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<title>Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized DI, SSI, and OASI Program Participants, 2016 Update</title>
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<h1 itemprop="headline">Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, and <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> Program Participants, 2016&nbsp;Update</h1>
<div id="hByline">by <span itemprop="author">Matt Messel and Brad Trenkamp</span><br>Research and Statistics Note <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nobr">2022-01</span> (released April&nbsp;2022)</div>
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<p>The authors are with the Office of Research, Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, Office of Retirement and Disability Policy, Social Security Administration.</p>
<p><i>Acknowledgments:</i> The authors would like to thank Lynn Fisher, Pat Purcell, Chris Tamborini, Anya Olsen, Mark Sarney, Jeff Hemmeter, Shelley Bailey, Ben Pitkin, and Jessie Dalrymple for many helpful suggestions and feedback.</p>
<p>Contents of this publication are not copyrighted; any items may be reprinted, but citation is requested. The findings and conclusions presented in this note are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Social Security Administration.</p>
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<h2>Introduction</h2>
<div class="abbrtable">
<table>
<caption>Selected Abbreviations</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:25%"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr></td>
<td>Annual Social and Economic Supplement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr></td>
<td>Current Population Survey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr></td>
<td>Disability Insurance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr></td>
<td>Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr></td>
<td>Old-Age and Survivors Insurance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr></td>
<td>Payment History Update System</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr>SIPP</abbr></td>
<td>Survey of Income and Program Participation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr>SNAP</abbr></td>
<td>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr></td>
<td>Social Security Administration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></td>
<td>Supplemental Security Income</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr></td>
<td>Supplemental Security Record</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr title="TAN F">TANF</abbr></td>
<td>Temporary Assistance for Needy Families</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><abbr>WIC</abbr></td>
<td>Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and&nbsp;Children</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>The Social Security Administration (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>) produces several statistical publications based on the data used to administer the <span class="nobr">Old-Age,</span> Survivors, and Disability Insurance (<abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr>) and Supplemental Security Income (<abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>) programs. Although these data are extensive, they do not capture many of the economic and demographic characteristics of program participants. To better understand those beneficiary populations, <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> matches information from its administrative records with data collected in surveys conducted by the Census Bureau and presents the results in notes such as this. <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2008-02.html">DeCesaro and Hemmeter (2008)</a> contains tables describing the characteristics of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> and Social Security Disability Insurance (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) participants based on 2002&nbsp;Survey of Income and Program Participation (<abbr>SIPP</abbr>) data. <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2014-02.html">Bailey and Hemmeter (2014)</a> updates those tables with 2010&nbsp;<abbr>SIPP</abbr> data, and <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2015-02.html">Bailey and Hemmeter (2015)</a> updates them with 2013&nbsp;<abbr>SIPP</abbr>&nbsp;data. This note updates the tables for 2016 using data from the March&nbsp;2017 Annual Social and Economic Supplement (<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>) of the Current Population Survey (<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>). It expands on previous notes by also including statistics on Social Security <span class="nobr">Old-Age</span> and Survivors Insurance (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries.</p>
<h2>Data and Methodology</h2>
<p>The <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> is a household survey of the noninstitutionalized resident population of the United States. The <abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> focuses specifically on various sources of household, family, and individual income. We use <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> data for this update for two reasons. First, the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> has a larger sample than the <abbr>SIPP</abbr> does. This larger sample size allows us to report statistics for racial groups and other subpopulations that could not be covered in previous versions of this note. Second, the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> is collected on an annual basis with relatively few changes between survey years, which allows us to compare beneficiary characteristics across single years.</p>
<p>We match 2017 <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> data to Social Security administrative records for 2016 based on the respondent's validated Social Security number. We include only individuals with matched records, who constitute roughly 85&nbsp;percent of the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> sample. We then adjust the survey weights to match our subsample to the full survey population. Using logit modeling, our approach identifies a combination of observable factors that predict whether a survey respondent has an administrative-data match in <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>'s Numerical Identification System (Numident) file.</p>
<p>We run a series of logit models, the most robust of which includes age, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, family income, and the householder's marital status as predictive factors. Using this model, we assign a propensity score to each <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> respondent that indicates the likelihood, based on that individual's set of observable characteristics, that the Numident contains a matching record. We multiply the survey weights of individuals with matching Numident data by the inverse of this propensity score, so that individuals with lower propensity scores receive higher adjustments. For instance, individuals with lower levels of education or who were born outside the United States are found to be less likely to have matching administrative records and thus receive a higher adjusted weight. The interquartile range of the adjusted survey weights is from 109&nbsp;percent to 119&nbsp;percent of the original survey weights. This approach produces Social Security beneficiary and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient counts in line with administrative records for noninstitutionalized populations. Unlike the weights in previous versions of this note, ours are not adjusted to account for Social Security beneficiaries or <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients residing in institutions.</p>
<p>We identify individuals as Social Security beneficiaries and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients if administrative records indicate that they received a payment in any month in&nbsp;2016. To identify Social Security beneficiaries, we use <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>'s Master Beneficiary Record (<abbr class="spell">MBR</abbr>) and Payment History Update System (<abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr>). For this note, if an individual has an <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> payment recorded in the <abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr> and the <abbr class="spell">MBR</abbr> indicates that the person qualifies for the benefit because of disability, we classify that individual as a disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiary. This definition includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children.<sup><a href="#mn1" id="mt1">1</a></sup> If the <abbr class="spell">MBR</abbr> indicates that an individual qualifies for an <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefit based on age rather than because of a disability, we classify that person as an aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiary. That sample includes covered workers aged&nbsp;62 or older, individuals aged&nbsp;62 or older who are eligible as the spouse or surviving parent of a covered worker, and individuals aged&nbsp;60 or older who are eligible as the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of a covered worker; it excludes individuals who receive Social Security benefits as dependents or survivors of covered workers but are not in those age groups.</p>
<p>In this note, Social Security payments for&nbsp;2016 reflect the sum of all payments recorded in the <abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr> for that year. In some cases, disabled beneficiaries receive <span class="nobr">lump-sum</span> retroactive <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> payments covering the period between the first month they were eligible for payments and the month benefit payments commenced after the disability determination process. Because these retroactive payments generally occur only once during the lifetime of a disabled beneficiary, they do not reflect the monthly Social Security income that beneficiaries typically receive. We account for these retroactive lump sums by censoring monthly <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> payments at the 99<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;percentile for that month, which averaged $7,400 in&nbsp;2016.<sup><a href="#mn2" id="mt2">2</a></sup></p>
<p>To identify <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, we use the Supplemental Security Record (<abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr>). For individuals who received any <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments in&nbsp;2016, we sum the monthly amounts to calculate the annual <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> amount received. Some disabled and aged Social Security beneficiaries&mdash;15.5&nbsp;percent and 2.6&nbsp;percent, respectively&mdash;receive concurrent <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments. Thus, our sample includes overlap between <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients and Social Security beneficiaries.</p>
<p>We measure family income and poverty for calendar year&nbsp;2016. We define &ldquo;family&rdquo; as two or more persons residing together who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption. When counting family Social Security income and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments, we use administrative data values for all family members with matching records. For family members who do not have an administrative-data match, we use the income amounts they reported in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>. Likewise, for earnings, we use administrative records from <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>'s Master Earnings File for individuals with an administrative-data match, and self-reported earnings in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> for individuals without a match. Where we find administrative-data matches for respondents' family members, we recalculate family income by subtracting self-reported <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefit amounts, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payment amounts, and earnings, then substituting the respective values from their administrative records.<sup><a href="#mn3" id="mt3">3</a></sup> We base all other demographic characteristics on self-reported <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> data for March&nbsp;2017, the month the survey was conducted.</p>
<p>Although most of the variables in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> mirror those from the <abbr>SIPP</abbr>, there are some differences relating to public assistance. For instance, 44&nbsp;states and the District of Columbia supplement the federal payments for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients. <abbr>SIPP</abbr> respondents report federal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments and state <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation payments separately, while the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> questionnaire does not differentiate between the two payment types. Previous versions of this note define <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> as federal payments only and classify state <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation payments as a separate form of public assistance. This update instead includes both federal and state supplementation payments in the computation of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> amounts received.</p>
<p>Of the states that provide <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation, some administer those payments themselves and others agree to have <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> administer them.<sup><a href="#mn4" id="mt4">4</a></sup> For the latter, we use the state supplementation amounts recorded in the <abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr>. However, the <abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr> does not record the supplementation amounts for the states that administer their own payments. Where possible, we impute those state supplementation payments based on <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient characteristics such as living arrangement and dependent status. Using the most recent documentation of state supplementation rules and payment amounts available at <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> and state agency websites, we approximate a recipient's eligibility for state <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation and the monthly amount that would be received. <a href="#appA">Appendix&nbsp;A</a> describes our imputation process.</p>
<p>Other forms of public assistance measured in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> include Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (<abbr title="TAN F">TANF</abbr>); Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (<abbr>WIC</abbr>) benefits; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (<abbr>SNAP</abbr>) benefits (formerly known as food stamps); state and local general assistance; financial assistance from individuals; energy assistance; public housing; rental subsidies; and other welfare.<sup><a href="#mn5" id="mt5">5</a></sup> Consistent with the approach used in previous versions of this note, we recode the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> Medicaid variable to reflect the automatic Medicaid coverage of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients in certain states under Section&nbsp;1634 of the Social Security Act.<sup><a href="#mn6" id="mt6">6</a></sup> In this version of the note, we also recode the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> Medicare variable to include both self-reported Medicare coverage (of any kind) and Medicare Part&nbsp;B coverage reflected in the <abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr>. Recoding these variables using administrative records may reduce the effects of underreported insurance coverage (or misreported coverage type) in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.<sup><a href="#mn7" id="mt7">7</a></sup></p>
<p>Our samples comprise 4,670 disabled Social Security beneficiaries, 3,931&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, and 20,952 aged Social Security beneficiaries. The disabled Social Security beneficiary and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> samples are nearly twice the size of those covered in previous notes because the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> sample is larger than the <abbr>SIPP</abbr>'s. As noted earlier, we use survey weights adjusted for the likelihood that a respondent has a matching record in the administrative data. All household surveys, including the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>, are subject to some degree of measurement error; however, the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> is a source of valuable data. It provides richly detailed information on population characteristics and, despite deficiencies in measuring some income sources, it captures most sources, including earnings and Social Security benefits, with reasonable accuracy. Readers should nevertheless be aware of the limitations of <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> data and consider them when interpreting results.</p>
<h2>Discussion of the Estimates</h2>
<p>Tables&nbsp;<span class="nobr">1&ndash;5</span> present estimates for disabled Social Security beneficiaries, Tables&nbsp;<span class="nobr">6&ndash;10</span> present estimates for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, and Tables&nbsp;<span class="nobr">11&ndash;12</span> present estimates for aged Social Security beneficiaries. Each table presents estimates for the full noninstitutionalized population of disabled Social Security beneficiaries, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, or aged Social Security beneficiaries, as applicable.</p>
<p>Although the tables in this update resemble the tables in previous editions of this note in structure, they differ in six significant ways. First, as noted above, this update introduces new tables on aged Social Security beneficiaries (Tables&nbsp;11 and 12). However, because of concerns about the accuracy of survey-reported income for aged respondents, the new tables omit estimates of income by source and income relative to the poverty threshold. Bee and Mitchell (2017) and Dushi and Trenkamp (2021) show that the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> consistently understates the retirement income (comprising pension benefits and retirement account distributions) of aged respondents. In both studies, the authors link the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> data with administrative records from <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> and the <abbr class="spell">IRS</abbr>, with which they validate data for income sources including earnings, Social Security benefits, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments, interest and dividend income, and retirement income. Both studies find significant underreporting of retirement income among individuals aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older across a wide range of demographic characteristics. Retirement income is an important component of overall income for aged Social Security beneficiaries, and because it is underreported in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>, we omit statistics on income amounts and poverty for this population.</p>
<p>Second, estimates of the shares of income by category now include detail for retirement income and veterans' benefits for disabled <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> beneficiaries (Table&nbsp;4) and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (Table&nbsp;9). In previous editions of this note, those sources were included in the &ldquo;other&rdquo; income category. Because retirement income is not a primary component of the family income of disabled beneficiaries and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, its inclusion does not subject the estimates to the same kind of uncertainty that leads us to omit estimates by income category for aged <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> beneficiaries.</p>
<p>Third, this update omits tables addressing the poverty-reduction effects of Social Security benefits and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments (Tables&nbsp;6A, 6B,&nbsp;and&nbsp;7 in Bailey and Hemmeter&nbsp;2015).</p>
<p>Fourth, this update expands the number of race categories from three (White, Black, other) to five: White, Black, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Because <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> respondents can select multiple racial identities, each of these categories may be reported either singly or in combination with one or more others; as such, the sum of the racial-category values exceeds the number of respondents in the sample. A sixth category, &ldquo;two or more races,&rdquo; accounts for individuals who reported multiple racial identities.</p>
<p>Fifth, this update presents estimates for family income but not for personal or household income. We focus on family income because it serves as the official basis of poverty statistics in the United States. It also accounts more fully than individual income for the resources on which Social Security program populations may draw.<sup><a href="#mn8" id="mt8">8</a></sup></p>
<p>Finally, this update reports educational attainment only for individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to reduce the likelihood that our measures include those who have not yet completed their education.</p>
<h3>Disabled Social Security Beneficiaries</h3>
<p>The <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> program provides monthly benefits to individuals with a severe <span class="nobr">long-term</span> disability that prevents them from engaging in &ldquo;substantial&rdquo; work (defined as earnings of $13,560 or more for nonblind individuals in 2016). To qualify for <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits, an individual must have worked in a job with Social Security&ndash;covered earnings for a specified length of time or be the spouse or dependent of an individual with qualifying earnings. Our sample of disabled Social Security beneficiaries comprises disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children.<sup><a href="#mn9" id="mt9">9</a></sup> Because 91&nbsp;percent of the beneficiaries in this sample are disabled workers, Tables&nbsp;<span class="nobr">1&ndash;5</span> present information separately for that subgroup, although we do not discuss those results in the text below.</p>
<p>Table&nbsp;1 shows that more than one in five disabled Social Security beneficiaries (21.2&nbsp;percent) identify as Black, 3.4&nbsp;percent identify as American Indian or Alaska Native, 2.1&nbsp;percent identify as Asian, 0.5&nbsp;percent identify as Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and 2.5&nbsp;percent identify as multiracial. The <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> measures ethnicity separately from race, and 11.7&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries identify as Hispanic. Nearly <span class="nobr">two-fifths</span> of beneficiaries (38.7&nbsp;percent) are married, 28.7&nbsp;percent have never been married, 26.0&nbsp;percent are divorced or separated, and 6.6&nbsp;percent are widowed. Fewer than <span class="nobr">one-fifth</span> of beneficiaries (18.1&nbsp;percent) aged&nbsp;25 or older have not acquired a high school diploma or equivalent, while 11.1&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries have a bachelor's or higher degree. Nearly one in ten beneficiaries (9.2&nbsp;percent) are&nbsp;veterans.</p>
<div class="table" id="table1">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;1. </span>Number and percentage distribution of disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="4" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c2">Number</th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c2">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c2">Disabled workers</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c3">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
<th id="c7" headers="c3">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r1 c2 c4">9,669,012</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c5">8,766,859</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c6">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c7">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c4">4,882,967</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c5">4,369,165</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c6">50.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c7">49.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c4">4,786,045</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c5">4,397,694</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c6">49.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c7">50.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r7" headers="r5 r6 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c4">7,313,906</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c5">6,671,128</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c6">75.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c7">76.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r8" headers="r5 r6 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c4">2,046,097</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c5">1,809,034</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c6">21.2</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c7">20.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r9" headers="r5 r6 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c4">325,622</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c5">301,062</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c6">3.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c7">3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r10" headers="r5 r6 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c4">201,768</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c5">172,373</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c6">2.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c7">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r5 r6 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c4">45,530</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c5">44,812</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c6">0.5</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c7">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r5 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c4">244,102</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c5">211,918</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c6">2.5</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c7">2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c4">1,136,036</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c5">989,627</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c6">11.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c7">11.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c4">8,532,977</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c5">7,777,232</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c6">88.3</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c7">88.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r16" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r17" headers="r16 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c4">3,737,787</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c5">3,720,738</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c6">38.7</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c7">42.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r16 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c4">639,583</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c5">567,347</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c6">6.6</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c7">6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r16 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c4">2,512,668</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c5">2,480,653</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c6">26.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c7">28.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r16 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c4">2,778,975</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c5">1,998,121</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c6">28.7</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c7">22.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r21" headers="c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r21 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c4">1,713,884</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c5">1,431,450</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c6">18.1</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c7">16.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r21 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c4">4,018,086</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c5">3,663,476</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c6">42.5</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c7">41.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r21 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c4">2,681,275</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c5">2,614,149</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c6">28.3</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c7">29.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r21 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c4">1,051,707</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c5">1,024,189</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c6">11.1</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c7">11.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r26" headers="c1">Veteran status</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r26 c1">Veteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c4">886,838</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c5">882,890</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c6">9.2</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c7">10.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r26 c1">Nonveteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c4">8,782,175</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c5">7,883,969</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c6">90.8</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c7">89.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r29" headers="c1">Health insurance</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid only</th>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c4">1,179,311</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c5">946,865</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c6">12.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c7">10.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r29 c1">Medicare only</th>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c4">2,777,318</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c5">2,628,901</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c6">28.7</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c7">30.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r29 c1">Private only</th>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c4">595,859</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c5">558,910</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c6">6.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c7">6.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid and Medicare</th>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c4">2,400,633</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c5">2,092,033</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c6">24.8</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c7">23.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r34 c2 c4">299,224</td>
<td headers="r29 r34 c2 c5">237,474</td>
<td headers="r29 r34 c3 c6">3.1</td>
<td headers="r29 r34 c3 c7">2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r29 c1">Medicare and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r35 c2 c4">1,747,344</td>
<td headers="r29 r35 c2 c5">1,688,175</td>
<td headers="r29 r35 c3 c6">18.1</td>
<td headers="r29 r35 c3 c7">19.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r36" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid, Medicare, and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r36 c2 c4">395,107</td>
<td headers="r29 r36 c2 c5">364,231</td>
<td headers="r29 r36 c3 c6">4.1</td>
<td headers="r29 r36 c3 c7">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r37" headers="r29 c1">Military servicemember coverage</th>
<td headers="r29 r37 c2 c4">91,644</td>
<td headers="r29 r37 c2 c5">88,445</td>
<td headers="r29 r37 c3 c6">0.9</td>
<td headers="r29 r37 c3 c7">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r29 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r29 r38 c2 c4">182,573</td>
<td headers="r29 r38 c2 c5">161,825</td>
<td headers="r29 r38 c3 c6">1.9</td>
