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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2005</h1>
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<h1>Cameroon</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: US$1.00 equals 493.54&nbsp;CFA francs.</div>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1969 (pensions), implemented in 1974, with 1984 and 1990 amendments.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons.</p>
<p>Exclusions: The self-employed.</p>
<p>Voluntary coverage for previously covered workers (not yet implemented).</p>
<p>Special system for civil servants.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 2.8% of gross earnings.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution and benefit purposes are 300,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 4.2% of gross payroll.</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution purposes are 300,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age&nbsp;60 with 20&nbsp;years of insurance coverage and 180&nbsp;months of contributions, including 60&nbsp;months in the last 10&nbsp;years. Retirement from employment is necessary.</p>
<p>The pension is payable abroad only if there is a reciprocal agreement.</p>
<p>Early pension: Age&nbsp;50 with 20&nbsp;years of insurance coverage and 180&nbsp;months of contributions, including 60&nbsp;months in the last 10&nbsp;years.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> Age&nbsp;60 (age&nbsp;50 for early retirement) and ineligible for the old-age pension, with at least 12&nbsp;months of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> A loss of 2/3 of earning capacity with 5&nbsp;years of insurance coverage, including at least 6&nbsp;months of contributions in the last year. No contributions are required if the disability is the result of a nonwork-related accident.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased was a pensioner or met the pension requirements at the time of death or had at least 180&nbsp;months of insurance coverage.</p>
<p>Eligible survivors are a <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of any age, children younger than age&nbsp;14 (age&nbsp;18 if an apprentice, age&nbsp;21 if a student or disabled), and dependent parents.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> The deceased met the requirements for the old-age grant.</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> The pension is equal to 30% of average monthly earnings in the last 3 or 5&nbsp;years (whichever is higher), plus 1% for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions beyond 180&nbsp;months.</p>
<p>The minimum pension is 50% of the legal minimum wage.</p>
<p>The maximum pension is 80% of the insured's average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Equal to 40% of the old-age pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age grant:</span> A lump sum equal to the insured's average monthly earnings times the number of <span class="nobr">12-month</span> periods of coverage.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> The pension is equal to 30% of average monthly earnings in the last 3 or 5&nbsp;years (whichever is higher), plus 1% for each <span class="nobr">12-month</span> period of contributions beyond 180&nbsp;months. For each year that a claim is made before the insured reaches age&nbsp;60, the insured is credited with a <span class="nobr">6-month</span> insurance period.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: Equal to 40% of the insured's disability pension.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 50% of the deceased's old-age pension is payable to the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span>. If there is more than one widow, the pension is split equally among them.</p>
<p>The pension ceases on remarriage.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Orphan's pension:</span> 15% of the deceased's old-age pension is payable to each orphan; 25% for each full orphan.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Dependent parent's pension:</span> 10% of the deceased's old-age pension each.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Other eligible survivors (in the absence of the above):</span> The pension is split equally among other relatives.</p>
<p>The total survivor pension must not exceed 100% of the deceased's old-age pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor grant:</span> A lump sum equal to 1&nbsp;month's pension (based on 180&nbsp;months of contributions) for each <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of contributions.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Employment, Labor, and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Managed by a tripartite council and director general, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1967, with 1995 amendment.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system. Maternity benefits only.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed women.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Self-employed women.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Family Allowances, below.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide some paid sick leave.)</p>
<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> Six months of consecutive employment and insured at the date of childbirth.</p>
<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> No statutory benefits are provided. (The labor code requires employers to provide some paid sick leave.)</p>
<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 100% of the last monthly earnings. The benefit is payable 4&nbsp;weeks before and 10&nbsp;weeks after the expected date of childbirth; up to 16&nbsp;weeks after childbirth in case of complications).</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Insured women and the spouses of insured men receive 1,400&nbsp;CFA francs toward expenses in connection with childbirth and 200&nbsp;CFA francs for each prenatal examination and for pediatric care examinations for up to 6&nbsp;months.</p>
<p>Some free medical care is provided by government health facilities.</p>
<p>The labor code requires employers to provide certain medical services.</p>
<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>No statutory benefits are provided.</p>
<p>Some child health care and welfare services are provided to mothers and children under Family Allowances, below.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Employment, Labor, and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1944.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1977 (work injury).</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons, apprentices, seamen, technical students, and persons in training.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Civil servants.</p>
<p>Voluntary coverage for the self-employed (not yet implemented).</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 1.75%, 2.5%, or 5% of gross payroll, according to the assessed degree of risk.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>The benefit is equal to 2/3 of monthly earnings during the 3&nbsp;months before the onset of disability. The benefit is payable from the day after the onset of disability until full recovery or certification of permanent disability.</p>
<p>The maximum daily earnings for benefit purposes are 17,933&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> If totally disabled, the pension is equal to 85% of average earnings during the 3&nbsp;months before the onset of disability.</p>
<p>The minimum monthly earnings for benefit purposes are equal to the legal minimum wage (23,514&nbsp;CFA francs).</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for benefit purposes are 537,994&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>Constant-attendance supplement: The annual benefit varies according to the value of the insured's salary and the sector of activity in which the inured is employed.</p>
<p>Partial disability: If the degree of disability is at least 20%, the pension is a percentage of the full pension according to the assessed degree of disability; if the assessed degree of disability is less than 20%, a lump sum equal to 10&nbsp;years' partial disability pension is paid.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Benefits include medical and surgical care, hospitalization, medicines, appliances, <span class="nobr">X-rays</span>, laboratory services, and rehabilitation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The pension is equal to 85% of the deceased's average earnings in the last 3&nbsp;months.</p>
<p>The pension is split among the eligible survivors according to the schedule in law. Eligible survivors are a surviving spouse, children younger than age&nbsp;14 (age&nbsp;18 if an apprentice, age&nbsp;21 if a full-time student or disabled), and dependent parents.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Funeral grant:</span> The cost of the burial.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Employment, Labor, and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1956.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1967, with 1995 amendment.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Employment-related system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons.</p>
<p>Exclusions: The self-employed.</p>
<p>Special system for apprentices with families.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 7% of gross payroll; 5.65% (agriculture) and 3.7% (private schools).</p>
<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution purposes are 300,000&nbsp;CFA francs.</p>
<p>The above contributions also finance maternity benefits under Sickness and Maternity, above.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> The child must be younger than age&nbsp;14 (age&nbsp;18 if an apprentice, age&nbsp;21 if a full-time student or disabled). The parent must be working 18&nbsp;days or 120&nbsp;hours a month.</p>
<p>Benefits continue to be paid during periods of work-related disability, for a <span class="nobr">6-month</span> period of sick leave, for a <span class="nobr">14-week</span> period of maternity leave, for a <span class="nobr">3-month</span> period if involuntarily unemployed, and during statutory vacation periods.</p>
<p>Allowances are also payable to old-age pensioners who retire with dependent children and to eligible survivors with dependent children.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> Must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> Must undergo prescribed medical examinations.</p>
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 1,800&nbsp;CFA francs a month for each child. The allowance is paid every 3&nbsp;months.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Prenatal allowance:</span> 1,800&nbsp;CFA francs a month for 9&nbsp;months. The allowance is paid in two installments.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Birth grant:</span> 21,600&nbsp;CFA francs for each birth.</p>
<p>Some child health care and welfare services are also provided to mothers and children.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Ministry of Employment, Labor, and Social Security provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
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