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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: The Americas, 2013</h1>
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<h1>Jamaica</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 = 96.00 Jamaican dollars (J$).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1965 (national insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance.</p>
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<p>Note: Government-financed social assistance benefits of J$900 a month are provided to <span class="nobr">low-income</span> and vulnerable persons older than age 60 (at any age if disabled).</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed and <span class="nobr">self-employed</span> persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage is available.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Casual workers and unpaid family labor.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 2.5% of covered earnings; household workers and Jamaica Defense Force personnel, J$50 a week; voluntarily insured persons, J$100 a week.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are J$28,846 a week or J$1,500,000 a year. (There are no maximum earnings used to calculate contributions for household workers.)</p>
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<p>Household workers' contributions also finance cash maternity benefits.</p>
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<p>Contributions are paid weekly, bimonthly, or monthly, depending on how the employee is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> J$100 a week plus 5% of covered annual earnings of J$20,800 to J$1,500,000.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2.5% of covered payroll; household workers and Jamaica Defense Force personnel, J$50 a week.</p>
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<p>The maximum earnings used to calculate contributions are J$28,846 a week or J$1,500,000 a year.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance work injury benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 65 (men) or age 62 and 4 months (women, gradually rising to age 65 by 2016) with at least 1,443 weeks of paid contributions, including an annual average of 39 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Partial pension: An annual average of 10 to 38 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: A deferred pension is possible.</p>
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<p>Employment must cease until age 70 (men) or age 67 and 4 months (women, gradually rising to age 70 by 2016).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> Age 65 (men) or age 62 and 4 months (women, gradually rising to age 65 by 2016) and does not meet the contribution requirements for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension but has at least 52 weeks of paid or credited contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="nobr">Old-age</span> benefits are payable abroad on request if the insured resides abroad for at least a year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Assessed as permanently incapable of work with at least 156 weeks of paid contributions.</p>
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<p>An independent medical advisor appointed by the Minister of Labor and Social Security assesses the disability and recommends the frequency of any reassessment of the disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement:</span> Assessed as permanently incapable of work with at least 52 weeks but less than 156 weeks of paid contributions.</p>
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<p>A doctor appointed by the Minister of Labor and Social Security assesses the disability.</p>
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<p>Disability benefits are payable abroad for a limited period if the insured is receiving medical treatment abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension or had an annual average of at least 156 weeks of paid or credited contributions at the time of death.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> aged 55 or older, permanently incapable of work, or caring for children younger than age 18; a widow who is pregnant by the deceased; and full orphans younger than age 18. <span class="nobr">Widow(er)s</span> may also receive benefits based on their own earnings record. A limited pension is paid for one year to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> younger than age 55 without children. The <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> must have been married to the deceased for at least three years or cohabited with the deceased for at least five years.</p>
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<p>Survivor benefits are payable abroad on request if the survivor resides abroad for at least a year.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> The deceased did not meet the contribution requirements for an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension but had at least 52 weeks of paid or credited contributions. The <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> must have been married to the deceased for at least three years or cohabited with the deceased for at least five years.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Special child's benefit:</span> Paid to a guardian caring for an extramarital child younger than age 18 who is orphaned if the child's deceased mother received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension and the child's father is deceased or his whereabouts are unknown; a lump sum is paid if the child's deceased mother was not entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The deceased or the deceased's spouse received or was entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension at the time of death or had at least 26 weeks of contributions in the <span class="nobr">52-week</span> period before the death occurred or 52 weeks contributions in the <span class="nobr">24-month</span> period before the death.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The basic benefit is J$2,800 a week plus an earnings-related benefit of J$0.06 a week for every J$13 of employer/employee contributions paid during the working lifetime.</p>
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<p>Partial pension: A reduced pension of J$2,100 a week (with annual average contributions of 26 to 38 weeks) or J$1,400 a week (with 10 to 25 weeks) is paid, plus an <span class="nobr">earnings-related</span> benefit of J$0.06 a week for every J$13 of <span class="nobr">employer/employee</span> contributions paid during the working lifetime.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension: Calculated in the same way as the <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension.</p>
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<p>Spouse's supplement: J$900 a week is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> A lump sum of J$50,000 is paid.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> J$320 to J$3,200 a week is paid for an assessed degree of disability of 10% to 100%, according to the degree of disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability settlement:</span> A lump sum of nine times the weekly basic <span class="nobr">old-age</span> pension (J$2,800) is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Spouse's pension:</span> A basic benefit of J$2,800 a week is paid if the deceased had an annual average of 39 weeks of paid or credited contributions (reduced to J$2,100 a week with 26 to 38 weeks; J$1,400 a week with 10 to 25 weeks) plus an <span class="nobr">earnings-related</span> benefit of J$0.06 a week for every J$13 of <span class="nobr">employer/employee</span> contributions paid during the working lifetime.</p>
