status, by Sex</a></li>
<li><a href="#page8">New Benefit Awards</a></li>
<li><a href="#page9">New Awards to Workers</a></li>
<li><a href="#page10">Beneficiaries in Current-Payment Status</a></li>
<li><a href="#page11">Average Benefit Amounts</a></li>
<li><a href="#page12">Beneficiaries, by Age</a></li>
<li><a href="#page13">Age of Disabled and Retired Workers</a></li>
<li><a href="#page14">Beneficiaries, by Sex</a></li>
<li><a href="#page15">Average Monthly Benefit, by Sex</a></li>
<li><a href="#page16">Women Beneficiaries</a></li>
<li><a href="#page17">Women with Dual Entitlement</a></li>
<li><a href="#page18">Child Beneficiaries</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="ssiSidebar" class="chartSidebar">
<ul>
<li><a href="#page19">Number of Recipients</a></li>
<li><a href="#page20">Payment Amounts, by Age</a></li>
<li><a href="#page21">Federally Administered Payments</a></li>
<li><a href="#page22">Basis for Eligibility and Age of Recipients</a></li>
<li><a href="#page23">Percentage Distribution of Recipients, by Age</a></li>
<li><a href="#page24">Recipients, by Sex and Age</a></li>
<li><a href="#page25">Other Income</a></li>
<li><a href="#page26">Child Recipients</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="crossprogramSidebar" class="chartSidebar">
<ul>
<li><a href="#page27">All Beneficiaries</a></li>
<li><a href="#page28">Beneficiaries Aged&nbsp;65 or Older</a></li>
<li><a href="#page29">Disabled Beneficiaries Aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="financingSidebar" class="chartSidebar">
<ul>
<li><a href="#page30">How Social Security Is Financed</a></li>
<li><a href="#page31">Social Security's Demographic Challenge</a></li>
<li><a href="#page32">The <span class="nobr">Long-Run</span> Financial Outlook</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="chartArea bottomPad" id="pagei" onfocus="window.scrollTo(0,0)">
<h2>Did You Know That&hellip;</h2>
<p><span class="ffDYKT">71.6&nbsp;million</span> people received benefits from programs administered by the Social Security Administration (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>) in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<p class="topmargin2"><span class="ffDYKT">5.8&nbsp;million</span> people were newly awarded Social Security benefits in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<p class="topmargin2"><span class="ffDYKT">55%</span> of adult Social Security beneficiaries in&nbsp;2023 were women.</p>
<p class="topmargin2"><span class="ffDYKT">55.9</span> was the average age of disabled-worker beneficiaries in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<p class="topmargin2"><span class="ffDYKT">85%</span> of Supplemental Security Income (<abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>) recipients received payments because of disability or blindness in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<nav>
<div class="chartNav"><a class="chartNext" href="#contributions">Next page</a></div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="chartArea" id="contributions">
<h1>General Information</h1>
<div class="ffArea" id="taxrates">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Tax rates, 2024 (in&nbsp;percent)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Program</th>
<th scope="col">Employee</th>
<th scope="col">Employer</th>
<th scope="col">Self-employed</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Total</th>
<td>7.65</td>
<td>7.65</td>
<td>15.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></th>
<td>5.30</td>
<td>5.30</td>
<td>10.60</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></th>
<td>0.90</td>
<td>0.90</td>
<td>1.80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">HI</abbr></th>
<td><sup>a</sup>&nbsp;1.45</td>
<td>1.45</td>
<td><sup>a</sup>&nbsp;2.90</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="4">a. Earned income exceeding $200,000 for individual filers and $250,000 for married couples filing jointly is subject to an additional <abbr class="spell">HI</abbr> tax of 0.90&nbsp;percent.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="taxespayable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Taxes payable, 2024 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:14em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Type of earner</th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">HI</abbr></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Average</th>
<td>3,510</td>
<td>596</td>
<td>960</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Maximum</th>
<td>8,936</td>
<td>1,517</td>
<td>No limit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Self-employed maximum</th>
<td>17,872</td>
<td>3,035</td>
<td>No limit</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="taxmax">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Maximum earnings subject to Social Security taxes, 2024 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:13em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:13em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Program</th>
<th scope="col">Amount</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></th>
<td>168,600</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">HI</abbr></th>
<td>No&nbsp;limit</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea bottomPad025" id="workcredits">
<p><span class="ffLeadIn">Earnings required for work credits, 2024:</span> $1,730 for one work credit (one quarter of coverage)</p>
<p class="indent1 topmargin05"><span class="eightypercent">NOTE: A worker may earn a maximum of four credits a year. Doing so in 2024, therefore, requires $6,920 in earnings.</span></p>
</div>
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<div class="chartNav"><a class="chartPrevious" href="#pagei">Previous page</a><a class="chartNext" href="#benefits">Next page</a></div>
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</div>
<div class="chartArea" id="benefits">
<div class="ffArea" id="benefitpayments">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Benefit payments as a percentage of gross domestic product, <span class="nobr">2022&ndash;2023</span></caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Calendar year</th>
<th scope="col">Total</th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>4.78</td>
<td>4.23</td>
<td>0.56</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>5.04</td>
<td>4.49</td>
<td>0.56</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="4">NOTE: Figures are subject to change.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea bottomPad025" id="cola">
<p><span class="ffLeadIn">Cost-of-living adjustment, 2024:</span> 3.20%</p>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="fra">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Age for full retirement benefit for retired workers</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:12em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:16em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year of birth</th>
<th scope="col">Full retirement age (<abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1937 and earlier</th>
<td>65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1938</th>
<td>65 and 2&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1939</th>
<td>65 and 4&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1940</th>
<td>65 and 6&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1941</th>
<td>65 and 8&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1942</th>
<td>65 and 10&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><span class="nobr">1943&ndash;1954</span></th>
<td>66</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1955</th>
<td>66 and 2&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1956</th>
<td>66 and 4&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1957</th>
<td>66 and 6&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1958</th>
<td>66 and 8&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1959</th>
<td>66 and 10&nbsp;months</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1960 and later</th>
<td>67</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea bottomPad025" id="maxbenefit">
<p><span class="ffLeadIn">Maximum monthly Social Security benefit:</span> $3,822 for workers retiring at <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> in 2024</p>
<p class="indent1 topmargin05"><span class="eightypercent">NOTE: Higher benefits are possible for those who work or delay benefit receipt after reaching <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="ffArea bottomPad025" id="bendpoints">
<p><span class="ffLeadIn">Benefit formula bend points (for workers with first eligibility in 2024):</span></p>
<p class="indent1 topmargin05">Primary insurance amount&nbsp;(<abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr>) equals <br><span class="indent1">90% of the first $1,174 of average indexed monthly earnings (<abbr>AIME</abbr>), plus</span> <br><span class="indent1">32% of <abbr>AIME</abbr> over $1,174 through $7,078, plus</span> <br><span class="indent1">15% of <abbr>AIME</abbr> over $7,078</span></p>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="awi">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Average wage index, <span class="nobr">2022&ndash;2024</span></caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:10em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:11em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Dollars</th>
<th scope="col">Increase from previous year (in&nbsp;percent)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>63,795.13</td>
<td>5.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023 (estimated)</th>
<td>66,251.14</td>
<td>3.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2024 (estimated)</th>
<td>68,792.94</td>
<td>3.8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="earningstest">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Exempt amounts under the retirement earnings test, 2024 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:19em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Age of retired person in 2024</th>
<th scope="col">Annually</th>
<th scope="col">Monthly</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Under <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> ($1 for $2 withholding rate)</th>
<td>22,320</td>
<td>1,860</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> ($1 for $3 withholding rate)&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td>59,520</td>
<td>4,960</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Above <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr></th>
<td>No limit</td>
<td>No limit</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">NOTE: Retired-worker beneficiaries younger than <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> have some of their benefit withheld if they have earnings above the exempt amounts.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">a. The test applies only to earnings made in months prior to the month of attainment of <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="ssirates">
<div class="ffArea" id="rateslimits">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payment rates and resource limits, January&nbsp;2024 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:15em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Program aspect</th>
<th scope="col">Individual</th>
<th scope="col">Couple</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Federal benefit rate</th>
<td>943</td>
<td>1,415</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Resource limit</th>
<td>2,000</td>
<td>3,000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="disabilitythresholds">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Monthly earnings levels affecting disability program eligibility, 2024 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:18em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:9em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Determinant</th>
<th scope="col">Monthly amount</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Substantial gainful activity</th>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">For nonblind persons</th>
<td>1,550</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">For blind persons</th>
<td>2,590</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Trial work period</th>
<td>1,110</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
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</div>
<div class="chartArea" id="trustfunds">
