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<h1>Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Asia and the Pacific, 2004</h1>
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<h1>Armenia</h1>
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<div class="exchangeRate">Exchange rate: US$1.00 equals 549 dram (dr.).</div>
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<h2>Old Age, Disability, and Survivors</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1956 and 1964.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 2002 (state pensions), implemented in 2003.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance and social assistance system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p>All employees, self-employed persons, collective farmers, scientists, and artists.</p>
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<p>Special systems for military personnel and the police and their family members.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> 3% of net monthly earnings.</p>
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<p>The minimum monthly earnings for contribution purposes are 5,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr></p>
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<p>There are no maximum earnings for contribution purposes.</p>
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<p>The contributions of insured persons also finance sickness and maternity, work injury, and unemployment benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> 15% of annual income less than 1,200,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> (applies also to some artists and scientists). If annual income is greater than 1,200,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr>, the contribution is a flat rate of 180,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr>, plus 5% of the amount greater than 1,200,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> (Collective farmers are exempt from payments.)</p>
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<p>The contributions of self-employed persons also finance sickness and maternity, work injury, and unemployment benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> A flat-rate monthly contribution of 5,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> on behalf of employees with monthly income less than 20,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> If monthly income is greater than 20,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr>, a flat-rate monthly contribution of 5,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr>, plus 15% of the amount greater than 20,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> but less than 100,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> (If collective farmers are employers, they also make a social payment on behalf of employees.) If monthly income exceeds 100,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr>, a flat-rate monthly contribution of 17,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> plus 5% of the amount greater than 100,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr></p>
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<p>The above employer contributions also finance sickness and maternity and unemployment benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Total cost of the social pension and subsidies as needed.</p>
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<p>The above government contributions also finance sickness and maternity, work injury, and unemployment benefits.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> Age 63 (men) or age 59.5 (women) with at least 25 years of covered employment.</p>
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<p>Age 58.5 (men) or age 53.5 (women) with at least 20 years of covered employment in arduous or hazardous work; age 53.5 (men) or age 48 (women) with at least 15 years of covered employment in extremely arduous or hazardous work.</p>
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<p>There is no legal minimum pension, but the base pension is 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr></p>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> Total or partial disability with at least 5 years of covered employment. The pension is awarded according to three assessed degrees of disability: total incapacity for work and requiring constant attendance (Group I); total incapacity for work but not requiring constant attendance (Group II); or partial incapacity for usual work (Group III).</p>
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<p>A specialized medical committee assesses the degree of disability.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> The deceased had at least 15 years of covered employment.</p>
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<p>The pension is payable to a surviving spouse; a person, not employed at the time of deceased's death and not receiving any pension, who cares for the deceased's children, brothers, sisters, or grandchildren younger than age 8; full orphans younger than age 18 who are not receiving any other pension.</p>
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<p>For all pensions, covered employment includes years in university education, years of service in the armed forces, caring for disabled persons or children younger than age 3, and periods receiving unemployment benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social pension:</span> Age 65 (any age if disabled) for men and women with less than 5 years of covered employment.</p>
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<p>All pensions are payable abroad under reciprocal agreement.</p>
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<h3>Old-Age Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Old-age pension:</span> 100% of the base pension, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for every year of covered employment, multiplied by a coefficient).</p>
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<p>The base pension is 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
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<p>There is no maximum pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social pension:</span> 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Disability pension:</span> For a Group I pension, 120% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each full calendar year of covered employment); for a Group II pension, 100% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment, multiplied by a coefficient).</p>
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<p>Partial disability (Group III): 80% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment).</p>
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<p>The base pension is 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
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<p>There is no maximum pension.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Social pension:</span> 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension:</span> 100% of the base pension, plus 50% of the bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year the deceased was in covered employment, multiplied by a coefficient); full orphans, 120% of the base pension, plus 50% of the bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment of both deceased parents).</p>
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<p>The base pension is 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
