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<title>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2003 - Sudan</title>
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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa, 2003</h1>
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<h1>Sudan</h1>
<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: U.S.$1.00 equals 260 dinars.</div>
<p>Note: This information is from 1997.</p>
<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1974.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1990.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employees of firms and agricultural establishments with five or more workers. Applies throughout most of the country.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Domestic servants, homeworkers, family labor, and the self-employed.</p>
<p>Special system for public-sector employees and the armed forces.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 8% of monthly wages.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 17% of monthly payroll.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<p>(Insured persons may receive credit for previous years of service by paying an additional lump sum in accordance with the schedule in law.)</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 60 (men) or 55 (women); earlier for those engaged in arduous work, with 12 years of contributions.</p>
<p>Early pension: A reduced early pension is payable from age 45 with 12 years of contributions.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> For an insured person at retirement age who is not eligible for a pension.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Permanent total incapacity. There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The insured person was a pensioner at the time of death. There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> The insured person was not eligible for a pension.</p>
<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> 1/50 of average monthly earnings.</p>
<p>The maximum pension is 75% of earnings.</p>
<p>The pensioner can take part of the pension as a lump-sum benefit, without interest.</p>
<p>Reduced pension: The pension is reduced by 20% for persons aged 45 to 49, 15% for ages 50 to 54, and 10% for ages 55 to 59.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Old-age settlement:</span> A lump-sum refund of all the employer and employee contributions, plus any benefit accrued prior to 1990.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> 50% of the previous year's average monthly earnings.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 50% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the preceding year or 100% of the old-age pension, whichever is higher. The pension is payable to a widow
(if there is more than one widow, the pension is divided equally) or dependent widower, to orphans under age 18 (age 26 if a student; no limit if disabled or an unmarried daughter), and parents. Full orphans receive 100% of the pension.</p>
<p>A lump sum equal to 42 months' pension or 42 months' earnings is paid if the insured was not a pensioner at the time of death. In the absence of a surviving widow, orphans, or parents, the lump sum is payable to dependent brothers and sisters.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor settlement:</span> A lump sum is payable if the insured person was not eligible for a pension.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Minister of Manpower provides general supervision.</p>
<p>Managed by a tripartite governing board and director, the National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
<h2>Work Injury</h2>
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1947.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1990.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
<h3>Coverage</h3>
<p>Employed persons.</p>
<p>Exclusions: Family labor, members of the armed forces, members of the police force, and prison labor.</p>
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> 2% of monthly payroll.</p>
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> None.</p>
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
<p>The assessed degree of disability multiplied by 80% of the monthly wage.</p>
<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> 80% of the current wage, if totally disabled.</p>
<p>Partial disability: A percentage of the full benefit proportionate to the assessed degree of loss of working capacity.</p>
<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
<p>Medical treatment and transportation.</p>
<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 80% of the previous year's average monthly wage, payable to a widow, a dependent widower, orphans (under age 18 or disabled), an unmarried daughter, and parents.</p>
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
<p>Minister of Labor and Administrative Reform provides general supervision.</p>
<p>National Social Insurance Fund administers the program.</p>
<p>Medical care is provided by public health services.</p>
<p>Transportation is provided by the employer.</p>
<p>Employers must insure the assessed liability with private insurance companies.</p>
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