396 lines
22 KiB
HTML
396 lines
22 KiB
HTML
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<!-- #BeginEditable name="doctitle" --><title>Benefits for Spouses</title><!-- #EndEditable -->
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<meta name="dc.language" scheme="ISO639-2" content="eng">
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<meta name="dc.date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2005-09-21">
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<meta name="dc.date.reviewed" scheme="ISO8601" content="2008-11-25">
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<meta name="dc.description" content="Benefits for Spouses">
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<body onLoad="Poll(); return true; resetForms()">
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<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td class="sstop" valign="bottom" align="left" width="25%">
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<a href="#content" class="redskipnav">Skip to content</a><br>Social Security Online</td>
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<td colspan="2" valign="bottom" class="titletext">
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<!-- #BeginEditable name="sitetitle" -->Social Security Benefits<!-- #EndEditable -->
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</td>
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</tr></table><table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
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<a class="bar" href="/ask/">FAQs</a>  
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<td width="25%" align="right" class="linkbar"><form
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</table></form></td>
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</tr></table><table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="25%" valign="top" class="graystars">
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<!-- #BeginEditable name="subsitehome" --><a href="../index.html">Office of the Chief Actuary</a><!-- #EndEditable -->
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</td>
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<td colspan="2" valign="top">
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<a href="http://www.ssa.gov"><img src="/templateimages/tinylogo.gif" width="52"
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height="47" align="left" alt="SSA logo: link to Social Security Online home"
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border="0"></a><a name="content"></a>
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<!-- #BeginEditable name="pagetitle" -->
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<h1>Benefits for Spouses</h1><!-- #EndEditable -->
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<!-- #BeginEditable name="import" -->
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<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" summary="formatting">
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<tbody>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td width="25%" class="whiteruled2-td">
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<p>Eligibility requirements and benefit information</p></td>
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<td class="grayruled2-td">
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<p>
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When a worker files for retirement benefits, the worker's spouse may be eligible for a
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benefit based on the worker's earnings. Another requirement is that the spouse must
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be at least age 62 or have a qualifying child in her/his care. By a qualifying child,
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we mean a child who is under age 16 or who receives Social Security disability benefits.
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<p>
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The spousal benefit can be as much as half of the worker's
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"<a href="../COLA/piaformula.html">primary insurance amount</a>,"
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depending on the spouse's age at retirement. If the spouse begins receiving benefits
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before "<a href="../ProgData/nra.html">normal (or full) retirement age</a>,"
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the spouse will receive a reduced benefit. However, if a spouse is caring
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for a qualifying child, the spousal benefit is <i>not</i> reduced.
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</p>
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<p>If a spouse is eligible for a retirement benefit based on his or her own earnings,
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and if that benefit is higher than the spousal benefit, then we pay the
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retirement benefit. Otherwise we pay the spousal benefit.
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr valign="top">
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<td width="25%" class="whiteruled2-td">
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<p><a name="calculator">Compute the effect of early retirement for spouses</a>
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who do not have a qualifying child in their care</td>
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<td class="grayruled2-td">
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<p>
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If you enter your date of birth and the effective month for which you would
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like to begin receiving benefits, we will tell you the effect of early retirement
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on your spousal benefit as a percentage of the worker's primary insurance amount.
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(Please note that benefits are generally paid in the
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month following the effective month.)
