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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2019</h1>
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<h1>Ecuador</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: Currency is the <abbr class="spell">US</abbr> dollar ($).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1928 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2001 (social security), 2003 (social pensions), 2006 (social pensions), 2010 (disability attendance grant), 2012 (general law on disabilities), and 2013 (social pensions increment).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<p>Note: The provision under the 2001 law to create an individual account program to complement the social insurance program has not been implemented yet.</p>
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<p>A 2018 decree introduced a new <span class="nobr">old-age</span> social pension (Pensión Mis Mejores Años) and disability social pension (Pensión Toda Una Vida), each of which pays $100 a month. Once rolled out across the country, these pensions will completely replace the social assistance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> and disability pensions.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed and self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for persons without mandatory coverage, including citizens of Ecuador residing abroad.</p>
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<p>Special systems for agricultural workers and small-scale fishermen and for unpaid home-based workers.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Needy residents of Ecuador.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 6.64% (most public- and private-sector employees) or 8.64% (employees of subnational public institutions and bank employees) of gross monthly earnings, plus 0.1% of gross monthly earnings for the special disability pension. The voluntarily insured pay 8.86% of gross monthly earnings plus 0.1% of gross monthly earnings for the special disability pension.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 8.86% of gross monthly declared earnings plus 0.1% of gross monthly declared earnings for special disability pension.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 2.22% of gross monthly payroll.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Covers 40% of the cost of <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, and survivor pensions; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Jubilación Ordinaria por Vejez, social insurance):</span> At any age with at least 480 months of contributions; age 60 with at least 360 months of contributions; age 65 with at least 180 months of contributions; or age 70 with at least 120 months of contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease at the time the claim is made, but it may resume afterwards. During the first year of receiving the pension, a pensioner who resumes employment must work for an employer other than the one that certified the pension claim.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age social pension (Pensión para Adultos Mayores, social assistance, income tested):</span> Age 65 and not receiving or entitled to receive any social insurance benefit.</p>
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<p>Income test: The family's income must be in the bottom 40% of all household incomes according to the <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr>.</p>
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<p>The <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr> is a national registry used to identify needy families.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (Jubilación por Invalidez, social insurance):</span> Must have at least a 50% assessed loss of earning capacity and at least 60 months of contributions, including contributions in the six months before the disability began; at least 120 months of contributions and not receiving an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension if the disability began within two years after the termination of employment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Special disability pension (Jubilación Especial de Discapacidad, social insurance):</span> Must have at least a 30% assessed degree of disability and at least 300 (physical disability) or 240 (mental disability) months of contributions; no contribution requirements for a total (100%) or absolute disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability social pension (Pensión para Personas con Discapacidad, social assistance, income tested):</span> Must have at least a 40% assessed degree of disability and not be receiving or entitled to receive any social insurance benefit.</p>
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<p>Income test: The family's income must be in the bottom 40% of all household incomes according to the <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr>.</p>
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<p>The <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr> is a national registry used to identify needy families.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Caregiver allowance (Bono Joaquín Gallegos Lara, social assistance, income tested):</span> Paid to the primary caregiver of a person with at least a 75% (physical disability) or 65% (mental disability) assessed degree of disability, suffering from a rare or catastrophic disease, or diagnosed with <abbr class="spell">HIV</abbr>/<abbr>AIDS</abbr> and younger than age 14.</p>
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<p>Income test: The family must be assessed as vulnerable, or living in poverty or extreme poverty, based on the <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr>; no income test if the beneficiary is diagnosed with <abbr class="spell">HIV</abbr>/<abbr>AIDS</abbr> and is younger than age 14.</p>