<div class="ffArea" id="trust">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Trust fund operations, <span class="nobr">2023&ndash;2024</span> (in&nbsp;billions of&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:15em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:7em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:11em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Calendar year and trust fund</th>
<th scope="col">Income</th>
<th scope="col">Outgo</th>
<th scope="col">Fund at end of&nbsp;year</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">2023 (actual)</th>
<td colspan="3">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="row">Total</th>
<td>1,350.7</td>
<td>1,392.1</td>
<td>2,788.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></th>
<td>1,166.9</td>
<td>1,237.3</td>
<td>2,641.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></th>
<td>183.8</td>
<td>154.8</td>
<td>147.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">2024 (estimated)</th>
<td colspan="3">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="row">Total</th>
<td>1,381.8</td>
<td>1,482.2</td>
<td>2,688.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></th>
<td>1,192.6</td>
<td>1,323.0</td>
<td>2,511.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></th>
<td>189.2</td>
<td>159.3</td>
<td>176.9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="4">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="admindata">
<div class="ffArea" id="povertythresholds">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Poverty thresholds, 2023 (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:15em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:7em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Family unit</th>
<th scope="col">Amount</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Aged individual</th>
<td>14,614</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Family of two, aged head</th>
<td>18,418</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Family of four</th>
<td>31,428</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="2">SOURCE: <abbr>U.S.</abbr> Census Bureau, &ldquo;Poverty Thresholds&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html">https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo<wbr>/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html</a>).</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="ffArea bottomPad025" id="expenses">
<p><span class="ffLeadIn"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> administrative expenses:</span> Costs were 0.5% of contributions in calendar year 2023</p>
</div>
<div class="ffArea" id="workload">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Workload, fiscal year 2023 (in&nbsp;millions)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:14em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:10em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Type of filing</th>
<th scope="col">Number</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> claims</th>
<td>6.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> claims</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> applications</th>
<td>1.6</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="page5" onfocus="window.scrollTo(0,0)">
<h1><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> Program</h1>
<h2>Earnings in Covered Employment, <span class="nobr">1937&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>People contribute to Social Security through payroll taxes or self-employment taxes, as required by the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (<abbr>FICA</abbr>) and the Self-Employment Contributions Act (<abbr>SECA</abbr>). The maximum taxable amount is updated annually on the basis of increases in the average wage. Of the 183&nbsp;million workers with earnings in Social Security&ndash;covered employment in&nbsp;2023, about 6% had earnings that equaled or exceeded the maximum amount subject to taxes, compared with 3% when the program began and a peak of 36% in 1965. About 83% of earnings in covered employment were taxable in&nbsp;2023, compared with 92% in 1937.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart05.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Taxable earnings as a percentage of earnings in covered employment and percentage of workers with maximum taxable earnings, selected years. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Taxable earnings as a percentage of earnings in covered employment and percentage of workers with maximum taxable earnings, selected years</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Taxable earnings</th>
<th scope="col">Workers with maximum taxable earnings</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1937</th>
<td>92.0</td>
<td>3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1945</th>
<td>87.9</td>
<td>13.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1955</th>
<td>80.3</td>
<td>25.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1965</th>
<td>71.3</td>
<td>36.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>84.4</td>
<td>15.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>88.9</td>
<td>6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>85.8</td>
<td>5.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>84.1</td>
<td>6.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>82.9</td>
<td>6.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>82.6</td>
<td>6.3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Office of the Chief Actuary.</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="page6">
<h2>Insured Status, <span class="nobr">1970&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The percentage of persons aged&nbsp;20 or older who are insured for benefits has changed very little in recent years. To be fully insured, a worker must have at least one work credit (quarter of coverage) for each year elapsed after age&nbsp;21 (but no earlier than 1950) and before the year in which he or she attains age&nbsp;62, becomes disabled, or dies. The maximum number of work credits needed to be fully insured is 40. An individual is said to be permanently insured if he or she has earned 40 work credits. To be insured for disability, the worker must be fully insured and have at least 20 work credits during the last 40 calendar quarters. (Requirements for disability-insured status are somewhat different for persons younger than age&nbsp;31.) Disability benefits are available up to <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed" style="border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:10px 0;">
<caption>Insured workers as a percentage of the corresponding Social Security area population, selected years</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:3em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:7em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:7em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" scope="colgroup">Year</th>
<th colspan="3" class="spanner" scope="colgroup">Population aged&nbsp;20 or older</th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" scope="colgroup" style="margin-left:1em;">Population aged&nbsp;20 to <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Millions</th>
<th scope="col">Percentage permanently insured</th>
<th scope="col">Percentage fully insured</th>
<th scope="col">Millions</th>
<th scope="col">Percentage insured for disability</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1970</th>
<td>135.1</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>77</td>
<td>113.9</td>
<td>63</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>147.4</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>80</td>
<td>123.8</td>
<td>66</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>161.8</td>
<td>53</td>
<td>83</td>
<td>135.2</td>
<td>70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>174.9</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>84</td>
<td>145.5</td>
<td>72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>186.0</td>
<td>63</td>
<td>86</td>
<td>153.7</td>
<td>75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>196.0</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>86</td>
<td>161.6</td>
<td>76</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>206.9</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>171.3</td>
<td>78</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>219.5</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>183.2</td>
<td>78</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>230.8</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>192.1</td>
<td>76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>244.0</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>198.9</td>
<td>75</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>254.2</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>201.4</td>
<td>76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>255.9</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>202.2</td>
<td>77</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>257.8</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>203.2</td>
<td>77</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>260.1</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>204.5</td>
<td>77</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="6">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Office of the Chief Actuary.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="6">NOTES: The population in the Social Security area includes residents of the 50&nbsp;states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census undercount; civilian residents of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and <abbr>U.S.</abbr> Virgin Islands; federal civilian employees and persons in the <abbr>U.S.</abbr> armed forces abroad and their dependents; noncitizens living abroad who are insured for Social Security benefits; and all other <abbr>U.S.</abbr> citizens abroad.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="6">Figures are subject to revision.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="6">a. Insured for disability excludes those who have reached <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
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<h2>Insured Status, by Sex, 1970 and 2023</h2>
<p>Although men historically were more likely than women to be insured, the gender gap is shrinking. The proportion of men who are insured declined slightly from 1970 to 2023, with 90% fully insured and 79% insured for disability in&nbsp;2023. By contrast, the proportion of women who are insured increased dramatically&mdash;from 63% to 87% fully insured and from 41% to 75% insured for disability.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart07.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Percentage of population in the Social Security area fully insured and insured for disability benefits, by sex. Bar chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Percentage of population in the Social Security area fully insured and insured for disability benefits, by sex</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:11em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Sex</th>
<th scope="col">1970</th>
<th scope="col">2023</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Fully insured</th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Men</th>
<td>93</td>
<td>90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Women</th>
<td>63</td>
<td>87</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Insured for disability&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Men</th>
<td>84</td>
<td>79</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Women</th>
<td>41</td>
<td>75</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Office of the Chief Actuary.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTES: The population in the Social Security area includes residents of the 50&nbsp;states and the District of Columbia adjusted for net census undercount; civilian residents of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and <abbr>U.S.</abbr> Virgin Islands; federal civilian employees and persons in the <abbr>U.S.</abbr> armed forces abroad and their dependents; noncitizens living abroad who are insured for Social Security benefits; and all other <abbr>U.S.</abbr> citizens abroad.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">Figures are subject to revision.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">a. Insured for disability excludes those who have reached <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</div>