<td headers="r29 r38 c3 c7">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r39" headers="c1">Source of family income&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r39 c1">Public assistance</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r41" headers="r39 r40 c1"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c2 c4">1,921,158</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c2 c5">1,468,738</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c3 c6">19.9</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c3 c7">16.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r42" headers="r39 r40 c1">Other public assistance&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c2 c4">635,602</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c2 c5">555,317</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c3 c6">6.6</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c3 c7">6.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r39 c1">Earnings</th>
<td headers="r39 r43 c2 c4">4,891,683</td>
<td headers="r39 r43 c2 c5">4,456,238</td>
<td headers="r39 r43 c3 c6">50.6</td>
<td headers="r39 r43 c3 c7">50.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r39 c1">Property income</th>
<td headers="r39 r44 c2 c4">4,086,007</td>
<td headers="r39 r44 c2 c5">3,744,116</td>
<td headers="r39 r44 c3 c6">42.3</td>
<td headers="r39 r44 c3 c7">42.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r45" headers="r39 c1">Retirement income</th>
<td headers="r39 r45 c2 c4">1,546,874</td>
<td headers="r39 r45 c2 c5">1,414,662</td>
<td headers="r39 r45 c3 c6">16.0</td>
<td headers="r39 r45 c3 c7">16.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r46" headers="r39 c1">Veterans' benefits</th>
<td headers="r39 r46 c2 c4">429,639</td>
<td headers="r39 r46 c2 c5">399,764</td>
<td headers="r39 r46 c3 c6">4.4</td>
<td headers="r39 r46 c3 c7">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r47" headers="r39 c1">Other income&nbsp;<sup>d</sup></th>
<td headers="r39 r47 c2 c4">2,615,478</td>
<td headers="r39 r47 c2 c5">2,376,476</td>
<td headers="r39 r47 c3 c6">27.1</td>
<td headers="r39 r47 c3 c7">27.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="5">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">NOTES: &quot;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">c. Includes <abbr title="TAN F">TANF</abbr>, <abbr>WIC</abbr> benefits, <abbr>SNAP</abbr> food assistance, public housing, rent subsidies, energy assistance, state and local general financial assistance, and other welfare.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="5">d. Includes unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; disability benefits other than <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or veterans' benefits; child support; alimony; and business or farm income.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Although disabled Social Security beneficiaries are eligible for Medicare, coverage generally does not begin until 24&nbsp;months after the first month that an individual is eligible to receive <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits. Roughly <span class="nobr">three-quarters</span> (75.7&nbsp;percent) of beneficiaries report Medicare coverage (alone or in combination with other coverage), 44.2&nbsp;percent report Medicaid coverage, 31.4&nbsp;percent report private health insurance, and 1.9&nbsp;percent report having no health insurance (Chart&nbsp;1). About 29&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries report joint Medicare and Medicaid coverage and 12.2&nbsp;percent have only Medicaid coverage (Table&nbsp;1).</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700" id="chart1"> <img src="rsn2022-01-chart01.svg" role="img" alt="Bar chart with tabular version below.">
<div class="table altTable"> <a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for Chart&nbsp;1. </span>Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;type of health insurance coverage,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:14em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Type of insurance</th>
<th scope="col">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Medicaid</th>
<td>44.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Medicare</th>
<td>75.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Private</th>
<td>31.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">None</th>
<td>1.9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="2">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="2">NOTES: &ldquo;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&rdquo; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="2">Individuals may have more than one type of coverage.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p>Family income includes <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments for about one in five disabled Social Security beneficiaries. Other common sources of family income include earnings (50.6&nbsp;percent) and property income (42.3&nbsp;percent).<sup><a href="#mn10" id="mt10">10</a></sup> Less common sources are retirement income (16.0&nbsp;percent) and veterans' benefits (4.4&nbsp;percent).</p>
<p><abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits constitute at least 75&nbsp;percent of family income for almost <span class="nobr">two-fifths</span> (37.9&nbsp;percent) of disabled beneficiaries (Table&nbsp;2). Social Security tends to account for larger proportions of family income among older beneficiaries. For instance, roughly <span class="nobr">one-third</span> of beneficiaries aged&nbsp;60 or older rely on Social Security benefits for at least 90&nbsp;percent of family income, while 16.2&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries younger than 40&nbsp;do. Social Security benefits also tend to account for larger proportions of family income among beneficiaries who did not complete high school, are not married, or do not live with relatives.</p>
<div class="table" id="table2">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;2. </span>Percentage distribution of disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;share of family income derived from <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="6" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Number</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c3">Percent</th>
<th colspan="5" class="spanner" id="c4">Share of family income derived from <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c5" headers="c4">Total</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c4">Less than 50%</th>
<th id="c7" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;74%</span></th>
<th id="c8" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">75&ndash;89%</span></th>
<th id="c9" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">90&ndash;100%</span></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="7" class="panel" id="r1">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r2" headers="r1 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r1 r2 c2">9,669,012</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c6">43.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c7">18.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c8">9.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c9">28.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r3" headers="r1 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r1 r3 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c2">4,882,967</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3">50.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c6">42.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c7">18.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c8">8.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c9">31.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r5" headers="r1 r3 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c2">4,786,045</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3">49.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c6">45.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c7">18.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c8">9.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c9">26.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r6" headers="r1 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r1 r6 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c2">1,182,232</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3">12.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c6">59.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c7">17.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c8">7.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c9">16.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r8" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c2">1,393,135</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3">14.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c6">46.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c7">21.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c8">10.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c9">21.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c2">3,531,306</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3">36.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c6">42.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c7">17.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c8">8.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c9">31.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r1 r6 c1">60 or older</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c2">3,562,339</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3">36.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c6">38.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c7">18.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c8">9.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c9">33.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r11" headers="r1 c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r1 r11 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c2">7,313,906</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3">75.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c6">43.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c7">18.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c8">9.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c9">28.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c2">2,046,097</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3">21.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c6">44.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c7">17.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c8">8.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c9">30.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r15" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c2">325,622</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3">3.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c6">45.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c7">18.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c8">9.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c9">26.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r16" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c2">201,768</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3">2.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c6">52.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c9">22.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r17" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c2">45,530</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3">0.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c6">33.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r1 r11 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c2">244,102</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3">2.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c6">54.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c7">13.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c8">7.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c9">24.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r19" headers="r1 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r1 r19 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c2">1,136,036</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3">11.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c6">50.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c7">20.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c8">7.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c9">22.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r1 r19 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c2">8,532,977</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3">88.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c6">42.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c7">18.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c8">9.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c9">29.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="r1 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r1 r22 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c2">3,737,787</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3">38.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c6">62.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c7">15.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c8">6.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c9">15.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r1 r22 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c2">639,583</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3">6.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c6">33.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c7">20.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c8">11.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c9">35.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r1 r22 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c2">2,512,668</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3">26.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c6">26.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c7">21.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c8">8.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c9">44.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r1 r22 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c2">2,778,975</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3">28.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c6">36.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c7">19.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c8">11.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c9">32.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="r1 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r1 r27 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c2">1,713,884</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3">18.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c6">37.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c7">19.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c8">8.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c9">34.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r1 r27 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c2">4,018,086</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3">42.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c6">40.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c7">18.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c8">10.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c9">31.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r1 r27 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c2">2,681,275</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3">28.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c6">46.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c7">19.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c8">7.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c9">26.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r1 r27 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c2">1,051,707</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3">11.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c6">54.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c7">17.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c8">7.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c9">20.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r32" headers="r1 c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c2">2,408,904</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c3">24.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c6">19.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c7">18.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c8">10.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c9">52.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c2">6,437,139</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c3">66.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c6">56.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c7">18.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c8">8.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c9">17.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c2">822,969</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c3">8.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c6">19.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c7">17.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c8">11.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c9">52.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="7" class="panel" id="r36">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r37" headers="r36 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2">8,766,859</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c6">43.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c7">18.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c8">8.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c9">29.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r38" headers="r36 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r36 r38 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c2">4,369,165</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c3">49.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c6">41.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c7">18.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c8">7.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c9">32.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r36 r38 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c2">4,397,694</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c3">50.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c6">45.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c7">18.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c8">9.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c9">26.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r41" headers="r36 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r42" headers="r36 r41 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c2">732,809</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c3">8.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c6">62.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c7">16.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c8">5.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c9">16.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r36 r41 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c2">1,231,801</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c3">14.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c6">46.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c7">21.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c8">10.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c9">21.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r36 r41 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c2">3,335,810</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c3">38.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c6">43.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c7">18.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c8">7.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c9">31.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r45" headers="r36 r41 c1">60 or older</th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c2">3,466,439</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c3">39.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c6">38.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c7">18.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c8">9.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c9">33.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r46" headers="r36 c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r47" headers="r36 r46 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r48" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c2">6,671,128</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c3">76.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c6">43.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c7">18.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c8">9.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c9">29.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r49" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c2">1,809,034</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c3">20.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c6">43.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c7">17.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c8">7.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c9">30.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r50" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c2">301,062</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c3">3.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c6">44.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c7">17.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c8">9.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c9">29.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r51" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c2">172,373</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c3">2.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c6">54.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c9">25.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r52" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c2">44,812</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c3">0.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c6">32.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r53" headers="r36 r46 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c2">211,918</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c3">2.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c6">51.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c7">13.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c8">8.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c9">27.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r54" headers="r36 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r55" headers="r36 r54 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c2">989,627</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c3">11.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c6">49.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c7">20.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c8">6.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c9">23.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r56" headers="r36 r54 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c2">7,777,232</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c3">88.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c6">42.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c7">18.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c8">9.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c9">30.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r57" headers="r36 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r58" headers="r36 r57 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c2">3,720,738</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c3">42.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c6">62.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c7">15.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c8">6.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c9">15.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r59" headers="r36 r57 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c2">567,347</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c3">6.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c6">31.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c7">21.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c8">12.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c9">35.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r60" headers="r36 r57 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c2">2,480,653</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c3">28.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c6">26.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c7">20.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c8">8.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c9">44.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r61" headers="r36 r57 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c2">1,998,121</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c3">22.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c6">32.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c7">19.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c8">11.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c9">36.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r62" headers="r36 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r63" headers="r36 r62 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c2">1,431,450</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c3">16.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c6">36.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c7">20.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c8">8.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c9">35.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r64" headers="r36 r62 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c2">3,663,476</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c3">41.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c6">40.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c7">18.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c8">9.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c9">31.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r65" headers="r36 r62 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c2">2,614,149</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c3">29.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c6">46.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c7">18.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c8">8.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c9">26.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r66" headers="r36 r62 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c2">1,024,189</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c3">11.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c6">54.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c7">17.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c8">7.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c9">20.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r67" headers="r36 c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r68" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c2">2,251,090</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c3">25.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c6">18.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c7">17.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c8">10.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c9">53.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r69" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c2">5,761,741</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c3">65.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c6">56.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c7">18.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c8">8.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c9">17.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r70" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c2">754,027</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c3">8.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c6">19.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c7">18.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c8">10.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c9">52.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="8">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">NOTES: &quot;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="8">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Almost half (47.8&nbsp;percent) of Social Security disability beneficiaries have annual family income of less than $30,000, while 60.4&nbsp;percent are in homeowning families (Table&nbsp;3). About 28&nbsp;percent of beneficiary households receive food assistance through <abbr>SNAP</abbr> benefits. More than one in ten receive housing or energy assistance&mdash;10.8&nbsp;percent and 10.6&nbsp;percent, respectively. About <span class="nobr">two-thirds</span> of disabled Social Security beneficiaries live with other family members, although only 17.2&nbsp;percent live with a family member younger than&nbsp;18. Two in five <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> beneficiaries live with another Social Security beneficiary in the household.</p>
<div class="table" id="table3">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;3. </span>Number and percentage distribution of disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;household and family characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="4" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c2">Number</th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c2">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c2">Disabled workers</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c3">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