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<p>The <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr> is a national registry used to identify needy families.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (Pensión de Montepío, social insurance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive a social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension or had at least 60 months of contributions at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a widow or a dependent, disabled widower; a female or dependent, disabled male partner who cohabitated with the deceased for at least two years before the death or had children with the deceased; dependent orphans younger than age 18 (no limit if disabled); and, if there are no other survivors, a dependent mother and a dependent, disabled father.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or partner's pension ceases upon (re)marriage or cohabitation.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Auxilio de Funerales, social insurance):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive a social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension or had at least six months of contributions in the last 12 months at the time of death.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Jubilación Ordinaria por Vejez, social insurance):</span> A percentage of the insured's average monthly earnings is paid based on the insured's years of contributions: 43.75% with five years of contributions, increasing by 1.25% for each additional year of contributions up to 35 years. 83.25% of the insured's average monthly earnings is paid with 36 years of contributions, 86.05% with 37 years, 89.70% with 38 years, 94.30% with 39 years, or 100% with 40 years of contributions. The pension is increased by 1.25% of average monthly earnings for each year of contributions exceeding 40 years.</p>
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<p>Average monthly earnings are based on the insured's best five years of earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is $197.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is $2,167.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 12 monthly payments plus two bonus payments a year.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is adjusted annually based on the average inflation rate in the previous year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age social pension (Pensión para Adultos Mayores, social assistance, income tested):</span> $50 a month is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (Jubilación por Invalidez, social insurance):</span> A percentage of the insured's average monthly earnings is paid based on the insured's years of contributions: 43.75% with five years of contributions, increasing by 1.25% for each additional year of contributions up to 35 years. 83.25% of the insured's average monthly earnings is paid with 36 years of contributions, 86.05% with 37 years, 89.70% with 38 years, 94.30% with 39 years, or 100% with 40 years of contributions. The pension is increased by 1.25% of average monthly earnings for each year of contributions exceeding 40 years.</p>
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<p>Average monthly earnings are based on the insured's best five years of earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly disability pension is $197.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly disability pension is $2,167.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 12 monthly payments plus two bonus payments a year.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The disability pension is adjusted annually based on the average inflation rate in the previous year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Special disability pension (Jubilación Especial de Discapacidad, social insurance):</span> 68.75% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the best five years of earnings is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly special disability pension is $197.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly special disability pension is $2,167.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 12 monthly payments plus two bonus payments a year.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The special disability pension is adjusted annually based on the average inflation rate in the previous year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability social pension (Pensión para Personas con Discapacidad, social assistance, income tested):</span> $50 a month is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Caregiver allowance (Bono Joaquín Gallegos Lara, social assistance, income tested):</span> $240 a month is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (Pensión de Montepío, social insurance)</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 60% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to an eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or partner.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 40% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is split equally among eligible orphans.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Other dependent's pension:</span> In the absence of an eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> partner, or orphan, 40% of the social insurance <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is split equally among eligible dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly combined survivor pension is $197.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly combined survivor pension is $1,737 (2018).</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually based on the average inflation rate in the previous year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Auxilio de Funerales, social insurance):</span> A lump sum of up to $1,357.73 is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.iess.gob.ec/">https://www.iess.gob.ec/</a>), through its Directive Council, regulates, administers, and collects contributions to the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of Social and Economic Inclusion (<a href="https://www.inclusion.gob.ec/">http://www.inclusion.gob.ec/</a>) administers the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> and disability social pensions as part of the Bono de Desarrollo Humano program (see Family Allowances) and pays the caregiver allowance.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1935 (social insurance), implemented in 1942.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2001 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash and medical benefits) and employer-liability (cash maternity benefit) system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed and self-employed persons; and beneficiaries of <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, work injury, or survivor benefits (medical benefits only).</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for persons without mandatory coverage.</p>