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<h2>New Benefit Awards, 2023</h2>
<p>Benefits were awarded to about 5.8&nbsp;million persons; of those, 62% were retired workers and 9% were disabled workers. The remaining 29% were survivors or the spouses and children of retired or disabled workers. These awards represent not only new entrants to the benefit rolls but also persons already on the rolls who become entitled to a different benefit, particularly conversions of disabled-worker benefits to retired-worker benefits at <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>New awards, by type of beneficiary</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:17em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
<th scope="col">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="rowgroup">Total</th>
<td>5,794</td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Retired workers and dependents</th>
<td>4,121</td>
<td>71</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Workers</th>
<td>3,614</td>
<td>62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses and children</th>
<td>507</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Disabled workers and dependents</th>
<td>743</td>
<td>13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Workers</th>
<td>524</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses and children</th>
<td>219</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Survivors of deceased workers</th>
<td>931</td>
<td>16</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart08.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. New awards. Pie chart described in the text." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
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<h2>New Awards to Workers, <span class="nobr">1983&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>Awards to retired workers increased considerably over the past four decades, at a higher rate than that by which awards to disabled workers increased. The annualized rate of increase over the period from 1983 to 2023 is 1.9% for retired workers and 1.3% for disabled workers. The annual number of awards to retired workers rose from 1.7&nbsp;million in 1983 to 3.6&nbsp;million in&nbsp;2023, while for disabled workers it increased from 312,000 in 1983 to 524,000 in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart09.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. New awards to retired and disabled workers. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>New awards to retired and disabled workers (in&nbsp;millions)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Retired workers</th>
<th scope="col">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1983</th>
<td>1.670</td>
<td>0.312</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1984</th>
<td>1.607</td>
<td>0.362</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>1.690</td>
<td>0.377</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1986</th>
<td>1.734</td>
<td>0.417</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1987</th>
<td>1.682</td>
<td>0.416</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1988</th>
<td>1.654</td>
<td>0.409</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1989</th>
<td>1.657</td>
<td>0.426</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>1.665</td>
<td>0.468</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1991</th>
<td>1.695</td>
<td>0.536</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1992</th>
<td>1.708</td>
<td>0.637</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1993</th>
<td>1.661</td>
<td>0.635</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1994</th>
<td>1.625</td>
<td>0.632</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>1.609</td>
<td>0.646</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1996</th>
<td>1.581</td>
<td>0.624</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1997</th>
<td>1.719</td>
<td>0.587</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1998</th>
<td>1.632</td>
<td>0.608</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1999</th>
<td>1.690</td>
<td>0.620</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>1.961</td>
<td>0.622</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2001</th>
<td>1.779</td>
<td>0.691</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2002</th>
<td>1.813</td>
<td>0.750</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2003</th>
<td>1.791</td>
<td>0.777</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2004</th>
<td>1.883</td>
<td>0.796</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>2.000</td>
<td>0.830</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2006</th>
<td>1.999</td>
<td>0.799</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2007</th>
<td>2.036</td>
<td>0.805</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2008</th>
<td>2.279</td>
<td>0.877</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2009</th>
<td>2.740</td>
<td>0.971</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>2.634</td>
<td>1.027</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2011</th>
<td>2.578</td>
<td>0.999</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2012</th>
<td>2.735</td>
<td>0.960</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2013</th>
<td>2.794</td>
<td>0.869</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2014</th>
<td>2.772</td>
<td>0.779</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>2.839</td>
<td>0.741</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2016</th>
<td>2.911</td>
<td>0.706</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2017</th>
<td>2.975</td>
<td>0.716</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2018</th>
<td>3.082</td>
<td>0.687</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2019</th>
<td>3.175</td>
<td>0.679</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>3.368</td>
<td>0.620</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>3.186</td>
<td>0.540</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>3.413</td>
<td>0.509</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>3.614</td>
<td>0.524</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Beneficiaries in Current-Payment Status, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Sixty-seven million beneficiaries were in current-payment status; that is, they were being paid a benefit. Seventy-five percent of those beneficiaries were retired workers and 11% were disabled workers. The remaining beneficiaries were survivors or the spouses and children of retired or disabled workers.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Beneficiaries in current-payment status</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:17em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
<th scope="col">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="rowgroup">Total</th>
<td>67,077</td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Retired workers and dependents</th>
<td>52,730</td>
<td>79</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Workers</th>
<td>50,148</td>
<td>75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses and children</th>
<td>2,582</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Disabled workers and dependents</th>
<td>8,514</td>
<td>13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Workers</th>
<td>7,366</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses and children</th>
<td>1,148</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Survivors of deceased workers</th>
<td>5,833</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart10.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Beneficiaries, by type. Pie chart illustrating the Percent data from the previous table. The chart presents the spouses and children of both retired and disabled workers as a combined category that accounts for 6% of beneficiaries in current-payment status." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
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<h2>Average Benefit Amounts, 2023</h2>
<p>Benefits payable to workers who retire at <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> and to disabled workers are equal to 100% of the <abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr> (subject to any applicable deductions). At <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>, <span class="nobr">widow(er)s'</span> benefits are also payable at 100% of the insured worker's <abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr>. Nondisabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> can receive reduced benefits at age&nbsp;60. Disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> can receive reduced benefits at age&nbsp;50. Spouses, children, and parents receive a smaller proportion of the worker's <abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr> than do <span class="nobr">widow(er)s.</span></p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Average monthly benefit for new awards and for benefits in <span class="nobr">current-payment</span> status (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:16em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:10em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">New awards</th>
<th scope="col">Benefits in <span class="nobr">current-payment</span> status, December</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Retired workers</th>
<td>1,968</td>
<td>1,905</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses</th>
<td>591</td>
<td>912</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Children</th>
<td>844</td>
<td>890</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Disabled workers</th>
<td>1,753</td>
<td>1,537</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses</th>
<td>435</td>
<td>420</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Children</th>
<td>492</td>
<td>492</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Survivors of deceased workers</th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Nondisabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span></th>
<td>1,322</td>
<td>1,774</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span></th>
<td>959</td>
<td>926</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Widowed mothers and fathers</th>
<td>1,231</td>
<td>1,278</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Surviving children</th>
<td>1,088</td>
<td>1,103</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Parents</th>
<td>1,432</td>
<td>1,590</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
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<h2>Beneficiaries, by Age, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>More than <span class="nobr">four-fifths</span> of all <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> beneficiaries in current-payment status were aged&nbsp;62 or older, including 27% aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">75&ndash;84</span> and 9% aged&nbsp;85 or older. About 9% were persons aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;61</span> receiving benefits as disabled workers, survivors, or dependents. Another 4% were children under age&nbsp;18.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart12.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Beneficiaries, by age. Pie chart described in the text. Chart also shows that 7% of all O A S D I beneficiaries in current-payment status were aged 62 to 64 and 44% were aged 65 to 74." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Age of Disabled and Retired Workers, <span class="nobr">1960&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The average age of disabled-worker beneficiaries in current-payment status declined between 1960, when <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits first became available to persons younger than age&nbsp;50, and 2023. In 1960, the average age of a disabled worker was 57.2&nbsp;years. The rapid drop in average age in the following years reflects a growing number of awards to workers under 50. By&nbsp;1995, the average age fell to a low of 49.8, but by 2023, it rose to 55.9. By contrast, the average age of retired workers has changed little over time, rising from 72.4 in 1960 to 74.2 in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart13.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Average age of disabled-worker and retired-worker beneficiaries, selected years. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Average age of disabled-worker and retired-worker beneficiaries, selected years</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Retired-worker beneficiaries</th>
