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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2019</h1>
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<h1>Nicaragua</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00&nbsp;= 33.05&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas.</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956 (social security), implemented in 1957.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1982 (social security) and 1982 (social security regulations).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons, farmers who benefited from the Agrarian Reform, members of professional associations, certain members of the clergy, and members of cooperatives.</p>
<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons, persons who previously had mandatory coverage, certain members of the clergy, citizens of Nicaragua working at diplomatic missions or for international organizations in Nicaragua, and family labor.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Seasonal agricultural workers.</p>
<p>Special systems for employees of the Ministry of Interior, including firefighters, police and correctional personnel; and for military personnel.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 4.75% of monthly covered earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
<p>The insured person's contributions also finance family allowances.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 14% of monthly covered declared earnings <span class="nobr">(old-age,</span> disability, and survivor benefits and dependent supplements); 11.6% of monthly covered declared earnings for the clergy <span class="nobr">(old-age,</span> disability, and survivor benefits).</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas.</p>
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 12.50% of monthly covered payroll (firms with fewer than 50&nbsp;workers); 13.50% of monthly covered payroll (firms with at least 50&nbsp;workers).</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
<p>The employer's contributions also finance family allowances.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Pensi&oacute;n de vejez):</span> Age&nbsp;60 with at least 750&nbsp;weeks of contributions. Those who enrolled after age&nbsp;45 must have contributions for half the weeks from the date coverage began until the normal retirement age, with at least 250&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Age&nbsp;55 for miners and those in arduous work with at least 15&nbsp;years of contributions. Age&nbsp;55 for teachers with at least 1,500&nbsp;weeks of contributions (men) or 750&nbsp;weeks of contributions (women).</p>
<p>Partial pension: Age&nbsp;60 with at least 250&nbsp;weeks but less than 750&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Deferred pension: The pension may be deferred until age&nbsp;70.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
<p>Dependent's supplement: Paid for a dependent wife or disabled husband, children younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;21 if a student, no limit if disabled), and dependent parents or grandparents older than age&nbsp;60 or with disabilities.</p>
<p>A pensioner who works must pay contributions; the pensioner's salary must not exceed the amount of his or her pension.</p>
<p>The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is not payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (Pensi&oacute;n de invalidez):</span> Must have at least a 67% assessed loss of earning capacity and at least 150&nbsp;weeks of contributions in the six years immediately before the disability began or at least 250 total weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Partial pension: Must have at least a 50% but less than a 67% assessed loss of earning capacity and at least 150&nbsp;weeks of contributions in the six years immediately before the disability began or at least 250 total weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
<p>Dependent's supplement: Paid for a dependent wife or disabled husband, children younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;21 if a student, no limit if disabled), and dependent parents or grandparents older than age&nbsp;60 or with disabilities.</p>
<p>The disability pension ceases at the normal retirement age and is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension. If the insured is not entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension, a partial disability pension is increased to the value of the total disability benefit at the normal retirement age if the beneficiary retires from all gainful employment.</p>
<p>A medical board appointed by the Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security assesses and review the loss of earning capacity every three years.</p>
<p>The disability pension is not payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension at the time of death.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include a widow or a dependent, disabled widower who has lived with the deceased for at least six months (except if there are common children; the widow is pregnant; or if the deceased died from an accident), and orphans younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;21 if a student, no limit if disabled).</p>
<p>Depending on the number of other eligible survivors, dependent parents or grandparents older than age&nbsp;60 or disabled may also receive benefits.</p>
<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension ceases upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
<p>Remarriage and cohabitation grant: Paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
