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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2005</h1>
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<h1>Gabon</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: US$1.00 equals 493.54&nbsp;CFA francs.</div>
<p>Note: This information is from 1997.</p>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1963.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 and 1976.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons.</p>
<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, the self-employed, and state contract workers.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 2.5% of gross earnings.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 1,500,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The first 20,000&nbsp;CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 5% of gross payroll.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 1,500,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The first 20,000&nbsp;CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age&nbsp;55; age&nbsp;50 if prematurely aged, with 20&nbsp;years of insurance coverage including 120&nbsp;months of contributions during the last 20&nbsp;years. Retirement from paid employment is necessary.</p>
<p>The pension is payable abroad only if there is a reciprocal agreement.</p>
<p>Foreign workers who permanently leave the country may have their contributions reimbursed.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> At the normal retirement age, the insured is ineligible for the old-age pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> A loss of 2/3 earning capacity with 5&nbsp;years of insurance coverage including 30&nbsp;months of contributions in the 5&nbsp;years before the onset of disability. The qualifying conditions are waived for currently employed workers who are disabled as the result of a nonoccupational accident.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased had 120&nbsp;months of contributions, met the contribution conditions for a pension, or was a pensioner at the time of death.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> The deceased was ineligible for an old-age or disability pension.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors are a nonworking or disabled widow or a dependent disabled widower and children younger than age&nbsp;16 (age&nbsp;17 if an apprentice, age&nbsp;20 if a student or disabled).</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is equal to 40% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 3 or 5&nbsp;years (whichever is higher) before retirement, plus 1% of earnings for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions beyond 240&nbsp;months.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 85% of the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum pension is 85% of the insured's average earnings used to calculate the pension.</p>
<p>Benefits are paid quarterly.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> A lump sum equal to 50% of the insured's average monthly earnings for each <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of contributions.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The pension is equal to 60% of the old-age pension that the insured would have been entitled to if he or she had worked until age&nbsp;55. The disability pension is replaced by an old-age pension of the same amount at retirement age.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 60% of the highest minimum wage.</p>
<p>If assessed as 100% disabled, the pension is paid monthly; otherwise, pensions are paid quarterly. If assessed as at least 75% disabled, the insured can request a monthly payment.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The pension is equal to 50% of the deceased's old-age pension.</p>
<p>If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally among them.</p>
<p>A widow who has at least one child and is ineligible for the widow's pension receives 35% of the deceased's old-age pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> Each receives 20% of the deceased's pension; 35% for each full orphan.</p>
<p>The total survivor pension must not exceed 85% of the deceased's pension.</p>
<p>Pensions are paid quarterly.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum equal to 100% of the deceased's monthly old-age pension is paid for each <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of contributions.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Security Fund administers contributions and benefits.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1952.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1975 (maternity) and 1976 (medicines).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Maternity and medical benefits only.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Employed women.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Employed persons and their dependents.</p>
<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, the self-employed, and state contract workers.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of gross payroll for medicines, 1.5% for hospitalization, and 0.6% for medical examinations. (Cash maternity benefits are financed by employer contributions made under Family Allowances, below.)</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 1,500,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The first 20,000&nbsp;CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The 1962 labor code requires employers to provide paid sick leave.)</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Women in insured employment for at least 4&nbsp;months.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The 1962 labor code requires employers to provide paid sick leave.)</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> The benefit is equal to 50% of the insured's last monthly earnings. The benefit is payable for up to 6&nbsp;weeks before and 8&nbsp;weeks (10&nbsp;weeks in the case of multiple childbirths, 11&nbsp;weeks in the case of complications) after the expected date of childbirth.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Benefits include hospitalization, inpatient and outpatient treatment, and medicines.</p>
<p>Medical services are provided by hospitals and dispensaries operated by the National Social Security Fund and by other participating establishments.</p>
<p>The 1962 labor code requires employers to provide certain medical services.</p>
<p>Maternity medical care is free.</p>
<p>Cost sharing: The insured contributes 1,500&nbsp;CFA francs for each consultation with a doctor and 15% to 20% of the cost of hospitalization according to the insured's income (insured persons with income less than the legal minimum wage are exempt).</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>No statutory benefits are provided. (Some maternity and child health and welfare services are provided under Family Allowances, below.)</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1935.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1975.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons, including members of cooperatives, apprentices, and students; certain categories of self-employed persons; and convicted persons working in prison workshops.</p>
<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, the self-employed, and state contract workers.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 3% of gross payroll.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 1,500,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The first 20,000&nbsp;CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period. Accidents that occur while commuting to and from work are covered.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>The benefit is equal to 100% of the insured's daily earnings in the 30&nbsp;days before the onset of disability. The benefit is payable from the day after the onset of disability until full recovery or certification of permanent disability.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> For a total disability, the pension is equal to 100% of average earnings.</p>
<p>Partial disability: The pension is equal to average earnings multiplied by 0.5&nbsp;times the assessed degree of disability for the portion of disability between 10% and 50% and by 1.5&nbsp;times the assessed degree of disability for the portion above 50%. A lump sum is payable for an assessed degree of disability of 10% or less.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance allowance: Equal to 40% of the pension. If assessed as 100% disabled, the pension is paid monthly; otherwise, pensions are paid quarterly. If assessed as at least 75% disabled, the insured can request a monthly payment.</p>
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted by ministerial decree according to changes in the cost of living and the legal minimum wage, depending on the financial resources of the system.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Benefits include medical, dental, and surgical care; hospitalization; medicines; appliances; laboratory services; <span class="nobr">X-rays</span>; rehabilitation; and transportation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The pension is equal to 50% of the deceased's earnings. The pension is payable to a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>.</p>
<p>A widow who has at least one child and is ineligible for the widow's pension receives 35% of the deceased's pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> Each receives 20% of the deceased's earnings; 35% for each full orphan.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's and grandparent's pension:</span> Each receives 10% of the deceased's earnings.</p>
<p>The total survivor pension must not exceed 85% of the deceased's earnings.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> In the absence of survivors eligible for a pension, a lump sum equal to 6&nbsp;months of the deceased's earnings is payable to the nearest relative.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> A lump sum covering the cost of the burial is payable, up to a maximum of 8&nbsp;times the deceased's average monthly earnings.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1975.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employment-related system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons with children and old-age pensioners caring for a child who was born before the pensioner retired.</p>
<p>Special systems for civil servants, military personnel, the self-employed, and state contract workers.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 8% of gross payroll. (The employer contributions also finance cash maternity benefits under Sickness and Maternity, above.)</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 1,500,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The first 20,000&nbsp;CFA francs of declared earnings are exempt from contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> The child must be younger than age&nbsp;16 (age&nbsp;17 if an apprentice, age&nbsp;20 if a student or disabled). The parent must have had 4 consecutive months of employment and be currently working 20&nbsp;days a month or be an old-age pensioner or an unmarried widow of a former beneficiary.</p>
<p><span class="h4">School allowances:</span> Payable to dependent primary, secondary, or technical school students.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> Must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> Must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 3,000&nbsp;CFA francs a month for each child.</p>
<p><span class="h4">School allowances:</span> 10,000&nbsp;CFA francs a year to dependent primary, secondary, or technical school students.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> 13,500&nbsp;CFA francs. The allowance is paid in two installments.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> A lump sum of 8,000&nbsp;CFA francs for each birth and 45,000&nbsp;CFA francs for the purchase of clothing and other necessities (layette) for a newborn child.</p>
<p>Some maternity and child health and welfare services are also provided.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Security Fund administers the program.</p>
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