<th scope="col">Disabled-worker beneficiaries</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1960</th>
<td>72.4</td>
<td>57.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1965</th>
<td>72.5</td>
<td>54.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1970</th>
<td>72.3</td>
<td>54.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>72.3</td>
<td>53.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>72.4</td>
<td>53.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>72.8</td>
<td>52.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>73.1</td>
<td>50.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>73.6</td>
<td>49.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>73.9</td>
<td>50.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>73.9</td>
<td>51.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>73.7</td>
<td>52.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>73.7</td>
<td>53.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>74.0</td>
<td>55.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>74.2</td>
<td>55.9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 10&nbsp;percent sample for <span class="nobr">1990&ndash;2005</span> and 100&nbsp;percent data for all other years.</div>
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<h2>Beneficiaries, by Sex, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Of all adults receiving monthly Social Security benefits, 45% were men and 55% were women. Eighty-six&nbsp;percent of the men and 74% of the women received retired-worker benefits. Ten&nbsp;percent of the women received survivor benefits.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart14.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Adult beneficiaries, by type of beneficiary and sex (in percent). One bar chart for Men and one bar chart for Women described in the text. Charts also show that 13% of the men and 11% of the women received disabled-worker benefits and 5% of the women received benefits as spouses of retired and disabled workers." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">a. Less than 1&nbsp;percent of men received benefits as survivors (widowers or fathers) or as spouses of retired and disabled workers.</div>
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<h2>Average Monthly Benefit, by Sex, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Among retired and disabled workers who collected benefits based on their own work records, men received a higher average monthly benefit than did women. For those with benefits based on another person's work record (spouses and survivors), women had higher average benefits.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Average monthly benefit (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:15em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Men</th>
<th scope="col">Women</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Workers</th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Retired</th>
<td>2,106</td>
<td>1,714</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled</th>
<td>1,686</td>
<td>1,388</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Spouses of&mdash;</th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Retired workers</th>
<td>638</td>
<td>929</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled workers</th>
<td>381</td>
<td>424</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Survivors of deceased workers</th>
<td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Nondisabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span></th>
<td>1,568</td>
<td>1,784</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span></th>
<td>721</td>
<td>945</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Mothers and fathers</th>
<td>1,126</td>
<td>1,292</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
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<h2>Women Beneficiaries, <span class="nobr">1940&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The proportion of women among retired-worker beneficiaries quadrupled between 1940 and 2023. The percentage climbed from 12% in 1940 to 47% in 1980, 48% in 1990, and 51% in&nbsp;2023. The proportion of women among disabled-worker beneficiaries more than doubled between 1957, when <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits first became payable, and 2023. The percentage rose steadily from 19% in 1957 to 35% in 1990 and 50% in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart16.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Women as a percentage of retired-worker and disabled-worker beneficiaries, selected years. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Women as a percentage of retired-worker and disabled-worker beneficiaries, selected years</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Retired-worker beneficiaries</th>
<th scope="col">Disabled-worker beneficiaries</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1940</th>
<td>11.6</td>
<td><span class="nobr">--</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1950</th>
<td>17.1</td>
<td><span class="nobr">--</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1957</th>
<td><span class="nobr">--</span></td>
<td>19.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1960</th>
<td>35.3</td>
<td>21.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1970</th>
<td>42.4</td>
<td>28.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>46.5</td>
<td>32.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>47.7</td>
<td>34.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>48.2</td>
<td>43.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>49.0</td>
<td>47.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>50.6</td>
<td>49.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>51.2</td>
<td>50.0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="onlyNote" colspan="3">NOTE: <span class="nobr">--</span>&nbsp;= not available.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Women with Dual Entitlement, <span class="nobr">1960&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The proportion of women aged&nbsp;62 or older who are receiving benefits as dependents (that is, on the basis of their spouses' earnings record only) declined from 57% in 1960 to 16% in&nbsp;2023. At the same time, the proportion of women with dual entitlement (that is, paid on the basis of both their own earnings records and those of their spouses) increased from 5% in 1960 to 23% in&nbsp;2023.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart17.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Women aged 62 or older, by basis of entitlement, selected years. Area chart described in the text. Chart also shows that the percentage of women who are entitled solely on their own earnings records remained fairly close to 40% from 1960 to 2000, before slowly rising in recent years to 61% in 2023." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record. All data for 2005 and dual entitlement data for 1995 and 2000 are based on a 10&nbsp;percent sample. All other years are 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Child Beneficiaries, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>About 2.6&nbsp;million children under age&nbsp;18 and students aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;19</span> received <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefits. Children of deceased workers had the highest average payments, in part because they are eligible to receive monthly benefits based on 75% of the worker's <abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr>, compared with 50% for children of retired or disabled workers. Overall, the average monthly benefit amount for children was $832.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart18.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Number of and average monthly benefit for children of worker beneficiaries. Two bar charts with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Number and average monthly benefit for children receiving <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr>, by type of beneficiary, December&nbsp;2023</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:14em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Type of beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
<th scope="col">Average monthly benefit (dollars)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Children of retired workers</th>
<td>337</td>
<td>847</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Children of disabled workers</th>
<td>955</td>
<td>476</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Children of deceased workers</th>
<td>1,349</td>
<td>1,080</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h1><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Program</h1>
<h2>Number of Recipients, <span class="nobr">1974&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The Supplemental Security Income (<abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>) program provides income support to needy persons aged&nbsp;65 or older, blind or disabled adults, and blind or disabled children. Eligibility requirements and federal payment standards are nationally uniform. <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> replaced the former federal/state adult assistance programs in the 50&nbsp;states and the District of Columbia.</p>
<p>Payments under <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> began in January&nbsp;1974, with 3.2&nbsp;million persons receiving federally administered payments. By December&nbsp;1974, this number had risen to nearly 4&nbsp;million and remained at about that level until the <span class="nobr">mid-1980</span>s, then rose steadily, reaching nearly 6&nbsp;million in 1993 and 7&nbsp;million by the end of 2004. As of December&nbsp;2023, the number of recipients was about 7.4&nbsp;million. Of this total, more than 4.0&nbsp;million were between the ages of 18 and 64, 2.4&nbsp;million were aged&nbsp;65 or older, and almost 1.0&nbsp;million were under age&nbsp;18.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart19.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Persons receiving federally administered S S I payments, December. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Persons receiving federally administered <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments, December (in&nbsp;millions)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="4" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Total</th>
<th scope="col">Under 18</th>
<th scope="col"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th scope="col">65 or older</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1974</th>
<td>4.00</td>
<td>0.07</td>
<td>1.50</td>
<td>2.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>4.31</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>1.70</td>
<td>2.51</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1976</th>
<td>4.24</td>
<td>0.13</td>
<td>1.71</td>
<td>2.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1977</th>
<td>4.24</td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>1.74</td>
<td>2.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1978</th>
<td>4.22</td>
<td>0.17</td>
<td>1.75</td>
<td>2.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1979</th>
<td>4.15</td>
<td>0.18</td>
<td>1.73</td>
<td>2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>4.14</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td>1.73</td>
<td>2.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1981</th>
<td>4.02</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td>1.70</td>
<td>2.12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1982</th>
<td>3.86</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td>1.66</td>
<td>2.01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1983</th>
<td>3.90</td>
<td>0.20</td>
<td>1.70</td>
<td>2.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1984</th>
<td>4.03</td>
<td>0.21</td>
<td>1.78</td>
<td>2.04</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>4.14</td>
<td>0.23</td>
<td>1.88</td>
<td>2.03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1986</th>
<td>4.27</td>
<td>0.24</td>
<td>2.01</td>
<td>2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1987</th>
<td>4.39</td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>2.12</td>
