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Initital commit.
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<section data-elastic-exclude class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website">
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<p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p>
<p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p>
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<p>
<strong>Official websites use .gov</strong>
<br/>
A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
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<strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong>
<br/>
A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock">
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</span>
) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
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<p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/blogs/manufacturing-innovation-blog/industry-40-and-cybersecurity-how-protect-your-investment</p>
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<h1 class="nist-page__title">Industry 4.0 and cybersecurity – How to protect your investment</h1>
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<div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-06-18T12:00:00Z">June 18, 2024</time>
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<span>By: </span>
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<p><span lang="EN">Digital transformations are notoriously difficult for small and medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs). SMMs need to meet production goals, recruit and retain talent, and reduce risks in their supply chains all while trying to adapt to an evolving technological landscape. Fortunately, Industry 4.0 is gaining momentum to address these challenges by providing pathways to efficiencies, innovation and growth. As a result, more manufacturers are investing in automation and equipment monitoring.</span><span lang="EN"></span></p><p><span lang="EN">Industry 4.0 may be a game changer for SMMs; however, it is not a panacea for all the challenges facing 21<sup>st</sup> century manufacturers. Like any new technology, Industry 4.0 introduces new vulnerabilities. Connectivity is great, but the cost of protecting critical systems and data cannot be an afterthought. Cybersecurity should be one of the first things to consider with any technology investment.</span><span lang="EN"></span></p><p><span lang="EN">Physical security is not an afterthought – manufacturers secure their facilities from intruders. They would be wise to do the same for their operational technology (OT), data and connectivity. After all, manufacturing is the </span><a href="https://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/manufacturing-top-target-of-record-breaking-cyber-extortion/"><span lang="EN">most targeted industry</span></a><span lang="EN"> for cybersecurity attacks.</span><span lang="EN"></span></p><p><span lang="EN">In previous blogs on cybersecurity and Industry 4.0, I looked at the </span><a href="/blogs/manufacturing-innovation-blog/cybersecurity-and-industry-40-what-you-need-know" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a9ab5964-b5fa-44b0-b088-d22af7e80e58" data-entity-substitution="canonical" title="Cybersecurity and Industry 4.0 – What You Need to Know"><span lang="EN">basic elements of Industry 4.0</span></a><span lang="EN"> and how cybersecurity is a </span><a href="https://www.nist.gov/blogs/manufacturing-innovation-blog/cybersecurity-critical-component-industry-40-implementation"><span lang="EN">critical factor</span></a><span lang="EN"> in information technology (IT), OT and customized software. In this blog, I’ll discuss how manufacturers can approach the additional vulnerabilities that come with Industry 4.0 and the interconnectivity it provides.</span></p><h2><a name="_heading=h.tyjcwt"></a><span lang="EN">Industry 4.0 means new cybersecurity challenges with OT&nbsp;</span></h2><p><span lang="EN">Industry 4.0 is all about leveraging connectivity and data, bridging gaps so that traditional IT systems can exchange information with OT. The boundaries between these areas have almost disappeared. While cybersecurity used to be primarily concerned with IT, manufacturers must be more diligent in securing their OT and its many access points. A breach in OT can interrupt the manufacturing process or impact product quality. It can cause companywide disruption in other departments like shipping and billing or endanger sensitive company information.</span><span lang="EN"></span></p><p><span lang="EN">Many SMMs rely on machines that operate with customized software. However, these systems may not work with current cybersecurity techniques or may unintentionally introduce vulnerabilities. SMMs may not keep software updated or patched to address newly discovered vulnerabilities. It’s also not unusual for manufacturers to have legacy or specialty machines connected to old computers with&nbsp;</span><span>operating systems and software&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN">that are no longer supported.</span><span lang="EN"></span></p><p><span lang="EN">When dealing with OT cybersecurity, be sure to account for backups of OT configurations and data needed to restore systems, all with secure encryption. Also keep in mind that new regulations and compliance may present vulnerabilities. Some&nbsp;initiatives involve OT monitoring of energy usage and carbon emissions to avoid costs and penalties. These OT-based sensors and controls create a vulnerabili
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<div class="text-with-summary"><p>Pat has over 30 years of experience in Cybersecurity and worked on various NIST Cybersecurity guidance documents including NISTIR 7621 Small Business Information Security: The Fundamentals.</p></div>
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