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<p>Remarriage settlement: A lump sum of a year's pension is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> J$4,900 a week is paid for full orphans.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's settlement:</span> A lump sum of J$55,000 is paid for full orphans.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Special child's benefit:</span> J$4,900 a week is paid; a lump sum of J$55,000 is paid if the child's deceased mother was not entitled to receive an <span class="nobr">old-age</span> or disability pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum of J$50,000 is paid.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of J$80,000 is paid to the person who paid for all or part of the cost of the funeral.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security (<a href="https://www.mlss.gov.jm">http://www.mlss.gov.jm</a>) administers the program through its National Insurance Division and local offices.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1965 (national insurance) and 2003 (national health insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system (cash maternity and medical benefits).</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Female employees who reside in Jamaica, including household workers.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: <span class="nobr">Self-employed</span> women.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Residents of Jamaica.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government</span></p>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash maternity benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> The total cost of public health care is financed through general taxation. The complementary universal National Health Fund is partially financed by earmarked taxes on tobacco and alcohol.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> At least 26 weeks of paid contributions in the 52 weeks before the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Must reside in Jamaica.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> A benefit equal to the national weekly minimum wage is paid for eight weeks from the time the claim was made or from the date of childbirth, whichever is later. The claim can be made from 11 weeks before the expected date of childbirth to six months after childbirth.</p>
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<p>The national weekly minimum wage is J$5,000.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Public dispensaries and hospitals provide medical care free or at a nominal cost. The National Health Fund provides universal complementary coverage for prescription drugs for some chronic illnesses.</p>
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<p>A complementary health insurance program, National Insurance Gold, offers additional health coverage for social insurance pensioners.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security (<a href="https://www.mlss.gov.jm">http://www.mlss.gov.jm</a>) administers the program through its National Insurance Division and local offices.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1938 (workmen's compensation).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1965 (national insurance), implemented in 1970.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Household workers, unpaid family labor, <span class="nobr">self-employed</span> persons, and military personnel.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>J$3,200 a week is paid after a three-day waiting period, for up to 52 weeks.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> J$320 to J$3,200 a week is paid for an assessed degree of disability of 10% to 100%, according to the degree of disability.</p>
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<p>A medical board or medical appeal tribunal assesses the disability.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include necessary medical and surgical treatment; rehabilitation; appliances; hospitalization; and medicine.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor benefit:</span> A lump sum of J$166,400 is paid to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of any age; if there is no <span class="nobr">widow(er),</span> to the guardian of the deceased's children or a dependent mother aged 55 or older. If there is more than one child, the amount is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum of J$80,000 is paid to the person who paid for all or part of the funeral. The funeral grant is normally not paid for a death occurring abroad.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security (<a href="https://www.mlss.gov.jm">http://www.mlss.gov.jm</a>) administers the program through its National Insurance Division and local offices.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1941.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2001.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="nobr">Low-income</span> and vulnerable persons.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> The total cost.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> Children younger than age 18, pregnant women, and nursing mothers. (Social assistance is also provided to persons older than age 60 or disabled, see Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.)</p>
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<p><span class="nobr">School-age</span> children must maintain an 85% attendance level at school.</p>
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<p>Pregnant women and nursing mothers must make regular visits to health centers.</p>
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> J$750 a month is paid for children up to age 6; from J$750 to J$1,150 a month is paid for each school-aged child, depending on gender and grade level; and J$900 a month is paid for pregnant women and nursing mothers.</p>
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<p>A minimum grant of J$400 a month is paid if the beneficiaries do not meet the school attendance or medical requirements.</p>
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<p>Eligible persons are also entitled to receive <span class="nobr">in-kind</span> benefits, including free school lunches, exemption from secondary school tuition fees, and free medical care at public health centers and hospitals.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Public Assistance Division of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security (<a href="https://www.mlss.gov.jm/departments/public-assistance-division-overview/">http://www.mlss.gov.jm/pub/index.php</a>) assesses eligibility and administers social assistance benefits as part of the Programme of Advancement Through Health and Education (<abbr>PATH</abbr>).</p>
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