<td>2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1988</th>
<td>4.46</td>
<td>0.26</td>
<td>2.20</td>
<td>2.01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1989</th>
<td>4.59</td>
<td>0.26</td>
<td>2.30</td>
<td>2.03</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>4.82</td>
<td>0.31</td>
<td>2.45</td>
<td>2.06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1991</th>
<td>5.12</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>2.64</td>
<td>2.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1992</th>
<td>5.57</td>
<td>0.56</td>
<td>2.91</td>
<td>2.10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1993</th>
<td>5.98</td>
<td>0.72</td>
<td>3.15</td>
<td>2.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1994</th>
<td>6.30</td>
<td>0.84</td>
<td>3.34</td>
<td>2.12</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>6.51</td>
<td>0.92</td>
<td>3.48</td>
<td>2.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1996</th>
<td>6.61</td>
<td>0.96</td>
<td>3.57</td>
<td>2.09</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1997</th>
<td>6.49</td>
<td>0.88</td>
<td>3.56</td>
<td>2.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1998</th>
<td>6.57</td>
<td>0.89</td>
<td>3.65</td>
<td>2.03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1999</th>
<td>6.56</td>
<td>0.85</td>
<td>3.69</td>
<td>2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>6.60</td>
<td>0.85</td>
<td>3.74</td>
<td>2.01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2001</th>
<td>6.69</td>
<td>0.88</td>
<td>3.81</td>
<td>2.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2002</th>
<td>6.79</td>
<td>0.91</td>
<td>3.88</td>
<td>2.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2003</th>
<td>6.90</td>
<td>0.96</td>
<td>3.95</td>
<td>1.99</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2004</th>
<td>6.99</td>
<td>0.99</td>
<td>4.02</td>
<td>1.98</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>7.11</td>
<td>1.04</td>
<td>4.08</td>
<td>1.99</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2006</th>
<td>7.24</td>
<td>1.08</td>
<td>4.15</td>
<td>2.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2007</th>
<td>7.36</td>
<td>1.12</td>
<td>4.22</td>
<td>2.02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2008</th>
<td>7.52</td>
<td>1.15</td>
<td>4.33</td>
<td>2.03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2009</th>
<td>7.68</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td>4.45</td>
<td>2.03</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>7.91</td>
<td>1.24</td>
<td>4.63</td>
<td>2.04</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2011</th>
<td>8.11</td>
<td>1.28</td>
<td>4.78</td>
<td>2.06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2012</th>
<td>8.26</td>
<td>1.31</td>
<td>4.87</td>
<td>2.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2013</th>
<td>8.36</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>4.93</td>
<td>2.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2014</th>
<td>8.34</td>
<td>1.30</td>
<td>4.91</td>
<td>2.12</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>8.31</td>
<td>1.27</td>
<td>4.89</td>
<td>2.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2016</th>
<td>8.25</td>
<td>1.21</td>
<td>4.85</td>
<td>2.19</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2017</th>
<td>8.23</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>4.81</td>
<td>2.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2018</th>
<td>8.13</td>
<td>1.15</td>
<td>4.71</td>
<td>2.27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2019</th>
<td>8.08</td>
<td>1.13</td>
<td>4.65</td>
<td>2.30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>7.96</td>
<td>1.11</td>
<td>4.56</td>
<td>2.30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>7.70</td>
<td>1.04</td>
<td>4.36</td>
<td>2.29</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>7.54</td>
<td>1.00</td>
<td>4.20</td>
<td>2.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>7.43</td>
<td>0.98</td>
<td>4.04</td>
<td>2.40</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="5"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Payment Amounts, by Age, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>The average monthly federally administered <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payment was $675. Payments varied by age group, ranging from an average of $793 for recipients aged under 18 to $552 for those aged&nbsp;65 or older. In 2024, the maximum federal benefit rate is $943 for an individual and $1,415 for a couple, plus any applicable state supplementation.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart20.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Average monthly federally administered S S I payment. Bar chart described in the text. Chart also shows that recipients aged 18 to 64 received an average payment of $718." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTE: Amounts exclude retroactive payments.</div>
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<h2>Federally Administered Payments, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>A total of 7.4&nbsp;million persons received federally administered <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments. The majority received federal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> only. States have the option of supplementing the federal benefit rate and are required to do so if that rate is less than the income the recipient would have had under the former state program.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart21.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Type of S S I payment. Pie chart. 82% of S S I recipients received only a federal S S I payment, 16% received federally administered state supplementation along with their federal S S I payment, and 2% received only federally administered state supplementation." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Basis for Eligibility and Age of Recipients, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Sixteen percent of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients received benefits on the basis of age and the rest qualified on the basis of disability. Thirty-two percent of the recipients were aged&nbsp;65 or older. In the <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> program, a disabled recipient is still classified as &ldquo;disabled&rdquo; after reaching age&nbsp;65. In the <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> program, <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> beneficiaries are converted to the retirement program when they attain <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart22.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. S S I recipients, by basis for eligibility and age. Two pie charts. The first pie chart shows the percentage distribution of S S I recipients by basis for eligibility: 84% were disabled, 16% were aged, and 1% were blind. The second pie chart shows the same group distributed by age: 13% were under 18, 54% were aged 18 to 64, and 32% were 65 or older." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
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<h2>Percentage Distribution of Recipients, by Age, <span class="nobr">1974&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>The proportion of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;65 or older declined from 61% in January&nbsp;1974 to 32% in December&nbsp;2023. The overall <span class="nobr">long-term</span> growth of the <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> program occurred because of an increase in the number of disabled recipients, most of whom are under age&nbsp;65.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart23.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Percentage distribution of S S I recipients, by age, December. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by age, December</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Under 18</th>
<th scope="col"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th scope="col">65 or older</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1974</th>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>37.6</td>
<td>60.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>2.5</td>
<td>39.4</td>
<td>58.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1976</th>
<td>3.0</td>
<td>40.5</td>
<td>56.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1977</th>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>41.0</td>
<td>55.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1978</th>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>41.4</td>
<td>54.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1979</th>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>41.6</td>
<td>54.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>41.8</td>
<td>53.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1981</th>
<td>4.8</td>
<td>42.4</td>
<td>52.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1982</th>
<td>5.0</td>
<td>42.9</td>
<td>52.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1983</th>
<td>5.1</td>
<td>43.6</td>
<td>51.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1984</th>
<td>5.3</td>
<td>44.2</td>
<td>50.6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>5.5</td>
<td>45.4</td>
<td>49.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1986</th>
<td>5.6</td>
<td>47.1</td>
<td>47.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1987</th>
<td>5.7</td>
<td>48.3</td>
<td>46.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1988</th>
<td>5.7</td>
<td>49.3</td>
<td>44.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1989</th>
<td>5.8</td>
<td>50.1</td>
<td>44.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>50.9</td>
<td>42.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1991</th>
<td>7.8</td>
<td>51.6</td>
<td>40.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1992</th>
<td>10.0</td>
<td>52.3</td>
<td>37.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1993</th>
<td>12.1</td>
<td>52.6</td>
<td>35.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1994</th>
<td>13.4</td>
<td>53.0</td>
<td>33.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>14.1</td>
<td>53.5</td>
<td>32.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1996</th>
<td>14.4</td>
<td>54.0</td>
<td>31.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1997</th>
<td>13.5</td>
<td>54.8</td>
<td>31.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1998</th>
<td>13.5</td>
<td>55.5</td>
<td>31.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1999</th>
<td>12.9</td>
<td>56.3</td>
<td>30.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>12.8</td>
<td>56.7</td>
<td>30.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2001</th>
<td>13.2</td>
<td>57.0</td>
<td>29.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2002</th>
<td>13.5</td>
<td>57.1</td>
<td>29.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2003</th>
<td>13.9</td>
<td>57.3</td>
<td>28.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2004</th>
<td>14.2</td>
<td>57.5</td>
<td>28.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>14.6</td>
<td>57.4</td>
<td>28.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2006</th>
<td>14.9</td>
<td>57.4</td>
<td>27.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2007</th>
<td>15.2</td>
<td>57.4</td>
<td>27.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2008</th>
<td>15.3</td>
<td>57.6</td>
<td>27.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2009</th>
<td>15.6</td>
<td>58.0</td>
<td>26.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>15.7</td>
<td>58.5</td>
<td>25.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2011</th>
<td>15.7</td>
<td>58.9</td>
<td>25.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2012</th>
<td>15.9</td>
<td>58.9</td>
<td>25.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2013</th>
<td>15.8</td>
<td>59.0</td>
<td>25.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2014</th>
<td>15.6</td>
<td>58.9</td>
<td>25.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>15.2</td>
<td>58.8</td>
<td>25.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2016</th>
<td>14.7</td>
<td>58.7</td>
<td>26.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2017</th>
<td>14.4</td>
<td>58.4</td>
<td>27.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2018</th>
<td>14.1</td>
<td>58.0</td>
<td>27.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2019</th>