<th id="c7" headers="c3">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r1 c2 c4">9,669,012</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c5">8,766,859</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c6">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c7">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Household type</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Family</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r4" headers="r2 r3 c1">Married couple</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c4">4,153,144</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c5">3,936,707</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c6">43.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c7">44.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r5" headers="r2 r3 c1">Male householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c4">618,601</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c5">515,734</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c6">6.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c7">5.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r6" headers="r2 r3 c1">Female householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c4">1,665,394</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c5">1,309,300</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c6">17.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c7">14.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r2 c1">Nonfamily or group quarters</th>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c4">3,231,873</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c5">3,005,118</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c6">33.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c7">34.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r8" headers="c1">Homeownership status&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r8 c1">Owned</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c4">5,839,565</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c5">5,331,195</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c6">60.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c7">60.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r8 c1">Not owned</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r8 r10 c1">Public housing</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c4">714,276</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c5">606,457</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c6">7.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c7">6.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r8 r10 c1">Other</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c4">3,115,172</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c5">2,829,207</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c6">32.2</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c7">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Household receipt of assistance&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Energy</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c4">1,022,054</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c5">898,627</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c6">10.6</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c7">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Housing</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c4">1,045,484</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c5">901,296</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c6">10.8</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c7">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r16" headers="r13 c1">Food (<abbr>SNAP</abbr>)</th>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c4">2,739,798</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c5">2,441,585</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c6">28.3</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c7">27.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r17" headers="c1">Household size</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r17 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c4">2,408,904</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c5">2,251,090</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c6">24.9</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c7">25.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r17 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c4">3,702,247</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c5">3,448,195</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c6">38.3</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c7">39.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r17 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c4">2,754,161</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c5">2,348,807</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c6">28.5</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c7">26.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r17 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c4">803,699</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c5">718,766</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c6">8.3</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c7">8.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="c1">Family size</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r22 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c4">3,231,873</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c5">3,005,118</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c6">33.4</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c7">34.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r22 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c4">3,471,473</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c5">3,223,145</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c6">35.9</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c7">36.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r22 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c4">2,369,939</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c5">2,003,443</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c6">24.5</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c7">22.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r22 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c4">595,727</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c5">535,153</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c6">6.2</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c7">6.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="c1">Children under age&nbsp;18 in family</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r27 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c4">8,005,712</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c5">7,245,837</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c6">82.8</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c7">82.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r27 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c4">931,903</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c5">829,353</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c6">9.6</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c7">9.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r27 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c4">487,915</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c5">465,701</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c6">5.1</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c7">5.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r27 c1">3</th>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c4">137,083</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c5">127,980</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c6">1.4</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c7">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r27 c1">4&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c4">106,399</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c5">97,989</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c6">1.1</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c7">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r33" headers="c1">Social Security&nbsp;<sup>c</sup> beneficiaries in household</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r33 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c4">5,872,215</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c5">5,471,218</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c6">60.7</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c7">62.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r33 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c4">2,875,326</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c5">2,568,485</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c6">29.7</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c7">29.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r36" headers="r33 c1">3&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r33 r36 c2 c4">921,471</td>
<td headers="r33 r36 c2 c5">727,156</td>
<td headers="r33 r36 c3 c6">9.5</td>
<td headers="r33 r36 c3 c7">8.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r37" headers="c1">Total annual family income&nbsp;($)</th>
<td colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r37 c1">Less than 7,500</th>
<td headers="r37 r38 c2 c4">94,577</td>
<td headers="r37 r38 c2 c5">87,475</td>
<td headers="r37 r38 c3 c6">1.0</td>
<td headers="r37 r38 c3 c7">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r37 c1"><span class="nobr">7,500&ndash;14,999</span></th>
<td headers="r37 r39 c2 c4">2,036,987</td>
<td headers="r37 r39 c2 c5">1,805,926</td>
<td headers="r37 r39 c3 c6">21.1</td>
<td headers="r37 r39 c3 c7">20.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r37 c1"><span class="nobr">15,000&ndash;22,499</span></th>
<td headers="r37 r40 c2 c4">1,438,208</td>
<td headers="r37 r40 c2 c5">1,304,917</td>
<td headers="r37 r40 c3 c6">14.9</td>
<td headers="r37 r40 c3 c7">14.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r41" headers="r37 c1"><span class="nobr">22,500&ndash;29,999</span></th>
<td headers="r37 r41 c2 c4">1,047,135</td>
<td headers="r37 r41 c2 c5">988,745</td>
<td headers="r37 r41 c3 c6">10.8</td>
<td headers="r37 r41 c3 c7">11.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r42" headers="r37 c1"><span class="nobr">30,000&ndash;44,999</span></th>
<td headers="r37 r42 c2 c4">1,623,444</td>
<td headers="r37 r42 c2 c5">1,426,674</td>
<td headers="r37 r42 c3 c6">16.8</td>
<td headers="r37 r42 c3 c7">16.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r37 c1"><span class="nobr">45,000&ndash;59,999</span></th>
<td headers="r37 r43 c2 c4">1,055,025</td>
<td headers="r37 r43 c2 c5">977,526</td>
<td headers="r37 r43 c3 c6">10.9</td>
<td headers="r37 r43 c3 c7">11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r37 c1">60,000&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r37 r44 c2 c4">2,373,637</td>
<td headers="r37 r44 c2 c5">2,175,595</td>
<td headers="r37 r44 c3 c6">24.5</td>
<td headers="r37 r44 c3 c7">24.8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="5">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">NOTES: &quot;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">a. Refers to ownership by any member of the household, not necessarily the beneficiary.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="5">b. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="5">c. Includes disability, <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> and survivors benefits.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Table&nbsp;4 shows the distribution of family income by source for disabled beneficiaries. The two primary income sources are Social Security benefits (59.1&nbsp;percent) and earnings (23.7&nbsp;percent). Social Security benefits constitute a particularly large share of family income for disabled beneficiaries aged&nbsp;60 or older (63.1&nbsp;percent), beneficiaries who are not married (63.5&nbsp;percent if never married, 65.9&nbsp;percent if widowed, and 72.1&nbsp;percent if divorced or separated), beneficiaries without a high school diploma (63.8&nbsp;percent), and those who do not live with relatives (78.4&nbsp;percent if living with nonrelatives only and 78.5&nbsp;percent if living alone).</p>
<div class="table" id="table4">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;4. </span>Percentage distribution of family income of disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;income source and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="9" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Total</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c3">Social Security&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c4">Public assistance</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c5">Earnings</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c6">Retirement income</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c7">Property income</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c8">Veterans' benefits</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c9">Other income&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c10" headers="c4"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<th id="c11" headers="c4">Other&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="9" class="panel" id="r1">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r2" headers="r1 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r1 r2 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3">59.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c10">4.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c4 c11">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c5">23.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c6">4.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c7">1.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c9">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r3" headers="r1 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r1 r3 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3">61.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c10">3.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c4 c11">0.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c5">22.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c6">4.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c7">2.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c8">1.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c9">4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r5" headers="r1 r3 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3">57.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c10">5.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c4 c11">1.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c5">25.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c6">4.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c7">1.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c8">0.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c9">4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r6" headers="r1 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r1 r6 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3">47.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c10">10.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c4 c11">2.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c5">31.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c6">3.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c7">2.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c8">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c9">3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r8" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3">55.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c10">5.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c4 c11">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c5">27.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c6">2.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c7">1.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c8">0.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c9">4.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3">60.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c10">3.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c4 c11">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c5">23.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c6">3.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c7">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c9">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r1 r6 c1">60&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3">63.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c10">2.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c4 c11">0.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c5">19.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c6">6.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c7">2.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c8">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c9">4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r11" headers="r1 c1">Race</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r1 r11 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3">59.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c10">3.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c4 c11">1.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c5">23.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c8">1.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c9">4.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3">59.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c10">6.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c4 c11">1.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c5">24.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c6">3.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c7">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c8">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c9">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r15" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3">59.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c10">7.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c4 c11">2.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c5">22.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c6">3.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c7">1.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c9">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r16" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3">48.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c10">4.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c4 c11">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c5">35.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c6">5.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c7">2.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c8">0.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c9">2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r17" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3">58.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c10">5.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c4 c11">0.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c5">24.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c6">8.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c8">0.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c9">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r1 r11 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3">53.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c10">6.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c4 c11">2.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c5">29.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c6">3.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c7">0.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c9">3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r19" headers="r1 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r1 r19 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3">59.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c10">4.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c4 c11">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c5">22.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c7">2.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c9">4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r1 r19 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3">53.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c10">7.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c5">29.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c6">2.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c7">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c9">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="r1 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r1 r22 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3">46.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c10">2.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c4 c11">0.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c5">38.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c6">5.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c8">1.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c9">3.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r1 r22 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3">65.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c10">5.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c5">14.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c6">4.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c7">1.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c8">1.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c9">5.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r1 r22 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3">72.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c10">4.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c5">11.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c6">3.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c7">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c8">1.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c9">5.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r1 r22 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3">63.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c10">8.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c5">17.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c6">4.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c7">2.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c9">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="r1 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>d</sup></th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r1 r27 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3">63.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c10">7.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c5">19.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c6">2.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c9">3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r1 r27 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3">61.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c10">4.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c4 c11">0.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c5">22.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c6">3.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c7">1.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c8">1.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c9">4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r1 r27 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3">56.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c10">2.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c4 c11">1.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c5">25.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c6">5.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c7">2.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c8">1.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c9">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r1 r27 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3">50.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c10">1.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c5">26.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c6">8.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c7">4.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c8">1.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c9">4.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r32" headers="r1 c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c3">78.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c10">5.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c4 c11">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c5">4.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c6">3.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c7">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c8">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r33 c9">4.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c3">49.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c10">4.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c5">33.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c6">5.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c8">1.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r34 c9">4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r1 r32 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c3">78.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c10">7.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c4 c11">0.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c5">4.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c6">2.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c7">1.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c8">1.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r32 r35 c9">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="9" class="panel" id="r36">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r37" headers="r36 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3">59.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c10">3.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c4 c11">1.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c5">24.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c6">4.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c7">1.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c9">4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r38" headers="r36 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r36 r38 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c3">61.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c10">2.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c4 c11">0.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c5">22.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c8">2.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r39 c9">4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r36 r38 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c3">57.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c10">4.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c5">25.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c6">4.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c7">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c8">0.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 r40 c9">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r41" headers="r36 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r42" headers="r36 r41 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c3">46.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c10">7.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c4 c11">1.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c5">34.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c6">3.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c8">1.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r42 c9">3.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r36 r41 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c3">55.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c10">4.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c4 c11">1.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c5">29.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c6">1.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c7">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c8">0.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r43 c9">4.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r36 r41 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c3">60.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c10">3.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c4 c11">1.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c5">24.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c6">3.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c7">1.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r44 c9">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r45" headers="r36 r41 c1">60&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c3">63.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c10">2.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c4 c11">0.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c5">19.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c6">6.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c7">2.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c8">1.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r41 r45 c9">4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r46" headers="r36 c1">Race</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r47" headers="r36 r46 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r48" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c3">59.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c10">3.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c4 c11">0.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c5">23.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c6">5.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c8">1.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r48 c9">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r49" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c3">59.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c10">5.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c4 c11">1.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c5">24.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c6">3.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c7">1.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c8">1.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r49 c9">3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r50" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c3">61.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c10">6.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c4 c11">2.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c5">22.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c6">3.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c7">1.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r50 c9">4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r51" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c3">49.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c10">3.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c5">36.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c6">4.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c7">2.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c8">0.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r51 c9">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r52" headers="r36 r46 r47 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c3">59.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c10">5.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c4 c11">0.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c5">24.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c6">9.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c8">0.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r47 r52 c9">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r53" headers="r36 r46 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c3">56.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c10">6.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c4 c11">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c5">27.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c6">3.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c7">0.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r46 r53 c9">3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r54" headers="r36 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r55" headers="r36 r54 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c3">60.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c10">3.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c4 c11">1.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c5">23.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c7">2.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c8">1.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r55 c9">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r56" headers="r36 r54 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c3">53.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c10">5.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c5">31.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c6">2.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c7">1.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c8">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r54 r56 c9">3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r57" headers="r36 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r58" headers="r36 r57 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c3">45.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c10">1.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c4 c11">0.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c5">38.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c6">5.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c8">1.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r58 c9">3.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r59" headers="r36 r57 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c3">66.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c10">4.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c4 c11">0.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c5">14.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c7">1.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c8">1.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r59 c9">5.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r60" headers="r36 r57 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c3">72.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c10">3.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c5">11.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c6">3.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c7">1.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c8">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r60 c9">5.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r61" headers="r36 r57 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c3">66.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c10">6.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c4 c11">1.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c5">16.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c6">4.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c7">2.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r57 r61 c9">3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r62" headers="r36 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>d</sup></th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r63" headers="r36 r62 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c3">64.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c10">6.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c5">20.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c6">2.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c8">0.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r63 c9">3.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r64" headers="r36 r62 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c3">62.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c10">3.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c4 c11">0.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c5">23.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c6">3.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c7">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c8">1.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r64 c9">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r65" headers="r36 r62 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c3">56.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c10">2.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c5">26.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c6">5.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c7">2.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c8">1.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r65 c9">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r66" headers="r36 r62 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c3">51.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c10">1.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c5">26.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c6">8.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c7">4.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c8">1.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r62 r66 c9">4.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r67" headers="r36 c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r68" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c3">79.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c10">4.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c4 c11">0.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c5">4.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c6">3.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c7">1.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c8">1.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r68 c9">4.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r69" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c3">49.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c10">2.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c5">34.2</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c6">5.3</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c7">2.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c8">1.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r69 c9">4.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r70" headers="r36 r67 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c3">78.1</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c10">6.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c4 c11">0.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c5">4.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c6">2.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c7">1.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c8">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r67 r70 c9">4.3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="10">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">NOTES: &quot;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">a. Includes disability, <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> and survivor benefits.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">b. Excludes amounts received in the form of noncash benefits or assistance.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">c. Includes unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; disability benefits other than <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or veterans' benefits; child support; alimony; and business or farm income.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="10">d. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Although 27.8&nbsp;percent of disabled Social Security beneficiaries have family income at or above 300&nbsp;percent of the poverty threshold, 20.1&nbsp;percent are in poverty (Table&nbsp;5). Beneficiaries are more likely to have family income below the poverty threshold if they are women (23.7&nbsp;percent), younger than 40 (28.6&nbsp;percent), Black (27.3&nbsp;percent), divorced or separated (27.8&nbsp;percent), or never married (28.5&nbsp;percent); or if they do not have a high school diploma (31.7&nbsp;percent).<sup><a href="#mn11" id="mt11">11</a></sup> In&nbsp;2016, the federal poverty threshold was $12,486 for a single adult aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> and $11,511 for one aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older (Census Bureau&nbsp;2022). The proportions of beneficiaries with family income above 300&nbsp;percent of the poverty threshold differ widely by educational attainment. Only 14.9&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries without a high school diploma have family income exceeding that threshold, compared with 50.1&nbsp;percent of beneficiaries with a bachelor's or higher degree (Chart&nbsp;2).</p>
