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<title>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2017 - Mozambique</title>
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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2017</h1>
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<h1>Mozambique</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 70.80 meticais.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1989 (social security).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2007 (social protection); 2009 and 2011 (social assistance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<p>Note: The value of the basic social allowance is gradually being increased to <span class="nobr">two-thirds</span> of the national poverty line by 2019.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Resident salaried private-sector employees and self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for unemployed persons with at least five years of previous coverage and at least 40 months of contributions.</p>
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<p>Special systems for public-sector employees and military personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Needy citizens of Mozambique.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 3% of monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The insured person's contributions also finance sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p>Social assistance: None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 7% of monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The self-employed person's contributions also finance sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p>Social assistance: None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 4% of monthly payroll.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p>Social assistance: None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<p>Social assistance: The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women) with at least 20 years of coverage and 10 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Early pension: At any age with at least 30 years of coverage and 25 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old age settlement (social insurance):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women) with less than 20 years of coverage or less than 10 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Basic social allowance (subsídio social básico, social assistance, means tested):</span> Age 60 (men) or age 55 (women) and living in a household having no members with work capacity; no age limit if disabled or permanently ill.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Must be younger than the normal retirement age, have at least five years of coverage, and have at least 30 months of contributions in the five years before the disability began.</p>
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<p>The disability pension ceases at the normal retirement age and is replaced by an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased must have had at least five years of contributions and been receiving or entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a dependent <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> and children younger than age 18 (age 22 if a student in a technical school; age 26 if a university student; no limit if disabled).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement (social insurance):</span> The deceased was aged 60 or older (men) or aged 55 or older (women) and had less than 20 years of coverage or less than five years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a dependent <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> and children younger than age 18 (age 22 if a student in a technical school; age 26 if a university student; no limit if disabled).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least three years of coverage and at least six months of contributions in the 12 months before death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> a child, or other descendant of the deceased.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral allowance (social insurance):</span> Paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> a parent, a child, or other descendant of a deceased person with at least three months of contributions before death.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> 50% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 240 months multiplied by the number of months of contributions is paid.</p>
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<p>The maximum contribution period used to calculate the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 432 months.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is calculated based on the national monthly minimum wage, which varies by sector. The lowest monthly minimum wage is 3,642 meticais (agricultural workers); the highest monthly minimum wage is 10,400 meticais (bank employees).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 60% of the national monthly minimum wage for employees in the banking sector.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Calculated in the same way as the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension paid at the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old age settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Basic social allowance (subsídio social básico, social assistance, means tested):</span> A basic monthly benefit is paid, which is increased by 25% for each dependent up to four.</p>
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<p>The basic social allowance is paid bimonthly.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The value of the basic social allowance is reviewed annually.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> 60% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly disability pension is 60% of the national monthly minimum wage for employees in the banking sector.</p>
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<p>The national monthly minimum wage for employees in the banking sector is 10,400 meticais.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance)</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's benefit:</span> 100% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>; 50% if there are eligible children.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's benefit:</span> 50% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is split equally among eligible children; 100% for full orphans.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of 60% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last five years is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of six times the deceased's average monthly earnings in the six months before death is paid if the deceased was in employment; otherwise, six times the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive. The <span class="nobr">lump-sum</span> payment is increased by one average monthly salary or one monthly pension for each dependent child.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of 5,000 meticais is paid to eligible survivors or the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment, and Social Security (http://www.mitess.gov.mz/) provides general supervision for the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.inss.gov.mz/">http://www.inss.gov.mz/</a>), managed by a tripartite board and a director, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of Gender, Child, and Social Action (http://www.mgcas.gov.mz/) provides general supervision for the social assistance program.</p>