<td>14.0</td>
<td>57.5</td>
<td>28.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>13.9</td>
<td>57.2</td>
<td>28.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>13.5</td>
<td>56.7</td>
<td>29.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>13.2</td>
<td>55.6</td>
<td>31.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>13.2</td>
<td>54.4</td>
<td>32.4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Recipients, by Sex and Age, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Overall, 52% of the approximately 7.4&nbsp;million <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients were women, but that percentage varied greatly by age group. Women accounted for 64% of the 2.4&nbsp;million recipients aged&nbsp;65 or older, 49% of the more than 4.0&nbsp;million recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64,</span> and 32% of the 1.0&nbsp;million recipients under age&nbsp;18.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart24.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. S S I recipients, by sex and age. Bar chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients by sex, by age, December&nbsp;2023</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Age</th>
<th scope="col">Men</th>
<th scope="col">Women</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">All ages</th>
<td>48</td>
<td>52</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Under 18</th>
<td>68</td>
<td>32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<td>51</td>
<td>49</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">65 or older</th>
<td>36</td>
<td>64</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<h2>Other Income, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>More than 57% of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;65 or older received <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefits, as did 26.9% of those aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> and 5.8% of those under age&nbsp;18. Other types of unearned income, such as income from assets, were reported most frequently among those under age&nbsp;18 (21.7%) and those aged&nbsp;65 or older (10.3%). Earned income was most prevalent (4.6%) among those aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64.</span></p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart25.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Percentage of S S I recipients also receiving other income, by source and age. Bar chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Percentage of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients also receiving other income, by source and age</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:7em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="3" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Age</th>
<th scope="col"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></th>
<th scope="col">Other unearned income</th>
<th scope="col">Earnings</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">All ages</th>
<td>33.9</td>
<td>10.2</td>
<td>2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Under 18</th>
<td>5.8</td>
<td>21.7</td>
<td>0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<td>26.9</td>
<td>7.4</td>
<td>4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">65 or older</th>
<td>57.3</td>
<td>10.3</td>
<td>1.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="page26">
<h2>Child Recipients, December&nbsp;<span class="nobr">1974&ndash;2023</span></h2>
<p>As of December of the program's first year, 1974, 70,900 blind and disabled children were receiving <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>. That number has generally increased since then, peaking at more than 1.3&nbsp;million in&nbsp;2013, before declining to 983,169 in&nbsp;2023. The relatively high average payment to children (compared with payments made to blind and disabled adults) is due in part to a limited amount of other countable income. The spike in average monthly benefits in 1992 is due to retroactive payments resulting from the <i>Sullivan <abbr title="versus">v.</abbr> Zebley</i> decision. As of December&nbsp;2023, blind and disabled children were receiving <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments averaging $793.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart26.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Number of and average monthly payment to children under age 18 receiving S S I. Two line charts with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Number of and average monthly payment to children under age&nbsp;18 receiving <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:4em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Number (in&nbsp;thousands)</th>
<th scope="col">Average monthly <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payment&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1974</th>
<td>70.90</td>
<td>109.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>107.03</td>
<td>141.09</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1976</th>
<td>125.41</td>
<td>154.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1977</th>
<td>147.36</td>
<td>170.03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1978</th>
<td>165.90</td>
<td>171.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1979</th>
<td>177.31</td>
<td>193.26</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>190.39</td>
<td>219.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1981</th>
<td>194.89</td>
<td>240.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1982</th>
<td>191.57</td>
<td>263.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1983</th>
<td>198.32</td>
<td>280.96</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1984</th>
<td>211.59</td>
<td>292.86</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>227.38</td>
<td>301.26</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1986</th>
<td>241.20</td>
<td>321.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1987</th>
<td>250.90</td>
<td>327.27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1988</th>
<td>255.14</td>
<td>343.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1989</th>
<td>264.89</td>
<td>357.64</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>308.59</td>
<td>403.72</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1991</th>
<td>397.16</td>
<td>446.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1992</th>
<td>556.47</td>
<td>610.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1993</th>
<td>722.68</td>
<td>460.54</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1994</th>
<td>841.47</td>
<td>448.07</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>917.05</td>
<td>447.57</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1996</th>
<td>955.17</td>
<td>442.01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1997</th>
<td>879.83</td>
<td>433.83</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1998</th>
<td>887.07</td>
<td>441.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1999</th>
<td>847.06</td>
<td>450.13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>846.78</td>
<td>463.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2001</th>
<td>881.84</td>
<td>476.09</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2002</th>
<td>914.82</td>
<td>487.73</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2003</th>
<td>959.38</td>
<td>490.63</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2004</th>
<td>993.13</td>
<td>505.98</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>1,036.50</td>
<td>522.80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2006</th>
<td>1,079.00</td>
<td>542.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2007</th>
<td>1,121.00</td>
<td>555.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2008</th>
<td>1,153.80</td>
<td>561.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2009</th>
<td>1,199.79</td>
<td>593.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>1,239.30</td>
<td>597.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2011</th>
<td>1,277.00</td>
<td>601.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2012</th>
<td>1,311.86</td>
<td>621.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2013</th>
<td>1,321.68</td>
<td>631.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2014</th>
<td>1,299.76</td>
<td>633.23</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>1,267.16</td>
<td>643.06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2016</th>
<td>1,213.08</td>
<td>649.58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2017</th>
<td>1,182.59</td>
<td>647.48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2018</th>
<td>1,148.04</td>
<td>655.49</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2019</th>
<td>1,132.08</td>
<td>669.78</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>1,108.61</td>
<td>675.47</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>1,038.15</td>
<td>687.17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>997.11</td>
<td>731.99</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>983.17</td>
<td>793.21</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">a. As of 1998, these figures exclude retroactive payments.</div>
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<h1>Cross-Program Beneficiaries</h1>
<h2>All Beneficiaries, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>About 71.6&nbsp;million people received a payment from one or more programs administered by <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. Most (64.2&nbsp;million) received <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefits only, 4.9&nbsp;million received <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> only, and 2.5&nbsp;million received payments from both programs.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Beneficiaries receiving <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or both</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:15em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Benefit</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Total (unduplicated)</th>
<td>71,603</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></th>
<td>66,682</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> only</th>
<td>64,177</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td>7,425</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> only</th>
<td>4,921</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Both <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td>2,505</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart27.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Distribution of all beneficiaries. Pie chart. 90% of beneficiaries received only O A S D I benefits, 7% received only S S I payments, and 3% received both O A S D I and S S I payments." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCES: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record and Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTES: <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> beneficiaries who receive benefits based on more than one worker's earnings record (for example, their own earnings record and their spouse's earnings record) are counted only once. <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> includes federal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments and federally administered state supplementation.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="page28">
<h2>Beneficiaries Aged&nbsp;65 or Older, December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Benefits were paid to 54.4&nbsp;million people aged&nbsp;65 or older. About 1.4&nbsp;million received both <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Beneficiaries aged&nbsp;65 or older receiving <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or both</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:17em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="rowgroup">Total (unduplicated)</th>
<td>54,426</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></th>
<td>53,393</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Retired workers</th>
<td>47,629</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled workers</th>
<td>837</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Spouses</th>
<td>1,766</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><span class="nobr">Widow(er)s</span></th>
<td><sup>a</sup>&nbsp;3,050</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled adult children</th>
