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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2017</h1>
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<h1>Bolivia</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 6.90 bolivianos.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1949 (social insurance) and 1956 (social security), implemented in 1959.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1996 (mandatory individual account), implemented in 1997; 2007 (universal pension), implemented in 2008; 2010 (integrated pensions system); 2011 (social security regulations); 2012 (persons with disabilities); 2013 (disability solidarity grant); and 2013 (increases in universal and solidarity pension).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Universal and mandatory individual account system.</p>
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<p>Note: In 1997, all active members of the old social insurance system were transferred to a system of privately managed mandatory individual accounts.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Universal:</span> Resident citizens of Bolivia.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Public-sector workers (disability solidarity grant).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Mandatory individual account:</span> Salaried workers, including military personnel and apprentices.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> 10% of monthly covered earnings <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> benefits) plus 1.71% (disability and survivor benefits) and 0.5% (administrative fees). For the solidarity pension, 0.5% of monthly declared earnings from 1,656 bolivianos to 13,000 bolivianos; 1% of monthly declared earnings from 13,001 bolivianos to 25,000 bolivianos; 5% of monthly declared earnings from 25,001 bolivianos to 35,000 bolivianos; and 10% of monthly declared earnings above 35,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>20% of the insured person's contributions for disability and survivors insurance also finances the solidarity pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> 10% of monthly covered declared earnings <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> benefits) plus 1.71% (disability and survivor benefits) and 0.5% (administrative fees). For the solidarity pension, 0.5% of monthly declared earnings from 1,656 bolivianos to 13,000 bolivianos; 1% of monthly declared earnings from 13,001 bolivianos to 25,000 bolivianos; 5% of monthly declared earnings from 25,001 bolivianos to 35,000 bolivianos; and 10% of monthly declared earnings above 35,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>Mining cooperatives contribute 2% of declared income from sales (solidarity pension).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly declared earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly declared earnings used to calculate contributions are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>20% of the self-employed person's contributions for disability and survivors insurance also finances the solidarity pension. See also source of funds under Work Injury.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> None (old age benefits); premiums finance disability and survivor benefits. For the solidarity pension, 3% of covered payroll; 2% for the mining sector. See also source of funds under Work Injury.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> The total cost of the universal <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is financed by taxes on hydro-carbons and dividends from public enterprises; the total cost of the solidarity disability grant is financed by the National Solidarity and Equity Fund (FNSE).</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> Finances the value of accrued rights under the social insurance system and the funeral grant; no contributions for the solidarity pension.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Renta Dignidad, universal):</span> Age 60.</p>
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<p>The universal <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is payable abroad temporarily in certain cases.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (mandatory individual account):</span> At any age if the individual account balance is sufficient to finance a monthly pension of 60% of the insured's average monthly covered earnings in the last two years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than two years of contributions), funeral expenses, and survivor benefits for the insured's dependents.</p>
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<p>Age 55 (men) or age 50 (women) with accrued rights under the old social insurance system, if the individual account balance is sufficient to finance a monthly pension of 60% of the insured's average monthly covered earnings in the last two years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than two years of contributions), funeral expenses, and survivor benefits for the insured's dependents.</p>
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<p>Age 58 (age 56 for miners) with at least 10 years of contributions if the individual account balance is sufficient to finance a monthly pension that is greater than the solidarity pension.</p>
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<p>The retirement age for women is reduced by one year for each live birth, up to three. The retirement age for miners is reduced by up to five years for work in unhealthy conditions (one year for every two years of work in unhealthy conditions).</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is payable abroad temporarily in certain cases.</p>
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<p>Solidarity pension: Age 58 (age 56 for miners) with at least 10 years of contributions, and the individual account balance is insufficient to finance a monthly pension above a legally defined threshold.</p>