<p>Survivor pensions are not payable abroad.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsidio de funeral):</span> The deceased was in covered employment or was a pensioner at the time of death.</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Pensi&oacute;n de vejez):</span> 20% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions plus 1% for every 52&nbsp;weeks of contributions exceeding 150&nbsp;weeks is paid.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is the legal monthly minimum wage in the insured's occupation.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,062.79&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>Partial pension: With 250 to 349&nbsp;weeks of contributions, 1,910&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas a month is paid; with 350 to 449&nbsp;weeks, 2,356&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas a month; with 450 to 549&nbsp;weeks, 2,884&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas a month; with 550 to 649&nbsp;weeks, 3,290&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas a month; and with 650 to 749&nbsp;weeks, 3,656&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas a month.</p>
<p>Deferred pension: The pension is increased by 1% for every 52&nbsp;weeks of contributions after age&nbsp;60, up to 10%.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 70% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: 20% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid.</p>
<p>Dependent's supplement: 13.5% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid for a dependent wife or disabled husband; 9% for each eligible child); and 9% for eligible parents or grandparents.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension and dependent's supplement is 100% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions or <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a month, whichever is lower.</p>
<p>Schedule of payments: Benefits are paid monthly, with an additional payment made each Christmas.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually on November&nbsp;30 based on changes in the consumer price index.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (Pensi&oacute;n de invalidez):</span> 20% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions plus 1% for every 52&nbsp;weeks of contributions exceeding 150&nbsp;weeks is paid.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly disability pension is the legal monthly minimum wage in the insured's occupation.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,873.29&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly disability pension is 70% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>If the insured has a spouse and children, the total disability pension must not be less than 50% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Partial pension: 50% of the full disability pension is paid.</p>
<p>The partial pension must be greater than 33% but less than 50% (depending on the degree of disability) of the legal monthly minimum wage in the insured's occupation.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: 20% of the full disability pension is paid.</p>
<p>Dependent's supplement: 13.5% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid for a dependent wife or disabled husband; 9% for each eligible child; and 9% for eligible parents or grandparents.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly disability pension and dependent's supplement is 100% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 375&nbsp;weeks of contributions or <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a month, whichever is lower.</p>
<p>Schedule of payments: Benefits are paid monthly, with an additional payment made each Christmas.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually on November&nbsp;30 based on changes in the consumer price index.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de viudedad):</span> 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for life to a widow aged&nbsp;45 or older (any age if disabled) or a dependent widower aged&nbsp;60 or older (any age if disabled); for up to two years to a widow younger than age&nbsp;45 (temporary survivor pension) or without maximum duration if she is caring for a child receiving an orphan's pension.</p>
<p>A widow who previously received a temporary survivor pension may be entitled to receive a spouse's pension for life upon reaching age&nbsp;60 if she has not remarried, is unemployed, and is not receiving any other pension.</p>
<p>Remarriage and cohabitation grant: A lump sum of 12&nbsp;months of the spouse's pension is paid.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de orfandad):</span> 25% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each eligible orphan; 50% for a full orphan.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Other dependent's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de ascendientes):</span> Depending on the number of other eligible survivors, up to 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to other dependent relatives.</p>
<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually on November&nbsp;30 based on changes in the consumer price index.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsidio de funeral):</span> A lump sum of the cost of the funeral or 50% of the deceased's last monthly covered earnings in the 26&nbsp;weeks before death, whichever is lower, is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security (<a href="https://www.inss.gob.ni/">https://www.inss.gob.ni/</a>) administers the programs and collects contributions.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956 (social security), implemented in 1957.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1982 (social security), 1982 (social security regulations), and 2002 (health).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash and medical benefits) and social assistance (medical benefits) system.</p>
<p>Note: The 2014 Family Code introduced a <span class="nobr">five-day</span> paternity benefit.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance (cash and medical benefits):</span> Employed persons, farmers who benefited from the Agrarian Reform, members of professional associations, certain members of the clergy, members of cooperatives, and <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pensioners (medical benefits only).</p>
