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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2019</h1>
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<h1>Angola</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 310 kwanza.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1990 (social security) and 2005 (funeral grant).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2004 (social protection), 2005 (funeral grant), 2005 (survivor pension and death grant), 2008 <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> pension), 2008 (self-employed persons), 2008 (members of the clergy), 2011 (funeral grant), 2016 (household workers), and 2018 (contribution rates).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including public-sector employees not covered by a special system, foreign nationals covered under bilateral agreements, and household workers; and self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for firefighters, military, intelligence, police, and correctional personnel and certain war veterans.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 3% of gross monthly earnings; 3% (full benefits) or 2% (partial benefits) of gross monthly earnings for household workers.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p>The insured person's contributions also finance cash maternity benefits and family allowances (except for household workers who choose to contribute for partial benefits).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 11% (full benefits) or 8% (partial benefits) of monthly declared earnings; 7% of monthly declared earnings <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> and survivor benefits) or 5% <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> benefits, death grant, and funeral grant) for members of the clergy.</p>
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<p>The self-employed person must choose between full and partial benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions for self-employed persons are the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers; four times the legal monthly minimum wage for members of the clergy.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions for self-employed persons are 35 times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers; 15 times the legal monthly minimum wage for members of the clergy.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p>The self-employed person's contributions (full benefits) also finance cash maternity benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 8% of gross monthly payroll; 8% (full benefits) or 6% (partial benefits) of gross monthly payroll for household workers.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance cash maternity benefits and family allowances (except for household workers who choose to contribute for partial benefits).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Pensão de Reforma por Velhice):</span> Age 60 with at least 180 months of contributions; at any age with at least 420 months of contributions. The retirement age for women is reduced by one year for each childbirth, up to five.</p>
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<p>Retirement is possible up to 10 years before the normal retirement age with at least 180 months of contributions in hazardous or arduous working conditions.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is payable abroad under bilateral agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age allowance (Abono de Velhice):</span> Age 60 and unemployed with at least 120 months but less than 180 months of contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent survivor pension (Pensão de Sobrevivência Vitalícia):</span> The deceased had at least 36 months of contributions in the five years before death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and parents aged 50 or older at the time of the deceased's death who are unable to work, and orphans assessed with a significant loss of earning capacity.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension ceases upon remarriage.</p>
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<p>The permanent survivor pension is payable abroad under bilateral agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Temporary survivor pension (Pensão de Sobrevivência Temporária):</span> The deceased had at least 36 months of contributions in the five years before death and the survivor does not qualify for a permanent survivor pension.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include an unemployed <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> at any age; a divorced spouse who was receiving alimony and has not remarried, and orphans up to age 18 (age 25 if a student; no limit if disabled).</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension ceases upon remarriage.</p>
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<p>The temporary survivor pension is payable abroad under bilateral agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant (Subsídio por Morte):</span> The deceased had at least six months of coverage and at least three months (36 months for members of the clergy) of contributions.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and orphans; if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphans, the grant may be paid to the deceased's parents, a divorced spouse who was receiving alimony and has not remarried, or the legal heir.</p>
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<p>The death grant is payable abroad under bilateral agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsídio de Funeral):</span> The deceased was employed and had at least three months (12 months for members of the clergy) of contributions in the 12 months immediately before death. The benefit is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphans.</p>
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<p>The funeral grant is payable abroad under bilateral agreement.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Pensão de Reforma por Velhice):</span> The insured's average monthly earnings in the last 36 months (12 months for civil servants) multiplied by the number of months of contributions, divided by 420, is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly old-pension is the national monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The national monthly minimum wage is 21,381 kwanzas (33,598.13 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly old-pension is 578,550 kwanzas.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age allowance (Abono de Velhice):</span> 30% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 12 months is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent survivor pension (Pensão de Sobrevivência Vitalícia):</span> 70% of the insured's last monthly earnings is split among eligible survivors in proportions determined by law.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly permanent survivor pension is the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Temporary survivor pension (Pensão de Sobrevivência Temporária):</span> 70% of the insured's last monthly earnings is split among eligible survivors in proportions determined by law. The benefit is paid for up to one year to an eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and until the orphan reaches age 19 (age 26 if a student).