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<p>The retirement age for women is reduced by one year for each child born alive, up to three. The retirement age for miners is reduced by up to five years for work in unhealthy conditions (one year for every two years of work in unhealthy conditions).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (mandatory individual account):</span> Must be younger than age 65, have at least a 60% assessed degree of disability, have at least five years of contributions to the social insurance or individual account programs or during half the period between the date of the first individual account contribution and the date the disability began; and be currently contributing or have ceased contributing no longer than 12 months before the disability began. If the disability is due to an illness, the insured must also have at least 18 months of contributions in the last 36 months before the disability began.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: Must be younger than age 65 and have a 50% to 59% assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p>Severe disability supplement: Must have at least an 80% assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p>Certified medical doctors assess the degree of disability.</p>
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<p>The disability pension ceases at age 65 and is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>The disability pension is payable abroad temporarily in certain cases.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability solidarity grant (universal):</span> Must be assessed with a severe (unable to perform most daily tasks) or very severe (in need of the constant attendance of others to perform daily tasks) disability.</p>
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<p>The benefit is not paid for visual impairments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (mandatory individual account):</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension; had at least five years of contributions to the social insurance or individual account programs or during half the period between the date of the first individual account contribution and the date of death; and was either still contributing or had ceased contributing no longer than 12 months before the death. If the death was the result of an illness, the deceased must also have had at least 18 months of contributions in the last 36 months before the date of death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or cohabiting partner and children younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if disabled).</p>
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<p>If there is no eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> partner, or child, other eligible survivors include the deceased's parents, brothers and sisters younger than age 18, or other survivors named by the insured.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> or partner's pension ceases upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
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<p>The survivor pension is payable abroad temporarily in certain cases.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (mandatory individual account):</span> Paid when an insured worker younger than age 60 or a citizen aged 60 or older dies.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (Renta Dignidad, universal):</span> 3,900 bolivianos a year is paid for life; 3,250 bolivianos to a person receiving another pension.</p>
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<p>The benefit is paid monthly, bimonthly, quarterly, or annually.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The benefit is adjusted every three years based on available funds.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (mandatory individual account):</span> The insured must purchase a fixed or variable life annuity, depending on the account balance at retirement. (The value of accrued rights under the old social insurance system is combined with the individual account balance at retirement.)</p>
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<p>The first monthly amount paid under a variable life annuity must be at least 60% of the insured's average covered earnings in the last two years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than two years of contributions).</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted annually according to the <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> (Unidad de Fomento de Vivienda).</p>
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<p>The <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> is adjusted daily according to changes in the cost of living.</p>
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<p>Solidarity pension: The difference between the individual account balance and a legally defined threshold corresponding to the insured's number of years of contributions is paid. The benefit increases incrementally with 10 years (640 bolivianos) to 35 or more years of contributions (up to 4,200 bolivianos) (October 2017).</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (mandatory individual account):</span> For an assessed degree of disability of at least 60%, 70% of the insured's average earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions) is paid.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: For an assessed degree of disability of 50% to 59%, the pension is the degree of disability multiplied by the insured's average earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions).</p>
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<p>Severe disability supplement: A monthly benefit equal to the legal monthly minimum wage is paid.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>The insurance company pays a monthly contribution of 10% of the insured's average earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions) to the insured person's individual account until retirement or death.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the disability pension are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the disability pension are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
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<p>If an insured person assessed with a disability does not meet the contribution requirements for a disability pension, the insured may use the individual account balance plus accrued rights under the old social insurance system (if applicable) to purchase a temporary annuity. The monthly annuity is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions). The minimum monthly annuity is 60% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted annually according to the <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> (Unidad de Fomento de Vivienda).</p>
