1372 lines
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|
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<a href="/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a>
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<a href="/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a>
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<a href="/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a>
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>
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<h1 class="nist-page__title">From Bookmobiles to Big Data, How Library Scientists Make Information Accessible to All</h1>
|
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<div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-03-20T12:00:00Z">March 20, 2024</time>
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<span>By: </span>
|
|||
|
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<a href="/blogs/taking-measure/authors/kathryn-miller" hreflang="en">Kathryn Miller</a>
|
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<figure class="nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2024/02/22/kathryn_miller_with_book_021324.jpg?itok=UxWnU81f" data-media-id="701176">
|
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<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/960_x_960_limit/public/images/2024/02/22/kathryn_miller_with_book_021324.jpg?itok=LhET1TgT" width="960" height="641" alt="Kathryn Miller sits reading a book at a small table in the NIST library. " typeof="foaf:Image" />
|
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|
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<div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content">
|
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|
|||
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<p>Though she was a librarian more than 100 years ago, Mary Lemist Titcomb inspired NIST librarian Kathryn Miller’s career. Both women have a passion for getting books and knowledge out to the public.</p>
|
|||
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|
|||
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</div>
|
|||
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<div class="nist-image__credit">
|
|||
|
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<span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
R. Wilson/NIST
|
|||
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|
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</div>
|
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</figcaption>
|
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</figure>
|
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<p>The thrill of finding a new book — what could be better? As a kid, nothing was more exciting than walking into a library and discovering my next adventure. </p><p>Well, that was until I discovered that libraries could bring books to me. In a van! To my neighborhood! Now, that was exciting. </p><p>Fast forward a few decades, and I found myself in graduate school studying library science. </p><p>In a lesson about providing access and outreach to communities, we learned about the librarian who came up with the idea of bringing books to the public via horse and buggy — <a href="https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshallfame/html/titcomb.html">Mary Lemist Titcomb</a>. In 1905, it was called a book wagon. </p><p>Today, they’re more commonly known as bookmobiles. I was brought back to the first time I saw a van full of books at a neighborhood event, with librarians waiting to help me learn and discover. It all made sense now. <em>This is why I’m studying library science!</em> </p><p>Titcomb very much inspired me in my career journey as a librarian. She reminded me that library science is more than arranging and cataloging books and documents in dusty basements (though there is a lot of that!). It’s applying that science to the communities you want to serve. </p><p>This epiphany eventually led me to NIST. As a librarian at NIST, my main role is to help our researchers get their work out to the public in the most accessible way possible. Unlike Titcomb’s, my job does not involve a horse and buggy (I’ll stick to my book carts and Subaru, thank you!). But we both share a passion for getting information and knowledge to people who need it.</p><p>I love the idea of bringing information to people where they are, and that has been the thread throughout my career so far and how I approach being a librarian. </p><h2>Bringing Books to the People </h2>
|
|||
|
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<figure class=" align-right nist-image--lightbox nist-image" role="group">
|
|||
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<div data-copyright="Stock Photo" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2024/02/22/mary_titcomb.jpg?itok=2siak_W_" data-media-id="701186">
|
|||
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<img alt="Historical photo shows head-and-shoulders view of Mary Lemist Titcomb. " height="451" loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2024/02/22/mary_titcomb.jpg?itok=fC8O8raI" typeof="foaf:Image" width="475">
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</div>
|
|||
|
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<figcaption class="nist-image__caption">Mary Lemist Titcomb<div class="nist-image__credit">
|
|||
|
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<span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
|
Maryland State Archives
|
|||
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|
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</div></figcaption>
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|
|||
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<p>Mary Lemist Titcomb decided she wanted to be a librarian at a time when no formal training schools existed, and the profession could only be learned through unpaid apprenticeships. The field was also very male-dominated at the time, though most librarians today are women. </p><p>Titcomb was eventually hired as a cataloger and worked her way up to chief librarian of the Rutland Public Library in Vermont. During her first decade as a professional librarian, she applied to be a librarian at the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair. </p><p>She received a rejection letter from Melvil Dewey, the president of the American Library Association, which stated that he only wanted “women who have been very prominent in the national association and its work and who are very familiar with general library interests throughout the country … however admirable Miss Titcomb’s work may have been with you [the Vermont library], she has not made herself known outside.” </p><p>You might recognize Dewey’s name if you’ve ever had to find a book at a library. He’s the namesake of the numerical classification of library books, known as the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Dewey-Decimal-Classification">Dewey Decimal Classification</a>. You may also recognize that the expectation for women to be “rock stars” in a profession dominated by men hasn’t changed much since the late 19th century. </p><p>Titcomb wanted to rise to Dewey’s challenge. She found a chance in 1902 when she was hired at a tiny county library in Hagerstown, Maryland — my home state and not far from our campus in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Titcomb’s immediate focus was on making the library more useful to the community. At the time, Washington County had a <a href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/ala/2014/05/22/books-wheels/">mostly agricultural population</a> spread out over a large area (50,000 people over 500 square miles). This is how the bookmobile was born, because <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U-cYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA350&lpg=PA350&dq4Hk5jZJJQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=">as Titcomb writes</a>: </p><p>“The book goes to the man. We do not wait for the man to come to the book. Our British critics would call this a concrete example of the frantic rushing about of the American librarian, but we all know that we might wait long before a busy farmer would ride five, ten, or fifteen miles for a coveted volume.”</p><p>While I want to update her use of “man” to “people,” this sentiment of bringing information to the people is exactly how I approach my own work as a librarian. It’s a no-brainer for both me and Mary.</p><p>Titcomb worked out a schedule, planned the routes and designed the wagon. Titcomb asked the library’s janitor, Joshua Thomas, who was familiar with the area and the community, to be the driver and lead horses Black Beauty and Dandy twice a week. In <a href="https://www.whilbr.org/bookmobile">April 1905</a>, the wagon set out and made stops at every residence along the route to introduce the “experiment” and meet the families. </p>