<div class="table" id="table5">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;5. </span>Percentage distribution of disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;poverty status and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="7" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Total</th>
<th colspan="6" class="spanner" id="c3">Family income relative to poverty threshold</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c3">Less than 100%</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">100&ndash;124%</span></th>
<th id="c6" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">125&ndash;149%</span></th>
<th id="c7" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">150&ndash;199%</span></th>
<th id="c8" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">200&ndash;299%</span></th>
<th id="c9" headers="c3">300% or&nbsp;more</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="7" class="panel" id="r1">All disabled beneficiaries</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r2" headers="r1 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r1 r2 c2">9,669,012</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c4">20.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c5">9.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c6">8.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c7">14.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c8">20.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r2 c3 c9">27.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r3" headers="r1 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r1 r3 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c2">4,882,967</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c4">16.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c5">9.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c6">8.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c7">16.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c8">21.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r4 c3 c9">27.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r5" headers="r1 r3 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c2">4,786,045</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c4">23.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c6">8.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c7">12.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c8">18.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r3 r5 c3 c9">27.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r6" headers="r1 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r1 r6 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c2">1,182,232</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c4">28.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c5">8.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c6">9.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c7">14.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c8">17.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r7 c3 c9">22.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r8" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c2">1,393,135</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c4">19.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c5">9.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c6">10.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c7">15.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c8">21.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r8 c3 c9">23.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r1 r6 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c2">3,531,306</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c4">21.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c6">7.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c7">13.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c8">19.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r9 c3 c9">27.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r1 r6 c1">60&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c2">3,562,339</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c4">16.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c5">9.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c6">7.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c7">14.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c8">21.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r6 r10 c3 c9">31.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r11" headers="r1 c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r1 r11 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c2">7,313,906</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c4">17.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c5">8.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c6">8.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c7">14.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c8">21.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r13 c3 c9">29.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c2">2,046,097</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c4">27.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c5">10.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c6">7.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c7">14.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c8">18.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r14 c3 c9">21.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r15" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c2">325,622</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c4">22.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c5">12.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c6">10.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c7">16.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c8">17.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r15 c3 c9">20.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r16" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c2">201,768</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c4">18.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c5">13.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c8">10.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r16 c3 c9">42.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r17" headers="r1 r11 r12 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c2">45,530</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c4">38.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r12 r17 c3 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r1 r11 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c2">244,102</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c4">19.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c5">6.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c6">10.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c7">14.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c8">16.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r11 r18 c3 c9">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r19" headers="r1 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r1 r19 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c2">1,136,036</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c4">23.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c5">8.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c6">10.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c7">15.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c8">17.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r20 c3 c9">24.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r1 r19 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c2">8,532,977</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c4">19.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c5">9.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c6">7.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c7">14.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c8">20.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r19 r21 c3 c9">28.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="r1 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r1 r22 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c2">3,737,787</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c4">8.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c5">4.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c6">4.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c7">12.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c8">25.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r23 c3 c9">44.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r1 r22 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c2">639,583</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c4">24.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c5">8.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c6">10.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c7">20.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c8">17.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r24 c3 c9">18.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r1 r22 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c2">2,512,668</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c4">27.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c5">14.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c6">10.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c7">15.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c8">16.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r25 c3 c9">15.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r1 r22 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c2">2,778,975</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c4">28.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c5">11.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c6">9.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c7">14.1</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c8">17.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r22 r26 c3 c9">18.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="r1 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r1 r27 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c2">1,713,884</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c4">31.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c5">11.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c6">10.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c7">15.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c8">16.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r28 c3 c9">14.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r1 r27 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c2">4,018,086</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c4">20.6</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c5">10.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c6">8.4</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c7">14.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c8">21.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r29 c3 c9">24.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r1 r27 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c2">2,681,275</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c4">16.2</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c5">8.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c6">7.8</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c7">14.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c8">21.3</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r30 c3 c9">31.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r1 r27 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c2">1,051,707</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c4">10.0</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c5">6.5</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c6">4.7</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c7">9.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c8">18.9</td>
<td headers="r1 r27 r31 c3 c9">50.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<th colspan="7" class="panel" id="r32">Disabled workers</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r33" headers="r32 c1">Total</th>
<td headers="r32 r33 c2">8,766,859</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c4">19.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c6">7.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c7">14.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c8">20.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r33 c3 c9">28.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r34" headers="r32 c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r32 r34 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c2">4,369,165</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c4">16.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c5">9.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c6">7.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c7">16.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c8">21.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r35 c3 c9">28.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r36" headers="r32 r34 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c2">4,397,694</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c4">22.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c6">7.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c7">12.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c8">18.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r34 r36 c3 c9">28.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r37" headers="r32 c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r32 r37 c1">Under 40</th>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c2">732,809</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c4">29.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c5">8.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c6">7.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c7">15.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c8">17.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r38 c3 c9">22.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r32 r37 c1"><span class="nobr">40&ndash;49</span></th>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c2">1,231,801</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c4">20.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c5">10.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c6">9.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c7">16.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c8">19.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r39 c3 c9">24.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r32 r37 c1"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;59</span></th>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c2">3,335,810</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c4">21.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c6">6.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c7">13.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c8">20.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r40 c3 c9">28.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r41" headers="r32 r37 c1">60&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c2">3,466,439</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c4">15.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c5">9.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c6">7.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c7">14.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c8">21.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r37 r41 c3 c9">31.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r42" headers="r32 c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r32 r42 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r44" headers="r32 r42 r43 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c2">6,671,128</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c4">17.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c5">9.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c6">7.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c7">14.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c8">20.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r44 c3 c9">30.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r45" headers="r32 r42 r43 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c2">1,809,034</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c4">26.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c5">10.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c6">7.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c7">15.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c8">19.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r45 c3 c9">21.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r46" headers="r32 r42 r43 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c2">301,062</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c4">23.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c5">13.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c6">10.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c7">16.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c8">16.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r46 c3 c9">19.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r47" headers="r32 r42 r43 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c2">172,373</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c4">20.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c5">13.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c8">12.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r47 c3 c9">37.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r48" headers="r32 r42 r43 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c2">44,812</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c4">39.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r43 r48 c3 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r49" headers="r32 r42 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c2">211,918</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c4">21.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c5">7.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c6">11.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c7">15.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c8">17.4</td>
<td headers="r32 r42 r49 c3 c9">26.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r50" headers="r32 c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r51" headers="r32 r50 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c2">989,627</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c4">24.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c5">8.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c6">8.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c7">16.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c8">18.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r51 c3 c9">24.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r52" headers="r32 r50 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c2">7,777,232</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c4">19.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c5">9.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c6">7.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c7">14.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c8">20.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r50 r52 c3 c9">29.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r53" headers="r32 c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r54" headers="r32 r53 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c2">3,720,738</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c4">7.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c5">4.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c7">12.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c8">25.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r54 c3 c9">44.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r55" headers="r32 r53 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c2">567,347</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c4">23.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c5">9.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c6">9.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c7">21.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c8">16.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r55 c3 c9">19.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r56" headers="r32 r53 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c2">2,480,653</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c4">27.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c5">14.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c6">10.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c7">15.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c8">17.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r56 c3 c9">15.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r57" headers="r32 r53 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c2">1,998,121</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c4">30.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c5">11.6</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c6">8.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c7">15.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c8">16.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r53 r57 c3 c9">17.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r58" headers="r32 c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r59" headers="r32 r58 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c2">1,431,450</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c4">32.8</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c5">12.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c6">9.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c7">16.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c8">15.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r59 c3 c9">14.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r60" headers="r32 r58 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c2">3,663,476</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c4">19.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c5">10.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c6">7.7</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c7">14.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c8">21.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r60 c3 c9">25.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r61" headers="r32 r58 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c2">2,614,149</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c4">16.0</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c5">8.3</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c6">7.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c7">14.5</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c8">21.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r61 c3 c9">32.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r62" headers="r32 r58 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c2">1,024,189</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c4">10.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c5">6.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c6">4.9</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c7">10.1</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c8">19.2</td>
<td headers="r32 r58 r62 c3 c9">49.7</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="8">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">NOTES: &quot;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="8">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div class="svgChart chart700" id="chart2"> <img src="rsn2022-01-chart02.svg" role="img" alt="Bar chart with tabular version below.">
<div class="table altTable"> <a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for Chart&nbsp;2. </span>Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries with family incomes at selected percentages of the poverty threshold, by&nbsp;educational attainment,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:16em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:13em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Educational attainment</th>
<th scope="col">Percent with family income less than 100% of the poverty threshold</th>
<th scope="col">Percent with family income 300% or more of the poverty threshold</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td>31.7</td>
<td>14.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td>20.6</td>
<td>24.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Some college</th>
<td>16.2</td>
<td>31.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td>10.0</td>
<td>50.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">NOTES: &ldquo;Disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries&rdquo; includes disabled workers, disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> and disabled adult children but excludes nondisabled individuals receiving <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits as dependents of disabled workers.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="3">Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<h2><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Recipients</h2>
<p><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> provides monthly payments to individuals with low income and few assets who have a disability or are aged.<sup><a href="#mn12" id="mt12">12</a></sup> To qualify for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments, an individual cannot have assets exceeding $2,000, and a couple cannot have assets exceeding $3,000 (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>&nbsp;2021c). Unlike <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, the <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> program does not require recipients to have past work to qualify for payments.</p>
<p>In this note, the tables show results for three age groups: children (younger than&nbsp;18), working-age adults <span class="nobr">(18&ndash;64),</span> and the aged (65&nbsp;or older). The maximum monthly <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> federal payment amount, called the federal benefit rate, can be reduced for individuals with countable earnings and unearned income. In&nbsp;2016, the federal benefit rate was $733 per month for an individual and $1,100 per month for a couple if both qualified for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments. Some states provide supplementation payments to <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients in addition to federal payments.</p>
<p>Table&nbsp;6 shows that 30.7&nbsp;percent of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients identify as Black, 6.4&nbsp;percent identify as Asian, 3.8&nbsp;percent identify as American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.3&nbsp;percent identify as Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and 2.9&nbsp;percent identify as multiracial. More than one in five (21.3&nbsp;percent) <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients identify as Hispanic. Recipients aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older are disproportionately more likely to identify as Asian or Hispanic. The majority of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> have never married (55.6&nbsp;percent), while 25.1&nbsp;percent are divorced or separated, 14.6&nbsp;percent are married, and 4.8&nbsp;percent are widowed. Slightly more than 2&nbsp;percent of adult <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients are veterans.</p>
<div class="table" id="table6">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;6. </span>Number and percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by&nbsp;age group and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="8" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th colspan="4" class="spanner" id="c2">Number</th>
<th colspan="4" class="spanner" id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c2">Total</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c2">Under 18</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c2"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th id="c7" headers="c2">65 or older</th>
<th id="c8" headers="c3">Total</th>
<th id="c9" headers="c3">Under 18</th>
<th id="c10" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th id="c11" headers="c3">65 or older</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All recipients</th>