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<p>The <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> is adjusted daily according to changes in the cost of living.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability solidarity grant (universal):</span> 1,000 bolivianos a year is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (mandatory individual account)</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 90% of the monthly base survivor pension is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or cohabiting partner with no eligible children; 70% if there is one eligible child; and 50% if there are two or more eligible children. (Life insurance tops up the accumulated capital in the deceased's individual account if the balance plus accrued rights under the old social insurance system (if applicable) is insufficient to finance the minimum survivor pension.)</p>
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<p>The monthly base survivor pension is the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> (mandatory individual account or solidarity) or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive at the time of death, whichever is greater, depending on the deceased's age at the time of death.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate the monthly base pension are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate the monthly base survivor pension are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 20% of the monthly base survivor pension is paid for one orphan; 50% is split equally if there are two or more orphans; and 100% is split equally among full orphans. (Life insurance tops up the accumulated capital in the deceased's individual account if the balance plus accrued rights under the old social insurance system (if applicable) is insufficient to finance the minimum survivor pension.)</p>
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<p>The monthly base survivor pension is the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> (mandatory individual account or solidarity) or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive at the time of death, whichever is greater, depending on the deceased's age at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
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<p>When an orphan ceases to be eligible, the <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> or partner's pension is recalculated.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined spouse's and orphan's benefit is 100% of the monthly base survivor pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Other eligible survivor's pension:</span> If there is no eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> partner, or child, 60% of the monthly base survivor pension is divided equally among other eligible survivors.</p>
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<p>The monthly base survivor pension is the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> (mandatory individual account or solidarity) or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive at the time of death, whichever is greater, depending on the deceased's age at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor benefit for other eligible survivors is 60% of the monthly base survivor pension.</p>
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<p>If the deceased did not meet the contribution requirements for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension, the deceased's individual account balance plus accrued rights under the old social insurance system (if applicable) may be used to purchase a temporary annuity. The monthly annuity is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions). The minimum monthly annuity is 60% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted annually according to the <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> (Unidad de Fomento de Vivienda).</p>
|
|
<p>The <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> is adjusted daily according to changes in the cost of living.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (mandatory individual account):</span> A lump sum of 2,000 bolivianos is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Note: The Public Management Body for <span class="nobr">Long-Term</span> Social Security, once established, will take over administration of <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, and survivors benefits, under the supervision of the Ministry of the Economy and Public Finances. The Public Management Body for <span class="nobr">Long-Term</span> Social Security will transfer administration of disability benefits to the Public Insurance Entity, once established.</p>
|
|
<p>Ministry of the Economy and Public Finances (<a href="https://www.economiayfinanzas.gob.bo/">http://www.economiayfinanzas.gob.bo/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Pension and Insurance Auditing Authority (APS) supervises the Pension Fund Administrators (<abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s).</p>
|
|
<p><abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s administer the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> and solidarity pension and funeral grants and contract with insurance companies for disability and survivor insurance.</p>
|
|
<p>Financial institutions approved by <abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s collect contributions through the integrated pension system (SIP).</p>
|
|
<p>Insurance companies administer the disability pension and survivor pension program.</p>
|
|
<p>Assessment Body, established by the <abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s and the insurance companies, determines the degree of disability.</p>
|
|
<p>Approved financial entities pay universal pension (Renta Dignidad) benefits.</p>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Health and Sports (<a href="https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/">https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/</a>) administers the disability solidarity grant.</p>
|
|
