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<h1 class="nist-page__title">The National Information Infrastructure: A Revolution for the Millennium</h1>
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<div class="datetime"><time datetime="1995-10-04T12:00:00Z">October 4, 1995</time>
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<p>It's really a pleasure to be here with all of you tonight.</p><p>I'd like to talk about a tremendous transformation that we're all living through right now—the Information Revolution. It is a change that is happening over a period of some years which has tremendous implications for us throughout our society. I'd like first to explore the scope of that transformation and what some of those changes might mean for us as a society. Then I want to share with you some of my observations from outside the health care system, about what those changes may mean and what the challenges may be for the business of health care.</p><p>Let's start by thinking about what's happening with the information revolution. When we've talked in the last few years about the National Information Infrastructure, the analogy that gets used the most often is the "Information Super Highway," an analogy made to the physical highway structure in this country. It's a useful analogy, but I'm tired about all the jokes about roadkill. The analogy actually starts to break down after a while, so I want to suggest that we might take a little bit broader look at this transformation that's underway today by zipping back about a hundred years and looking at the transformation that was underway at the turn of the last century—the Industrial Revolution. There are several characteristics of the changes we're going through today that map to some of the changes a century ago. Fundamentally, the period of time we are living through right now corresponds to, if you like, a knee in the curve of the Information Revolution—much in the same way that a century ago we were going through a period of change in the pace of change of the Industrial Revolution. So if you think about the turn of the last century, industrialization had been going on for many, many years. We'd had railroads, mechanization, and automation. But what was dramatically different and was really dramatically changing the pace of the Industrial Revolution was the idea of interchangeable parts. And it was really from that concept that flowed the fundamental change in the way we build systems. Instead of everything being a lovingly hand-crafted system, all of a sudden I could build something by using the component that you supplied so that your widget would really fit into my socket. And that was a pretty basic transformation. It had tremendous implications for the kinds of capabilities we possessed, for the kinds of products we were able to build. It transformed the industrial enterprise. It introduced the idea of economies of scale. It created the kind of industrial system that we really have today.</p><p>So what's happening in the Information Revolution today? Well, again, it's not new to have computers and communication technologies; those have been around in some form for literally decades already. But there is a qualitative change that's happening today that has technical characteristics, as well as some social characteristics, that are very important if we are to understand what this inflection point means in our own revolution that's going on right now. And part of this change happening in the Information Revolution has to do with interoperability. If you think about how we've developed information capabilities in the past, it's tended to be islands, or, if you like, stove pipes of different kinds of infrastructure. We have a broadcast information infrastructure. We have a telephone information infrastructure. We have the Internet, which is a completely different and wild and wonderful creature, but another kind of infrastructure. Today we are at the threshold of creating the kind of interoperability that lets us cross those traditional domains and really start changing the way that people use information technology. That really is the social side of it, and the more compelling part, as a matter of fact. For years and years and years I've been in communities where people were talking about how wonderful information technology was. A few years ago most of those people were computer scienti
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<p>Dr. Arati Prabhakar<br>Director, National Institute of Standards and Technology</p>
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<div class="text-long"><p>Mayo Clinic<br>Rochester, Minnesota</p></div>
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Created October 16, 2009, Updated October 26, 2016
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