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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2016</h1>
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<h1>Marshall Islands</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: Currency is the <abbr class="spell">US</abbr> dollar (<abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1967.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1990 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Gainfully employed persons, including self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Certain casual workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 7% of earnings.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 14% of 75% of gross income.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 7% of payroll; small business employers contribute 14% of twice the salary of the highest-paid employee.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 60 with one quarter of coverage for each year after June 30, 1968 (or since age 21 if younger than age 21 on June 30, 1968).</p>
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<p>A minimum pension is paid with at least 12 quarters of coverage.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Age 55 with at least 80 quarters of coverage.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension may be deferred.</p>
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<p>Retirement is not necessary.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension may be reduced if the pensioner continues to work from age 60 to 62.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> Age 60 and does not meet the coverage requirements for the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>Old-age benefits are payable abroad to noncitizens for up to six months; may be paid for longer under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Must have an incapacity for usual work and at least one quarter of coverage for each year after June 30, 1968 (or since age 21, if younger than age 21 on June 30, 1968), with at least 12 quarters of coverage including at least six quarters of coverage in the last 40 quarters before the disability began.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension may be reduced if the insured continues to work.</p>
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<p>One or more doctors appointed by the Social Security Administration assesses the degree of disability at least once every three years.</p>
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<p>The pension is suspended if the pensioner recovers or fails to report for a required medical examination.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> Must be assessed with an incapacity for usual work and not meet the coverage requirements for the disability pension.</p>
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<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad to noncitizens for up to six months; may be paid for longer under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased had one quarter of coverage for each year after June 30, 1968 (or since age 21, if younger than age 21 on June 30, 1968), or at least six quarters of coverage in the 40 quarters before death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of any age and orphans younger than age 18 (age 22 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student, no limit if disabled before age 22).</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The survivor pension may be reduced if the survivor continues to work.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> Paid when all eligible survivors no longer qualify for a survivor pension as a result of death, remarriage, or age.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad to noncitizens for up to six months; may be paid for longer under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The monthly pension is 8.3% of the sum of 2% of the insured's indexed covered earnings plus 14.5% of the first <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$11,000 of cumulative covered earnings plus 0.7% of cumulative covered earnings from <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$11,001 to <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$44,000.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$128.99.</p>
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<p>Early pension: The pension is reduced by 0.5% for each month the pension is taken before the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension is increased by 0.5% for each month the pension is deferred after the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension is reduced by <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1 for every <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$3 of earnings above <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a quarter until the quarter in which the insured reaches age 62.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> A lump sum of 4% of the insured's cumulative covered earnings is paid.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits may be adjusted once every two years. The increase must not exceed the increase in the consumer price index in the last two years.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The monthly pension is 8.3% of the sum of 2% of the insured's indexed covered earnings plus 14.5% of the first <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$11,000 of cumulative covered earnings plus 0.7% of cumulative covered earnings from <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$11,001 to <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$44,000.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly disability pension is <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$128.99.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension is reduced by <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1 for every <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$3 of earnings above <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a quarter until the quarter in which the insured reaches age 62.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of 4% of the insured's cumulative covered earnings is paid.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits may be adjusted every two years. The increase must not exceed the increase in the consumer price index in the last two years.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly spouse's pension is <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$128.99.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension is reduced by <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1 for every <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$3 of earnings above <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a quarter until the quarter in which the survivor reaches age 62.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each eligible orphan.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$128.99.</p>
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<p>Earnings test: The pension is reduced by <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1 for every <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$3 of earnings above <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1,500 a quarter.</p>
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<p>All survivor pensions combined must not exceed 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum is paid of 4% of the deceased's cumulative covered earnings minus the sum of all survivor benefits already paid.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits may be adjusted every two years. The increase must not exceed the increase in the consumer price index in the last two years.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Marshall Islands Social Security Administration (<a href="https://rmimissa.org/">http://www.rmimissa.org/</a>) administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1991 (health fund).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2002 (health fund administration).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Medical benefits only.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Gainfully employed persons, including self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Certain casual workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 3.5% of earnings.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 7% of 75% of gross income.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3.5% of payroll; small business employers contribute 7% of twice the salary of the highest-paid employee.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$5,000 a quarter.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness and maternity benefits:</span> No statutory cash benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness and maternity benefits:</span> No statutory cash benefits are provided.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>General medical services are delivered through public hospitals in Majuro and Ebeye. Referrals to the Philippines and Hawaii are covered for patients with life-threatening conditions.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Health Services administers the Social Security Health Fund.</p>
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<p>Marshall Islands Social Security Administration (<a href="https://rmimissa.org/">http://www.rmimissa.org/</a>) is responsible for the collection of contributions for the Social Security Health Fund.</p>
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