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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2013</h1>
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<h1>Trinidad and Tobago</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 6.38 Trinidad and Tobago dollars (<abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance) and 1971 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Social insurance:</span> Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, paid apprentices, and <span class="nobr">public-sector</span> employees.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension, survivor pension, and funeral grant for persons younger than age 60 who cease to work in covered employment.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: <span class="nobr">Self-employed</span> persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$650 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social assistance:</span> Needy persons with little or no means of support.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 3.471% of covered weekly or monthly earnings (March 2013) or 33.3% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes. The voluntarily insured contribute 10.8% of covered earnings (January 2010).</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,308.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is 11.7% (rising to 12% in March 2014) of covered weekly or monthly earnings or payroll, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<h4><span class="h4">Employer</span></h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> 6.942% of covered weekly or monthly payroll or 66.6% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is 11.7% (rising to 12% in March 2014) of covered weekly or monthly earnings or payroll, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> None.</p>
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<h4><span class="h4">Government</span></h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Social insurance:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Social assistance:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> Age 60 with at least 750 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease unless the benefit is claimed at age 65 or older.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> Age 60 with less than 750 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease unless the benefit is claimed at age 65 or older.</p>
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<p><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (social assistance):</span> Aged 65 or older with at least 20 years of residence in Trinidad and Tobago and monthly income up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,800.</p>
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<p>The social assistance pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> Aged 60 or younger, assessed with an incapacity for work, and has at least 150 weeks of contributions, including 50 weeks in the three years immediately before the disability began; 250 weeks in the seven years immediately before the disability began; or 750 weeks of contributions immediately before the disability began.</p>
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<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> Must have a medically certified permanent disability with monthly income up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,000.</p>
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<p>The social assistance disability pension is not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least 50 weeks of contributions or was a National Insurance Board of Trinidad and Tobago pensioner.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum is paid.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> unmarried children up to age 19, and dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The pension ceases for the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> and the children on remarriage of the <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> The deceased had at least 25 weeks of contributions or less than 25 weeks of contributions but died as a result of an occupational injury.</p>
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<h3><span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension (social insurance):</span> 30% to 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings is paid according to 16 wage classes plus 0.56% to 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on the insured's career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The minimum <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,000 a month.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement (social insurance):</span> A lump sum of three times the total insured person and employer contributions is paid.</p>
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<p>The minimum <span class="nobr">old-age</span> settlement is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (social assistance):</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,000 a month is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension (social insurance):</span> 30% to 48% of the insured's average weekly earnings is paid according to 16 wage classes plus 0.56% to 0.71% of average weekly earnings for each <span class="nobr">25-week</span> period of contributions exceeding 750 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on the insured's career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>There is no minimum disability pension.</p>
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<p>The disability pension is replaced by the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension at age 60.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Means-tested disability pension (social assistance):</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,300 a month is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension (social insurance):</span> 60% of the disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p>The minimum spouse's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum of 52 weeks of benefit is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension (social insurance):</span> 30% of the disability pension the deceased received or was entitled to receive is paid to each orphan aged 16 or younger (age 19 if a <span class="nobr">full-time</span> student); 60% for a full orphan.</p>
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<p>The minimum orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1200 for a full orphan.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension (social insurance):</span> 30% of the deceased's pension is paid to one dependent parent or is split equally between two dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The minimum dependent parent's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$300 a month for one parent; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month for two parents.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant (social insurance):</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,500 is paid to the person who paid for the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance and the Economy (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board of Trinidad and Tobago (<abbr>NIBTT</abbr>) (<a href="https://www.nibtt.net">http://www.nibtt.net</a>), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division (http://www2.mpsd.gov.tt/content/social-welfare-division-0), administers the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1939 (social assistance); and 1971 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, apprentices, and <span class="nobr">public-sector</span> employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: <span class="nobr">Self-employed</span> persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$650 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.234% of covered weekly or monthly earnings or 33.3% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,308.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.468% of covered weekly or monthly earnings or 66.6% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,308.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> Aged 16 to 65 with at least 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the incapacity began.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Aged 16 or older with at least 10 weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth; or receiving sickness benefits in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth. The pregnancy must last at least 26 weeks or result in a live birth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> The insured qualifies for the maternity benefit. The grant is also paid for each birth in the case of multiple births and may be paid based on the father's contributions if the mother's are insufficient.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings before the incapacity began, according to 16 wage classes, is paid after a <span class="nobr">three-day</span> waiting period for up to 52 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the incapacity began.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 60% of the insured's average weekly earnings in the 13 weeks before the last six weeks prior to the expected date of childbirth, according to 16 wage classes, is paid for up to 13 weeks.</p>
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<p>Average earnings are based on earnings in the 10 best weeks of contributions in the 13 weeks before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$3,750 is paid.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits are provided for <span class="nobr">work-related</span> medical conditions only.</p>
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<p><span class="nobr">Means-tested</span> social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="nobr">Means-tested</span> social assistance medical benefits are provided to persons receiving care in public hospitals and health centers.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance and the Economy (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board of Trinidad and Tobago (<a href="https://www.nibtt.net">http://www.nibtt.net</a>), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division (http://www2.mpsd.gov.tt/content/social-welfare-division-0), provides general supervision of the social assistance program.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1960 (workmen's compensation); and 1976 (social insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system and employer-liability system.</p>