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<p>There is no maximum survivor pension.</p>
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<p>The survivor pension payable to a spouse ceases on remarriage.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (<a href="https://www.mlsa.am/">http://www.mss.am</a>) is responsible for policy.</p>
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<p>Council of the Social Insurance State Fund, including the Minister of Labor and Social Affairs, the Minister for Health, the Minister for Finance and Economics, the Chairman of the State Fund, and the Chairman of the Trade Unions, provides general coordination and oversight.</p>
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<p>Regional and provincial branches of the Social Insurance State Fund (http://www.sif.am) administer the program.</p>
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<h2>Sickness and Maternity</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1912.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1991 (maternity benefits) and 1992 (state social benefits).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash benefits) and universal (medical care) system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness and maternity benefits:</span> All employees, self-employed persons, collective farmers, scientists, and artists.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> All residents.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<h4>Insured person</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<h4>Self-employed person</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<h4>Employer</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None. (The total cost of optional employer-operated health care facilities.)</p>
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<h4>Government</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> Subsidies as needed from central and local governments and the total cost of child-care leave benefit.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> Total cost of medical care is paid by central and local government budgets.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash sickness benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash maternity benefits:</span> In insured employment.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Childbirth or adoption lump sum:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Resident in Armenia.</p>
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<h3>Sickness and Maternity Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Sickness benefit:</span> If insured for at least 8 years, 100% of average earnings in the last 3 months before the onset of incapacity; if insured for less than 8 years, 80% of earnings.</p>
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<p>The benefit is also payable to care for a sick child.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Maternity benefit:</span> 100% of average earnings in the last 3 months is payable for a maximum of 140 days (70 days before and 70 days after the expected date of childbirth); up to 155 days if there are complications resulting from childbirth; up to 180 days for multiple births.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Child-care leave benefit:</span> 2,300 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month until the child is age 2.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Childbirth or adoption lump sum:</span> 35,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> per child.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical services are provided directly to patients by government health providers. Medical benefits include preventive care, general and specialist curative care, hospitalization, laboratory services, dental care, maternity care, and transportation. Care in sanatoria and rest homes is provided, with preference being given to insured workers who may pay part of the cost.</p>
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<p>Cost sharing: Patients pay part of the cost of appliances.</p>
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<p>Medicines, if provided with hospitalization, are free. Medicines are free for disabled children younger than age 16, for all infants until age 1, and for pensioners receiving only the base pension.</p>
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<h3>Dependents' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Same as for the insured.</p>
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<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash benefits:</span> Social Insurance State Fund provides general oversight of the program. The Social Insurance State Fund's regional and provincial departments within local governments administer benefits.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Ministry of Health and health departments of local governments provide general supervision and coordination. Medical services are provided through clinics, hospitals, maternity homes, and other facilities administered by the Ministry of Health and local health departments.</p>
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<h2>Work Injury</h2>
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">First laws:</span> 1956 and 1974.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1992 (state social benefits), 1996 (short-term benefits), and 2002 (state pensions).</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance (cash benefits) and universal (medical care) system.</p>
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<h3>Coverage</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Cash benefits:</span> All employees.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> All residents.</p>
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<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
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<h4>Insured person</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None.</p>
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> Not applicable.</p>
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<h4>Employer</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> None. (The total cost of optional employer-operated health care facilities.)</p>
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<h4>Government</h4>
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<p><span class="h5">Cash benefits:</span> Subsidies as needed from central and local governments.</p>
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<p><span class="h5">Medical benefits:</span> Total cost of medical care is paid by central and local government budgets.</p>
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Work injury benefits:</span> There is no minimum qualifying period.</p>
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<h3>Temporary Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p>100% of the insured's average monthly earnings in the last 12 months before the onset of disability or occupational disease. The benefit is payable from the first day of incapacity until recovery or the award of a permanent disability pension.</p>
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<p>A specialized medical committee assesses the degree of disability.</p>
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<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Permanent Disability Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability pension:</span> For a Group I pension (total incapacity for any work), 120% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each full calendar year of covered employment); for Group II (total incapacity for usual work), 100% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment, multiplied by a coefficient).</p>