<td headers="r1 c2 c4">8,198,768</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c5">1,290,428</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c6">4,879,897</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c7">2,028,443</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c8">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c9">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c10">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c11">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Male</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c4">3,836,575</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c5">854,689</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c6">2,283,409</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2 c7">698,477</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c8">46.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c9">66.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c10">46.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c11">34.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Female</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c4">4,362,193</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c5">435,740</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c6">2,596,488</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2 c7">1,329,966</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c8">53.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c9">33.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c10">53.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c11">65.6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r7" headers="r5 r6 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c4">5,071,342</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c5">785,480</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c6">3,098,655</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2 c7">1,187,207</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c8">61.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c9">60.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c10">63.5</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3 c11">58.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r8" headers="r5 r6 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c4">2,518,172</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c5">475,032</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c6">1,600,845</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2 c7">442,296</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c8">30.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c9">36.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c10">32.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3 c11">21.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r9" headers="r5 r6 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c4">310,103</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c5">68,648</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c6">195,009</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2 c7">46,446</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c8">3.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c9">5.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c10">4.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3 c11">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r10" headers="r5 r6 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c4">527,169</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c5">36,763</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c6">109,069</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2 c7">381,337</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c8">6.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c9">2.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c10">2.2</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3 c11">18.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r5 r6 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c4">30,398</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c9">(X)</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c10">(X)</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r5 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c4">241,381</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c5">69,429</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c6">137,255</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2 c7">34,697</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c8">2.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c9">5.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c10">2.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3 c11">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c4">1,741,955</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c5">337,453</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c6">797,623</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c7">606,878</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c8">21.3</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c9">26.2</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c10">16.4</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c11">29.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c4">6,456,813</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c5">952,975</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c6">4,082,273</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c7">1,421,564</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c8">78.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c9">73.8</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c10">83.6</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c11">70.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r16" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r17" headers="r16 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c4">1,229,025</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c6">710,950</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c8">15.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c9">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c10">14.6</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r16 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c4">971,269</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c6">232,291</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c8">11.8</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c9">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c10">4.8</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r16 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c4">1,681,392</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c6">1,224,503</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c8">20.5</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c9">(X)</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c10">25.1</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r16 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c4">4,317,082</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c5">1,286,091</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c6">2,712,152</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2 c7">318,839</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c8">52.7</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c9">99.7</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c10">55.6</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3 c11">15.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r21" headers="c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r21 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c4">2,388,932</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c6">1,349,660</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2 c7">1,039,272</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c8">38.4</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c10">32.2</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3 c11">51.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r21 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c4">2,374,225</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c6">1,858,230</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2 c7">515,995</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c8">38.1</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c10">44.3</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3 c11">25.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r21 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c4">977,226</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c6">767,623</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2 c7">209,603</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c8">15.7</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c10">18.3</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3 c11">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r21 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c4">485,908</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c6">222,336</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2 c7">263,573</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c8">7.8</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c10">5.3</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3 c11">13.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r26" headers="c1">Veteran status</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r26 c1">Veteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c4">158,805</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c6">115,259</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2 c7">43,545</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c8">2.3</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c10">2.4</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3 c11">2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r26 c1">Nonveteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c4">6,749,535</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c6">4,764,637</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2 c7">1,984,898</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c8">97.7</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c10">97.6</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3 c11">97.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r29" headers="c1">Health insurance&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid</th>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c4">7,668,262</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c5">1,241,556</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c6">4,569,458</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2 c7">1,857,248</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c8">93.5</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c9">96.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c10">93.6</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3 c11">91.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r29 c1">Medicare</th>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c4">3,322,902</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c5">20,576</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c6">1,308,806</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2 c7">1,993,521</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c8">40.5</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c9">1.6</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c10">26.8</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3 c11">98.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid and Medicare only</th>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c4">6,581,025</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c5">938,208</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c6">3,849,774</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2 c7">1,793,044</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c8">80.3</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c9">72.7</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c10">78.9</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3 c11">88.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r29 c1">Private</th>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c4">1,478,317</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c5">327,047</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c6">937,776</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2 c7">213,493</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c8">18.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c9">25.3</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c10">19.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3 c11">10.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r34" headers="c1">Source of family income&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r34 c1">Social Security&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
<td headers="r34 r35 c2 c4">3,636,333</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c2 c5">234,735</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c2 c6">2,150,251</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c2 c7">1,251,348</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c3 c8">44.4</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c3 c9">18.2</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c3 c10">44.1</td>
<td headers="r34 r35 c3 c11">61.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r36" headers="r34 c1">Public assistance other than <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>&nbsp;<sup>d</sup></th>
<td headers="r34 r36 c2 c4">1,059,480</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c2 c5">248,313</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c2 c6">646,248</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c2 c7">164,919</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c3 c8">12.9</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c3 c9">19.2</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c3 c10">13.2</td>
<td headers="r34 r36 c3 c11">8.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r37" headers="r34 c1">Earnings</th>
<td headers="r34 r37 c2 c4">3,738,438</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c2 c5">978,545</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c2 c6">2,192,374</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c2 c7">567,519</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c3 c8">45.6</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c3 c9">75.8</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c3 c10">44.9</td>
<td headers="r34 r37 c3 c11">28.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r34 c1">Property income</th>
<td headers="r34 r38 c2 c4">2,102,436</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c2 c5">336,016</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c2 c6">1,192,855</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c2 c7">573,566</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c3 c8">25.6</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c3 c9">26.0</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c3 c10">24.4</td>
<td headers="r34 r38 c3 c11">28.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r34 c1">Retirement income</th>
<td headers="r34 r39 c2 c4">387,734</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c2 c5">17,842</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c2 c6">241,091</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c2 c7">128,801</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c3 c8">4.7</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c3 c9">1.4</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c3 c10">4.9</td>
<td headers="r34 r39 c3 c11">6.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r34 c1">Veterans' benefits</th>
<td headers="r34 r40 c2 c4">99,272</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c2 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c2 c6">63,103</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c3 c8">1.2</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c3 c9">(X)</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c3 c10">1.3</td>
<td headers="r34 r40 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r41" headers="r34 c1">Other income&nbsp;<sup>e</sup></th>
<td headers="r34 r41 c2 c4">1,434,916</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c2 c5">315,586</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c2 c6">972,968</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c2 c7">146,362</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c3 c8">17.5</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c3 c9">24.5</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c3 c10">19.9</td>
<td headers="r34 r41 c3 c11">7.2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="9">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">NOTES: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals; .&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;= not applicable.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress. The &quot;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span>&quot; age group therefore reflects ages&nbsp;25 to&nbsp;64 for the educational attainment categories.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">c. Includes disability, <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> and survivor benefits.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">d. Includes <abbr title="TAN F">TANF</abbr>, <abbr>WIC</abbr> benefits, <abbr>SNAP</abbr> food assistance, public housing, rent subsidies, energy assistance, state and local general financial assistance, and other welfare.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="9">e. Includes unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; disability benefits other than <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or veterans' benefits; child support; alimony; and business or farm income.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Most <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (93.5&nbsp;percent) report having Medicaid insurance, while 40.5&nbsp;percent report having Medicare and 18.0&nbsp;percent report having private insurance. The most common sources of family income are earnings (45.6&nbsp;percent of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients have some family earnings income), Social Security (44.4&nbsp;percent), and property income (25.6&nbsp;percent). Retirement income (4.7&nbsp;percent) and veterans' benefits (1.2&nbsp;percent) are less common.</p>
<p>Chart&nbsp;3 summarizes educational attainment patterns. In&nbsp;2016, 51.2&nbsp;percent of aged <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients did not have a high school diploma, compared with 32.2&nbsp;percent of recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">25&ndash;64.</span></p>
<div class="svgChart chart700" id="chart3"> <img src="rsn2022-01-chart03.svg" role="img" alt="Bar chart with tabular version below.">
<div class="table altTable"> <a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for Chart&nbsp;3. </span><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by&nbsp;educational attainment and age group,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:13em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Age group</th>
<th scope="col">Percent with less than high&nbsp;school diploma</th>
<th scope="col">Percent with high school diploma/equivalent or more</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row"><span class="nobr">25&ndash;64</span></th>
<td>32.2</td>
<td>67.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">65&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td>51.2</td>
<td>48.8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="onlyNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p>Table&nbsp;7 shows that seven in ten <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients have family income below $30,000. <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older are more likely to have family income below this level (79.9&nbsp;percent) than are recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> (69.2&nbsp;percent) or recipients younger than&nbsp;18 (53.8&nbsp;percent).<sup><a href="#mn13" id="mt13">13</a></sup> About one-sixth of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients live in public housing (16.1&nbsp;percent). More than half of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (51.7&nbsp;percent) live in households receiving food assistance through <abbr>SNAP</abbr>, 16.8&nbsp;percent live in households receiving energy assistance, and 23.3&nbsp;percent receive housing assistance. Nearly <span class="nobr">two-thirds</span> of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (65.8&nbsp;percent) live with another family member, although most adult <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (75.8&nbsp;percent of those aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> and 88.6&nbsp;percent of those aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older) do not live with a family member younger than&nbsp;18, and very few (3.4&nbsp;percent and 0.8&nbsp;percent, respectively) live with a child who also receives <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>.</p>
<div class="table" id="table7">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;7. </span>Number and percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by&nbsp;age group and household and family characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:20em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="8" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th colspan="4" class="spanner" id="c2">Number</th>
<th colspan="4" class="spanner" id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c2">Total</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c2">Under 18</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c2"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th id="c7" headers="c2">65 or older</th>
<th id="c8" headers="c3">Total</th>
<th id="c9" headers="c3">Under 18</th>
<th id="c10" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<th id="c11" headers="c3">65 or older</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All recipients</th>
<td headers="r1 c2 c4">8,198,768</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c5">1,290,428</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c6">4,879,897</td>
<td headers="r1 c2 c7">2,028,443</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c8">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c9">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c10">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c11">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Household type&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Family</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r4" headers="r2 r3 c1">Married couple</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c4">1,962,512</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c6">1,331,992</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2 c7">630,520</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c8">28.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c10">27.3</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3 c11">31.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r5" headers="r2 r3 c1">Male householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c4">536,844</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c6">431,570</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2 c7">105,273</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c8">7.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c10">8.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3 c11">5.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r6" headers="r2 r3 c1">Female householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c4">1,643,889</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c6">1,329,389</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2 c7">314,500</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c8">23.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c10">27.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3 c11">15.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r2 c1">Nonfamily or group quarters</th>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c4">2,765,094</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c6">1,786,945</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2 c7">978,150</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c8">40.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c10">36.6</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3 c11">48.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r8" headers="c1">Homeownership status&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r8 c1">Owned</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c4">3,120,128</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c5">407,577</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c6">1,907,230</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2 c7">805,322</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c8">38.1</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c9">31.6</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c10">39.1</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3 c11">39.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r8 c1">Not owned</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r8 r10 c1">Public housing</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c4">1,316,118</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c5">126,046</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c6">752,691</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2 c7">437,380</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c8">16.1</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c9">9.8</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c10">15.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3 c11">21.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r8 r10 c1">Other</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c4">3,762,522</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c5">756,805</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c6">2,219,976</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2 c7">785,741</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c8">45.9</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c9">58.7</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c10">45.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3 c11">38.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Household receipt of assistance&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Energy</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c4">1,377,846</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c5">198,964</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c6">813,153</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2 c7">365,730</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c8">16.8</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c9">15.4</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c10">16.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3 c11">18.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Housing</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c4">1,905,939</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c5">176,447</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c6">1,096,432</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2 c7">633,060</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c8">23.3</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c9">13.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c10">22.5</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3 c11">31.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r16" headers="r13 c1">Food (<abbr>SNAP</abbr>)</th>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c4">4,236,692</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c5">657,849</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c6">2,570,866</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2 c7">1,007,977</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c8">51.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c9">51.0</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c10">52.7</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3 c11">49.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r17" headers="c1">Household size</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r17 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c4">2,061,547</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c6">1,206,852</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2 c7">854,695</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c8">25.1</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c10">24.7</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c11">42.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r17 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c4">1,922,316</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c5">103,435</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c6">1,231,310</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2 c7">587,571</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c8">23.5</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c9">8.0</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c10">25.2</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c11">29.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r17 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c4">2,718,486</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c5">676,165</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c6">1,712,435</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2 c7">329,887</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c8">33.2</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c9">52.4</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c10">35.1</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3 c11">16.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r17 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c4">1,496,419</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c5">510,829</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c6">729,300</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2 c7">256,290</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c8">18.3</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c9">39.6</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c10">14.9</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3 c11">12.6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="c1">Family size</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r22 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c4">2,801,485</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c5">36,390</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c6">1,786,945</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2 c7">978,150</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c8">34.2</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c9">2.8</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c10">36.6</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3 c11">48.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r22 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c4">1,921,717</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c5">210,634</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c6">1,083,358</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2 c7">627,725</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c8">23.4</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c9">16.3</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c10">22.2</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3 c11">31.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r22 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c4">2,368,600</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c5">643,901</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c6">1,481,997</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2 c7">242,703</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c8">28.9</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c9">49.9</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c10">30.4</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3 c11">12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r22 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c4">1,106,966</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c5">399,503</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c6">527,597</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2 c7">179,865</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c8">13.5</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c9">31.0</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c10">10.8</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3 c11">8.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="c1">Children in family</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r27 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c4">5,497,873</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c6">3,700,757</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2 c7">1,797,116</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c8">67.1</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c10">75.8</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3 c11">88.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r27 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c4">1,107,972</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c5">376,513</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c6">625,841</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2 c7">105,618</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c8">13.5</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c9">29.2</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c10">12.8</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3 c11">5.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r27 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c4">824,331</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c5">422,043</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c6">309,179</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2 c7">93,109</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c8">10.1</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c9">32.7</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c10">6.3</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3 c11">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r27 c1">3</th>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c4">448,259</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c5">277,874</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c8">5.5</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c9">21.5</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c10">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r31 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r27 c1">4&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c4">320,332</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c5">213,998</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c2 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c8">3.9</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c9">16.7</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c10">(X)</td>
