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<div class="h1">MEDLINE&#174; Citation Counts by Year of Publication<br /> (as of January 2023)*</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="float: right; width: 18%;">
<figure><a href="http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/"><img style="width: 100%;" src="/bsd/pubmed_logo.png" alt="PubMed logo" /></a>
<figcaption style="font-size: small; text-align: center;"><a href="http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/">Go to PubMed</a></figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<p>MEDLINE consists of completed citations indexed with MeSH<span class="registered">&reg;</span> (Medical Subject Headings<span class="registered">&reg;</span>).</p>
<!-- **
** Paste data from Excel template below ** -->
<table class ="usa-table">
<tr>
<th style="text-align:center;">Year of Publication</th>
<th style="text-align:center;">Total # Citations</th>
<th style="text-align:center;"># Citations Published in US</th>
<th style="text-align:center;">%s Citations Published in US</th>
</tr>
<!-- ** Per Lou, we dont put the forthcoming publication date (i.e. the year the update takes place) on this table; the asterisked footnote mentions that a few citations exist for the forthcoming year.
******************************************
-->
<tr>
<td>2023*</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">11,731</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">3973</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">34%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2022</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">981,270</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">349,020</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">36%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2021</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">1,063,140</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">384,881</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">36%
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2020</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">993,289</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">371,266</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">37%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2019</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">903,225</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">346,534</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">38%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2018</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">866,938</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">342,518</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2017</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">848,829</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">342,001</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2016</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">862,840</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">348,436</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2015</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">878,403</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">364,909</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">42%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2014</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">870,986</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">367,182</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">42%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2013</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">854,104</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">363,954</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2012</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">811,153</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">347,621</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2011</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">769,279</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">329,586</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2010</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">735,004</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">314,684</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2009</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">707,722</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">305,352</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2008</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">685,931</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">298,541</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">44%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2007</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">657,649</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">286,821</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">44%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2006</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">634,563</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">281,084</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">44%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2005</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">609,835</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">273,382</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">45%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2004</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">579,041</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">259,885</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">45%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2003</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">549,302</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">248,697</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">45%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2002</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">521,683</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">236,298</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">45%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2001</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">505,770</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">230,922</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2000</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">485,493</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">221,847</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1999</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">459,799</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">210,529</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1998</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">446,844</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">203,616</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1997</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">432,077</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">198,123</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1996</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">421,831</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">192,663</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1995</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">416,461</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">191,081</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1994</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">407,307</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">185,607</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">46%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1993</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">398,107</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">178,983</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">45%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1992</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">391,788</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">173,627</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">44%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1991</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">388,766</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">168,184</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">43%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1990</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">388,119</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">163,582</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">42%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1989</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">381,393</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">156,676</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">41%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1988</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">365,608</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">150,064</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">41%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1987</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">347,995</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">141,197</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">41%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1986</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">330,453</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">133,546</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1985</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">318,108</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">126,897</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1984</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">307,931</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">122,728</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1983</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">299,016</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">118,317</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">40%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1982</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">285,219</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">112,349</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">39%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1981</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">274,470</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">106,498</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">39%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1980</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">272,490</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">104,573</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">38%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1979</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">274,279</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">103,563</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">38%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1978</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">265,555</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">96,956</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">37%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1977</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">255,745</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">91,641</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">36%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1976</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">249,179</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">87,133</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">35%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1975</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">244,104</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">82,943</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">34%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1974</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">229,807</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">77,314</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">34%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1973</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">225,870</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">74,124</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">33%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1972</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">222,230</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">69,628</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">31%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1971</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">216,613</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">65,939</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1970</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">211,330</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">63,852</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1969</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">210,436</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">63,525</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1968</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">203,700</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">60,743</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1967</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">186,840</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">55,764</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1966</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">175,197</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">53,282</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1965</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">173,135</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">52,229</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1964</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">158,922</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">48,007</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">30%</td>
</tr>
<!--**Per Lou, she will be in touch with Jim Mork to revise his program code to include stats for "# Citations Published in US" and "%s Citations Published in US" from 1963 to pre-1947 starting 2017 update. **-->
<tr>
<td>1963**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">137,733</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1962**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">122,644</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1961**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">117,003</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1960**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">108,860</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1959**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">107,786</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1958**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">107,655</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1957**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">109,811</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1956**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">105,228</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1955**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">106,759</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1954**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">104,007</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1953**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">107,678</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1952**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">106,850</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1951**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">102,578</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1950**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">84,099</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1949**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">60,931</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1948**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">68,711</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1947**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">62,869</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pre-1947**</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">66,663</td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1964-Present Subtotals</td>
<td style="text-align:right;"> 28,223,904 </td>
<td style="text-align:right;"> 11,504,877 </td>
<td style="text-align:center;">41%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Totals***</td>
<td style="text-align:right;"> 30,011,769 </td>
<td style="text-align:right;">NA</td>
<td style="text-align:center;">NA</td>
</tr>
<!-- Paste data from Excel template above -->
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<table class=“usa-table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<a name="footnote1">*</a>Derived from the <a href="//mbr.nlm.nih.gov/">2023 MEDLINE/PubMed Baseline</a> produced in January 2023.
<br /><br />
<a name="footnote2">**</a>As of December 2006, <a href=" //www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/databases_oldmedline.html">OLDMEDLINE</a> subset citations that have all of their original subject terms mapped to current MeSH are <a href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/so06/so06_oldmedline_status.html">included in MEDLINE</a>. There are more citations in PubMed with these older publication dates; some are PubMed status or "as supplied by publisher" status. As of the 2017 MEDLINE/PubMed baseline, all OLDMEDLINE subset citations were converted to MEDLINE status because every such citation was mapped to at least one current MeSH heading. In the future when NLM adds more OLDMEDLINE citations, there may be a period of time when the citations status equals OLDMEDLINE until NLM can map to current MeSH.<br /><br />
Notes: <br />
<ol>
<li>Typically a PubMed search will yield higher numbers, as NLM may have processed more completed citations since the baseline was produced for various reasons, e.g., time lag in receipt, or a new journal for indexing going back to volume 1, or data from back issues such as those deposited in PubMed Central, or from other sources. Also, PubMed includes both the print and electronic publication dates in a publication date search. Therefore, citations to articles published electronically and in print with 2 different publication dates will be retrieved in 2 different [dp] searches, thereby getting counted twice. For example, a paper published electronically in December 2013 and in print in January 2014 will be counted once in a 2013 [dp] search and again in a 2014 [dp] search.<br /></li>
<li>Counts are limited to the MEDLINE subset [sb] of PubMed and do not include out-of-scope citations. <br />
To search PubMed for the out-of-scope completed citations use: pubmednotmedline [sb]<br />
To search PubMed for MEDLINE excluding OLDMEDLINE subset citations, add <strong>NOT jsubsetom</strong> to your search; for example: 1965 [dp] AND medline [sb] NOT jsubsetom.<br />
</li>
<li>Country of publication means the country where the journal was published. These data are available for the OLDMEDLINE subset only for the years 1964-65.
<br /></li>
</ol>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p class=”margin-top-5”><small>Last Reviewed: May 27, 2023</small></p>
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