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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2009</h1>
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<div class="innards">
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<h1>Cameroon</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr class="spell">US</abbr>$1.00 equals 479.50 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1969 (pensions), implemented in 1974, with 1984 and 1990 amendments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Voluntary insurance for previously covered workers (not yet implemented).</p>
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<p>Special system for civil servants.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 2.8% of covered earnings.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 300,000 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 4.2% of covered payroll.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 300,000 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 60 with at least 20 years of coverage and at least 180 months of contributions, including at least 60 months in the last 10 years. Retirement from employment is necessary.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Age 50 with at least 20 years of coverage and at least 180 months of contributions, including 60 months in the last 10 years.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad only under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> Age 60 (age 50 for early retirement) and ineligible for the old-age pension, with at least 12 months of contributions.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The insured must be younger than age 60, have an assessed loss of earning capacity of at least 66.7%, and have at least 5 years of coverage, including at least 6 months of contributions in the last year. No contributions are required if the disability is the result of a nonwork-related accident.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.</p>
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<p>The disability pension ceases at the normal retirement age and is replaced by an old-age pension of the same value, including the value of any constant-attendance supplement.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased was a pensioner or met the pension requirements at the time of death or had at least 180 months of coverage.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors are a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of any age, children younger than age 14 (age 18 if an apprentice, age 21 if a student or disabled), and dependent parents.</p>
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<p>The <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>'s pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased met the requirements for the old-age grant.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is equal to 30% of average monthly earnings in the last 3 or 5 years (whichever amount is greater) plus 1% of average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions exceeding 180 months.</p>
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<p>The minimum pension is equal to 50% of the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum pension is equal to 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: 40% of the old-age pension is paid.</p>
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<p>Early pension: Calculated in the same way as the old-age pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> A lump sum is paid equal to the insured's average monthly earnings multiplied by the number of <span class="nobr">12-month</span> periods of coverage.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The pension is equal to 30% of average monthly earnings in the last 3 or 5 years (whichever amount is greater) plus 1% of average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions exceeding 180 months. For each year that a claim is made before the insured reaches age 60, the insured is credited with a <span class="nobr">6-month</span> insurance period.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: 40% of the disability pension is paid.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's old-age pension is paid to the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> Each eligible orphan receives 15% of the deceased's old-age pension; 25% for each full orphan.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension:</span> Each eligible parent receives 10% of the deceased's old-age pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors:</span> In the absence of a surviving <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>, child, or dependent parent, the pension is split equally among other relatives.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 100% of the deceased's old-age pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum is paid equal to 30% of average monthly earnings multiplied by the number of <span class="nobr">6-month</span> periods of contributions.</p>
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<p>If there is more than one survivor, the grant is split equally.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> In the absence of eligible survivors, the cost of the funeral is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Managed by a tripartite council and a director general, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1967, with 1995 amendment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Maternity benefits only.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed women.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed women.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Family Allowances, below.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide some paid sick leave.)</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> The insured must have at least 6 consecutive months of employment and be in insured employment on the date of childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide some paid sick leave.)</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> The benefit is equal to 100% of the last monthly earnings and is paid for 4 weeks before and 10 weeks after the expected date of childbirth; may be extended to 13 weeks after childbirth in the event of complications arising from pregnancy or childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Insured women and the spouses of insured men receive 1,400 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs toward childbirth expenses and 200 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs for each prenatal examination and for pediatric care examinations for up to 6 months.</p>
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<p>Some free medical care is provided by government health facilities.</p>
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<p>The labor code requires employers to provide certain medical services.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits for dependents:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
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<p>Some health care and welfare services are provided to mothers and children under Family Allowances, below.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Managed by a tripartite council and a director general, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1944.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1977 (work injury).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, apprentices, seamen, technical students, and persons in training.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Civil servants.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons (not yet implemented).</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 1.75%, 2.5%, or 5% of gross payroll, according to the assessed degree of risk.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>The benefit is equal to 66.7% of average monthly earnings in the 3 months before the disability began. The benefit is paid from the day after the disability began until full recovery or certification of permanent disability.</p>
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<p>The daily earnings for benefit calculation purposes are subject to a maximum.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured is assessed with a total disability, the pension is equal to 85% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the 3 months before the disability began.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage (28,216 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs).</p>
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<p>The monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are subject to a maximum.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance supplement: If the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions, the legal minimum wage of the insured's sector of activity is paid.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: If the assessed degree of disability is at least 20%, a percentage of the full pension is paid according to the assessed degree of disability; if the assessed degree of disability is less than 20%, a lump sum is paid equal to 10 years of partial disability pension.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical and surgical care, hospitalization, medicines, appliances, X-rays, laboratory services, and rehabilitation.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The pension is equal to 85% of the deceased's average monthly earnings in the last 3 months.</p>
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<p>The pension is split among the eligible survivors according to the schedule in law. Eligible survivors are a surviving spouse, children younger than age 14 (age 18 if an apprentice, age 21 if a full-time student or disabled), and dependent parents.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The cost of the burial is paid.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Managed by a tripartite council and a director general, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1967, with 1995 amendment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employment-related system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons.</p>
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<p>Exclusions: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special system for apprentices with families.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 7% of covered payroll; 5.65% (agriculture); 3.7% (private schools).</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 300,000 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance maternity benefits under Sickness and Maternity, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> The child must be younger than age 14 (age 18 if an apprentice, age 21 if a full-time student or disabled). The parent must be working at least 18 days or 120 hours a month.</p>
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<p>Benefits continue to be paid during periods of work-related disability, for a <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of sick leave, a <span class="nobr">14-week</span> period of maternity leave, a <span class="nobr">3-month</span> period of involuntarily unemployment, and during statutory vacation periods.</p>
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<p>Allowances are also paid to old-age pensioners who retire with dependent children and to eligible survivors with dependent children.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> The pregnant woman must undergo two prescribed medical examinations.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> The mother and child must undergo a prescribed medical examination.</p>
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 1,800 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs a month is paid for each child. The allowance is paid quarterly.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> 1,800 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs a month is paid for 9 months. The allowance is paid in two equal installments: during the 3rd or 4th month of pregnancy and during the 7th or 8th month of pregnancy.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> 21,600 <abbr class="spell">CFA</abbr> francs is paid for each birth.</p>
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<p>Some health care and welfare services are also provided to mothers and children.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>Managed by a tripartite council and a director general, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
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