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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2014</h1>
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<h1>Yemen</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00&nbsp;= 214.50&nbsp;rials.</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1980.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1991 (pensions).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Public-sector system:</span> Permanent employees of government agencies and all public-sector or quasi-public entities.</p>
<p>Special system for military and police personnel.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Private-sector system:</span> Private-sector employees (nationals and foreigners), including Yemeni workers abroad.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Casual workers, self-employed persons, agricultural workers, household workers, seamen, and fishermen.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 6% of earnings (public- and private-sector systems).</p>
<p>The earnings used to calculate contributions include the basic salary plus all allowances paid to an employee, excluding bonuses and overtime wages.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 6% of payroll (public-sector system); 9% of payroll <span class="nobr">(old-age</span> private-sector system).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None (public- and private-sector systems); contributes 6% of payroll as an employer (public-sector system).</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Public-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Old-age pension:</span> Age&nbsp;60 with at least 15&nbsp;years of contributions (men) or age&nbsp;55 with at least 10&nbsp;years of contributions (women); age&nbsp;50 (men) with at least 25&nbsp;years of contributions; age&nbsp;46 (women) with at least 20&nbsp;years of contributions; at any age with at least 30&nbsp;years of contributions (men) or 25&nbsp;years of contributions (women).</p>
<p>Early pension: At any age with at least 25&nbsp;years of contributions if the insured becomes involuntarily unemployed.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Disability pension:</span> Paid for a permanent total or partial disability.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Survivor pension:</span> Paid when an insured person dies before retirement age.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include the deceased's <span class="nobr">spouse(s)</span>; sons up to age&nbsp;18 if unemployed or age&nbsp;26 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student; unemployed, unmarried daughters; and dependent parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, nephews, and nieces.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Funeral grant:</span> Paid when an insured person dies.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Private-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Old-age pension:</span> Age&nbsp;60 (men) or age&nbsp;55 (women) with at least 15&nbsp;years of contributions.</p>
<p>Early pension: Age&nbsp;50 (men) with more than 25&nbsp;years of contributions or age&nbsp;46 (women) with at least 20&nbsp;years of contributions; at any age with at least 30&nbsp;years of contributions (men) or 25&nbsp;years of contributions (women).</p>
<p>Reduced pension: Age&nbsp;50 (men) or age&nbsp;45 (women) with at least 20&nbsp;years of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Disability pension:</span> Paid for a permanent disability.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Disability grant:</span> Paid to those ineligible for the nonwork-related or work-related disability pension with at least one year of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Survivor pension:</span> Paid when an insured person dies before retirement age.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors include the deceased's <span class="nobr">spouse(s)</span>; sons up to age&nbsp;18 if unemployed or age&nbsp;26 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student; unemployed, unmarried daughters; and dependent parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, nephews, and nieces.</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Public-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is the insured's last gross monthly salary multiplied by the number of months of contributions, divided by 420.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly pension is 20,000&nbsp;rials.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly pension is 100% of the insured's last gross monthly salary with at least 35&nbsp;years of contributions; 43% with at least 15&nbsp;years.</p>
<p>Early pension: The pension is calculated in the same way as the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by 50% of the value of any increase in the civil servant salary.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Private-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is the insured's last gross monthly salary multiplied by the number of months of contributions, divided by 420.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 50% of the insured's last gross monthly salary.</p>
<p>Early pension: The pension is calculated in the same way as the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
<p>Reduced pension: If the insured retires from regular employment at age&nbsp;45, the pension is reduced by 10%; at age&nbsp;50, by 5%.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by 50% of the value of any increase in the civil servant salary.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Public-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Work-related disability pension:</span> 100% of the insured's last gross monthly salary plus a lump sum of 39,000&nbsp;rials is paid.</p>
<p>Permanent partial disability: A reduced pension and a reduced lump sum are paid according to the assessed degree of disability and a schedule in law.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Nonwork-related disability pension:</span> For a total disability, the pension is 50% of the insured's last gross monthly salary or the value of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (but no less than the minimum pension), whichever is greater.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 50% of the insured's last gross monthly salary.</p>
<p><span class="h5">End-of-service payment:</span> A lump sum of 9% of the insured's last gross monthly salary multiplied by the number of months of contributions is paid.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by 50% of the value of any increase in the active civil servant salary.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Private-sector system</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Work-related disability pension:</span> 100% of the insured's covered monthly salary in the last year is paid for a total disability.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Nonwork-related disability pension:</span> 50% of the insured's average monthly salary in the last year is paid for a total disability.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of 12% of the insured's average monthly salary in the last year multiplied by the number of years of contribution is paid.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by 50% of the value of any increase in the active civil servant salary.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (public- and private-sector systems):</span> The pension is 9% of the deceased's average gross salary over the total period of service, 50% of the deceased's last gross monthly salary before death, or the minimum monthly pension, whichever is greater. The pension&nbsp;is&nbsp;split equally among named survivors.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly pension is 20,000&nbsp;rials.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by 50% of the value of any increase in the active civil servant salary.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (public-sector system):</span> A lump sum of two months of the deceased's average monthly wage before death is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>General Authority for Social Security and Pensions (<a href="https://gasspyemen.org/">http://www.gasspyemen.org</a>), supervised by a board of directors, administers the public-sector system.</p>
<p>General Corporation for Social Security (<a href="https://www.hoffmannworkcomp.com/social-security-benefits/">http://www.gcssye.net/</a>), supervised by a tripartite board of directors, administers the private-sector system.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1995 (labor code), with 2008 amendment.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability (cash maternity benefits) and universal (medical benefits) system.</p>
<p>Note: A health insurance system covers public-sector employees. A new health insurance system for public- and private-sector employees was approved by the parliament in 2012 but has not yet been implemented. Limited health care services are provided free of charge to all residents.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits (employer liability):</span> Employed persons.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Residents of Yemen.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> The total cost.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> The total cost.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits (employer liability):</span> Must be currently employed.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> 100% of the insured's normal earnings is paid for 70&nbsp;days; may be extended to 90&nbsp;days if there are complications or for multiple births.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Government&nbsp;hospitals and health centers provide limited free health services.</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for workers.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Ministry of Social Affairs and Labor provides general supervision.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Ministry of Public Health and Population (<a href="https://www.mophp-ye.org/">http://www.mophp-ye.org/</a>) provides general supervision.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1991 (work injury).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash benefits:</span> Permanent employees of government agencies and all public-sector or quasi-public entities; and private-sector employees.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Public-sector employees.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 1% of total payroll (private sector).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes 1% of payroll as an employer (government, public sector and quasi-public sector).</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> Permanent disability as a result of a work injury.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>No benefits are provided.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability benefits:</span> Work-related disability benefits are provided under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Medical benefits are provided only for public-sector employees under the health insurance program.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> Survivor benefits are provided under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>General Authority for Social Security and Pensions (<a href="https://gasspyemen.org/">http://www.gasspyemen.org</a>), supervised by a board of directors, administers the public-sector system.</p>
<p>General Corporation for Social Security (<a href="https://www.hoffmannworkcomp.com/social-security-benefits/">http://www.gcssye.net/</a>), supervised by a tripartite board of directors, administers the private-sector system.</p>
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