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly temporary survivor pension is the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant (Subsídio por Morte):</span> A lump sum of six times the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension at the time of death or the deceased's average monthly earnings in the last 12 months is paid. The grant is split equally among the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and orphans. If there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or orphan, the grant is paid to other eligible survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsídio de Funeral):</span> A lump sum of 25,000 kwanzas is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Public Administration, Labor, and Social Security (<a href="https://www.maptss.gov.ao/">http://www.maptss.gov.ao/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Institute (http://www.inss.gv.ao/) collects contributions and administers the programs.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1975 (national health service) and 1990 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1992 (health system), 2003 (health services), 2004 (social protection), 2011 (maternity), and 2015 (labor).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Universal (medical benefits), social insurance (cash maternity benefits), and employer-liability (cash sickness benefit) system.</p>
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<p>Note: A 2008 law extending the social insurance program's coverage to self-employed persons has been partially implemented. Provisions of the law are included below.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Universal (medical benefits):</span> Citizens of Angola.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance (cash maternity benefits):</span> Employed persons, including public-sector employees not covered by a special system and foreign nationals covered under bilateral agreements; and self-employed persons.</p>
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||
<p>Voluntary coverage for household workers.</p>
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||
<p>Special systems for firefighters, military, intelligence, police, and correctional personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer liability (cash sickness benefit):</span> Private-sector employees.</p>
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||
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Universal (medical benefits):</span> None.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance (cash maternity benefits):</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability (cash sickness benefit):</span> None.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Universal (medical benefits):</span> None.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance (cash maternity benefits):</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability (cash sickness benefit):</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Universal (medical benefits):</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance (cash maternity benefits):</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability (cash sickness benefit):</span> The total cost.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Universal (medical benefits):</span> The total cost.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance (cash maternity benefits):</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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||
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability (cash sickness benefit):</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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||
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefit (employer liability):</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefit (Subsídio de Maternidade, social insurance):</span> Must have at least six months of contributions in the last 12 months.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash <span class="nobr">at-risk</span> pregnancy benefit (Subsídio de Pré-maternidade, social insurance):</span> Must have at least six months of contributions in the last 12 months and be assessed with a risky pregnancy.</p>
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<p>The Provincial Health Committee assesses the pregnancy risk.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash breast-feeding benefit (Subsídio de Aleitamento, social insurance):</span> Must have at least three months of contributions in the last 12 months. Children must be vaccinated in accordance with Ministry of Health regulations.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (employer liability):</span> For employees in large and medium-sized enterprises, 100% of the employee's monthly earnings is paid for the first two months plus 50% from the third to the 12th month. For employees in small and microenterprises, 50% of the employee's earnings is paid for up to 90 days.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (Subsídio de Maternidade, social insurance):</span> 100% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the six months before the maternity leave began is paid for three months; four months in case of multiple births; 45 days in case of a stillbirth.</p>
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<p>The maternity leave can start from up to four weeks before the expected date of delivery.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">At-risk pregnancy benefit (Subsídio de Pré-maternidade, social insurance):</span> 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the six months before the prenatal leave began is paid from the assessment of a risky pregnancy until childbirth, up to 180 days.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Breastfeeding benefit (Subsídio de Aleitamento, social insurance):</span> For an insured person with monthly earnings of up to five times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 1,500 kwanzas a month is paid for each child younger than age 3; for monthly earnings above five times and up to 10 times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 1,000 kwanzas a month is paid; for monthly earnings above 10 times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 500 kwanzas a month is paid.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,503 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: The breastfeeding benefit is paid annually.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include free primary health care and specialist care with copayments.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
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<p>Ministry of Health (http://www.minsa.gov.ao/) administers the national health system.</p>
|
||
<p>National Social Security Institute (http://www.inss.gv.ao/), under the supervision of the Ministry of Public Administration, Labor, and Social Security (<a href="https://www.maptss.gov.ao/">http://www.maptss.gov.ao/</a>), administers the social insurance program and pays benefits.</p>
|
||
<p>Employers pay cash sickness benefits directly to employees.</p>
|
||
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
|
||
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1990 (social security).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2004 (social protection) and 2005 (work injury).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability system through private carriers.</p>
|
||
<p>Note: A separate system for public-sector employees has not yet been implemented.</p>
|
||
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
||
<p>Private-sector employees.</p>