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<p>Special systems for agricultural workers and small-scale fishermen.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer liability:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None for private-sector employees, employees of subnational public institutions, and social security beneficiaries; 2% of gross monthly covered earnings for other public-sector employees; 9% of gross monthly covered earnings for the voluntarily insured.</p>
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<p>Insured persons may insure their spouse with an additional contribution of 3.41% of gross monthly covered earnings; beneficiaries of an <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, or work injury pension may insure a spouse with an additional contribution of 4.15% of the monthly pension and children younger than 18 with an additional contribution of 3.41% of the monthly pension.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 9% of gross declared earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 9% of payroll for private-sector employees and employees of subnational public institutions; 7% for other public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> The total cost for <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability and work injury beneficiaries; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefit (Subsidio de Enfermedad, social insurance):</span> Must have at least six months of contributions before the incapacity began or at least 189 days of contributions in the eight months before the incapacity began. Coverage continues for 60 days after the insured ceases to pay contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefit (Subsidio de Maternidad, social insurance and employer liability):</span> Must have at least 12 months of contributions before giving birth. Prenatal care is provided with at least three months of contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Must have at least three months of continuous contributions. Coverage continues for 60 days after the insured ceases to pay contributions.</p>
|
|
<p>Eligible dependents include a worker's children up to age 18, and beneficiaries of the orphan's pension.</p>
|
|
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (Subsidio de Enfermedad, social insurance):</span> 75% of the insured's earnings used to calculate contributions in the three months before the incapacity began is paid for up to 70 days after a three-day waiting period; thereafter, 66% is paid for up to 112 days. (The employer pays 50% of the insured's earnings during the first three days of incapacity.)</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (Subsidio de Maternidad, social insurance and employer liability):</span> 100% of the insured's last earnings used to calculate contributions is paid for two weeks before and 10 weeks after the expected date of childbirth. The benefit is paid for an additional 10 days for multiple births. (The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute pays 75% of the cost of the benefit, and the employer pays the remaining 25%.)</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Medical facilities operated by the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute provide medical services directly to patients. Benefits include general and specialist care, surgery, hospitalization, medicine, laboratory services, and dental care. A refund for the cost of medical care provided through external health service providers is available.</p>
|
|
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Benefits for dependents are the same as for the insured.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.iess.gob.ec/">https://www.iess.gob.ec/</a>), through its Directive Council, regulates, administers, and collects contributions to the programs and operates its own clinics, dispensaries, and hospitals.</p>
|
|
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1964 (work injury insurance).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2001 (social security) and 2015 (labor justice and domestic work).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Employed and self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p>Voluntary coverage for persons without mandatory coverage.</p>
|
|
<p>Exclusions: Citizens of Ecuador residing abroad.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None; 0.2% of gross monthly covered earnings for the voluntarily insured.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 0.2% of gross monthly covered declared earnings.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.2% of monthly covered payroll.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Covers 40% of the cost of work injury pensions; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p>Must be assessed with a work injury or occupational disease. Must have at least six months or 180 days of contributions for a disability resulting from an occupational disease. Accidents that occur while commuting to or from work are covered.</p>
|
|
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>75% of the insured's average earnings is paid after a <span class="nobr">two-day</span> waiting period for up to 70 days; thereafter, 66% until the end of the 12th month. If the disability lasts more than one year, 80% of the insured's average earnings is paid for up to one additional year.</p>
|
|
<p>Average earnings are based on the insured's earnings in the three months before the disability began.</p>
|
|
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension (Pensión por Incapacidad Permanente):</span> 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings is paid if the insured is assessed with a total disability that does not require the constant attendance of others; 100% of average monthly earnings if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
|
|
<p>Average monthly earnings are based on the insured's covered earnings the last year before the disability began or in the last five years, whichever is greater</p>
|
|
<p>Partial disability (Indemnización Global Única por Incapacidad Permanente Parcial): For an assessed partial disability, a lump sum of 60 times the insured's average monthly earnings in the year before the disability began (over the total contribution period if less than one year) multiplied by the assessed degree of disability is paid.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum partial disability benefit is 100 times the minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>Schedule of payments: 12 monthly payments plus two bonus payments a year.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually. Adjustments range from 4.31% to 16.16% and are inversely proportional to the benefit amount.</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>Benefits include medical and surgical care, hospitalization, appliances, and rehabilitation.</p>