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<p>National Social Action Institute (http://www.inas.gov.mz/) administers the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1977 (health), 1991 (universal access to health), 2007 (labor code), and 2007 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Universal (medical benefits), social insurance (cash sickness and maternity benefits), and social assistance (medical benefits) system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Universal and social assistance:</span> Residents of Mozambique.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Resident salaried private-sector employees and self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for unemployed persons with at least five years of previous coverage and at least three years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Special systems for public-sector employees and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under <span class="nobr">Old-Age,</span> Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under <span class="nobr">Old-Age,</span> Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> See source of funds under <span class="nobr">Old-Age,</span> Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Universal:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits (social insurance):</span> Must have at least 12 months of contributions, and have an incapacity to work or be caring for a hospitalized child or a child in need of special care.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits (social insurance):</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Must request leave at the latest 20 days before the expected date of child birth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (universal):</span> Provided for children aged five or younger, pregnant women, people aged 60 or older, and persons with disabilities.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits (social assistance):</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit (social insurance):</span> 65% of the insured's average daily salary in the six-month period ending two months before the incapacity began is paid for up to 365 days. The benefit is paid after a three-day waiting period.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit (social insurance):</span> 100% of the insured's average daily salary in the six-month period ending two months before the maternity leave began is paid for up to two months.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Universal:</span> Primary care and treatments of tuberculosis, malaria, <abbr class="spell">HIV</abbr>, and chronic diseases are provided free of charge.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Primary health care is provided with copayments.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for workers.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security (http://www.mitess.gov.mz/) provides general supervision for the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Institute (<a href="https://www.inss.gov.mz/">http://www.inss.gov.mz/</a>), managed by a tripartite board and a director, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of Gender, Child, and Social Action (http://www.mgcas.gov.mz/) and Ministry of Health (<a href="https://www.misau.gov.mz/">http://www.misau.gov.mz/</a>) provide general supervision for the universal and social assistance programs.</p>
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<p>National Social Action Institute (http://www.inas.gov.mz/) administers the universal and social assistance programs.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1957 (work injury).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 2007 (labor law) and 2013 (work injury).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability system through private carriers.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer liability:</span> Resident salaried employees in the private and public sector.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> The total cost (pays benefits directly to employees or pays insurance premiums).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer for public-sector employees who are not civil servants.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p>There is no minimum qualifying period. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>70% of the insured's last daily earnings before the disability began is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured has an assessed degree of disability of 100% (total disability), 90% of the insured's annual earnings is paid.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: For an assessed degree of disability of at least 30% but less than 100%, 70% of the difference in the insured's annual earnings before and after the disability began is paid.</p>
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<p>For an assessed degree of disability of less than 30%, a lump sum of 70% of the insured's reduced capacity of earnings is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly permanent disability pension is 60% of the national monthly minimum wage, which varies by sector.</p>
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<p>The lowest national monthly minimum wage is 3,642 meticais (agricultural workers); the highest national monthly minimum wage is 10,400 meticais (bank employees).</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical, surgical, and hospital care; prostheses; medicine; and transportation.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Spouse's pension:</span> 60% of the insured's annual earnings before the work injury occurred is paid to the <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the insured's annual earnings is paid for eligible children younger than age 19 (age 22 if a student; age 26 if a university student; no limit if disabled); 30% if there is only one child); up to 80% is paid for full orphans; and 15% for each eligible other descendant.</p>
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<p>The maximum combined survivor pension is 80% of the insured's annual earnings.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum of six times the insured's last monthly earnings is split by the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> (50%) and eligible children (50%) younger than age 19 (age 22 if a student; age 26 if a university student; no limit if disabled). The benefit is paid to the <span class="nobr">parent(s)</span> or grandparent(s) if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or eligible child.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of twice the national monthly minimum wage, which varied by sector, is paid.</p>
|
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<p>The lowest national monthly minimum wage is 3,642 meticais (agricultural workers); the highest national monthly minimum wage is 10,400 meticais (bank employees).</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Public Function provides general supervision.</p>
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<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
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<p>A public works program (subsídio social de producão) seeks to promote the socioeconomic inclusion of persons with work capacity living in poverty and vulnerable situations. An allowance is paid to program participants at the value of the national poverty line for up to one year in urban areas; three months in rural areas.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 2011 (social assistance).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
|
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<p>Note: A basic social allowance (subsídio social básico) is paid to households in extreme poverty and having no members with working capacity, including households headed by elderly, disabled, and permanently ill persons. See <span class="nobr">Old-age,</span> Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Needy citizens of Mozambique.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Food allowance (ação social direta, means tested):</span> Paid to households with members receiving antiretroviral treatment for <abbr class="spell">HIV</abbr>/<abbr>AIDS</abbr> or children recovering from acute malnutrition, and households having no members with work capacity, including households headed by: elderly persons, children aged 12 to 18, or disabled or chronically ill persons.</p>
|
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Food allowance (ação social direta, means tested):</span> The cost of the basic food basket is paid in kind over a fixed period of time.</p>
|
|
<p>The average monthly cost of the basic food basket is 985 meticais.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Gender, Child and Social Action (http://www.mgcas.gov.mz/) provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>National Social Action Institute (http://www.inas.gov.mz/) administers the program.</p>
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</div>
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</article>
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