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<form name="age">
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<blockquote><p>Enter your date of birth
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(<label for="month">month</label>/<label for="day">day</label>/<label for="year">year</label> format):<br />
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<input type="text" name="month" size="1" maxlength="2" id="month" value="6">/
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<input type="text" name="day" size="1" maxlength="2" id="day" value="15">/
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<input type="text" name="year" size="3" maxlength="4" id="year" value="1960">
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</p>
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<p>Enter the effective month and year for which you would like to begin receiving benefits:<br />
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<input type="text" name="drawmon" size="1" maxlength="2" id="drawmon" value="6">/
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<input type="text" name="drawyr" size="3" maxlength="4" id="drawyr" value="2025">
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<b><small>(You must be at least age 62 to begin receiving benefits.)</small></b>
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<p><input name="button" type="button" onclick="calc();" value="Compute">
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</blockquote>
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<p><label for="new">You will reach normal retirement age</label>
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in <input type="text" readOnly size="14" maxlength="14" name="nrastring" id="new">.<br />
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Effect of the retirement choice on your benefit:<br /><label for="output">
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<textarea readOnly rows="6" cols="60" name="textoutput" wrap="virtual" id="output">
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</textarea></label>
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</form>
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<script language="JavaScript">
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var message = '';
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var birthyear = 0;
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var birthmonth = 0;
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var birthday = 0;
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var drawmonth = 0;
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var drawyear = 0;
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var months = ['January','February','March','April','May','June','July',
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'August','September','October','November','December'];
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function calc() {
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message = '';
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var check1 = birthCheck();
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var check2 = true;
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if (check1) {
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check2 = drawCheck();
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}
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if (check1 && check2) {
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if (birthday == 1) {
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birthday = 30;
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birthmonth--;
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if (birthmonth == 0) {
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birthmonth = 12;
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birthyear--;
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}
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}
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var nra99 = nra(birthyear,birthmonth); // # of months after 1999 when attains NRA
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var desire99 = desire(); // # of months after 1999 for specified retirement month
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var age62mon = nra99 - (birthmonth + (birthyear + 62 - 1999)*12);
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var minage = 62;
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if (birthday != 2) {
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age62mon--;
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minage = '62 and one month';
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}
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var age70mon = birthmonth + (birthyear + 70 - 1999)*12 - nra99;
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var delta = desire99 - nra99;
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var nummon = Math.abs(delta); // number of months relative to NRA
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var correction = '';
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var str1 = 'You choose to receive benefits ';
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var str2 = ' normal retirement age. ';
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var str3 = ' Your benefit will be ';
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var str4 = ' percent of the worker\'s primary insurance amount.';
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var change = 0;
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var relative = 'when';
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if (delta < 0) {
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relative = nummon + ' months before';
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if (nummon > age62mon) {
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nummon = age62mon;
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correction = ' However, you can not start benefits before age '+minage;
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correction += ', when your benefit will be reduced for '+age62mon;
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correction += ' months of early retirement. ';
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}
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if (nummon > 36) { change = 25 + (nummon - 36) * 5 / 12; }
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else { change = nummon * 25 / 36; }
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change = 100 - Math.floor(change * 100 + .5) / 100;
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change = Math.floor(change * 50 + .5) / 100;
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} else if (delta > 0) {
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relative = nummon + ' months after';
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change = 50;
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} else {
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change = 50;
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}
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message = str1 + relative + str2 + correction + str3 + change + str4;
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}
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document.age.textoutput.value = message;
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}
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function birthCheck() {
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var date_format = /^(\d{1,4})$/;
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var matchArray = document.age.year.value.match(date_format);
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if (matchArray == null) {
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message = 'Your birth year is entered in a wrong format. Please check to make sure you ';
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message += 'have not entered any extra spaces or symbols.';
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return false;
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}
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birthyear = parseInt(matchArray[1], 10);