<td headers="r27 r32 c3 c11">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r33" headers="c1">Child <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients in household</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r33 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c4">6,726,132</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c5">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c6">4,713,902</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c2 c7">2,012,229</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c8">82.0</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c9">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c10">96.6</td>
<td headers="r33 r34 c3 c11">99.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r33 c1">1&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c4">1,472,636</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c5">1,290,428</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c6">165,994</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c2 c7">16,214</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c8">18.0</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c9">100.0</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c10">3.4</td>
<td headers="r33 r35 c3 c11">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r36" headers="c1">Adult <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients in household</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r37" headers="r36 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2 c4">1,067,152</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2 c5">1,067,152</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2 c6">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c2 c7">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3 c8">13.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3 c9">82.7</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3 c10">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td headers="r36 r37 c3 c11">.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r36 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r36 r38 c2 c4">5,898,459</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c2 c5">199,900</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c2 c6">4,069,453</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c2 c7">1,629,106</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c3 c8">71.9</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c3 c9">15.5</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c3 c10">83.4</td>
<td headers="r36 r38 c3 c11">80.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r39" headers="r36 c1">2&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r36 r39 c2 c4">1,233,157</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c2 c5">23,376</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c2 c6">810,444</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c2 c7">399,337</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c3 c8">15.0</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c3 c9">1.8</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c3 c10">16.6</td>
<td headers="r36 r39 c3 c11">19.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r40" headers="c1">Total annual family income&nbsp;($)</th>
<td colspan="8"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r41" headers="r40 c1">Less than 7,500</th>
<td headers="r40 r41 c2 c4">392,804</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c2 c5">83,443</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c2 c6">235,836</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c2 c7">73,525</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c3 c8">4.8</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c3 c9">6.5</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c3 c10">4.8</td>
<td headers="r40 r41 c3 c11">3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r42" headers="r40 c1"><span class="nobr">7,500&ndash;14,999</span></th>
<td headers="r40 r42 c2 c4">3,290,311</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c2 c5">156,227</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c2 c6">2,030,668</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c2 c7">1,103,416</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c3 c8">40.1</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c3 c9">12.1</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c3 c10">41.6</td>
<td headers="r40 r42 c3 c11">54.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r40 c1"><span class="nobr">15,000&ndash;22,499</span></th>
<td headers="r40 r43 c2 c4">1,252,907</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c2 c5">209,368</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c2 c6">738,569</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c2 c7">304,970</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c3 c8">15.3</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c3 c9">16.2</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c3 c10">15.1</td>
<td headers="r40 r43 c3 c11">15.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r40 c1"><span class="nobr">22,500&ndash;29,999</span></th>
<td headers="r40 r44 c2 c4">759,863</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c2 c5">245,402</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c2 c6">374,112</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c2 c7">140,349</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c3 c8">9.3</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c3 c9">19.0</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c3 c10">7.7</td>
<td headers="r40 r44 c3 c11">6.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r45" headers="r40 c1"><span class="nobr">30,000&ndash;44,999</span></th>
<td headers="r40 r45 c2 c4">954,820</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c2 c5">324,454</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c2 c6">516,864</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c2 c7">113,502</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c3 c8">11.7</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c3 c9">25.1</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c3 c10">10.6</td>
<td headers="r40 r45 c3 c11">5.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r46" headers="r40 c1"><span class="nobr">45,000&ndash;59,999</span></th>
<td headers="r40 r46 c2 c4">586,899</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c2 c5">129,604</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c2 c6">375,963</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c2 c7">81,332</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c3 c8">7.2</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c3 c9">10.0</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c3 c10">7.7</td>
<td headers="r40 r46 c3 c11">4.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r47" headers="r40 c1">60,000&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r40 r47 c2 c4">961,163</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c2 c5">141,929</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c2 c6">607,885</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c2 c7">211,349</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c3 c8">11.7</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c3 c9">11.0</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c3 c10">12.5</td>
<td headers="r40 r47 c3 c11">10.4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="9">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">NOTES: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals; .&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;= not applicable.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">a. Adult recipients only.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="9">b. Refers to ownership by any member of the household, not necessarily the recipient.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="9">c. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Table&nbsp;8 shows that 29.3&nbsp;percent of adult <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients receive 75&nbsp;percent or more of their family income from <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments. Recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> are slightly more likely to receive <span class="nobr">three-quarters</span> or more of their family income from <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> than are recipients aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older&mdash;30.5&nbsp;percent and 26.4&nbsp;percent, respectively. Recipients who are divorced or separated, and those who live alone or with nonrelatives only, are more likely than recipients with another marital status or living arrangement to rely on <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> for at least half of their family income.</p>
<div class="table" id="table8">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;8. </span>Percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> adult recipients, by&nbsp;share of family income derived from <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="7" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Number</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c3">Percent</th>
<th colspan="5" class="spanner" id="c4">Share of family income derived from <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c5" headers="c4">Total</th>
<th id="c6" headers="c4">Less than 50%</th>
<th id="c7" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">50&ndash;74%</span></th>
<th id="c8" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">75&ndash;89%</span></th>
<th id="c9" headers="c4"><span class="nobr">90&ndash;100%</span></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All recipients</th>
<td headers="r1 c2">6,908,340</td>
<td headers="r1 c3">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c6">59.9</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c7">10.9</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c8">3.6</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c9">25.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2">2,981,886</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3">43.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c6">62.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c7">9.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c8">2.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c9">25.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2">3,926,454</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3">56.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c6">57.9</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c7">11.9</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c8">4.1</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c9">26.1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<td headers="r5 r6 c2">4,879,897</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3">70.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c6">58.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c7">10.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c8">4.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c9">26.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r5 c1">65&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r5 r7 c2">2,028,443</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3">29.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c6">62.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c7">11.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c8">2.5</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c9">23.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r8" headers="c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r8 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r10" headers="r8 r9 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c2">4,285,862</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c3">62.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c4 c6">59.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c4 c7">10.8</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c4 c8">3.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r10 c4 c9">26.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r8 r9 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c2">2,043,141</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c3">29.6</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c4 c6">60.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c4 c7">12.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c4 c8">3.3</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r11 c4 c9">24.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r8 r9 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c2">241,455</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c3">3.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c4 c6">56.3</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c4 c7">9.2</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c4 c8">6.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r12 c4 c9">28.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r8 r9 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c2">490,406</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c3">7.1</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c4 c6">61.9</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c4 c7">9.4</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c4 c8">3.9</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r13 c4 c9">24.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r8 r9 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c2">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c3">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c4 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 r14 c4 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r8 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r8 r15 c2">171,952</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c3">2.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c4 c6">59.5</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c4 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c4 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r8 r15 c4 c9">20.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r16" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r17" headers="r16 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2">1,404,502</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3">20.3</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c4 c6">63.2</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c4 c7">10.4</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c4 c8">4.9</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c4 c9">21.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r16 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2">5,503,838</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3">79.7</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c4 c6">59.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c4 c7">11.0</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c4 c8">3.2</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c4 c9">26.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r19" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r19 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r19 r20 c2">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c3">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c4 c6">64.5</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c4 c7">9.1</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c4 c8">2.9</td>
<td headers="r19 r20 c4 c9">23.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r19 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r19 r21 c2">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c3">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c4 c6">61.1</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c4 c7">11.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c4 c8">2.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r21 c4 c9">24.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r19 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r19 r22 c2">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c3">(X)</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c4 c6">49.1</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c4 c7">13.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c4 c8">4.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r22 c4 c9">32.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r19 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r19 r23 c2">3,030,991</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c3">43.9</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c4 c6">63.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c4 c7">9.8</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c4 c8">3.6</td>
<td headers="r19 r23 c4 c9">23.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r24" headers="c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r24 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r24 r25 c2">2,388,932</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c3">38.4</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c4 c6">56.6</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c4 c7">11.6</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c4 c8">4.4</td>
<td headers="r24 r25 c4 c9">27.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r24 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r24 r26 c2">2,374,225</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c3">38.1</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c4 c6">59.1</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c4 c7">10.8</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c4 c8">3.3</td>
<td headers="r24 r26 c4 c9">26.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r24 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r24 r27 c2">977,226</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c3">15.7</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c4 c6">60.8</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c4 c7">9.6</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c4 c8">3.1</td>
<td headers="r24 r27 c4 c9">26.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r24 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r24 r28 c2">485,908</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c3">7.8</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c4 c6">55.4</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c4 c7">8.0</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c4 c8">4.2</td>
<td headers="r24 r28 c4 c9">32.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r29" headers="c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r29 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2">2,061,547</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3">29.8</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c4 c6">39.8</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c4 c7">11.5</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c4 c8">4.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c4 c9">44.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r29 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2">4,143,245</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3">60.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c4 c6">73.5</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c4 c7">10.5</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c4 c8">3.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c4 c9">12.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r29 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2">703,547</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3">10.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c4 c5">100.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c4 c6">38.4</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c4 c7">11.2</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c4 c8">4.0</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c4 c9">46.4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="8">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">NOTES: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="8">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Table&nbsp;9 shows that the family income of all recipients consists primarily of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments (44.4&nbsp;percent), earnings (26.6&nbsp;percent), and Social Security benefits (21.3&nbsp;percent). <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments constitute particularly large percentages of family income for divorced or separated recipients (54.4&nbsp;percent) and for those who live alone (63.5&nbsp;percent) or with nonrelatives only (66.0&nbsp;percent). Earnings constitute a higher share of family income for the families of child <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (46.4&nbsp;percent) than for those of recipients aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> (23.9&nbsp;percent). Most family income for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older includes a combination of Social Security benefits (32.7&nbsp;percent) and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments (44.4&nbsp;percent), although earnings account for another 16.9&nbsp;percent of income.</p>
<div class="table" id="table9">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;9. </span>Percentage distribution of family income of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by&nbsp;income source and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="9" style="width:5em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Total</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c3">Social Security&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<th colspan="2" class="spanner" id="c4">Public assistance</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c5">Earnings</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c6">Retirement income</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c7">Property income</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c8">Veterans' benefits</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c9">Other income&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c10" headers="c4"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<th id="c11" headers="c4">Other&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All recipients</th>
<td headers="r1 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3">21.3</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c10">44.4</td>
<td headers="r1 c4 c11">2.5</td>
<td headers="r1 c5">26.6</td>
<td headers="r1 c6">1.5</td>
<td headers="r1 c7">0.6</td>
<td headers="r1 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r1 c9">2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Male</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3">19.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c10">43.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c4 c11">1.9</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c5">29.7</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c6">1.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c9">2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Female</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3">22.8</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c10">47.1</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c4 c11">3.1</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c5">22.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c6">1.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c7">0.6</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c9">2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1">Under 18</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3">6.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c10">38.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c4 c11">3.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c5">46.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c6">0.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c7">0.5</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c9">3.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r5 c1"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<td headers="r5 r7 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3">20.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c10">47.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c4 c11">2.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c5">23.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c7">0.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c9">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r8" headers="r5 c1">65&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r5 r8 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3">32.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c4 c10">44.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c4 c11">1.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c5">16.9</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c6">2.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c7">1.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c9">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r9" headers="c1">Race</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r9 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r9 r10 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3">22.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c4 c10">45.4</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c4 c11">2.4</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c5">24.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c6">1.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c7">0.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c9">2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r9 r10 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3">21.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c4 c10">44.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c4 c11">2.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c5">26.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c6">0.9</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c7">0.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c8">0.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c9">3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r9 r10 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3">18.4</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c4 c10">49.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c4 c11">1.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c5">23.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c7">0.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c8">0.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c9">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r9 r10 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3">12.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c4 c10">42.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c4 c11">2.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c5">36.9</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c6">2.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c7">1.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c8">0.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c9">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r15" headers="r9 r10 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3">23.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c4 c10">39.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c4 c11">1.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c5">33.4</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c6">0.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c7">0.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c8">2.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c9">0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r16" headers="r9 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r9 r16 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3">15.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c4 c10">41.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c4 c11">2.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c5">35.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c6">1.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c7">0.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c9">3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r17" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r17 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3">21.3</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c4 c10">44.1</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c4 c11">2.6</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c5">27.9</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c6">1.1</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c7">0.7</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c9">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r17 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3">21.4</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c4 c10">45.6</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c4 c11">2.5</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c5">25.1</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c7">0.8</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c9">2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r20" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r20 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r20 r21 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3">25.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c4 c10">44.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c4 c11">2.1</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c5">24.7</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c6">1.8</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c7">0.9</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c9">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r20 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r20 r22 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3">27.1</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c4 c10">45.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c4 c11">2.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c5">21.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c6">1.1</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c7">0.5</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c8">0.7</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c9">2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r20 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r20 r23 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3">26.8</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c4 c10">54.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c4 c11">2.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c5">11.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c6">1.2</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c7">0.7</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c9">3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r20 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r20 r24 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3">16.9</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c4 c10">41.9</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c4 c11">2.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c5">32.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c7">0.9</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c9">3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r25" headers="c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>d</sup></th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r25 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r25 r26 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3">25.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c4 c10">49.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c4 c11">2.3</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c5">18.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c7">0.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c9">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r25 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r25 r27 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3">25.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c4 c10">47.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c4 c11">1.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c5">20.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c7">0.7</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c8">0.3</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c9">2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r25 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r25 r28 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3">28.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c4 c10">46.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c4 c11">4.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c5">17.8</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c6">1.2</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c7">1.4</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c9">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r25 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r25 r29 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3">21.8</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c4 c10">50.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c4 c11">1.8</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c5">17.7</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c6">4.4</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c7">1.3</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c8">0.4</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c9">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r30" headers="c1">Living arrangement</th>
