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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2015</h1>
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<h1>Zimbabwe</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: Currency is the <abbr class="spell">US</abbr> dollar (<abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1989 (social security) and 1993 (pensions).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<p>Note: Under the 1998 Social Welfare Assistance Act, the Department of Social Welfare provides limited public assistance to needy persons incapable of work and to persons aged 65 or older or assessed with a disability.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Residents of Zimbabwe.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons and household workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 3.5% of monthly insurable earnings.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $700.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3.5% of monthly payroll.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings used to calculate contributions are $700.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 60 (age 55 if in arduous employment) with at least 10 years of contributions.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: The pension may be deferred up to age 65.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Retirement grant:</span> Age 60 (age 55 if in arduous employment) with more than one year but less than 10 years of contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Must be younger than age 60, be assessed with a permanent incapacity for work, and have at least one year of contributions. A medical doctor assesses the disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> Must be younger than age 60, be assessed with a permanent incapacity for work, and have at least six months or contributions and less than one year of contributions. A medical doctor assesses the disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor benefit:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors (in order of priority) include a <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> children younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if permanently disabled), parents, and other dependents. If there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> dependent children are paid through the legal guardian.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive a retirement or disability grant.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors (in order of priority) include the <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> children younger than age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if permanently disabled), parents, and other dependents.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The deceased must have had at least one year of contributions and the cause of death must not be work-related.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is 1.33% of the insured's monthly covered earnings in the month before retirement multiplied by the number of years of contributions up to 30 years plus 1% of monthly covered earnings multiplied by the number of years of contributions exceeding 30 years.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: Calculated in the same way as the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly pension is $60.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Retirement grant:</span> A lump sum of 8.33% of the insured's annual insurable earnings immediately before retirement multiplied by the number of years of contributions (including credited periods) is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> With one to 10 years of contributions, the pension is 1% of the insured's average annual covered earnings when the disability began multiplied by the number of years of contributions. With more than 10 years of contributions, the pension is 1.33% of monthly covered earnings at the time the disability began multiplied by the number of years of contributions (including credited periods) up to 30 years plus 1% of monthly covered earnings multiplied by the number of years of contributions exceeding 30 years.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly pension is $30.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability grant:</span> A lump sum of 8.33% of the insured's monthly covered earnings before the disability began multiplied by the number of years of contributions (including credited periods) is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor benefit:</span> 40% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and children up to age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if disabled). If there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or surviving child, 12% is paid to the deceased's parents. If there is more than one eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> the benefit is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum of 40% of the retirement or disability grant the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and children up to age 18 (age 25 if a student, no limit if permanently disabled). If there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> or surviving child, 12% is paid to the deceased's parents. If there is no surviving parent, 8% is paid to other eligible dependents.</p>
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<p>If there is more than one eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> the benefit is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of $300 is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Public Service, Labour, and Social Welfare provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Authority (<a href="http://www.nssa.org.zw">http://www.nssa.org.zw</a>) administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1985 (labour act).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability (cash maternity benefits) system.</p>
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<p>Note: The government provides free primary health care for <span class="nobr">low-paid</span> workers.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Must be currently employed with at least one year of service and provide a medical certificate. The insured is eligible for maternity benefits for up to three times with the same employer and only once during a <span class="nobr">24-month</span> period calculated from the day the previous maternity leave was approved.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 100% of wages are paid for at least 21 days before and 77 days after the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Public Service, Labour, and Social Welfare provides general supervision.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1922.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1989 (social security) and 1990 (accident prevention and workers' compensation).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employer-liability system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons in the private sector, local authorities, quasi-governmental and nongovernmental organizations.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons and household workers.</p>
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<p>Special system for civil servants.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> The total cost (pays insurance premiums based on the employee's monthly earnings).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>100% of the insured's monthly covered earnings is paid for the first 30 days; thereafter, 51% of monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The benefit is paid for up to 18 months.</p>
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<p>Child's supplement: 12.5% of the insured's benefit is paid for the first child; 5% each for the second through the fifth child. The General Manager of the National Social Security Authority determines the amount paid for each subsequent child.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured is assessed with a degree of disability of greater than 30%, 51% of the insured's earnings multiplied by the assessed degree of disability (must be greater than 30%.) is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly pension is $45.</p>
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<p>Child's supplement: 12.5% of the insured's benefit is paid for the first child; 5% each for the second through the fifth child. The General Manager of the National Social Security Authority determines the amount paid for each subsequent child.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: A lump sum is paid if the insured has an assessed degree of disability of up to 30% and a monthly pension of less than $45.</p>
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<p>Constant attendance allowance: 80% of the minimum pension is paid to a caregiver providing constant care for paraplegics, quadriplegics, and other severely disabled workers.</p>
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<p>Rehabilitation benefit: Paid to a disabled worker to assist with physical and mental rehabilitation and vocational training.</p>
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<p>Benefits are payable abroad.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>The National Social Security Authority pays for all medical fees, including medicine, hospital care, prostheses, and transportation.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 66.7% of the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a dependent <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span> If there is more than one eligible <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> the pension is split equally.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly pension is $30.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: The pension ceases on remarriage, and a lump sum of 24 months of pension is paid.</p>
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<p>Child's supplement: Paid until the child is age 19 or is self-supporting, whichever is earlier. The first child receives 12.5% of the insured's pension; 5% each for the second through the fifth child. The General Manager of the National Social Security Authority determines the amount paid for each subsequent child.</p>
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<p>The child's supplement continues if the surviving spouse remarries.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent's allowance:</span> Paid to dependent parents, brothers, and sisters when an unmarried worker dies.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of $300 is paid for a work-related death.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Public Service, Labour, and Social Welfare provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Authority (<a href="http://www.nssa.org.zw">http://www.nssa.org.zw</a>) administers the program.</p>
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