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1949.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1956 (social security code), 1959 (regulations), 1987 (social security), 1988 (job protection), 1998 (health), 2002 (maternity), 2009 (job protection; health insurance for university students; and health care for dependents), 2011 (health resolution), 2012 (paternity), and 2013 (integral health care).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash sickness, maternity, and medical benefits), employer-liability (paternity benefits), and social assistance (medical benefits) system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons, and persons older than age 60 (medical benefits only).</p>
|
|
<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer liability:</span> Employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Residents of Bolivia not covered by medical insurance and restricted to: pregnant women up to six months after child delivery; children younger than age five; persons older than age 60; registered disabled persons, and women of reproductive age for sexual and reproductive health care.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; pensioners contribute 3% of their monthly pensions.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Pay contributions. (Self-employed miners contribute 10% of 1.3 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>Mining cooperatives contribute 1.8% of declared income from sales.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p>The self-employed person's contributions also finance temporary disability benefits and medical benefits under Work Injury.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 10% of payroll.</p>
|
|
<p>The employer's contributions also finance temporary disability benefits and medical benefits under Work Injury.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; the total costs of health insurance for university students not otherwise covered.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefit (social insurance):</span> Must have at least two months of contributions before the incapacity began.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefit (social insurance):</span> Must have at least six months of contributions in the 12 months immediately before the expected month of childbirth. The benefit is paid to an insured woman or to the wife of an insured man.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Paternity benefit (employer liability):</span> Must provide a medical certificate confirming a spouse's or partners child delivery.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Must have at least one month of contributions in the last two months.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social assistance):</span> Medical services with a specialist must be accessed by referral.</p>
|
|
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (social insurance):</span> 75% of the insured's last monthly earnings is paid after a <span class="nobr">four-day</span> waiting period for up to 26 weeks (the first three days of sick leave are paid by the employer).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (social insurance):</span> 90% of the insured's monthly earnings at the beginning of the maternity leave is paid for up to 45 days before and 45 days after the expected date of childbirth.</p>
|
|
<p>Job protection: Both parents have the right to retain their job position, salary, and grade during the entire pregnancy and until the child is 12 months old.</p>
|
|
<p>Additional maternity benefits are paid under Family Allowances.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Paternity benefit (employer liability):</span> 100% of the employee's daily earnings are paid for up to three days.</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Medical benefits include general, specialist, and preventive care; maternity care; diagnostic services; surgery; hospitalization; prostheses; organ transplants; dental care; and medicine.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Medical benefits include general, specialist, and preventive care; maternity care; diagnostic services; surgery, hospitalization; dental care; and essential medicine.</p>
|
|
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Health (<a href="https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/">https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/</a>) provides supervision through the National Health Insurance Institute.</p>
|
|
<p>Auditing Authority of the National Health System (<abbr class="spell">ASINSA</abbr>) administers the program).</p>
|
|
<p>National Health Fund (http://www.cns.gob.bo/) and <span class="nobr">short-term</span> social insurers collect contributions.</p>
|
|
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1924.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1956 (social security code); 1959 (regulations); 1987 (social security); 1996 (mandatory individual account), implemented in 1997; and 2010 (integrated pensions system).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (temporary disability and medical benefits) and mandatory individual account (permanent disability and survivor benefits) system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Salaried workers and apprentices.</p>
|
|
<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under Sickness and Maternity.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under Sickness and Maternity.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> 1.71% of covered earnings.</p>
|
|
<p>20% of the self-employed person's contribution also finances the solidarity pension. See also source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under Sickness and Maternity.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> 1.71% of covered payroll.</p>
|
|
<p>20% of the employer's contribution also finances the solidarity pension. See also source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Mandatory individual account:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p>Must be assessed with a work injury or occupational disease. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered if the employer provides the transportation.</p>
|
|