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<p>Partial disability (Group III): 80% of the base pension a month, plus a bonus pension (140 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment).</p>
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|
<p>A specialized medical committee assesses the degree of disability.</p>
|
|
<p>The base pension is 3,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
|
|
<p>There is no maximum pension.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
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<h3>Workers' Medical Benefits</h3>
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<p>Medical services are provided directly to patients by government health providers. Benefits include preventive care, general and specialist curative care, hospitalization, laboratory services, dental care, maternity care, and transportation. Care in sanatoria and rest homes is provided, with the insured paying part of the cost. The insured must pay the full cost of appliances and medicines.</p>
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<h3>Survivor Benefits</h3>
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<p><span class="h4">Survivor pension (orphan's pension):</span> 100% of the base pension, plus 50% of the bonus pension (80 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year the deceased was in covered employment); full orphans, 120% of the base pension, plus 50% of the bonus pension (80 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> for each year of covered employment of both deceased parents).</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Temporary disability benefits:</span> General supervision by the Social Insurance State Fund.</p>
|
|
<p>Enterprises and employers pay benefits to their employees.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Permanent disability and survivor pensions:</span> Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs is responsible for policy.</p>
|
|
<p>Council of the Social Insurance State Fund, including the Minister for Labor and Social Affairs, the Minister for Health, the Minister for Finance and Economics, the Chairman of the State Fund, and the Chairman of the Trade Unions, provides general coordination and oversight.</p>
|
|
<p>Regional and provincial branches of the Social Insurance State Fund administer the program.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Medical benefits:</span> Ministry of Health and health departments of local governments provide general supervision and coordination. The Ministry of Health and local health departments administer the provision of medical services through clinics, hospitals, maternity homes, and other facilities.</p>
|
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<h2>Unemployment</h2>
|
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<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1921.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current law:</span> 1996 (unemployment), implemented in 1997.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Social insurance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>All employees.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors, above.</p>
|
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<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Subsidies from central and local governments as needed.</p>
|
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<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Unemployment benefit:</span> Payable if unemployed as a result of enterprise reorganization, staff reduction, or cancellation of a collective agreement; a partial benefit is paid if dismissed for a breach of discipline or for voluntarily unemployment.</p>
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<p>The insured had a minimum of 12 weeks of covered employment in the 12 months before unemployment; a minimum of 7 months of covered employment between two episodes of unemployment; is seeking to rejoin the labor force after a lengthy period of unemployment; or is seeking work for the first time. The insured must be registered at an employment office and be able and willing to work.</p>
|
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<h3>Unemployment Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p>For involuntary unemployment, the monthly benefit is 100% of the base unemployment benefit; for voluntary unemployment, 80% of the base benefit; for those dismissed for a breach of discipline, 60% of the base benefit.</p>
|
|
<p>The base unemployment benefit is 3,900 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month.</p>
|
|
<p>The benefit is paid for up to 12 months.</p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Social Insurance State Fund (http://www.sif.am) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (<a href="https://www.mlsa.am/">http://www.mss.am</a>) provide general oversight.</p>
|
|
<p>Regional Employment Service and regional Departments of Labor and Employment administer the program.</p>
|
|
<h2>Family Allowances</h2>
|
|
<h3>Regulatory Framework</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">First law:</span> 1944.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Current laws:</span> 1997, 1999, and 2002 (family allowances).</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Type of program:</span> Universal and social assistance system.</p>
|
|
<h3>Coverage</h3>
|
|
<p>Families with children.</p>
|
|
<h3>Source of Funds</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Insured person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Self-employed person:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Employer:</span> None.</p>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Government:</span> Total cost.</p>
|
|
<h3>Qualifying Conditions</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> The beneficiary must be employed at the time of the child's birth. Benefits are payable for children up to age 17.</p>
|
|
<p>Low-income family supplement: Urban families with children and a per capita family income lower than 60% of the minimum wage.</p>
|
|
<h3>Family Allowance Benefits</h3>
|
|
<p><span class="h4">Family allowances:</span> 2,300 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month for a child younger than age 2 if the mother is not working; 1,150 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month for a child younger than age 2 if the mother is working.</p>
|
|
<p>Supplementary benefit: 700 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr> a month for an unwed or single mother.</p>
|
|
<p>Low-income family supplement: A supplement for low-income families equal to 10% of the minimum wage a month per child, up to a maximum of 60% of the minimum wage per family.</p>
|
|
<p>The minimum wage is 13,000 <abbr title="dram">dr.</abbr></p>
|
|
<p>Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted on an ad hoc basis according to available resources.</p>
|
|
<h3>Administrative Organization</h3>
|
|
<p>Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (<a href="https://www.mlsa.am/">http://www.mss.am</a>) is responsible for the program.</p>
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</div>
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</article>
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