<td colspan="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r30 c1">Lives alone</th>
<td headers="r30 r31 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c3">28.1</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c4 c10">63.5</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c4 c11">1.8</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c5">2.4</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c6">1.3</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c7">0.2</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c8">0.2</td>
<td headers="r30 r31 c9">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r30 c1">Lives with relatives</th>
<td headers="r30 r32 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c3">18.6</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c4 c10">35.5</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c4 c11">3.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c5">37.4</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c6">1.6</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c7">1.1</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c8">0.5</td>
<td headers="r30 r32 c9">2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r30 c1">Lives only with nonrelatives</th>
<td headers="r30 r33 c2">100.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c3">22.9</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c4 c10">66.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c4 c11">1.3</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c5">4.8</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c6">1.0</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c7">0.5</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c8">0.1</td>
<td headers="r30 r33 c9">3.3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="10">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">NOTE: Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">a. Includes disability, <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> and survivor benefits.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">b. Excludes amounts received in the form of noncash benefits or assistance.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="10">c. Includes unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; disability benefits other than <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or veterans' benefits; child support; alimony; and business or farm income.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="10">d. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Most <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older (60.1&nbsp;percent) and aged&nbsp;<span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span> (51.7&nbsp;percent) have family income below the poverty level, as do a substantial minority of recipients younger than&nbsp;18 (37.4&nbsp;percent; Table&nbsp;10). Female recipients (55.2&nbsp;percent) and recipients who are widowed (59.8&nbsp;percent) or divorced or separated (70.5&nbsp;percent) are also relatively likely to have family income below the poverty level. In a reversal of previous trends, recipients with at least some college are more likely to have family income below the poverty level than are recipients who have not attended college.</p>
<div class="table" id="table10">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;10. </span>Percentage distribution of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients, by&nbsp;poverty status and selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="7" style="width:6em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2" class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th rowspan="2" id="c2">Total</th>
<th colspan="6" class="spanner" id="c3">Family income relative to poverty threshold</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="c4" headers="c3">Less than 100%</th>
<th id="c5" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">100&ndash;124%</span></th>
<th id="c6" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">125&ndash;149%</span></th>
<th id="c7" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">150&ndash;199%</span></th>
<th id="c8" headers="c3"><span class="nobr">200&ndash;299%</span></th>
<th id="c9" headers="c3">300% or&nbsp;more</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All recipients</th>
<td headers="r1 c2">8,198,768</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c4">51.6</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c5">10.6</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c6">8.4</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c7">10.0</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c8">9.7</td>
<td headers="r1 c3 c9">9.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Male</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2">3,836,575</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c4">47.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c5">11.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c6">8.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c7">11.1</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c8">10.5</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3 c9">11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Female</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2">4,362,193</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c4">55.2</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c5">9.9</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c6">8.4</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c7">9.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c8">9.0</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3 c9">8.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Age</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1">Under 18</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 c2">1,290,428</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c4">37.4</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c5">16.2</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c6">14.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c7">17.8</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c8">10.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 c3 c9">4.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r5 c1"><span class="nobr">18&ndash;64</span></th>
<td headers="r5 r7 c2">4,879,897</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c4">51.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c5">9.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c6">7.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c7">9.7</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c8">10.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r7 c3 c9">11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r8" headers="r5 c1">65&nbsp;or&nbsp;older</th>
<td headers="r5 r8 c2">2,028,443</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c4">60.1</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c5">9.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c6">8.0</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c7">5.6</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c8">7.3</td>
<td headers="r5 r8 c3 c9">9.7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r9" headers="c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r9 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r9 r10 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c2">5,071,342</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c4">52.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c5">10.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c6">8.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c7">10.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c8">10.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r11 c3 c9">9.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r9 r10 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c2">2,518,172</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c4">51.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c5">11.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c6">9.3</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c7">10.7</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c8">8.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r12 c3 c9">8.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r13" headers="r9 r10 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c2">310,103</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c4">51.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c5">8.9</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c6">10.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c7">11.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c8">8.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r13 c3 c9">9.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r14" headers="r9 r10 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c2">527,169</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c4">43.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c5">11.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c6">6.9</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c7">7.5</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c8">10.8</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r14 c3 c9">20.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r15" headers="r9 r10 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c2">30,398</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c4">69.6</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c5">(X)</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c6">(X)</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c7">(X)</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c8">(X)</td>
<td headers="r9 r10 r15 c3 c9">(X)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r16" headers="r9 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r9 r16 c2">241,381</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c4">40.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c5">10.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c6">8.1</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c7">18.0</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c8">11.2</td>
<td headers="r9 r16 c3 c9">12.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r17" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r17 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2">1,741,955</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c4">49.3</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c5">11.2</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c6">10.2</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c7">10.6</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c8">10.8</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3 c9">7.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r17 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2">6,456,813</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c4">52.2</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c5">10.5</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c6">7.9</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c7">9.8</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c8">9.4</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3 c9">10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r20" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r20 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r20 r21 c2">1,229,025</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c4">47.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c5">16.1</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c6">10.9</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c7">9.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c8">10.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r21 c3 c9">6.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r20 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r20 r22 c2">971,269</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c4">59.8</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c5">7.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c6">7.3</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c7">5.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c8">8.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r22 c3 c9">12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r20 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r20 r23 c2">1,681,392</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c4">70.5</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c5">8.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c7">6.6</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c8">5.0</td>
<td headers="r20 r23 c3 c9">5.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r20 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r20 r24 c2">4,317,082</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c4">43.7</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c5">10.8</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c6">9.4</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c7">12.5</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c8">11.7</td>
<td headers="r20 r24 c3 c9">12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r25" headers="c1">Educational attainment&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="7"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r25 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r25 r26 c2">2,388,932</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c4">55.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c5">10.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c6">9.7</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c7">8.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c8">7.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r26 c3 c9">8.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r25 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r25 r27 c2">2,374,225</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c4">55.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c5">9.9</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c6">6.6</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c7">8.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c8">10.9</td>
<td headers="r25 r27 c3 c9">9.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r25 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r25 r28 c2">977,226</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c4">63.3</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c5">7.8</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c6">5.0</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c7">8.9</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c8">7.1</td>
<td headers="r25 r28 c3 c9">8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r25 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r25 r29 c2">485,908</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c4">61.9</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c5">6.4</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c6">4.8</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c7">5.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c8">8.5</td>
<td headers="r25 r29 c3 c9">12.9</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="8">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">NOTES: Rounded components of percentage distributions do not necessarily sum&nbsp;to&nbsp;100.0.
<div class="newNote">(X)&nbsp;= suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="8">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="8">b. Includes only individuals aged&nbsp;25 or older to capture the distribution of those most likely to have completed their educational progress.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<h3>Aged Social Security Beneficiaries</h3>
<p><abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> provides monthly benefits to individuals aged&nbsp;62 or older with a history of Social Security&ndash;covered work, as well as to dependent and surviving spouses, children, and parents of covered workers. The estimates presented here are for individuals aged&nbsp;62 or older who receive benefits either based on their own earnings record or as the parent or spouse of a covered worker; and individuals aged&nbsp;60 or older who receive benefits as the <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> of a covered worker.<sup><a href="#mn14" id="mt14">14</a></sup></p>
<p>Most aged Social Security beneficiaries (93.5&nbsp;percent) report Medicare coverage either alone or in combination with other health insurance (Chart&nbsp;4). Very few beneficiaries report being uninsured (0.8&nbsp;percent), 52.6&nbsp;percent report private coverage alone or in combination with other coverage, and 7.2&nbsp;percent report Medicaid alone or in combination with other coverage. Coverage from Medicare alone is reported by 40.2&nbsp;percent of aged Social Security beneficiaries (Table&nbsp;11). Only 1.2&nbsp;percent of respondents report both Medicaid and private health insurance coverage.</p>
<div class="svgChart chart700" id="chart4"> <img src="rsn2022-01-chart04.svg" role="img" alt="Bar chart with tabular version below.">
<div class="table altTable"> <a class="altToggle" href="">Show as table</a>
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table equivalent for Chart&nbsp;4. </span>Aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;type of health insurance coverage,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:14em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">Type of insurance</th>
<th scope="col">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Medicaid</th>
<td>7.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Medicare</th>
<td>93.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">Private</th>
<td>52.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub0" scope="row">None</th>
<td>0.8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="2">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="2">NOTES: &ldquo;Aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries&rdquo; includes workers, spouses, and parents aged&nbsp;62 or older; and <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> aged&nbsp;60 or&nbsp;older.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="2">Individuals may have more than one type of coverage.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="table" id="table11">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;11. </span>Number and percentage distribution of aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;selected demographic characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th id="c2">Number</th>
<th id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All beneficiaries</th>
<td headers="r1 c2">46,173,819</td>
<td headers="r1 c3">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Sex</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Men</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 c2">20,323,588</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 c3">44.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r4" headers="r2 c1">Women</th>
<td headers="r2 r4 c2">25,850,230</td>
<td headers="r2 r4 c3">56.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r5" headers="c1">Race&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r6" headers="r5 c1">Singly or in combination</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r7" headers="r5 r6 c1">White</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c2">39,772,941</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r7 c3">86.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r8" headers="r5 r6 c1">Black</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c2">4,404,465</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r8 c3">9.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r9" headers="r5 r6 c1">American Indian or Alaska Native</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c2">649,496</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r9 c3">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r10" headers="r5 r6 c1">Asian</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c2">1,676,470</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r10 c3">3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r5 r6 c1">Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander</th>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c2">119,310</td>
<td headers="r5 r6 r11 c3">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r12" headers="r5 c1">Two or more races</th>
<td headers="r5 r12 c2">417,050</td>
<td headers="r5 r12 c3">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Ethnicity</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2">3,704,086</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3">8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Non-Hispanic</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2">42,469,733</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3">92.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r16" headers="c1">Marital status</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r17" headers="r16 c1">Married</th>
<td headers="r16 r17 c2">26,822,433</td>
<td headers="r16 r17 c3">58.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r16 c1">Widowed</th>
<td headers="r16 r18 c2">11,007,987</td>
<td headers="r16 r18 c3">23.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r16 c1">Divorced or separated</th>
<td headers="r16 r19 c2">6,209,901</td>
<td headers="r16 r19 c3">13.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r16 c1">Never married</th>
<td headers="r16 r20 c2">2,133,498</td>
<td headers="r16 r20 c3">4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r21" headers="c1">Educational attainment</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r22" headers="r21 c1">Less than high school diploma</th>
<td headers="r21 r22 c2">6,428,838</td>
<td headers="r21 r22 c3">13.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r21 c1">High school diploma or equivalent</th>
<td headers="r21 r23 c2">15,403,446</td>
<td headers="r21 r23 c3">33.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r21 c1">Some college</th>
<td headers="r21 r24 c2">11,664,713</td>
<td headers="r21 r24 c3">25.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r21 c1">Bachelor's or higher degree</th>
<td headers="r21 r25 c2">12,676,822</td>
<td headers="r21 r25 c3">27.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r26" headers="c1">Veteran status</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r27" headers="r26 c1">Veteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r27 c2">9,151,603</td>
<td headers="r26 r27 c3">19.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r26 c1">Nonveteran</th>
<td headers="r26 r28 c2">37,022,215</td>
<td headers="r26 r28 c3">80.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r29" headers="c1">Health insurance</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid only</th>
<td headers="r29 r30 c2">330,171</td>
<td headers="r29 r30 c3">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r31" headers="r29 c1">Medicare only</th>
<td headers="r29 r31 c2">18,547,840</td>
<td headers="r29 r31 c3">40.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r32" headers="r29 c1">Private only</th>
<td headers="r29 r32 c2">2,066,355</td>
<td headers="r29 r32 c3">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r33" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid and Medicare</th>
<td headers="r29 r33 c2">2,477,758</td>
<td headers="r29 r33 c3">5.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r34" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r34 c2">86,583</td>
<td headers="r29 r34 c3">0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r35" headers="r29 c1">Medicare and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r35 c2">21,709,591</td>
<td headers="r29 r35 c3">47.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r36" headers="r29 c1">Medicaid, Medicare, and private</th>
<td headers="r29 r36 c2">443,318</td>
<td headers="r29 r36 c3">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r37" headers="r29 c1">Military servicemember coverage</th>
<td headers="r29 r37 c2">147,200</td>
<td headers="r29 r37 c3">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r38" headers="r29 c1">None</th>
<td headers="r29 r38 c2">365,002</td>
<td headers="r29 r38 c3">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r39" headers="c1">Source of family income&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r40" headers="r39 c1">Public assistance</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r41" headers="r39 r40 c1"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c2">1,990,636</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r41 c3">4.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r42" headers="r39 r40 c1">Other public assistance&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c2">965,392</td>
<td headers="r39 r40 r42 c3">2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r43" headers="r39 c1">Earnings</th>
<td headers="r39 r43 c2">18,924,089</td>
<td headers="r39 r43 c3">41.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r44" headers="r39 c1">Property income</th>
<td headers="r39 r44 c2">32,032,525</td>
<td headers="r39 r44 c3">69.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r45" headers="r39 c1">Retirement income</th>
<td headers="r39 r45 c2">21,677,001</td>
<td headers="r39 r45 c3">47.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r46" headers="r39 c1">Veterans' benefits</th>
<td headers="r39 r46 c2">2,999,485</td>
<td headers="r39 r46 c3">6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r47" headers="r39 c1">Other income&nbsp;<sup>c</sup></th>
<td headers="r39 r47 c2">15,002,685</td>
<td headers="r39 r47 c3">32.5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">NOTES: &quot;Aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes workers, spouses, and parents aged&nbsp;62 or older; and <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> aged&nbsp;60 or&nbsp;older.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">b. Includes <abbr title="TAN F">TANF</abbr>, <abbr>WIC</abbr> benefits, <abbr>SNAP</abbr> food assistance, public housing, rent subsidies, energy assistance, state and local general financial assistance, and other welfare.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="3">c. Includes unemployment benefits; worker's compensation; disability benefits other than <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, or veterans' benefits; child support; alimony; and business or farm income.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<p>Most aged Social Security beneficiaries live in a two-person household (55.4&nbsp;percent, Table&nbsp;12), followed by single-person households (29.3&nbsp;percent). Homeownership for aged beneficiaries is high, with 82.4&nbsp;percent residing in owned homes. In addition, the prevalence of household assistance is generally low, with the most common form of assistance being <abbr>SNAP</abbr> benefits, reported by 7.2&nbsp;percent of&nbsp;beneficiaries.</p>
<div class="table" id="table12">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;12. </span>Number and percentage distribution of aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries, by&nbsp;household and family characteristics,&nbsp;2016</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:23em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" id="c1">Characteristic</th>
<th id="c2">Number</th>
<th id="c3">Percent</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="stub3" id="r1" headers="c1">All beneficiaries</th>
<td headers="r1 c2">46,173,819</td>
<td headers="r1 c3">100.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r2" headers="c1">Household type</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r3" headers="r2 c1">Family</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r4" headers="r2 r3 c1">Married couple</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c2">26,998,840</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r4 c3">58.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r5" headers="r2 r3 c1">Male householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c2">1,161,985</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r5 c3">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r6" headers="r2 r3 c1">Female householder</th>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c2">3,081,597</td>
<td headers="r2 r3 r6 c3">6.7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r7" headers="r2 c1">Nonfamily or group quarters</th>
<td headers="r2 r7 c2">14,931,396</td>
<td headers="r2 r7 c3">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r8" headers="c1">Homeownership status&nbsp;<sup>a</sup></th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r9" headers="r8 c1">Owned</th>
<td headers="r8 r9 c2">38,055,970</td>
<td headers="r8 r9 c3">82.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r10" headers="r8 c1">Not owned</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r11" headers="r8 r10 c1">Public housing</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c2">1,198,942</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r11 c3">2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub2" id="r12" headers="r8 r10 c1">Other</th>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c2">6,918,906</td>
<td headers="r8 r10 r12 c3">15.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r13" headers="c1">Household receipt of assistance&nbsp;<sup>b</sup></th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r14" headers="r13 c1">Energy</th>
<td headers="r13 r14 c2">1,476,499</td>
<td headers="r13 r14 c3">3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r15" headers="r13 c1">Housing</th>
<td headers="r13 r15 c2">1,670,199</td>
<td headers="r13 r15 c3">3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r16" headers="r13 c1">Food (<abbr>SNAP</abbr>)</th>
<td headers="r13 r16 c2">3,344,119</td>
<td headers="r13 r16 c3">7.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r17" headers="c1">Household size</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r18" headers="r17 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r17 r18 c2">13,530,218</td>
<td headers="r17 r18 c3">29.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r19" headers="r17 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r17 r19 c2">25,574,572</td>
<td headers="r17 r19 c3">55.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r20" headers="r17 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r17 r20 c2">5,526,615</td>
<td headers="r17 r20 c3">12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r21" headers="r17 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r17 r21 c2">1,542,413</td>
<td headers="r17 r21 c3">3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r22" headers="c1">Family size</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r23" headers="r22 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r22 r23 c2">14,931,396</td>
<td headers="r22 r23 c3">32.3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r24" headers="r22 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r22 r24 c2">25,279,581</td>
<td headers="r22 r24 c3">54.8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r25" headers="r22 c1"><span class="nobr">3&ndash;4</span></th>
<td headers="r22 r25 c2">4,814,701</td>
<td headers="r22 r25 c3">10.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r26" headers="r22 c1">5&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r22 r26 c2">1,148,141</td>
<td headers="r22 r26 c3">2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" id="r27" headers="c1">Social Security&nbsp;<sup>c</sup> beneficiaries in household</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r28" headers="r27 c1">1</th>
<td headers="r27 r28 c2">21,512,732</td>
<td headers="r27 r28 c3">46.6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r29" headers="r27 c1">2</th>
<td headers="r27 r29 c2">23,489,675</td>
<td headers="r27 r29 c3">50.9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" id="r30" headers="r27 c1">3&nbsp;or&nbsp;more</th>
<td headers="r27 r30 c2">1,171,412</td>
<td headers="r27 r30 c3">2.5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCE: Social Security administrative records matched to 2017&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">NOTES: &quot;Aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries&quot; includes workers, spouses, and parents aged&nbsp;62 or older; and <span class="nobr">widow(er)s</span> aged&nbsp;60 or&nbsp;older.