<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons, persons who previously had mandatory coverage, certain members of the clergy, citizens of Nicaragua working at diplomatic missions or for international organizations in Nicaragua, and family labor.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Seasonal agricultural workers.</p>
<p>Special systems for employees of the Ministry of Interior, including firefighters, police and correctional personnel; and for military personnel.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance (medical benefits):</span> Needy persons, including elderly and persons with disabilities.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 2.25% of monthly covered earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 8.25% of monthly covered earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 6,400&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 6% of monthly covered payroll.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 1.75% of monthly covered earnings for insured and self-employed persons; contributes as employer.</p>
<p>The government's contributions also finance family allowances.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefit (Subsidio de enfermedad, social insurance):</span> Must have at least eight weeks of contributions in the last 22&nbsp;weeks. Unemployed persons with at least eight weeks of contributions in the last 22&nbsp;weeks are covered for eight weeks after employment ceases. Voluntarily insured persons must have at least one year of continuous contributions.</p>
<p>No benefits are paid if the insured is caring for a sick family member.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits (Subsidio de maternidad, social insurance):</span> Must have at least 16&nbsp;weeks of contributions in the 39&nbsp;weeks before the expected date of childbirth. Unemployed women with at least eight weeks of contributions in the last 22&nbsp;weeks are covered for 14&nbsp;weeks after employment ceased. Voluntarily insured persons must have at least one year of continuous contributions.</p>
<p>Nursing allowance (Subsidio de lactancia): Paid to an insured woman or the wife of an insured man for each child younger than age seven months.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones de salud, social insurance):</span> Must have at least eight weeks of contributions in the last 22&nbsp;weeks; there is no minimum qualifying period for <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pensioners.</p>
<p>Eligible dependents include a spouse and children up to age&nbsp;12.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones m&eacute;dicas, social assistance):</span> Must not be entitled to receive social insurance medical benefits and be assessed as unable to pay contributions for voluntary social insurance coverage.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (Subsidio de enfermedad, social insurance):</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings in the last eight weeks before the incapacity began is paid after a three-day waiting period (waived if hospitalized) for up to 52&nbsp;weeks.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (Subsidio de maternidad, social insurance):</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings in the last eight weeks before childbirth is paid for four weeks before and eight weeks after the expected date of childbirth; may be extended for an additional two weeks for each additional child resulting from a multiple birth.</p>
<p>Nursing allowance (Subsidio de lactancia): Breastfeeding support is provided for the first six months of the child's life; if the child is not breastfed, formula is provided. Equivalent benefits may be provided in cash under certain conditions.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones de salud, social insurance):</span> Public hospitals and private clinics under contract with the Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security provide medical benefits. Benefits include general and specialist care, hospitalization, laboratory services, and maternity care. <span class="nobr">Old-age</span> pensioners are entitled to medical services for certain illnesses and surgical treatments.</p>
<p>There is no limit to duration.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones m&eacute;dicas, social assistance):</span> Public health facilities provide free health care including hospitalization and outpatient services, diagnostics, and medicines, in accordance with a basic list defined by the Ministry of Health.</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones de salud, social insurance):</span> Benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (Prestaciones m&eacute;dicas, social assistance):</span> No information available.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security (<a href="https://www.inss.gob.ni/">https://www.inss.gob.ni/</a>) administers the social insurance program and collects contributions.</p>
<p>Ministry of Health (http://www.minsa.gob.ni/) administers the social assistance program.</p>
<p>Public and private institutions provide medical care.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1945 (labor code).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1982 (social security) and 1982 (social security regulations).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons, farmers who benefited from the Agrarian Reform, members of professional associations and the clergy, and members of cooperatives.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, seasonal agricultural workers, citizens of Nicaragua working at diplomatic missions or for international organizations in Nicaragua, and family labor.</p>
