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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2008</h1>
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<h1>Kuwait</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: <abbr>US</abbr>$1.00 equals 0.27 dinars.</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current laws:</span> 1976 (civilians), implemented in 1977; 1980 (military), implemented in 1981; and 1992 (supplementary), implemented in 1995.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Basic system:</span> Civil servants, oil and private-sector workers, self-employed persons, and military personnel.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Supplementary system:</span> Employees with covered monthly earnings greater than 1,250 dinars and those with sources of earnings not covered by the basic system.</p>
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<p>Voluntary coverage for self-employed persons (not yet implemented).</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<h4>Basic system</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> 5% of gross earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 230 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> 5% to 15% of monthly income, chosen from 22 income bands by the self-employed person.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 200 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> 10% of payroll.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 230 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> A subsidy equal to 10% of the total payroll for employees, 32.5% of the total payroll for military personnel, and 25% of total declared income for self-employed persons.</p>
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<h4>Supplementary system</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Insured person:</span> 5% of earnings exceeding 1,250 dinars.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,251 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 2,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Self-employed person:</span> 5% of declared income exceeding 1,250 dinars, on a voluntary basis (not yet implemented).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,251 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 2,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Employer:</span> 10% of the payroll exceeding the maximum payroll covered by the basic system.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 1,251 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for contribution calculation purposes are 2,250 dinars.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Government:</span> None.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustments under both systems are financed by a combined additional monthly contribution by the insured person (2%), self-employed person (3%), employer (1%), and government (2%) on total earnings, up to 2,500 dinars.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<h4>Old-age pension</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Basic system:</span> Age 50 with at least 15 years of contributions for men and women. (The pensionable age will increase gradually to age 55 by 2020.)</p>
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<p>Age 47 with at least 20 years of contributions for men and unmarried women with no children. (The pensionable age will increase gradually to age 55 by 2020.)</p>
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<p>Age 40 with at least 15 years of contributions for married women and women with children. (The pensionable age will increase gradually to age 50 by 2020.)</p>
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<p>At any age with at least 20 years of contributions for those in arduous work.</p>
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<p>At any age with at least 15 years of contributions for women who take care of a husband or a child with a disability.</p>
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<p>Age 65 with at least 15 years of contributions or age 55 with at least 20 years of contributions for self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>Age 50 with at least 15 years of contributions or age 45 with at least 20 years of contributions for military personnel, subject to other conditions.</p>
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<p>Retirement is necessary, except if moving from the public sector to the private sector, with certain requirements as to the length of service in the public sector.</p>
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<p>Deferred basic pension: The basic pension may be deferred.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Supplementary system:</span> Paid at the same time as the old-age pension under the basic system.</p>
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<p>Deferred supplementary pension: The supplementary pension may be deferred.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<h4>Disability pension</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Basic system:</span> An assessed degree of incapacity for work of more than 50%.</p>
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<p>The degree of disability is assessed by the general medical council.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Supplementary system:</span> An assessed degree of incapacity for work of more than 50%.</p>
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<p>The degree of disability is assessed by the general medical council.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The insured met the coverage requirements for a pension or was a pensioner at the time of death.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant:</span> Paid on the death of an insured person or a pensioner.</p>
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<p>Benefits are not payable abroad.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<h4>Old-age pension</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Basic system:</span> The benefit is equal to 65% (75% for military personnel) of the insured's last monthly earnings or the average monthly insured income in the last 3 years for self-employed persons, plus 2% for each year of contributions exceeding 15 years, up to 95% of earnings (100% for military personnel).</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are 230 dinars; 200 dinars for self-employed persons.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are 1,250 dinars.</p>
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<p>Part of the pension may be paid as a lump sum before age 65.</p>
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<p>An additional lump sum is paid to persons with more than the required number of years of insurance coverage.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Flat-rate adjustments are made to benefits every 3 years.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Supplementary system:</span> The benefit is equal to the accrued sum in the insured's account divided by a fixed amount varying from 202 dinars to 120 dinars, according to the insured's age.</p>
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<p>The accrued sum is calculated based on 15% to 25% (according to age) of the insured's average monthly earnings during the total contribution period, plus 2.5% for each year of contribution.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are 1,251 dinars.</p>
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<p>The maximum monthly earnings for benefit calculation purposes are 2,250 dinars.</p>
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<p>Deferred pension (supplementary system): The benefit is increased by 5% for each year of deferral.</p>
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<p>Part of the pension may be paid as a lump sum before age 65.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Flat-rate adjustments are made to benefits every 3 years.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<h4>Disability pension</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Basic system:</span> The benefit is equal to 65% (75% for military personnel) of the insured's last monthly earnings, plus 2% for each year of contributions exceeding 15 years, up to 95% of earnings (100% for military personnel). The insured is credited with contribution years from the date the disability began until age 60.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Flat-rate adjustments are made to benefits every 3 years.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Supplementary system:</span> The benefit is equal to the accrued sum in the insured's account divided by a fixed amount varying from 202 dinars to 120 dinars, according to the insured's age.</p>
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<p>The accrued sum is calculated based on 15% to 25% (according to age) of the insured's average monthly earnings during the total contribution period, plus 2.5% for each year of contribution.</p>
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<p>The insured is credited with contribution years from the date the disability began until age 60.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Flat-rate adjustments are made to benefits every 3 years.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The maximum pension is equal to 100% of the deceased's pension, according to the number and category of eligible survivors. The survivor pension for different eligible categories of survivors is set according to the schedule in law.</p>
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<p>Eligible survivors include widows; dependent widowers (disabled and incapable of working); children (sons must be younger than age 26 or age 28 if a full-time student); parents; brothers; sisters; and a son's children. There is no limit for unmarried female survivors or disabled male survivors.</p>
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<p>The pension is suspended on marriage, but is reinstated if subsequently divorced or widowed.</p>
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<p>The pension is suspended or ceases if the survivor (except the widow) starts working.</p>
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<p>If a survivor's eligibility ceases, the pension is split among all remaining eligible survivors.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly pension is 229 dinars for a widow or a dependent widower; 180 dinars for each parent; 115 dinars for each of the other survivors.</p>
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<p>Marriage grant: The deceased's daughter or sister or the daughter of the deceased's son receives a grant equal to 6 months of her share of the pension. The grant is paid to each survivor only once.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Death grant:</span> The grant is equal to twice the deceased's last monthly earnings or pension. The minimum grant is twice the minimum wage in the oil and private sectors.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis, usually at the same time as wage increases for civil servants.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Public Institution for Social Security (<a href="https://www.pifss.gov.kw">http://www.pifss.gov.kw</a>), managed by a board of directors and chaired by the Minister of Finance, administers the program.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First and current law:</span> 1976 (social insurance), not yet implemented.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
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<p>There is no specific program for work injury. Cash benefits for a work-related injury are provided through the basic system of the Old Age, Disability, and Survivors program, above.</p>
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<p>The government pays for any medical care required as the result of a work-related injury.</p>
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