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<p>Note: Employers are required to either provide <span class="nobr">lump-sum</span> work injury benefits directly to or pay insurance premiums for all employed persons. Survivor benefits are paid to dependents who were totally dependent on the insured.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including agricultural and household workers, paid and unpaid apprentices, and <span class="nobr">public-sector</span> employees.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: <span class="nobr">Self-employed</span> persons, persons who earn less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150 a week or <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$650 a month, and persons employed by international organizations who are granted exemptions.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 0.195% of covered weekly or monthly earnings or 33.3% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,308.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 0.39% of covered weekly or monthly payroll or 66.6% of the overall contribution rate, according to 16 wage classes. The employer pays the employer and employee contribution for unpaid apprentices and for insured persons aged 65 or older.</p>
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<p>The overall contribution rate is the combined employee and employer contributions rates for old age, disability and survivors benefits; sickness and maternity benefits; and work injury benefits.</p>
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<p>The minimum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$150.</p>
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<p>The maximum weekly earnings used to calculate contributions are <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$2,308.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Incapacity for work must be the result of a work injury or occupational disease.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>66.6% of the insured's average weekly earnings, according to 16 wage classes, is paid for up to 52 weeks. There is no waiting period.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on the insured's career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured has an assessed degree of disability of at least 20%, the pension is a percentage of the temporary disability benefit, according to the assessed degree of disability.</p>
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<p>The benefit is paid after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
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<p>The insured's doctor assesses the degree of disability.</p>
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<p>There is no minimum disability pension.</p>
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<p>Partial disability pension: If the insured has an assessed degree of disability of less than 20%, a lump sum of the assessed degree of disability multiplied by the period of disability (up to 365 weeks) multiplied by half the average weekly earnings is paid. A lump sum is paid for an assessed disability of 1% to 3%.</p>
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<p>The benefit is paid after the temporary disability benefit ceases.</p>
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<p>Average weekly earnings are based on career average earnings, according to 16 wage classes.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical expenses, including doctor and specialist fees, hospital expenses, medicine, operations, physiotherapy, appliances, and transportation costs.</p>
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<p>Medical costs are reimbursed, up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$28,125 for each injury.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> 60% of the work injury benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive in the week before death is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er).</span></p>
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<p>The minimum survivor pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: The pension ceases on remarriage, and a lump sum of 52 weeks of benefit is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 30% of the work injury benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive in the week before death is paid to each unmarried orphan aged 19 or younger (no limit if disabled before age 19 and incapable of work).</p>
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<p>The minimum orphan's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,200 for a full orphan if both parents died as a result of a work injury or occupational disease.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension:</span> 30% of the work injury benefit the deceased received or was entitled to receive in the week before death is paid to a dependent parent.</p>
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<p>The minimum dependent parent's pension is <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$300 a month for each parent; <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 if only one living parent.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad under reciprocal agreements with other Caribbean countries and Canada.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,500 is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Finance and the Economy (<a href="https://www.finance.gov.tt/">http://www.finance.gov.tt</a>) provides general supervision of the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>National Insurance Board of Trinidad and Tobago (<a href="https://www.nibtt.net">http://www.nibtt.net</a>), a tripartite body comprising government, labor, and employer representatives, administers the social insurance program.</p>
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<p>Judiciary of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (<a href="https://www.ttlawcourts.org">http://www.ttlawcourts.org</a>) adjudicates work injury claims under the employer liability system.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1939 (social assistance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
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|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Individuals and families assessed as needy.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (means tested):</span> Paid to needy individuals and families with little or no means of support.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Public assistance:</span> Paid to families where the adult is unable to earn an income due to ill health, or for children if the father (or both parents) is deceased, hospitalized, incarcerated, disabled, or whose whereabouts is unknown. Also paid to <span class="nobr">low-income</span> single parent or guardians caring for a disabled child.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> Paid to families to help pay for the cost of a burial.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Paid to needy individuals or victims of a disaster to help purchase clothing, including school uniforms and shoes for children. The grant is paid for up to four persons in each household.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Paid to help purchase prescribed foodstuffs for persons diagnosed with certain conditions, such as diabetes or heart disease.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> Paid to persons aged 18 to 65 with a disability certified by a doctor. The person must have been a resident of Trinidad and Tobago for the last three years and have annual income less than <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$12,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Paid to families to help meet the cost of school fees, school transportation, and other essentials. The grant is paid for up to four children in each household, based on family circumstances.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Provided to social assistance beneficiaries and citizens older than age 65.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Paid to persons unable to pay housing rental payments.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary medical aids, such as wheelchairs, eyeglasses, and hearing aids.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> Paid to help finance <span class="nobr">short-term</span> <span class="nobr">at-home</span> care.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> Paid to help purchase necessary textbooks and writing material for school. The grant is paid for up to four children in each household.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> Paid to parents of children up to age 18 with a mental or physical disability. The grant is paid for up to four children in each household.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances (means tested)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Public assistance:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,450 is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Burial assistance:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,000 is paid.</p>
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|
<p><span class="h5">Clothing grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 per person is paid for up to four persons in each household.</p>
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|
<p><span class="h5">Dietary grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$600 a month is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Disability assistance:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,300 a month is paid.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h5">Education grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 a month for each child is paid for up to four children in each household.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Free bus pass:</span> Free travel on public transport.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">House rent assistance:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,500 is paid directly to the beneficiary's landlord over a <span class="nobr">three-month</span> period.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical equipment grant:</span> Up to <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$7,500 is paid. The purchase of any particular item may only be approved once in each <span class="nobr">two-year</span> period.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Home help grant:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$1,800 a month is paid to the caregiver for up to three months.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">School textbook grant:</span> A lump sum of <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$500 per child is paid for up to four children in each household.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h5">Special child grant:</span> <abbr class="spell">TT</abbr>$800 a month is paid to parents for up to four children in each household.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of the People and Social Development, Social Welfare Division (http://www2.mpsd.gov.tt/content/social-welfare-division-0), administers the social assistance program.</p>
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</div>
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