<p>Special systems for employees of the Ministry of Interior, including firefighters, police and correctional personnel; and for military personnel.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 1.5% of monthly covered payroll plus 1.5% for war victims' pensions.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p>Must be assessed with a work injury or an occupational disease. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered. There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>60% of the insured's weekly earnings in the last eight weeks of contributions is paid from the day after the disability began until medical care ceases or the insured is certified with a permanent disability. (The employer pays the benefit for the first day.)</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension (Pensi&oacute;n por incapacidad permanente):</span> For a total (at least a 67% assessed loss of earning capacity) disability, 20% of the insured's average monthly earnings plus 1% for every 52&nbsp;weeks of contributions exceeding 150&nbsp;weeks is paid.</p>
<p>Average monthly earnings are based on the insured's earnings in the last 150&nbsp;weeks of contributions.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly permanent disability pension is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings or the legal monthly minimum wage in the insured's occupation, whichever is lower.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: 20% of the permanent disability pension is paid if the insured is assessed with a total disability and requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
<p>Dependent's supplement: 13.5% of the permanent disability pension is paid for a wife or disabled husband; 9% for each child younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;21 if a student, no limit if disabled); and 9% for dependent relatives older than age&nbsp;60 or disabled.</p>
<p>Partial disability: For an assessed loss of earning capacity of at least 20% but less than 67%, a percentage of the full permanent disability pension is paid based on the assessed degree of disability.</p>
<p>The partial disability pension must be greater than 20% but less than 67% (depending on the degree of disability) of the legal monthly minimum wage in the insured's occupation. A lump sum of five times the insured's annual salary is paid for an assessed loss of earning capacity of less than 20%.</p>
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage ranges from 4,176.49&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (agriculture) to 9,346.59&nbsp;c&oacute;rdobas (construction, finance, and insurance), depending on the economic sector.</p>
<p>Schedule of payments: The permanent disability pension is paid monthly, with an additional payment made each Christmas.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually on November&nbsp;30 based on changes in the consumer price index.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Medical benefits are provided for work injuries and occupational diseases. Benefits include general and specialist care, medicine, dental care, laboratory services, <span class="nobr">X-rays,</span> hospitalization, prostheses, appliances, and rehabilitation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de viudedad):</span> 50% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for life to a widow aged&nbsp;45 or older (any age if disabled) or a dependent widower aged&nbsp;60 or older (any age if disabled); a temporary survivor pension is paid for up to two years to a widow younger than age&nbsp;45 (temporary survivor pension) or without maximum duration if caring for a child receiving an orphan's pension).</p>
<p>A widow who previously received a temporary survivor pension may be entitled to receive a spouse's pension for life upon reaching age&nbsp;60 if she has not remarried, is unemployed and is not receiving any other pension.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de orfandad):</span> 25% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each child younger than age&nbsp;15 (age&nbsp;21 if a student, no limit if disabled); 50% for a full orphan.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Other dependent's pension (Pensi&oacute;n de ascendientes):</span> If there are no other eligible survivors, 25% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each dependent survivor.</p>
<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsidio de Funeral):</span> See Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security (<a href="https://www.inss.gob.ni/">https://www.inss.gob.ni/</a>) administers the program and collects contributions.</p>
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p>The labor code requires employers to provide employees with severance pay in cases of unfair dismissal. An employee with a permanent contract who is unfairly dismissed receives 100% of his or her monthly earnings for each year of the first three continuous service plus 20&nbsp;days of monthly earnings for each additional year of continuous service. Employees with fixed-term contracts receive 100% of their outstanding salaries agreed to in their work contracts.</p>
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956 (social security), implemented in 1957.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1982 (social security) and 1982 (social security regulations).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons, farmers who benefited from the Agrarian Reform, members of professional associations and the clergy, and members of cooperatives.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, seasonal agricultural workers, military personnel, citizens of Nicaragua working at diplomatic missions or for international organizations in Nicaragua, and family labor.</p>
<p>Special system for employees of the Ministry of Interior, including firefighters, police and correctional personnel.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Marriage grant (Ayuda para gastos de matrimonio):</span> Must have at least three years of contributions.</p>
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Marriage grant (Ayuda para gastos de matrimonio):</span> A lump sum of one month of the insured's monthly earnings is paid.</p>
<p>The benefit is paid for only one marriage.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Nicaraguan Institute of Social Security (<a href="https://www.inss.gob.ni/">https://www.inss.gob.ni/</a>) administers the program and collects contributions.</p>
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