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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2017</h1>
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<h1>Togo</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 625.14 CFA francs.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1968.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2011 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including public-sector salaried employees, salaried agricultural workers and household workers; self-employed persons; and informal-sector workers.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for persons previously insured for at least six consecutive months.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Apprentices and students.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 4% of earnings; 16.5% of average monthly earnings in the last three months for the voluntarily insured.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 16.5% of declared earnings.</p>
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<p>Informal-sector workers contribute as self-employed persons.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 12.5% of gross payroll.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer for public-sector salaried employees.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 60 (age 55 if prematurely aged) with at least 15 years of coverage.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Age 55 with at least 15 years of coverage.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> Age 60 with at least 12 months of coverage but less than 15 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Must be younger than the normal retirement age, assessed with at least a 66% loss of earning capacity, and have at least 120 months of coverage, including six months of contributions in the year before the disability began.</p>
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<p>The insured may be required to undergo medical examination by a doctor commissioned and designated by the National Social Security Fund.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> Must be younger than the normal retirement age, assessed with at least a 66% loss of earning capacity, and not meet the contribution requirements for the disability pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension, or had at least 180 months of coverage.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> aged 40 or older who was married to the deceased for at least one year, had a child with the deceased, or was pregnant at the time of the deceased's death; and dependent children up to age 16 (age 21 if a student or disabled). A lump sum may be paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> younger than age 40.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension ceases upon remarriage.</p>
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<p>An orphan receiving a survivor pension may not receive family allowances at the same time.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased did not qualify for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension and had at least six months of coverage but less than 180 months.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or surviving children if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p>Eligible survivors may receive the survivor lump sum in addition to family allowances.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> 20% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years plus 1.33% of average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions exceeding 180 months is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 60% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 35,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the five years before retirement.</p>
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<p>If the insured is entitled to two or more pensions, the highest pension plus 50% of the other pension(s) is paid.</p>
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<p>Early pension: The <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is reduced by 5% for each year a claim is made before the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> A lump sum of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years multiplied by the number of <span class="nobr">12-month</span> periods of contributions is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> 20% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years plus 1.33% of average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions exceeding 180 months is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly disability pension is 60% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 35,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly disability pension is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the five years before the disability began.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: 50% of the disability pension is paid.</p>
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<p>The disability pension ceases at the normal retirement age and is replaced by an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension of the same amount.</p>
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<p>The insured may also receive disability benefits under the work injury program. The total amount received is 100% of the work injury disability pension plus the portion of the <span class="nobr">non-work</span> injury disability pension that exceeds this amount.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by decree according to changes in the cost of living, the legal minimum wage, and the financial resources of the system. (The last adjustment was in 1997).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of three times the annual disability pension the insured would have been entitled to receive with 180 months of coverage is paid.</p>
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<p>If the insured has less than five years of coverage, the total annual disability pension is calculated using average monthly earnings during the entire period of coverage.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the old age or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to an eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span> If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally. A lump sum of four years of the deceased's pension is paid to <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> younger than age 40.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for each eligible orphan; 40% for each full orphan.</p>
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<p>The value of the orphan's pension must not be less than the value of family allowances.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p>A survivor may also receive survivor benefits under the work injury program. The total amount received is 100% of the work injury survivor pension plus the portion of the nonwork injury survivor pension that exceeds this amount.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum of one month of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive with at least 180 months of coverage is paid for each six-month period of coverage. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund (http://www.cnsstogo.tg/), managed by a tripartite council and a director, administers the programs.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2006 (labor code) and 2011 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash maternity benefits only) and employer-liability system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons, including salaried agricultural workers and household workers; self-employed persons; and informal-sector workers.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants and military personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer liability:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under Family Allowances.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under Family Allowances.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer (see source of funds under Family Allowances).</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer liability:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits (employer liability):</span> The labor code requires employers to provide paid sick leave.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits (employer liability and social insurance):</span> Must have at least 12 months of coverage before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p>Cash maternity benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (employer liability):</span> Paid sick leave is provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (employer liability and social insurance):</span> 100% (split equally between the employer and social insurance) of the insured's average daily earnings in the last three months is paid for up to eight weeks before and six weeks after the expected date of childbirth; may be extended up to three weeks if there are complications arising from pregnancy or childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>The labor code requires employers to provide certain medical services.</p>