<div class="newNote">Totals do not necessarily equal the sum of rounded components.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">a. Refers to ownership by any member of the household, not necessarily the beneficiary.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="note" colspan="3">b. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="3">c. Includes disability, <span class="nobr">old-age,</span> and survivor benefits.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>This note updates Bailey and Hemmeter (2015), Bailey and Hemmeter (2014), and DeCesaro and Hemmeter (2008). However, this update differs from earlier versions in a few critical ways. The estimates presented here are based on data from the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>, whereas prior versions used the <abbr>SIPP</abbr>. Additionally, this note uses survey weights adjusted for the likelihood that an individual survey respondent has matching administrative data in <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> records, which differ slightly from the weights used in prior versions. This note also expands the coverage of previous versions by including statistics on aged Social Security (<abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr>) beneficiaries in addition to disabled Social Security (<abbr class="spell">DI</abbr>) beneficiaries and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients. Although the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>-based statistics presented here are in some cases not directly comparable to the <abbr>SIPP</abbr>-based estimates in prior versions, they provide similar information. Moreover, this update provides a broader context for understanding beneficiary populations by including estimates for <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> beneficiaries.</p>
<h2 id="appA">Appendix&nbsp;A: Imputing State-Administered <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Supplementation Payments</h2>
<p>We use administrative data from the <abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr> to identify <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients and to determine whether a recipient's spouse was also an <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient in a given month. We then use data from the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> to identify the characteristics relevant to whether an <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient qualifies for a state-administered supplementation payment: whether the recipient has a spouse who also receives <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> in that month, and the recipient's dependent and householder statuses. Based on these variables and documentation from <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> and state agencies, we identify recipients who are likely to be eligible for a state-administered supplementation payment and impute a proxy monthly payment amount. When state supplementation applies to couples in which both spouses receive <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>, we impute half the supplementation payment amount to each spouse.</p>
<p>Table <span class="nobr">A-1</span> shows the criteria under which <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients are likely to be eligible for state-administered supplementation payments and the proxy monthly supplementation amount. In some states, <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation payments are available only to individuals residing in institutional settings. Because the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> sample does not include these populations, we omit those states from our proxy imputations.<sup><a href="#mn15" id="mt15">15</a></sup> In some other states, the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> does not include all the variables needed to determine whether an individual qualifies for a supplementation payment; we omit those states from our imputations as well.<sup><a href="#mn16" id="mt16">16</a></sup> A further limitation of this imputation approach is that although data from the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr> provide an individual's marital status and living arrangement as of March&nbsp;2017, our calculations assume that this information also applied in each month of&nbsp;2016.</p>
<div class="table" id="tableA1">
<table>
<caption><span class="tableNumber">Table&nbsp;<span class="nobr">A-1.</span> </span>Imputed monthly state-administered <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> supplementation payment amount for proxy <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient groups, by&nbsp;selected state and eligibility criterion (in&nbsp;dollars)</caption>
<colgroup span="1" style="width:35em"></colgroup>
<colgroup span="2" style="width:8em"></colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="stubHeading" scope="col">State and living arrangement</th>
<th scope="col">Spouse also receives <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr></th>
<th scope="col">No spousal <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>&nbsp;recipient</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Colorado</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient lives independently or in another person's household</th>
<td>193.50</td>
<td>25.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Connecticut</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row">No living-arrangement restrictions</th>
<td>137.00</td>
<td>168.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Idaho</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient lives independently or in another person's household</th>
<td>10.00</td>
<td>53.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Maine</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient ls householder</th>
<td>7.50</td>
<td>10.00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient lives in another person's household</th>
<td>6.00</td>
<td>8.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Nebraska</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient lives independently</th>
<td>.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.</td>
<td>5.00</td>
</tr>
<tr class="topPad1">
<th class="stub0" scope="rowgroup">Oklahoma</th>
<td colspan="2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="stub1" scope="row"><abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipient lives independently</th>
<td>21.00</td>
<td>21.00</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td class="firstNote" colspan="3">SOURCES: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>&nbsp;(2011) and Colorado Department of Human Services&nbsp;(2022).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="lastNote" colspan="3">NOTE: .&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;= not applicable.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
<div id="notes">
<h2>Notes</h2>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt1" id="mn1">1</a> <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> beneficiaries who are eligible as disabled adult children are aged&nbsp;18 or older with no upper limit. For disabled workers and disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)s,</span> <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits automatically convert to <abbr class="spell">OASI</abbr> benefits when the beneficiary reaches full retirement age (<abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr>), which varies according to the beneficiary's year of birth. To have received <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits in&nbsp;2016, a disabled worker or a disabled <span class="nobr">widow(er)</span> beneficiary would have a birth year of 1950&nbsp;or later and, therefore, an <abbr class="spell">FRA</abbr> of no younger than&nbsp;66.</p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt2" id="mn2">2</a> That figure ($7,400) represents the 99<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;percentile for all family income attributable to <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefits in a month. The maximum monthly <abbr class="spell">OASDI</abbr> benefit an individual could receive in 2016 was $3,576.10 (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>&nbsp;2021a, Table&nbsp;2.A28.2). </p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt3" id="mn3">3</a> Because survey respondents often underreport their <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> payments, the <abbr class="spell">SSR</abbr> administrative data are likely to indicate a lower percentage of <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients with family income below the poverty level than are reported in the <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr>&nbsp;<abbr class="spell">ASEC</abbr>.</p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt4" id="mn4">4</a> <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> administers the state supplementation payments for California, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Iowa, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. </p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt5" id="mn5">5</a> <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> respondents report whether they receive noncash or &ldquo;near cash&rdquo; benefits such as <abbr>SNAP</abbr> benefits and energy and housing assistance but not the amounts received.</p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt6" id="mn6">6</a> For additional information about Section&nbsp;1634 and the states to which this policy applies, see <a href="https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0501715020">https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0501715020</a>. </p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt7" id="mn7">7</a> Including both self-reported Medicare coverage and administratively recorded Medicare Part&nbsp;B coverage may overstate the true extent of Medicare coverage. However, any overestimation would be limited because the Medicare Part&nbsp;B benefits of some Social Security beneficiaries (such as Specified Low-Income Medicare Beneficiaries and Qualified Medicare Beneficiaries) are not recorded in the linked <abbr class="spell">PHUS</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">CPS</abbr> records. </p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt8" id="mn8">8</a> The levels of household and family income tend to be similar enough that we report only family income.</p>
<p>&ensp;<a href="#mt9" id="mn9">9</a> Nondisabled dependents of disabled workers may also receive auxiliary <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits, but they are excluded from this analysis. Therefore, these tables (and the accompanying discussion) cover only individuals who are entitled to <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> benefits based on their own disability. In&nbsp;2016, nondisabled dependents accounted for 14.2&nbsp;percent of <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> beneficiaries (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>&nbsp;2017, Table&nbsp;1).</p>
<p><a href="#mt10" id="mn10">10</a> Property income includes income from rents, dividends, yields, and interest.</p>
<p><a href="#mt11" id="mn11">11</a> Research has linked long-standing structural inequities such as wage disparity and discrimination in housing and employment to disproportionately higher poverty rates for Black Americans (Emmons and Ricketts&nbsp;2017). </p>
<p><a href="#mt12" id="mn12">12</a> <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients who are both disabled and aged&nbsp;65&nbsp;or older are counted in the aged category.</p>
<p><a href="#mt13" id="mn13">13</a> Some but not all parental income is counted, or &ldquo;deemed,&rdquo; toward the assets and income of child <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> recipients (<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>&nbsp;2021b). </p>
<p><a href="#mt14" id="mn14">14</a> For information on additional types of Social Security benefits, see <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> (2021a, <span class="nobr">13&ndash;15).</span></p>
<p><a href="#mt15" id="mn15">15</a> This applies to Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. </p>
<p><a href="#mt16" id="mn16">16</a> This applies to Alaska, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.</p>
</div>
<div id="references">
<h2>References</h2>
<p>Bailey, Michelle Stegman, and Jeffrey Hemmeter. 2014. &ldquo;Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Program Participants, 2010&nbsp;Update.&rdquo; Research and Statistics Note <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nobr">2014-02.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2014-02.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2014-02.html</a>.</p>
<p>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;. 2015. &ldquo;Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Program Participants, 2013&nbsp;Update.&rdquo; Research and Statistics Note <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nobr">2015-02.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2015-02.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2015-02.html</a>.</p>
<p>Bee, C.&nbsp;Adam, and Joshua&nbsp;W. Mitchell. 2017. &ldquo;Do Older Americans Have More Income Than We Think?&rdquo; <abbr class="spell">SEHSD</abbr> Working Paper <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nobr">2017-39.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: Census Bureau, Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division.</p>
<p>Census Bureau. 2022. &ldquo;Poverty Thresholds.&rdquo; <a href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html">https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html</a>.</p>
<p>Colorado Department of Human Services. 2022. &ldquo;Adult Financial Programs.&rdquo; <a href="https://cdhs.colorado.gov/adult-financial-programs">https://cdhs.colorado.gov/benefits-assistance/cash-assistance/adult-financial-programs</a>.</p>
<p>DeCesaro, Anne, and Jeffrey Hemmeter. 2008. &ldquo;Characteristics of Noninstitutionalized <abbr class="spell">DI</abbr> and <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Program Participants.&rdquo; Research and Statistics Note <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nobr">2008-02.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2008-02.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/rsnotes/rsn2008-02.html</a>.</p>
<p>Dushi, Irena, and Brad Trenkamp. 2021. &ldquo;Improving the Measurement of Retirement Income of the Aged Population.&rdquo; <abbr class="spell">ORES</abbr> Working Paper <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr>&nbsp;116. Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/workingpapers/wp116.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/workingpapers/wp116.html</a>.</p>
<p>Emmons, William&nbsp;R., and Lowell&nbsp;R. Ricketts. 2017. &ldquo;College Is Not Enough: Higher Education Does Not Eliminate Racial and Ethnic Wealth Gaps.&rdquo; <i>Federal Reserve Bank of <abbr title="Saint">St.</abbr>&nbsp;Louis Review</i> 99(1): <span class="nobr">7&ndash;39.</span></p>
<p>[<abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>] Social Security Administration. 2011. <i>State Assistance Programs for <abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr> Recipients, January&nbsp;2011.</i> <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> Publication No.&nbsp;<span class="nobr">13-11975.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/progdesc/ssi_st_asst/2011/index.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssi_st_asst/2011/index.html</a>.</p>
<p>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;. 2017. <i>Annual Statistical Report on the Social Security Disability Insurance Program, 2016.</i> <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> Publication No.&nbsp;<span class="nobr">13-11826.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/statcomps/di_asr/2016/index.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/statcomps/di_asr/2016/index.html</a>.</p>
<p>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;. 2021a. <i>Annual Statistical Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin, 2021.</i> <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr> Publication No.&nbsp;<span class="nobr">13-11700.</span> Washington, <abbr class="spell">DC</abbr>: <abbr class="spell">SSA</abbr>. <a href="/policy/docs/statcomps/supplement/2021/index.html">https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/statcomps/supplement/2021/index.html</a>.</p>
<p>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;. 2021b. &ldquo;Spotlight on Deeming and Parental Income and Resources.&rdquo; <a href="/ssi/spotlights/spot-deeming.htm">https://www.ssa.gov/ssi/spotlights/spot-deeming.htm</a>.</p>
<p>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;. 2021c. &ldquo;Supplemental Security Income (<abbr class="spell">SSI</abbr>) Eligibility Requirements.&rdquo; <a href="/ssi/text-eligibility-ussi.htm">https://www.ssa.gov/ssi/text-eligibility-ussi.htm</a>.</p>
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