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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>The TORCH screen is a group of blood tests. These tests check for several different infections in a newborn. The full form of TORCH is <a test="test" href="./000637.htm">toxoplasmosis</a>, <a test="test" href="./001574.htm">rubella cytomegalovirus</a>, herpes simplex, and HIV. However, it can also contain other newborn infections.</p><p>Sometimes the test is spelled TORCHS, where the extra "S" stands for syphilis.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The health care provider will clean a small area (usually the finger). They will stick it with a sharp needle or cutting instrument called a lancet. The blood may be collected in a small glass tube, on a slide, onto a test strip, or into a small container. If there is any bleeding, cotton or a bandage may be applied to the puncture site.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>For more information about how you can prepare your child, see <a test="test" href="./002055.htm">infant test or procedure preparation</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>While the blood sample is being taken, your child will most likely feel a prick and a brief stinging sensation.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>If a woman becomes infected with certain germs during her pregnancy, the baby may also become infected while still in the womb. The baby is more sensitive to harm from infection during the first 3 to 4 months of the pregnancy.</p><p>This test is used to screen infants for TORCH infections. These infections may lead to the following problems in the baby:</p><ul><li>Birth defects</li><li><a test="test" href="./003021.htm">Growth delay</a></li><li>Brain and nervous system problems</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Normal values mean there is no sign of infection in the newborn.</p><p>Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your test results.
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</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>If high levels of antibodies called immunoglobulins (IgM) against a certain germ are found in the infant, there may be an infection. Your provider may order more tests to confirm a diagnosis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Blood draws carry a small risk of bleeding, bruising, and infection at the involved site.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>The TORCH screen is useful for determining whether there may be an infection. If the result is positive, more testing will be needed to confirm the diagnosis. The mother will also need to be checked.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Harrison GJ. Approach to infections in the fetus and newborn. In: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. <em>Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 66.</p><p>Nerenz RD, Braga JA. Pregnancy and its disorders. In: Nader R, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham CAD, Wittwer CT, eds. <em>Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine</em>. 7th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2023:chap 59.</p><p>Remington JS, Klein JO, Maldonado YA, et al. Current concepts of infections of the fetus and newborn infant. In: Maldonado YA, Nizet V, Barnett ED, et al, eds. <em>Remington and Klein's infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn</em>. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2025:chap 1.</p><p>Stokes C, Melvin AJ. Viral infections of the fetus and newborn. In: Gleason CA, Sawyer T, eds. <em>Avery's Diseases of the Newborn</em>. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 34.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 7/31/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Charles I. Schwartz, MD, FAAP, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, General Pediatrician at PennCare for Kids, Phoenixville, PA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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