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</div><div><span>Breast infection</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Breast infection</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>A breast infection is an infection in the tissue of the breast.</p><img title="Normal female breast anatomy" alt="Normal female breast anatomy" src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/fullsize/8627.jpg" class="img-e" itemprop="image"/></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Breast infections are usually caused by common bacteria (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) found on normal skin. The bacteria enter through a break or crack in the skin, usually on the nipple.</p><p>The infection takes place in the fatty tissue of the breast and causes <a test="test" href="./003103.htm">swelling</a>. This swelling pushes on the milk ducts. The result is pain and lumps in the infected breast.</p><p>Breast infections usually occur in women who are breastfeeding. Breast infections inflammation that are not related to breastfeeding might be due to a rare form of <a test="test" href="./000913.htm">breast cancer</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms of a breast infection may include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003153.htm">Breast enlargement</a> or fullness on one side only</li><li><a test="test" href="./003155.htm">Breast lump</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003152.htm">Breast pain</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003090.htm">Fever</a> and flu-like symptoms, including nausea and vomiting</li><li><a test="test" href="./003217.htm">Itching</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001515.htm">Nipple discharge (may contain pus)</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003103.htm">Swelling</a>, tenderness, and warmth in breast tissue</li><li>Skin redness, most often in wedge shape</li><li>Tender or <a test="test" href="./003097.htm">enlarged lymph nodes</a> in armpit on the same side </li></ul><img title="Breast infection" alt="Breast infection" src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/fullsize/17028.jpg" class="img-e" itemprop="image"/></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform physical exam to rule out complications such as a swollen, pus-filled lump (abscess). Sometimes an ultrasound is done to check for an abscess.</p><p>For infections that keep returning, milk from the nipple may be cultured. In women who are not breastfeeding, tests done may include: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./007432.htm">Breast biopsy</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./007360.htm">Breast MRI</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003379.htm">Breast ultrasound</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003380.htm">Mammogram</a></li></ul><img title="Female Breast" alt="Female Breast" src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/fullsize/1075.jpg" class="img-e" itemprop="image"/></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Self-care may include applying moist heat to the infected breast tissue for 15 to 20 minutes four times a day. You may also need to take pain relievers.</p><p>Antibiotics are very effective in treating a breast infection. If you take antibiotics, you must continue to breastfeed or pump to relieve breast swelling from milk production.</p><p>If there is an abscess that does not go away, needle aspiration under ultrasound guidance is done, along with antibiotics. If this method fails to cure the abscess, then incision and drainage is the treatment of choice.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>The condition usually clears quickly with antibiotic therapy. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>In severe infections, an <a test="test" href="./001353.htm">abscess</a> may develop. Abscesses need to be drained, either as an office procedure or with surgery. A wound dressing would be needed to help with healing after the procedure. Women with an abscess may be told to temporarily stop breastfeeding.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if:</p><ul><li>Any portion of your breast tissue becomes reddened, tender, swollen, or hot</li><li>You are breastfeeding and develop a high fever</li><li>The lymph nodes in your armpit become tender or swollen </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>The following may help reduce the risk of breast infections:</p><ul><li>Careful nipple care to prevent irritation and cracking</li><li>Feeding often and pumping milk to prevent the breast from getting swollen (engorged)</li><li>Proper breastfeeding technique with good latching by the baby</li><li>Weaning slowly, over several weeks, rather than quickly stopping breastfeeding</li><li>Timely treatment of a breast infection before it progresses to a breast abscess</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Mastitis; Infection - breast tissue; Breast abscess - post partum mastitis; Breastfeeding - mastitis</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8627t.jpg" alt="Normal female breast anatomy" title="Normal female breast anatomy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8627.htm">Normal female breast anatomy</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17028t.jpg" alt="Breast infection" title="Breast infection" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17028.htm">Breast infection</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1075t.jpg" alt="Female Breast" title="Female Breast" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1075.htm">Female breast</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/24468t.jpg" alt="Mastitis" title="Mastitis" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19964.htm">Mastitis</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Dabbs DJ, Rakha EA. Metaplastic breast carcinoma. In: Dabbs DJ, ed. <em>Breast Pathology</em>. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 25.</p><p>Dabbs DJ, Weidner N. Infections of the breast. In: Dabbs DJ, ed. <em>Breast Pathology.</em> 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 3. </p><p>Dinulos JGH. Bacterial infections. In: Dinulos JGH, ed. <em>Habif's Clinical Dermatology</em>. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 9.</p><p>Klimberg VS, Hunt KK. Diseases of the breast. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. <em>Sabiston Textbook of Surgery</em>. 21st ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2022:chap 35.</p><p>Woods CR. Subcutaneous tissue infections and abscesses. In: Long SS, ed. <em>Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 73.</p></div></div></section>
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