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<p>A 2011 law introduced mandatory health insurance for public-sector workers.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory benefits are provided. (Some health care and welfare services are provided to mothers and children under Family Allowances.)</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund (http://www.cnsstogo.tg/), managed by a tripartite council and a director, administers the programs.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1964.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2011.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, self-employed persons, state and local authority employees, agricultural salaried workers, household workers, casual and temporary workers, and apprentices and students in occupational schools.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Informal-sector workers.</p>
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<p>Special system for civil servants and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 2% of declared earnings.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of gross payroll.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p>There is no minimum qualifying period. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>66.7% of the insured's average daily wage in the three months before the disability began is paid from the day after the disability began until full recovery or certification of permanent disability. The benefit is paid monthly.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured is assessed with a total disability, 85% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the three months before the disability began is paid.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: A percentage of the full pension is paid according to the assessed degree of disability; if the assessed disability is less than 15%, a lump sum is paid.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: If the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions, 50% of the permanent disability pension is paid. After five years of pension payments, the benefit may be partially converted to a lump sum.</p>
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<p>The insured may also receive disability benefits under the <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, and survivors programs. The total amount received is 100% of the work injury disability pension plus the portion of the nonwork injury disability pension that exceeds this amount.</p>
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<p>The insured may receive work injury permanent disability pension in addition to the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension under certain conditions.</p>
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<p>The pension is paid monthly, quarterly, or annually depending on the insured's assessed degree of disability and the value of the pension.</p>
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<p>The insured may be required to undergo medical examinations by a doctor approved or designated by the National Social Security Fund every six months during the first two years; thereafter, once a year.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by decree according to changes in the cost of living, the legal minimum wage, and the financial resources of the system. (The last adjustment was in 1997.)</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical, dental, and surgical care; hospitalization; medicine; appliances; transportation; and rehabilitation.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a widow or a dependent, disabled widower who was married to the deceased before the disability began. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally.</p>
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<p>The spouse's pension ceases upon remarriage (if there is more than one widow, the level paid to other widows remains the same).</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 40% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid for orphans younger than age 16 (age 21 if an apprentice, a student, or disabled).</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Dependent parent's and grandparent's pension:</span> 10% of the permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each dependent parent and grandparent.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 100% of the total permanent disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive.</p>
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<p>The survivor pensions are paid quarterly.</p>
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<p>The survivor pensions are payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors may receive survivor benefits under the <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> disability, and survivors program. The total amount received is calculated using 100% of the work injury survivor pension plus the portion of the nonwork injury survivor pension that exceeds this amount.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of 30 times the deceased's average daily earnings in the three months before the disability began is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund (http://www.cnsstogo.tg/), managed by a tripartite council and a director, administers contributions and benefits.</p>
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<p>Employers must be insured with the National Social Security Fund against liability.</p>
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<h2>Unemployment</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p>A 2011 collective agreement requires employers to provide severance pay in cases of dismissal on economic grounds to employees with at least one year of continuous service with the same employer. The amount varies according to the years of continuous service: a lump sum of 35% of the employee's average annual salary during the employment period with one to five years; a lump sum of 40% with six to nine years; or a lump sum of 45% with 10 or more years.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2011.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, self-employed persons, agricultural salaried workers, public-sector salaried workers, household workers, casual or temporary workers, and informal-sector workers.</p>
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<p>Special system for civil servants and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 3% of declared earnings.</p>
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<p>Informal-sector workers contribute as self-employed persons.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3% of gross payroll.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance cash maternity benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer for public-sector employees.</p>
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<p>Contributions are paid monthly (may be paid bimonthly for workers in the informal economy).</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> Paid for up to four children younger than age 16 (age 21 if a student or disabled). The parent must have at least three consecutive months of employment and be currently working at least 15 days or 120 hours a month or receive other social insurance benefits.</p>
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<p>The child must not receive an orphan's pension.</p>
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<p>If a parent receives family allowances from the special system for civil servants, only the higher benefit amount is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> The woman must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
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<p>Benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 2,000 CFA francs a month is paid for each eligible child; if a child is no longer eligible or dies, the benefit may be paid for up to two additional children. The benefits are paid every three months.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> 2,000 CFA francs a month is paid for each eligible child.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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|
<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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|
<p>National Social Security Fund (http://www.cnsstogo.tg/), managed by a tripartite council and a director, administers the program.</p>
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<p>Employers may pay benefits directly to their employees.</p>
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</div>
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