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<title>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2007 - Gabon</title>
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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2007</h1>
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<h1>Gabon</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: US$1.00 equals 498.16 CFA francs.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1963, 1978, and 1983.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (social security), 1976 (coverage), and 1996 (state pension).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, home workers, and state contract workers not covered under a special system.</p>
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<p>Excluded: Self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants, members of parliament, hospital personnel, military personnel, judiciary members, and certain categories of state contract workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 2.5% of covered earnings; 2% for state contract workers.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are 1,500,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 5% of covered payroll.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are 1,500,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 55; age 50 if prematurely aged, with at least 20 years of coverage including 120 months of contributions during the last 20 years. Retirement from paid employment is necessary.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable abroad only if there is a reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<p>Foreign workers who permanently leave the country may have their contributions reimbursed.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> Paid at the normal retirement age if the insured is ineligible for the old-age pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The insured must be assessed with a loss of at least 2/3 of earning capacity and have at least 5 years of coverage including 30 months of contributions in the 5 years before the disability began. The qualifying conditions are waived for currently employed workers who are disabled as the result of a nonoccupational accident.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> Paid if the deceased had at least 120 months of contributions, met the contribution conditions for a pension, or was a pensioner at the time of death.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> Paid if the deceased was ineligible for an old-age or disability pension.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors are a nonworking or disabled widow or a dependent disabled widower and children younger than age 16 (age 17 if an apprentice, age 20 if a student or disabled).</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is equal to 35% of the insured's average monthly earnings, plus 1% of earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions exceeding 240 months.</p>
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<p>The minimum pension is equal to 85% of the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>Benefits are paid quarterly.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid equal to 50% of the insured's average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of contributions.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The pension is equal to 60% of the old-age pension that the insured would have been entitled to if he or she had worked until age 55. The disability pension is replaced by an old-age pension of the same amount at retirement age.</p>
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<p>The minimum pension is equal to 60% of the highest minimum wage.</p>
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<p>If the insured is assessed as 100% disabled, the pension is paid monthly; otherwise, pensions are paid quarterly. If the insured is assessed as at least 75% disabled, the insured can request to be paid monthly.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The pension is equal to 50% of the deceased's old-age pension. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally among them.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> Each eligible orphan receives 20% of the deceased's pension; 35% if the orphan's mother is ineligible for the widow's pension.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 85% of the deceased's pension.</p>
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<p>Pensions are paid quarterly.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid to the widow equal to a month's pension for each <span class="nobr">3-month</span> period of contributions, up to a maximum of 20 month's pension. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally among them.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund administers contributions and benefits.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1952 (labor code).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (social security), 1976 (coverage), 1995 (health), 2007 (health care), and 2007 (sickness insurance).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Maternity and medical benefits only.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (Legislation passed in 2007 to create a mandatory sickness insurance program has not been implemented.)</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Employed women.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Employed persons and their dependents.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, self-employed persons, and state contract workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of covered payroll for medicines, 1.5% for hospitalization, and 0.6% for medical examinations. Cash maternity benefits are financed by employer contributions made under Family Allowances, below.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are 1,500,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide paid sick leave.)</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Women must be in insured employment for at least 4 months.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide paid sick leave.)</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> The benefit is equal to 50% of the insured's last monthly earnings and is paid for up to 6 weeks before and 8 weeks after (11 weeks in the event of complications arising from pregnancy or childbirth) the expected date of childbirth.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include hospitalization, inpatient and outpatient treatment, medicines, and transportation. Medical services are provided by hospitals and dispensaries operated by the National Social Security Fund and by other participating establishments.</p>
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<p>Cost sharing: Maternity medical care and medicines are free. The insured contributes to the cost of other medical services (insured persons with low income are exempt).</p>
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<p>The labor code requires employers to provide certain medical services.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include hospitalization, inpatient and outpatient treatment, medicines, and transportation. Medical services are provided by hospitals and dispensaries operated by the National Social Security Fund and by other participating establishments.</p>
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<p>Cost sharing: Maternity medical care and medicines are free. The insured contributes to the cost of other medical services (insured persons with low income are exempt).</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1935.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (social security) and 1996 (state pension).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons, including members of cooperatives, apprentices, and students; certain categories of self-employed persons; and convicted persons working in prison workshops.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, certain categories of self-employed persons, and state contract workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3% of gross payroll.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None; contributes as an employer.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>The benefit is equal to 100% of the insured's average daily earnings in the 30 days before the disability began. The benefit is paid from the day after the disability began until full recovery or certification of permanent disability. The benefit for the day of the accident is paid by the employer.</p>
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<p>The daily benefit may be paid in part or in full if the insured resumes a gainful activity intended to help rehabilitation for full-time work. The combined income from benefits and earnings must not exceed the earnings used for benefit calculation purposes.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If the insured is assessed as totally disabled, the pension is equal to 100% of the insured's average earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum permanent disability pension is equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>Partial disability: The pension is equal to average earnings multiplied by 0.5 times the assessed degree of disability for the portion of disability between 10% and 50% and by 1.5 times the assessed degree of disability for the portion greater than 50%. A lump sum is paid for an assessed degree of disability of 10% or less.</p>
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<p>Constant-attendance allowance: Equal to 40% of the pension.</p>
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<p>If the insured is assessed as 100% disabled, the pension is paid monthly; otherwise, pensions are paid quarterly. If assessed as at least 75% disabled, the insured can request to be paid monthly.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Benefits include medical, dental, and surgical care; hospitalization; medicines; appliances; laboratory services; <span class="nobr">X-rays</span>; rehabilitation; and transportation.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The <span class="nobr">widow(er)'s</span> pension is equal to 30% of the deceased's average monthly earnings. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally among them. The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 15% of the deceased's average monthly earnings is paid for each of the first two orphans, plus 10% for each subsequent orphan.</p>
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<p>All survivor benefits combined must not exceed 85% of the deceased's average monthly earnings.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's and grandparent's settlement:</span> A lump sum is paid equal to 6 months of the deceased's average earnings.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> In the absence of eligible survivors, a lump sum equal to 6 months of the deceased's average earnings is paid to the closest relative.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum is paid to cover the cost of the burial (including transportation if the death was the result of an accident), up to a maximum equal to 8 times the deceased's average monthly earnings.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (social security), 2000, and 2002.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employment-related system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>Employed persons and pensioners.</p>
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<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, self-employed persons, and state contract workers.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 8% of covered payroll.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit calculation purposes are 1,500,000 CFA francs.</p>
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<p>The first 20,000 CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
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<p>The employer's contributions also finance cash maternity benefits under Sickness and Maternity, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> The child must be younger than age 16 (age 17 if an apprentice, age 20 if a student or disabled). The parent must have had at least 4 consecutive months of employment and be currently working 20 days a month or be an old-age pensioner or an unmarried widow of a former beneficiary.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> The mother must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> The mother and child must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">School allowances:</span> Paid to dependent primary, secondary, or technical school students.</p>
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<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 7,000 CFA francs a month is paid for each child.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> 13,500 CFA francs is paid in two installments.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> A lump sum of 8,000 CFA francs is paid for each birth and 45,000 CFA francs is paid for the purchase of clothing and other necessities (layette) for a newborn child.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">School allowances:</span> 20,000 CFA francs a year is paid to dependent primary, secondary, or technical school students.</p>
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<p>Some health and welfare services are also provided to mothers and children.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
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<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
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