<p>Employed persons must be younger than age 65 and have an assessed degree of disability of at least 10%. If the disability is the result of an accident at work, the insured must have been employed when the accident occurred. If the disability is the result of an illness, the disability must begin while the insured is employed or up to 12 months (18 months for miners) after employment ceases.</p>
|
|
<p>Self-employed persons must be younger than age 65, have an assessed degree of disability of at least 10%, and have made at least three contributions in the last 12 months before the disability began. If the disability is the result of an accident at work, the disability must be assessed while the insured is making contributions. If the disability is the result of an illness, the disability must begin while the insured is making contributions or up to nine months (18 months for members of mining cooperatives) after contributions cease.</p>
|
|
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Temporary disability benefit (social insurance):</span> 90% of the insured's last earnings is paid in the case of a work injury; 75% for an occupational disease.</p>
|
|
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension (mandatory individual account):</span> For an assessed degree of disability of at least 60%, 100% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions) is paid.</p>
|
|
<p>The insurance company pays a monthly contribution of 10% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions) to the insured person's individual account until retirement or death.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate benefits are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate benefits are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p>Partial disability: For an assessed degree of disability of 25% to 59%, the pension is the degree of disability multiplied by the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions).</p>
|
|
<p>The disability pension ceases at age 65 and is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
|
|
<p>Disability grant: For an assessed degree of disability of 10% to 24%, a lump sum of 48 times the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions) is paid.</p>
|
|
<p>Certified medical doctors assess the degree of disability.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted annually according to the <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> (Unidad de Fomento de Vivienda).</p>
|
|
<p>The <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> is adjusted daily according to changes in the cost of living.</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social insurance):</span> Benefits include necessary medical and surgical care, hospitalization, and medicine.</p>
|
|
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (mandatory individual account)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 80% of the monthly base survivor pension is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or cohabiting partner with no eligible children; 60% if there is one eligible child; and 50% if there are two or more eligible children.</p>
|
|
<p>The monthly base survivor pension is 100% of the deceased's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the total contribution period if the deceased had less than five years of contributions).</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum monthly earnings used to calculate benefits are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate benefits are 60 times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
|
|
<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> or partner's pension ceases upon remarriage or cohabitation.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 20% of the monthly base survivor pension is paid for one orphan; 50% is split equally if there are two or more orphans; and 100% is split equally among full orphans.</p>
|
|
<p>The monthly base survivor pension is 100% of the deceased's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the deceased had less than five years of contributions).</p>
|
|
<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
|
|
<p>When an orphan ceases to be eligible, the spouse's pension is recalculated.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum combined spouse's and orphan's benefit is 100% of the monthly base survivor pension.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Other eligible survivor's pension:</span> If there is no surviving spouse, partner, or child, 60% of the monthly base survivor pension is split equally among other eligible survivors.</p>
|
|
<p>The monthly base survivor pension is 100% of the deceased's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the deceased had less than five years of contributions).</p>
|
|
<p>Schedule of payments: 13 payments a year.</p>
|
|
<p>The maximum combined survivor benefit for other eligible survivors is 60% of the monthly base survivor pension.</p>
|
|
<p>If the deceased did not meet the contribution requirements for a permanent disability pension, the deceased's individual account balance may be used to purchase a temporary annuity. The monthly annuity is 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years (or over the whole contribution period if the insured has less than five years of contributions). The minimum monthly annuity is 60% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Pensions are adjusted annually according to the <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> (Unidad de Fomento de Vivienda).</p>
|
|
<p>The <abbr class="spell">UFV</abbr> is adjusted daily according to changes in the cost of living.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (mandatory individual account):</span> A lump sum of 2,000 bolivianos is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Note: Once established, the Public Management Body for <span class="nobr">Long-term</span> Social Security, under the supervision of the Ministry of the Economy and Public Finances, will administer the permanent disability and survivors benefits (work injury) until a Public Insurance Entity is established.</p>
|
|
<p>Ministry of the Economy and Public Finances (<a href="https://www.economiayfinanzas.gob.bo/">http://www.economiayfinanzas.gob.bo/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Pension Fund Administrators (<abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s) collect contributions and contract insurance companies for work injury disability and survivor insurance.</p>