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<figure class=" align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" role="group">
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<div data-copyright="Stock Photo" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2024/02/22/book_wagon_hagerstown_021324.jpg?itok=62jQ61hM" data-media-id="701191">
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<img alt="Historical photo shows two horses harnessed to a wagon with open doors on the outside showing shelves holding books. " height="422" loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/images/2024/02/22/book_wagon_hagerstown_021324.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="870">
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<figcaption class="nist-image__caption">Mary Lemist Titcomb set up the earliest known bookmobile — powered by horse and buggy — in Washington County, Maryland in 1905.<div class="nist-image__credit">
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<span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span>
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Courtesy of the Washington County Free Library/Western Maryland Regional Library
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<p>In the first six months, the wagon lent over <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Carriage_Journal/awdDDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Takin%27+it+to+the+streets:+The+history+of+the+book+wagon%22.&pg=PA150&printsec=frontcover">1,000 books</a> to the residents of Washington County. It continued delivering books for five years until the wagon and its books were destroyed while crossing train tracks. (Luckily, <a href="https://www.preservationmaryland.org/bookmobile-washington-county-maryland/">Thomas and the horses were fine</a>.) </p><p>The program was so successful that the library’s board of trustees funded a <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951000947574e&seq=18&q1=automobile">new wagon</a>. </p><p>But this wagon had a different kind of horsepower — a motor. Now, with a bookmobile, they could reach everyone in the community and carry a wider variety of books. Other libraries within the United States started their own bookmobile programs, with many (including the <a href="https://www.washcolibrary.org/bookmobile">Washington County Free Library</a>) still running today.</p><p>All of this work Titcomb had done in her small library started to catch people’s attention outside the immediate community. Even Dewey himself <a href="https://www.library.illinois.edu/ala/2014/05/22/books-wheels/">sent her a postcard</a> saying: “I congratulate you on the splendid work you are doing and congratulate Maryland much more in having secured you for it.”</p><p>I guess Titcomb had proved herself to Dewey, as she was elected to serve as the <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25685289">second vice president of the American Library Association</a> in 1914. She started one of the first <a href="https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/titcomb.html">official librarian training programs</a> in 1924. </p><p>Her experience creating the first book wagon was used in writing the 1929 American Library Association <a href="https://alair.ala.org/bitstream/handle/11213/11572/SpecificationsForBookAutomobiles.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">specifications for book automobiles</a>. The specifications included everything a library would need to start its own bookmobile program — down to the paint and lettering. We love a standard here at NIST, especially one that involves getting books out to people! </p><p>The science of bringing information to people has changed a lot since Mary Titcomb delivered books to everyone around Hagerstown, Maryland, by horse and buggy. But the commitment to making information accessible to all remains the same, and Mary’s story helped inspire me to make library science my career. </p><h2>Winding Road to Library Science </h2><p>My path to library science was probably as complicated and winding as one of the routes Titcomb planned for her first book wagon. </p><p>I found myself at a loss as to what to do after getting my undergraduate degree in English and theater. So, I joined AmeriCorps and was placed in Maine at a children’s museum and theater. One of my projects during my term was digitizing and organizing old photos for this theater that had been around since the 1920s. </p><p>All of these wonderful artifacts had been locked in a plastic tub for decades. Now, I was able to put them online and research and organize them, so they’d be easier to find. I remember wondering if I could do this professionally. I did some research and found a master’s degree program in library and archival science back in my hometown. </p><p>I took another winding path trying to decide what type of librarian I wanted to be, which led me to an internship at NIST. My favorite part about my work at NIST was that <em>everything</em> was in the <a href="https://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/search/searchterm/Gaithersburg Campus/field/source/mode/all/conn/and/order/nosort">public domain</a>. I didn’t have to worry about copyright or licenses. The main goal was to get the information out to the p
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<div class="text-with-summary"><p>Kathryn Miller has been a publishing services librarian with the NIST Research Library and Museum since 2016. Kathryn's work at NIST includes coordinating the production, dissemination, marketing, bibliographic control and impact assessment activities related to the publishing of the NIST Technical Series Publications. She received her master's in library and information science from the University of Maryland in 2015. She lives in Silver Spring, Maryland, with her husband and her energetic, free-spirited 4-year-old daughter.</p></div>
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<h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/talk-nisty-me-when-everyday-words-take-different-meanings-measurement-science"><span>Talk NISTy to Me: When Everyday Words Take On Different Meanings in Measurement Science</span>
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<div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-12-04T12:00:00Z">December 4, 2024</time>
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<div class="text-with-summary"> Words that have common meanings have different definitions in the world of measurement science.
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<div class="text-with-summary"> ’Twas the night before Christmas; NIST staff had gone home. Our director was left to reflect all alone. She thought about NIST and the breadth of its work, from
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<h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/standing-scientific-integrity-qa-writer-director-jose-ricardo-garcia-new-film"><span>Standing Up for Scientific Integrity: A Q&A With Writer-Director José Ricardo García on the New Film ‘The AD-X2 Controversy’</span>
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<div class="text-with-summary"> In the 1950s, scientific integrity was put into question by a packet of salt. That controversy is the center of a new NIST film.
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|
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<option data-url="/blogs/taking-measure/categories/249421">Information technology</option>
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<option data-url="/blogs/taking-measure/categories/2748236">Infrastructure</option>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<option data-url="/blogs/taking-measure/categories/2813456">Technology transfer</option>
|
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<option data-url="/blogs/taking-measure/categories/249396">Transportation</option>
|
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</select>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<a href="tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a>
|
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