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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Europe, 2014</h1>
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<h1>Albania</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 101.70 leks.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1993 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed and self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 8.8% of covered monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are five times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 21.6% of the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 12.8% of covered monthly payroll.</p>
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<p>The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are five times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Any deficit; pays contributions for persons in compulsory military service; covers the cost of the special state pensions for certain persons; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 65 (men) or age 60 (women) with at least 35 years of contributions; age 50 with at least 30 years of contributions for a mother with six or more children older than age 8.</p>
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<p>Partial pension: Age 65 (men) or age 60 (women) with 15 to 34 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Age 62 (men) or age 57 (women) with at least 35 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension may be deferred.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Paid for a total disability (blind, severely disabled, or incapable of any work) or partial disability (incapable of usual work but capable of work under special conditions) with coverage in at least 50% of the difference in years between the insured's age and age 20.</p>
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<p>Reduced disability pension: A reduced pension is paid if the insured has a total disability but does not qualify for a full disability pension.</p>
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<p>The Medical Experts Committee assesses the degree of disability.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
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<p>Child's supplement: Paid for each dependent child up to age 18 (25 if a student or disabled).</p>
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<p>The disability pension is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension at the normal retirement age if the amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is greater.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> caring for a dependent child younger than age 8; a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> with a disability; a widow aged 50 or older or a widower aged 60 or older; dependent orphans younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if disabled from childhood); dependent parents and grandparents aged 65 or older who lived with the deceased for the last 12 months; and dependent grandchildren.</p>
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<p>The spouse's pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The monthly pension consists of a <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> amount of 12,024 leks for urban workers (8,233 leks for rural workers) plus 1% of the insured's average covered earnings used to calculate contributions for each year of coverage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly pension is 24,048 leks for urban workers (12,024 for rural workers) or 75% of the insured's average net earnings in three of the last 10 years of employment, whichever is less.</p>
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<p>Partial pension: A percentage of the full pension is paid, according to the number of years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Early pension: The full pension is reduced by 0.6% for each month it is taken before the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Deferred pension:</span> The pension is increased by 0.34% for each month of deferral after the normal retirement age.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: The <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> pension is adjusted annually according to average paid contributions.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The monthly pension consists of a <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> amount of 12,024 leks for urban workers (8,233 leks for rural workers) plus 1% of the insured's average covered earnings used to calculate contributions for each year of coverage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly pension is 24,048 leks for urban workers (12,024 leks for rural workers) or 80% of the insured's last average net earnings, whichever is less.</p>
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<p>Reduced disability pension: A percentage of the full disability pension is paid based on the difference between the actual years of coverage and those required for the full disability pension.</p>
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<p>Partial disability pension: 50% of the full disability pension is paid.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: A monthly supplement is paid.</p>
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<p>Child's supplement: 5% of the <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> pension amount is paid.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> pension amount is 12,024 leks (urban workers) and 8,233 leks (rural workers).</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted annually according to changes in the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid to a spouse.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid to each orphan; 50% for a full orphan if there are no other eligible dependents.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors:</span> 25% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid to each dependent.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension; 50% if the surviving spouse is working or receiving a pension in his or her own right.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth (http://www.sociale.gov.al) and a tripartite Administrative Council provide general supervision.</p>
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<p>Social Insurance Institute (<a href="http://www.issh.gov.al">http://www.issh.gov.al</a>) administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1993 (social insurance) and 1994 (health insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash benefits) and universal (medical benefits) system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage is available.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Employed persons, self-employed persons, and employers.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> All residents of Albania.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.23% of covered earnings (sickness), 0.66% (maternity), and 1.7% (medical).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 1.4% of the legal monthly minimum wage (maternity) and 6.8% (medical).</p>
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<p>The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are five times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.07% of payroll (sickness), 0.74% (maternity), and 1.7% (medical). The minimum earnings used to calculate contributions are the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are five times the legal monthly minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost of medical benefits for persons not currently in the labor force.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> Must be currently insured. Paid for a sickness or for a loss of income from a change of employment due to health reasons.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Must have at least 12 months of contributions. Paid to a pregnant woman during maternity leave and to a woman who must change employment because she is pregnant.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> 70% of the insured's average daily wage in the last calendar year is paid with less than 10 years of contributions; 80% with 10 years or more; 50% during hospitalization if there are no dependents. The benefit is paid from the 15th day of medical certification (the employer pays the first 14 days) for up to six months; may be extended up to three months if the Medical Experts Committee certifies the likelihood of recovery in that period.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> Up to 365 days of maternity leave is paid for at least 35 days before and 42 days after the expected date of childbirth (for multiple births, up to 390 days for at least 60 days before and 42 days after). The monthly benefit is 80% of the insured's average daily wage in the last calendar year for the period of leave before childbirth and for 150 days after; 50% for the remaining period. Benefits are also paid for adopting a child.</p>
