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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2019</h1>
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<h1>Dominica</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 2.70 East Caribbean dollars (<abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1970 (provident fund).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (social security) and 2012 (social security regulations).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<p>Note: The public assistance program provides a noncontributory social assistance pension of <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$300 a month to needy persons older than age 70 who have no other source of income.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed and self-employed persons, and apprentices.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage is available.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 6.0% (gradually rising by 0.25% every two years until reaching 7.50% in 2031) of weekly covered earnings; 10.65% (gradually rising by 0.25% each year until reaching 13.65% in 2031) of covered earnings for the voluntarily insured.</p>
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<p>There are no minimum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p>The maximum annual earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$84,000.</p>
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<p>The insured person's contributions also finance cash sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 12% (gradually rising by 0.25% each year until reaching 15% in 2031) of covered declared income for the previous year.</p>
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<p>Self-employed persons may pay contributions monthly or quarterly.</p>
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<p>The minimum annual earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$7,200.</p>
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<p>The maximum annual earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$84,000.</p>
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<p>The self-employed person's contributions also finance cash sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 6.75% (gradually rising by 0.25% every two years until reaching 8.25% in 2031) of weekly or monthly covered payroll.</p>
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<p>There are no minimum earnings used to calculate contributions.</p>
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<p>The maximum annual earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$84,000.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance cash sickness and maternity benefits, and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 64 (rising by six months a year until reaching age 65 in 2021) with at least 500 weeks of paid or credited contributions, including at least 150 weeks of paid contributions.</p>
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<p>Contributions are credited for each complete contributory week the insured received sickness, maternity, or work injury temporary disability benefits. Contributions may be credited under certain conditions for each complete contributory week the insured received work injury permanent total disability benefits.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Age 60 with at least 500 weeks of paid or credited contributions, including at least 150 weeks of paid contributions.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension may be deferred indefinitely.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> Age 64 (rising by six months a year until reaching age 65 in 2021) with at least 50 weeks but less than 500 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Contributions are credited for each complete contributory week the insured received sickness, maternity, or work injury temporary disability benefits. Contributions may be credited under certain conditions for each complete contributory week the insured received work injury permanent total disability benefits.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> grant is payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Must be younger than age 60, assessed with a permanent incapacity for work, and have at least 150 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Contributions are credited for each complete contributory week the insured received sickness, maternity, or work injury temporary disability benefits. Contributions may be credited under certain conditions for each complete contributory week the insured received work injury permanent total disability benefits.</p>
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<p>A registered medical practitioner assesses the incapacity for work.</p>
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<p>The disability pension ceases at the normal retirement age and is replaced by an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension of the same value.</p>
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<p>The disability pension is payable abroad if the purpose of travel is to receive medical treatment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> Must be younger than age 60, assessed with a permanent incapacity for work, and have at least 50 weeks but less than 150 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Contributions are credited for each complete contributory week the insured received sickness, maternity, or work injury temporary disability benefits. Contributions may be credited under certain conditions for each complete contributory week the insured received work injury permanent total disability benefits.</p>
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<p>A registered medical practitioner assesses the incapacity for work.</p>
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<p>The disability grant is payable abroad if the purpose of travel is to receive medical treatment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a dependent spouse; dependent orphans younger than age 16 (age 21 if a student, unmarried, and unemployed; no limit if disabled); and dependent parents and grandparents of pensionable age, if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or dependent orphan.</p>
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<p>The survivor pension ceases upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
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<p>The survivor pension is payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased had at least 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions but did not qualify for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Contributions are credited for each complete contributory week the deceased received sickness, maternity, or work injury temporary disability benefits. Contributions may be credited under certain conditions for each complete contributory week the deceased received work injury permanent total disability benefits.</p>
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<p>The survivor grant is payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, sickness, maternity, or work injury benefit. Paid when the insured, the insured's uninsured spouse, or one of the insured's dependent children younger than age 21 (if a student, unmarried, and unemployed) dies.</p>
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<p>The funeral grant is not payable abroad.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> 30% of the insured's average earnings plus 1% for every 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions exceeding 500 weeks is paid.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on the insured's best 10 years of earnings in the last 15 years.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$75.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>Early pension: The pension is reduced by 0.5% for each month it is claimed before the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension increases by 6% for each complete year of deferral after the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the insured's average weekly earnings is paid for every 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are the insured's total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted every three years based on changes in the consumer price index, up to a maximum of 5%.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> 30% of the insured's average earnings plus 1% of average earnings for every 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions exceeding 500 weeks is paid.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on the insured's best 10 years of earnings in the last 15 years; if the number of years worked is less than 10, the average is based on insured's total earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly disability pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$75.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly disability pension is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the insured's average weekly earnings is paid for every 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are the insured's total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted every three years based on changes in the consumer price index, up to a maximum of 5%.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span> If the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> was married to the deceased for less than three years or is younger than age 50, the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> receives a survivor pension for one year or while caring for dependent children.</p>