<td>110</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> only</th>
<td>52,023</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td><sup>b</sup>&nbsp;2,403</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Receiving <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> only</th>
<td>1,033</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Receiving both <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td>1,370</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart28.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Distribution of beneficiaries aged 65 or older, by program. Pie chart. 96% of beneficiaries aged 65 or older received only O A S D I benefits, 2% received only S S I payments, and 3% received both O A S D I and S S I payments." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCES: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record and Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTES: <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> beneficiaries who receive benefits based on more than one worker's earnings record (for example, their own earnings record and their spouse's earnings record) are counted only once. <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> includes federal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments and federally administered state supplementation.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">a. Includes persons who received dependent parent's benefits or mother's and father's benefits.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">b. Includes 1,242,054 <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> beneficiaries aged&nbsp;65 or older who are disabled or blind.</div>
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<h2>Disabled Beneficiaries Aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64,</span> December&nbsp;2023</h2>
<p>Payments were made to nearly 10.6&nbsp;million people aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> on the basis of their own disability. Sixty-two percent received disability payments from the <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> program only, 29% received payments from the <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> program only, and 9% received payments from both programs.</p>
<div class="table ffTable">
<table class="ffRed">
<caption>Disabled beneficiaries aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> receiving <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or both</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:21em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Beneficiary</th>
<th scope="col">Number (thousands)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" scope="rowgroup">Total (unduplicated)</th>
<td>10,589</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> disability</th>
<td>7,499</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Workers aged&nbsp;64 or younger</th>
<td>6,517</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Disabled adult children</th>
<td>901</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><span class="nobr">Widow(er)s</span></th>
<td>82</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> disability only</th>
<td>6,549</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> disability</th>
<td>4,039</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Receiving <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> disability only</th>
<td>3,089</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">Receiving both <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> disability</th>
<td>950</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart29.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Distribution of disabled beneficiaries aged 18 to 64. Pie chart described in the text." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCES: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>, Master Beneficiary Record and Supplemental Security Record, 100&nbsp;percent data.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTES: <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> beneficiaries who receive benefits based on more than one worker's earnings record (for example, their own earnings record and their spouse's earnings record) are counted only once. <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> includes federal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments and federally administered state supplementation.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
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<h1>Social Security Financing</h1>
<h2>How Social Security Is Financed</h2>
<p>Social Security is largely a <span class="nobr">pay-as-you-go</span> program. Most of the payroll taxes collected from today's workers are used to pay benefits to today's recipients. In&nbsp;2023, the <span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds collected $1.35&nbsp;trillion in revenues. Of that amount, 91.3% was from payroll tax contributions and reimbursements from the General Fund of the Treasury and 3.8% was from income taxes on Social Security benefits. Interest earned on the government bonds held by the trust funds provided the remaining 5.0% of income. Assets decreased in&nbsp;2023 because expenditures for benefit payments and administrative expenses exceeded total income.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart30.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Social Security revenues and expenditures in 2023. Two pie charts. The Revenue Sources pie chart is described in the text. The Expenditure Types pie chart has three slices. Benefit payments: 99.1%. Administrative expenses: 0.5%. Railroad Retirement financial interchange: 0.4%. Total expenditures equal $1.39 trillion." /></div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <i>2024 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal <span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds</i>, Table <abbr title="two">II</abbr>.B1.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">NOTES: The difference between total revenue and total expenditures is reflected by a change in total trust fund assets.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">a. Includes General Fund reimbursements, which accounted for less than 0.1% of Trust Fund income.</div>
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<h2>Social Security's Demographic Challenge</h2>
<p>The 2024 Trustees Report projects that the number of retired workers will grow rapidly, as members of the post&ndash;World War&nbsp;<abbr title="two">II</abbr> baby boom continue to retire in increasing numbers. The number of retired workers is projected to double in about 50&nbsp;years. People are also living longer, and the birth rate is low. As a result, the Trustees project that the ratio of 2.7 workers paying Social Security taxes to each person collecting benefits in&nbsp;2023 will fall to 2.3 to 1 in&nbsp;2036. In&nbsp;2010, tax and other noninterest income did not fully cover <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> program cost, and the 2024 Trustees Report projects that this pattern will continue for at least 75&nbsp;years if no changes are made to the program. However, the Trustees also project that redemption of <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> trust fund assets will be sufficient to allow for full payment of scheduled benefits until&nbsp;2033.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart31.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Ratio of covered workers to Social Security beneficiaries. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Ratio of covered workers to Social Security beneficiaries</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Workers per beneficiary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1955</th>
<td>8.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1956</th>
<td>8.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1957</th>
<td>6.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1958</th>
<td>5.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1959</th>
<td>5.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1960</th>
<td>5.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1961</th>
<td>4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1962</th>
<td>4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1963</th>
<td>4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1964</th>
<td>4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1965</th>
<td>4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1966</th>
<td>3.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1967</th>
<td>3.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1968</th>
<td>3.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1969</th>
<td>3.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1970</th>
<td>3.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1971</th>
<td>3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1972</th>
<td>3.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1973</th>
<td>3.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1974</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1975</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1976</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1977</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1978</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1979</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1980</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1981</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1982</th>
<td>3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1983</th>
<td>3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1984</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1985</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1986</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1987</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1988</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1989</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1990</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1991</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1992</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1993</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1994</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1995</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1996</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1997</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1998</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">1999</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2000</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2001</th>
<td>3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2002</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2003</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2004</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2005</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2006</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2007</th>
<td>3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2008</th>
<td>3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2009</th>
<td>3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2010</th>
<td>2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2011</th>
<td>2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2012</th>
<td>2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2013</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2014</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2015</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2016</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2017</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2018</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2019</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2020</th>
<td>2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2021</th>
<td>2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2022</th>
<td>2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2023</th>
<td>2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2024</th>
<td>2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2025</th>
<td>2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2026</th>
<td>2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2027</th>
<td>2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2028</th>
<td>2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2029</th>