|
||
<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons.</p>
|
||
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> The total cost of self-insurance.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> The total cost (pays insurance premiums).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
|
||
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
||
<p>Must be assessed with a work injury or occupational disease. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered. Occupational diseases are specified by law.</p>
|
||
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
|
||
<p>65% of the employee's last daily earnings is paid. In case of hospitalization: 100% of the employee's last daily earnings is paid for the first 30 days, 75% thereafter if the condition persists.</p>
|
||
<p>Partial disability: 70% of the difference in the employee's daily earnings before and after the incapacity began is paid.</p>
|
||
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
|
||
<p>For a total loss of work capacity in the usual occupation, 50% to 70% of the employee's reference earnings is paid based on the assessed loss of work capacity. For a total (100%) loss of capacity for any work, 80% of the employee's reference earnings is paid. If the employee is assessed with a total loss of capacity for any work, family allowances are also paid for each eligible family member.</p>
|
||
<p>Reference earnings are the employee's normal gross monthly earnings (work injury) or his or her average monthly earnings in the last 12 months (occupational diseases).</p>
|
||
<p>The maximum permanent disability pension (including family allowances) is 100% of the employee's average monthly earnings in the last 12 months.</p>
|
||
<p>Partial disability: For a partial loss of work capacity in the usual occupational, 70% of the employee's lost earnings is paid.</p>
|
||
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
||
<p>Benefits include necessary medical treatment, hospitalization, medicine, surgery, specialist treatment, rehabilitation, and prostheses.</p>
|
||
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (Pensão de Sobrevivência)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 30% of the employee's gross monthly earnings is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> younger than age 60; 40% if aged 60 or older or if assessed with a loss of working capacity. A divorced spouse receiving alimony at the time of the employee's death may be eligible for the spouse's pension.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h5">Orphan pension:</span> 20% of the employee's gross monthly earnings is paid to each orphan up to age 18 (age 25 if a student), up to three.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h5">Other eligible survivor's pension:</span> 10% of the employee's gross monthly earnings is paid to each surviving parent or grandparent, up to three.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Death grant (Subsídio por Morte):</span> A lump sum of six times the employee's base earnings is paid (50% to the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and 50% to the orphans; 100% with only one dependent survivor).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (Subsídio para Despesas de Funeral):</span> The cost of the funeral is paid, up to two times the employee's earnings at the time of death.</p>
|
||
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
||
<p>Ministry of Public Administration, Labor, and Social Security (<a href="https://www.maptss.gov.ao/">http://www.maptss.gov.ao/</a>) provides general supervision jointly with the National Social Security Institute (http://www.inss.gv.ao/).</p>
|
||
<p>Employers insure work injury liability through private carriers.</p>
|
||
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
||
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
||
<p>Under the 2015 labor law, employers must provide employees with severance pay for dismissal due to: unfair disciplinary dismissal, wrongful collective dismissal, the employer´s insolvency, restructuring, economic conditions, and for technological reasons. For unfair disciplinary dismissal or wrongful collective dismissal, the payment amount is the number of years of service at the time of dismissal multiplied by a percentage of the employee's basic salary (50% for employees of large enterprises; 30% for medium-sized enterprises; 20% for small enterprises; or 10% for microenterprises). For dismissal due to economic conditions, the benefit is the number of years of service multiplied by a percentage of the employee's basic salary at the time of dismissal: 100% for up to five years of service or 50% for more than five years (large enterprises); 100% for up to three years of service or 40% for more than three years (medium-sized enterprises); 100% for up to two years of service or 30% for more than two years (small enterprises); and 100% for up to two years or 20% for more than two years (microenterprises).</p>
|
||
<p>An additional benefit may be paid to employees dismissed due to wrongful termination or economic conditions.</p>
|
||
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
||
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1990 (social security).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2004 (social protection) and 2011 (family benefits).</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
|
||
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
||
<p>Employed persons, including public-sector employees not covered by a special system and foreign nationals covered under bilateral agreements; and pensioners.</p>
|
||
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons and members of the clergy.</p>
|
||
<p>Special systems for firefighters, military, intelligence, police, and correctional personnel.</p>
|
||
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
||
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Family allowance (Abono de Família):</span> Paid for up to five children aged 3 to 14 whose parents are employed or receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
|
||
<p>Children must be vaccinated in accordance with Ministry of Health regulations, and regularly attend school.</p>
|
||
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
||
<p><span class="h4">Family allowance (Abono de Família):</span> For an insured person with monthly income (either from earnings or a pension) up to five times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 800 kwanzas a month is paid for each eligible child; for monthly income above five times and up to 10 times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 500 kwanzas a month is paid for each child; for monthly income above 10 times the legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers, 300 kwanzas a month is paid for each child.</p>
|
||
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage for agricultural workers is 16,500 kwanzas (21,454 kwanzas as of March 2019).</p>
|
||
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
||
<p>Ministry of Public Administration, Labor, and Social Security (<a href="https://www.maptss.gov.ao/">http://www.maptss.gov.ao/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
|
||
<p>National Social Security Institute (http://www.inss.gv.ao/) administers the program and pays benefits to pensioners.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
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</article>
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