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<p>For employers and self-employed persons, the benefit is equal to the <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 12,024 leks for urban workers; 8,233 leks for rural workers.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> A lump sum of 50% of the legal monthly minimum wage is paid to either insured parent with at least one year of contributions.</p>
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<p>The legal monthly minimum wage is 19,026 leks.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>All general medical services are free.</p>
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<p>Cost sharing: The insured is reimbursed from 35% to 100% of the cost of various essential medications.</p>
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<p>The Health Insurance Institute pays 90% and the insured pays 10% of the cost for some types of examinations.</p>
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<p>There is no limit to duration.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<p>Free benefits are provided for children up to age 12 months, persons with disabilities, <abbr title="World War Two">WWII</abbr> invalids and veterans, and persons diagnosed with certain serious illnesses.</p>
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<p>There is no limit to duration.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth (http://www.sociale.gov.al) and a tripartite Administrative Council provide general supervision.</p>
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<p>Social Insurance Institute (<a href="http://www.issh.gov.al">http://www.issh.gov.al</a>) administers sickness and maternity benefits.</p>
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<p>Ministry of Health (<a href="https://shendetesia.gov.al/">http://www.shendetesia.gov.al</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Health Insurance Institute administers (http://www.isksh.com.al) medical benefits.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1993 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, apprentices, and vocational training students.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.3% of payroll.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. The incapacity for work is assessed by the Medical Experts Committee. Occupational diseases are defined by the Council of Ministers.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>100% of the insured's average daily wage in the last three years is paid for up to 12 months.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability benefit:</span> For an assessed loss of at least 67% of working capacity the benefit is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last three years.</p>
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<p>The minimum benefit is the <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 12,024 leks for urban workers; 8,233 leks for rural workers.</p>
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<p>Partial permanent disability: For an assessed loss of at least 33% of working capacity, the benefit is 50% to 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last three years, depending on the degree of loss of working capacity.</p>
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<p>Minor permanent disability: For an assessed loss of 10% to 33% of working capacity, a lump sum is paid according to a schedule in law. The cost of repairing or replacing property damaged during an accident is paid.</p>
|
|
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>Benefits include medical care and the cost of rehabilitation.</p>
|
|
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid.</p>
|
|
<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> caring for a dependent child younger than age 8, a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> with a disability, or a widow aged 50 or older or widower aged 60 or older.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 25% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid for each dependent orphan younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if disabled from childhood); 50% for a full orphan if there are no other eligible dependents.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors:</span> 25% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is paid for each dependent parent, grandparent aged 65 or older who lived with the deceased for the last 12 months, and dependent grandchildren.</p>
|
|
<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth (http://www.sociale.gov.al) and a tripartite Administrative Council provide general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Social Insurance Institute (<a href="http://www.issh.gov.al">http://www.issh.gov.al</a>) administers the program.</p>
|
|
<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1993 (social insurance).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Employed persons.</p>
|
|
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.9% of payroll.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Unemployment benefit:</span> Must have at least one year of contributions, not be receiving any other benefits (except for partial disability), be registered at an unemployment office, and be willing to undergo training.</p>
|
|
<h3>Unemployment Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>A <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> benefit is paid for up to 12 months or for a total of 365 calendar days if the insured has temporary periods of employment.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum unemployment benefit is the <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
|
|
<p>The <span class="nobr">flat-rate</span> monthly amount of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is 12,024 leks for urban workers; 8,233 leks for rural workers.</p>
|
|
<p>Child's supplement: 5% of the unemployment benefit, up to 30% is paid to each dependent child younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student or disabled). The supplement is reduced by 50% if one parent is employed or receiving a pension.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs, and Equal Opportunities (http://www.sociale.gov.al) provides general supervision.</p>
|
|
<p>Social Insurance Institute (<a href="http://www.issh.gov.al">http://www.issh.gov.al</a>) administers the program.</p>
|
|
<p>National Employment Service pays benefits.</p>
|
|
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1993 (financial aid and social services).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>All residents of Albania.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (social assistance):</span> Must have low or inadequate income or a family member with a disability.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (social assistance):</span> Financial aid is provided.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Social Welfare and Youth (http://www.sociale.gov.al) and a tripartite Administrative Council provide general supervision</p>
|
|
<p>State Social Service administers the program at district and local levels.</p>
|
|
</div>
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</article>
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