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if (birthyear < 100) {
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birthyear += 1900;
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}
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matchArray = document.age.month.value.match(date_format);
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if (matchArray == null) {
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message = 'Your birth month is entered in a wrong format. Please check to make sure you ';
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message += 'have not entered any extra spaces or symbols.';
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return false;
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}
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birthmonth = parseInt(matchArray[1], 10);
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matchArray = document.age.day.value.match(date_format);
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if (matchArray == null) {
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message = 'Your birth day is entered in a wrong format. Please check to make sure you ';
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message += 'have not entered any extra spaces or symbols.';
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return false;
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}
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birthday = parseInt(matchArray[1], 10);
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if (birthyear < 1917) {
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message = "Birth year must be 1917 or later.";
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return false;
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}
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if (birthday < 1 || birthday > 31) {
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message = 'Birth day must be between 1 and 31.';
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return false;
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}
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if (birthmonth < 1 || birthmonth > 12) { // check month range
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message = 'Birth month must be between 1 and 12.';
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return false;
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}
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if (birthday == 31 && (birthmonth == 4 || birthmonth == 6 ||
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birthmonth == 9 || birthmonth == 11)) {
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message = months[birthmonth - 1] + " doesn't have 31 days!";
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return false;
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}
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if (birthmonth == 2) { // check for february 29th
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if ((birthday == 29 && !isleap(birthyear)) || birthday > 29) {
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message = "February " + birthyear + " doesn't have " + birthday +
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" days!";
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return false;
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}
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}
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return true;
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}
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function drawCheck() {
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var date_format = /^(\d{1,4})$/;
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var matchArray = document.age.drawyr.value.match(date_format);
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if (matchArray == null) {
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message = 'Your retirement year is entered in a wrong format. Please check to make ';
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message += 'sure you have not entered any extra spaces or symbols.';
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return false;
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}
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drawyear = parseInt(matchArray[1], 10);
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if (drawyear < 100) {
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drawyear += 2000;
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}
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matchArray = document.age.drawmon.value.match(date_format);
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if (matchArray == null) {
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message = 'Your retirement month is entered in a wrong format. Please check to make ';
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message += 'sure you have not entered any extra spaces or symbols.';
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return false;
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}
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drawmonth = parseInt(matchArray[1], 10);
|
|
if (drawyear <= birthyear) { // check year range
|
|
message = 'Retirement year must be after birth year.';
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
if (drawmonth < 1 || drawmonth > 12) { // check month range
|
|
message = 'Retirement month must be between 1 and 12.';
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function isleap( year ) {
|
|
return (year % 4 == 0 && (year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function desire() {
|
|
return drawmonth + (drawyear - 1999)*12;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
function nra(yob,mob) { // computes number of months of early or late retirement
|
|
var nrayr = 65;
|
|
var nramon = 0;
|
|
if (yob >= 1943 && yob <= 1954) { nrayr = 66 }
|
|
if (yob > 1959) { nrayr = 67 }
|
|
var transition = [1938,6502,1939,6504,1940,6506,1941,6508,1942,6510,1955,6602,1956,6604,1957,6606,1958,6608,1959,6610];
|
|
if ((yob > 1937 && yob < 1943) || (yob > 1954 && yob < 1960)) {
|
|
var index = 1;
|
|
for (var i = 0; i < 20; i+=2) {
|
|
if (transition[i] == yob) { index = i + 1 }
|
|
}
|
|
var tmp = String(transition[index]);
|
|
nramon = Number(tmp.substr(2,2));
|
|
nrayr = Number(tmp.substr(0,2));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
nrayr += yob;
|
|
nramon += mob;
|
|
if (nramon > 12) {
|
|
nramon -= 12;
|
|
nrayr++;
|
|
}
|
|
document.age.nrastring.value = months[nramon - 1] + ' ' + String(nrayr);
|
|
return nramon + (nrayr - 1999)*12;
|
|
}
|
|
</script>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr valign="top">
|
|
<td width="25%" class="whiteruled-td">
|
|
<p><a name="early">Early retirement reduces benefits</a></p></td>
|
|
<td class="grayruled-td">
|
|
<p>A spouse can choose to retire as early as age 62, but
|
|
doing so may result in a benefit as little as 32.5 percent of the worker's
|
|
primary insurance amount. A spousal benefit is reduced 25/36 of one
|
|
percent for each month before normal retirement age, up to 36 months.
|
|
If the number of months exceeds 36, then the benefit is
|
|
further reduced 5/12 of one percent per month. </p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
For a spouse who is not entitled to benefits on his or her own earnings record, this reduction factor is applied to the base spousal benefit, which is 50 percent of
|
|
the worker's primary insurance amount.
|
|
For example, if the worker's primary insurance amount is $1,600
|
|
and the worker's spouse chooses to begin receiving benefits 36 months before his or her
|
|
normal retirement age, we first take 50 percent of $1,600 to get an $800 base spousal
|
|
benefit. Then we compute the reduction factor, which is 36 times 25/36 of one percent, or
|
|
25 percent. Applying a 25 percent reduction to the $800 amount gives a spousal benefit
|
|
of $600. Thus, in this case, the final spousal benefit is 37.5 percent of the primary
|
|
insurance amount.</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody></table>
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