<td>2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2030</th>
<td>2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2031</th>
<td>2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2032</th>
<td>2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2033</th>
<td>2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2034</th>
<td>2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2035</th>
<td>2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2036</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2037</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2038</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2039</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2040</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2041</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2042</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2043</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2044</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2045</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2046</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2047</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2048</th>
<td>2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2049</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2050</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2051</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2052</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2053</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2054</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2055</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2056</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2057</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2058</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2059</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2060</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2061</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2062</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2063</th>
<td>2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2064</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2065</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2066</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2067</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2068</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2069</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2070</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2071</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2072</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2073</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2074</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2075</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2076</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2077</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2078</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2079</th>
<td>2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2080</th>
<td>2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2081</th>
<td>2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2082</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2083</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2084</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2085</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2086</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2087</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2088</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2089</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2090</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2091</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2092</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2093</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2094</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2095</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2096</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2097</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2098</th>
<td>2.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <i>2024 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal <span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds</i>, Table <abbr title="four">IV</abbr>.B3 (intermediate assumptions).</div>
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<div class="chartArea" id="page32">
<h2>The <span class="nobr">Long-Run</span> Financial Outlook</h2>
<p>Social Security is not sustainable over the long term at current benefit and tax rates. In&nbsp;2010, the program paid more in benefits and expenses than it collected in taxes and other noninterest income, and the 2024 Trustees Report projects this pattern to continue for the next 75&nbsp;years. The Trustees estimate that the combined <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> trust fund reserves will be depleted by 2035. At that point, payroll taxes and other income will flow into the fund but will be sufficient to pay only about 83% of program costs. As reported in the 2024 Trustees Report, the projected shortfall over the next 75&nbsp;years is 3.50% of taxable payroll.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700"><img src="chart32.svg" role="img" alt="Chart. Social Security income minus costs as a percentage of taxable payroll. Line chart with tabular version below." />
<div class="table altTable"><a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for chart. </span>Social Security income minus costs as a percentage of taxable payroll</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Year</th>
<th scope="col">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2024</th>
<td>-1.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2025</th>
<td>-2.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2026</th>
<td>-2.13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2027</th>
<td>-2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2028</th>
<td>-2.28</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2029</th>
<td>-2.31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2030</th>
<td>-2.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2031</th>
<td>-2.37</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2032</th>
<td>-2.38</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2033</th>
<td>-2.40</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2034</th>
<td>-2.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2035</th>
<td>-2.60</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2036</th>
<td>-2.69</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2037</th>
<td>-2.79</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2038</th>
<td>-2.86</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2039</th>
<td>-2.93</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2040</th>
<td>-3.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2041</th>
<td>-3.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2042</th>
<td>-3.10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2043</th>
<td>-3.14</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2044</th>
<td>-3.18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2045</th>
<td>-3.21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2046</th>
<td>-3.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2047</th>
<td>-3.27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2048</th>
<td>-3.31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2049</th>
<td>-3.35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2050</th>
<td>-3.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2051</th>
<td>-3.44</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2052</th>
<td>-3.50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2053</th>
<td>-3.56</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2054</th>
<td>-3.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2055</th>
<td>-3.69</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2056</th>
<td>-3.76</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2057</th>
<td>-3.84</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2058</th>
<td>-3.92</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2059</th>
<td>-4.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2060</th>
<td>-4.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2061</th>
<td>-4.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2062</th>
<td>-4.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2063</th>
<td>-4.28</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2064</th>
<td>-4.34</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2065</th>
<td>-4.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2066</th>
<td>-4.46</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2067</th>
<td>-4.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2068</th>
<td>-4.58</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2069</th>
<td>-4.64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2070</th>
<td>-4.70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2071</th>
<td>-4.77</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2072</th>
<td>-4.82</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2073</th>
<td>-4.88</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2074</th>
<td>-4.93</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2075</th>
<td>-4.98</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2076</th>
<td>-5.02</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2077</th>
<td>-5.05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2078</th>
<td>-5.07</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2079</th>
<td>-5.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2080</th>
<td>-5.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2081</th>
<td>-5.07</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2082</th>
<td>-5.06</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2083</th>
<td>-5.03</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2084</th>
<td>-5.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2085</th>
<td>-4.96</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2086</th>
<td>-4.91</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2087</th>
<td>-4.86</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2088</th>
<td>-4.80</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2089</th>
<td>-4.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2090</th>
<td>-4.70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2091</th>
<td>-4.65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2092</th>
<td>-4.62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2093</th>
<td>-4.60</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2094</th>
<td>-4.58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2095</th>
<td>-4.58</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2096</th>
<td>-4.59</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2097</th>
<td>-4.61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">2098</th>
<td>-4.64</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="noNotes" colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note" style="font-size:70%">SOURCE: <i>2024 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal <span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds</i>, Table <abbr title="four">IV</abbr>.B1 (intermediate assumptions).</div>
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<h2>Abbreviations</h2>
<dl>
<dt><abbr>AIME</abbr></dt>
<dd>average indexed monthly earnings</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></dt>
<dd>Disability Insurance</dd>
<dt><abbr>FICA</abbr></dt>
<dd>Federal Insurance Contributions Act</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr></dt>
<dd>full retirement age</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">HI</abbr></dt>
<dd>Hospital Insurance</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></dt>
<dd>Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></dt>
<dd>Old-Age and Survivors Insurance</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">PIA</abbr></dt>
<dd>primary insurance amount</dd>
<dt><abbr>SECA</abbr></dt>
<dd>Self-Employment Contributions Act</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr></dt>
<dd>Social Security Administration</dd>
<dt><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></dt>
<dd>Supplemental Security Income</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
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