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<p>A <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> can receive a survivor pension and either an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension or a disability pension at the same time. The total amount received is 100% of the higher pension and 50% of the lower pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for each of the first two eligible orphans (33% if a full orphan or disabled). If there are more than two orphans, the total pension amount is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Other eligible survivor's pension:</span> If there is no eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphan, 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a dependent parent or grandparent.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Survivor pensions are adjusted every three years based on changes in the consumer price index, up to a maximum of 5%.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the deceased's average weekly earnings is paid for every 50 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are the insured's total covered earnings divided by the total number of weeks of contributions.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The survivor grant is adjusted every three years based on changes in the consumer price index, up to a maximum of 5%.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum is paid to the person who pays for the funeral. <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$3,000 is paid when the insured dies; <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$2,500 for the death of an uninsured spouse; or <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$1,250 for the death of a dependent child.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The funeral grant for insured persons increases by <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$300 every three years; the grant amounts for other eligible persons increase proportionally at the same time.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://finance.gov.dm/">http://finance.gov.dm/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Dominica Social Security (https://www.dss.dm/), governed by the Social Security Board, administers the social insurance program and collects contributions.</p>
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<p>Division of Social Welfare of the Ministry of Social Services, Family and Gender Affairs administers social assistance benefits.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1975 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Cash benefits only.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed and self-employed persons, and apprentices.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefit:</span> Employed persons must have at least 13 weeks of covered employment immediately before the incapacity began, including at least eight weeks of paid contributions. Self-employed persons must have at least 52 weeks of covered self-employment immediately before the incapacity began, including at least two quarters of paid contributions in the last three consecutive quarters. The incapacity must last at least four days.</p>
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<p>A registered medical practitioner assesses the incapacity for work.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefit:</span> Employed persons must have at least 30 weeks of contributions, including at least 20 weeks in the 30 weeks before maternity leave began. Self-employed persons must have at least three quarters of paid contributions in the four consecutive quarters before the quarter in which maternity leave began.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity grant:</span> Paid to an insured woman or the uninsured spouse of an insured man. Employed persons must have at least 26 weeks of paid contributions in the 52 weeks before the expected date of childbirth. Self-employed persons must have at least three quarters of paid contributions in the four consecutive quarters before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings in the last 13 weeks is paid from the first day of incapacity. The benefit is paid for up to 26 weeks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings in the last 30 weeks is paid from three weeks before until nine weeks after the expected date of childbirth; under certain conditions, the benefit may be paid from six weeks before until up to six weeks after the expected date of childbirth for a maximum period of 12 weeks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$575 is paid for each child.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p>Public hospitals and clinics under the Ministry of Health provide primary and secondary health care to the general population.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://finance.gov.dm/">http://finance.gov.dm/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Dominica Social Security (https://www.dss.dm/), governed by the Social Security Board, administers the program and collects contributions.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1938 (workmen's compensation).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1985 (employment injury and occupational diseases).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including apprentices.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage is not available.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p>Must be assessed with a work injury or occupational disease. There is no minimum qualifying period. The disability must last at least four days.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>60% of the insured's average earnings in the last 13 weeks is paid for up to 26 weeks until the disability ends or certification of permanent disability.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>Up to 60% of the insured's average earnings in the last 13 weeks is paid, depending on the assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance allowance: If the insured is assessed with a 100% disability and requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions, 50% of the insured's permanent disability benefit is paid. The allowance is suspended if the insured is hospitalized.</p>
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<p>If the assessed degree of disability is less than 30%, a lump sum is paid.</p>
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<p>A registered medical practitioner assesses the incapacity for work.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical expenses of up to <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$6,000 are reimbursed for local and overseas treatment of work injuries and occupational diseases.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (Death Benefit)</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the permanent disability benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a dependent <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p>The spouse's pension ceases upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the permanent disability benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive (33% if a full orphan or disabled) is paid for each of the first two unmarried dependent orphans younger than age 16 (age 21 if a student, unmarried, and unemployed; no limit if disabled). If there are more than two eligible orphans, the total pension amount is split equally.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$50.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Other eligible survivor's pension:</span> If there is no eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphan, 50% of the permanent disability benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a dependent parent or grandparent.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the permanent disability benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> See funeral grant under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Finance (<a href="https://finance.gov.dm/">http://finance.gov.dm/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Dominica Social Security (https://www.dss.dm/), governed by the Social Security Board, administers the social insurance program and collects contributions.</p>
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|
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p>The Protection of Employment Act (1984) requires private-sector employers to contribute 0.25% of the employee's covered earnings to the Redundancy Benefit Fund to finance mandatory redundancy pay in cases of redundancy for employees with at least three years of continuous service. The benefit amount varies depending on the length of service: with up to five years of service, one week of the employee's pay for each year of service plus two weeks of pay for each year of service exceeding three years; with at least five years but less than 10 years of service, nine weeks of pay plus two weeks for each year of service exceeding five years; with at least 10 years of service, 19 weeks of pay plus three weeks for each year of service exceeding 10 years (up to a maximum of 52 weeks of pay). Managerial staff, household workers, family workers, and certain dock workers are excluded.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p>No known statutory benefits are provided.</p>
|
|
<p>The public assistance program provides cash benefits of <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$150 a month to needy adults and <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$127.50 a month to needy children (<abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$300 a month if disabled), up to a maximum of <abbr class="spell">EC</abbr>$375 a month per family.</p>
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