|
|
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (Pensión de Montepío)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 60% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or registered partner who cohabitated with the deceased.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 40% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is split equally among dependent orphans younger than age 18 (no limit if disabled).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Other dependent's pension:</span> If there is no eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> partner, or orphan, 40% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is split equally among a dependent mother and a dependent father with a disability.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly combined survivor pension is $197.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum monthly combined survivor pension is $1,737 (2018).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Auxilio de Funerales):</span> A lump sum of up to $1,357.73 is paid.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.iess.gob.ec/">https://www.iess.gob.ec/</a>), through its Directive Council, regulates, administers, and collects contributions to the program.</p>
|
|
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1951.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2001 (social security) and 2016 (unemployment benefit).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and mandatory individual account system.</p>
|
|
<p>Note: In 2016, a new unemployment benefit was introduced that is partially financed through funds that were previously accumulated in the individual account.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Public- and private-sector employees.</p>
|
|
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons, agricultural workers, small-scale fishermen, and unpaid home-based workers.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Mandatory individual account:</span> Employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> 2% of gross monthly covered earnings.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 1% of gross monthly covered payroll.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $394.</p>
|
|
<p>There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> Provides subsidies in special cases.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Unemployment benefit (social insurance and mandatory individual account):</span> Must have at least 24 months of contributions, including six continuous months of contributions immediately before unemployment began. The benefit is paid after two months of involuntary unemployment.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Severance benefit (mandatory individual account):</span> Must have at least 24 months of contributions. The benefit is paid after two months of unemployment.</p>
|
|
<h3>Unemployment Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Unemployment benefit (social insurance and mandatory individual account):</span> Up to 70% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the 12 months before unemployment began is paid in the first month; 65% in the second month; 60% in the third month; 55% in the fourth month; and 50% in the fifth month. The benefit is paid for a maximum of five months.</p>
|
|
<p>After the fifth month, the insured may withdraw the total account balance remaining in the individual account.</p>
|
|
<p>The social insurance solidarity fund pays part of the monthly benefit, and the individual account funds the remainder.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Severance benefit (mandatory individual account):</span> A lump sum of the account balance is paid if the insured becomes unemployed or starts receiving an <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> permanent disability, or permanent work injury pension. If the insured dies, the benefit is paid to a widow, a disabled widower, orphans younger than age 18, or, if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphan, certain other surviving relatives.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.iess.gob.ec/">https://www.iess.gob.ec/</a>) collects contributions and administers the programs.</p>
|
|
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1998 (Bono Solidario).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2003 (conditional cash transfer), 2013 (conditional cash transfer increment), and 2019 (social assistance benefits).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Needy citizens of Ecuador.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family cash transfer (Bono de Desarrollo Humano, income tested):</span> Paid to vulnerable families who meet certain requirements related to health, education, housing, eradication of child labor, and family development.</p>
|
|
<p>Income test: Must be registered as living in poverty or extreme poverty in the <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr>.</p>
|
|
<p>The <abbr class="spell">SIIRS</abbr> is a national registry used to identify needy families.</p>
|
|
<p>Child supplement (Bono de Desarrollo Humano con Componente Variable): Paid to families living in extreme poverty with children younger than age 18.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family cash transfer (Bono de Desarrollo Humano, income tested):</span> $50 a month is paid to the head of household.</p>
|
|
<p>Child supplement (Bono de Desarrollo Humano con Componente Variable): $30.00 a month is paid for the first child younger than age 5, $27.00 a month for the second, and $24.30 a month for the third. $10 a month is paid for the first child aged 5 to 17, $9.00 a month for the second, and $8.10 a month for the third.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum monthly family cash transfer is $150.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Social and Economic Inclusion (<a href="https://www.inclusion.gob.ec/">http://www.inclusion.gob.ec/</a>) administers the program.</p>
|
|
</div>
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</article>
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