|
|
<p>Insurance companies administer the work injury disability and survivor programs.</p>
|
|
<p>Assessment Body (<abbr class="spell">EEC</abbr>), established by the <abbr class="spell">AFP</abbr>s and the insurance companies under the legal form of a civil association, determines the origin, cause, degree, and date of the disability for disability benefit purposes as well as the origin and cause of death for survivor benefit purposes.</p>
|
|
<p>Auditing Authority of the National Health System (<abbr class="spell">ASINSA</abbr>) administers the program through its entities, including the National Health Fund (http://www.cns.gob.bo/).</p>
|
|
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p>No statutory unemployment benefits are provided.</p>
|
|
<p>The labor code requires employers to grant severance pay to dismissed employees with more than 90 days of continuous employment. A lump sum of 100% of the employee's average monthly earnings in the last three months of employment multiplied by the number of years of continuous employment (or a proportional sum for continuous employment of less than a year) is paid. Dismissed workers are covered for medical and maternity benefits for up to two months after employment ceases.</p>
|
|
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1953.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1956 (Social Security Code), implemented in 1959; 1987 (social security reform); 2009 (Juana Azurduy mother and baby grant); 2011 (family allowances); and 2012 (Juancito Pinto cash transfer).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employees in the public and private sectors, employees of mining cooperatives, and their spouses or partners and children.</p>
|
|
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p>Special systems for bank employees, military personnel, and other groups of workers.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Needy residents of Bolivia.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 13% of payroll.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal grant (social insurance, in kind):</span> Paid to an insured woman who has completed four months of pregnancy and undergone monthly prenatal examinations.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant (social insurance):</span> Paid for a child registered as the insured's dependent with the National Health Fund.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Nursing allowance (social insurance, in kind):</span> Paid for a child younger than 12 months.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Burial allowance (social insurance):</span> The insured must provide his or her employer with evidence of the death of a child younger than age 19.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Mother and baby grant (Bono Juana Azurduy, social assistance):</span> Paid to an unemployed woman who is pregnant or has a child up to age 2 and attends regular medical appointments.</p>
|
|
<p>Beneficiaries may not receive any other family allowance.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal subsidy (Subsidio Universal Prenatal por la Vida, social assistance, in kind):</span> Paid to an uninsured woman who has completed four months of pregnancy and is receiving the Juana Azurduy mother and baby grant.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Child cash transfer (Bono Juancito Pinto, social assistance):</span> Paid for children younger than age 21 (no limit if disabled) who are enrolled in and regularly attend primary or secondary school or special education institutions, present their national identity card, and are accompanied by a parent or guardian to receive the payment.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal grant (social insurance, in kind):</span> A monthly basket of food products equal in value to the legal monthly minimum wage is provided.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of 100% of the legal monthly minimum wage is paid for each birth.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Nursing allowance (social insurance, in kind):</span> A food and milk basket equal in value to the legal monthly minimum wage is provided during the first year.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Burial allowance (social insurance):</span> A lump sum equal to the legal monthly minimum wage is paid.</p>
|
|
<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 2,000 bolivianos.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Mother and baby grant (Bono Juana Azurduy, social assistance):</span> 1,820 bolivianos is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal subsidy (Subsidio Universal Prenatal por la Vida, social assistance, in kind):</span> Four baskets of nutritional products, each valued at 300 bolivianos, are provided during pregnancy.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Child cash transfer (Bono Juancito Pinto, social assistance):</span> 200 bolivianos a year is paid for each eligible child.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Health (<a href="https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/">https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/</a>) provides supervision for the employment-related system, the Juana Azurduy mother baby grant, and the universal prenatal subsidy.</p>
|
|
<p>Auditing Authority of the National Health System (<abbr class="spell">ASINSA</abbr>), along with other <span class="nobr">short-term</span> health entities, administer the employment-related scheme, the Juana Azurduy mother baby grant, and the universal prenatal subsidy.</p>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Education (<a href="https://www.minedu.gob.bo/">http://www.minedu.gob.bo/</a>) administers the Juancito Pinto cash transfer program.</p>
|
|
<p>Subsidy Distributor (http://www.sedem.gob.bo/distribuidora-de-subsidio-1/) procures and distributes <span class="nobr">in-kind</span> benefits.</p>
|
|
<p>Employers pay cash benefits directly to employees or pay the Subsidy Distributor for <span class="nobr">in-kind</span> benefits.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</article>
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