195 lines
10 KiB
HTML
195 lines
10 KiB
HTML
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<title>Leonard Kleinrock</title><!----------HEADING HERE---------->
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Leonard Kleinrock" />
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<body background="../../../images/bg-pop-orange.gif" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff9900" vlink="#000000" text="000000" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0">
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<td colspan="3"><span id="arccontainerheader" class="breadlinks"><a href="/index.html">Home</a> > <strong>NLM Archives</strong> > </span> <span id="disclaimerheader"><strong>Document content is not current. Links may be broken.</strong></span><span class="spacer"></span></td>
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<td><img src="../../../images/x.gif" alt="" width="320" height="1"><br>
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<font class="pophead">Innovators</font><br><br><!-----SECTION HEADING HERE---->
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<!------------BEGIN VIDEO------------>
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<EMBED SRC="video/video2.mov" WIDTH=320 HEIGHT=255 AUTOSTART=false CONTROLLER=true PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/"></embed>
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<br><font class="searchcopysm"><a href="video2.html#transcript">Read Transcript</a> | <a href="menu-video.html">Back to Menu</a></font><br><br>
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<!------------END VIDEO------------>
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<font class="popcopy">
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If you don't see the movie playing,
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<a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target=_new>Download Quicktime 5</a>
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</font><br><br>
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<font class="pophead"><!------HEADING HERE------>
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Leonard Kleinrock</font><br>
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<font class="popcopy"><!------TEXT HERE------>
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Computer scientist Leonard Kleinrock (1934-) played
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a key role in the development of the Internet. He
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developed the theory behind packet-switching, and
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his laboratory at UCLA was the home of the first node
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of the ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet.</font><br><br>
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<table cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#cccccc">
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<font class="popcopy"><!------TRANSCRIPT HERE------>
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<a name="transcript">Transcript:</a><br>
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The way I came to work on packet switching was
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rather interesting. I was a Ph.D. student at M.I.T.
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looking for a research project, and I was surrounded
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by computers. And it was clear to me that not long
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from then they would have to talk to each other. And
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there was no adequate technology to let computers
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talk to each other. The problem was if you used a
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telephone network you would tie up a telephone line
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100% of the time to send data 1% of the time. When
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we are speaking on a telephone conversation we're
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silent about 30% of the time, that's OK. When you're
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sending data you're silent more than 99% of the time
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and its too expensive, to use a dedicated
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communication resource that way. So I realized what
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you have to do is find a way to share that expensive
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data communication line or telephone communication
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line to send data. And the way to do that was not to
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set up a connection but to let many data
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conversations share this communications line at the
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same time. The key idea was what I like to call
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resource sharing: we're going to share that line.
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That's the fundamental breakthrough for data
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networks. Packet switching is an example it's a
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manifestation of resource sharing. But there are many
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other ways in which you could share: store and
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forward is one, polling is another, various forms of
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time share are a third. So that packet switching
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happened to be the technology that caught on but the
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reason packet switching was so valuable was
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because many people could share the
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communications line at the same time. And the line
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would not be there waiting for data which was not yet
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there. So if I have something to send I'm going to join
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the queue and send it as soon as it gets ahead of the
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queue. And that line which serves the queue will take
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whatever is available to be sent.</font></td>
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</tr><tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"></td></tr></table><br>
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<!-------BEGIN PREV / NEXT--------->
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<a href="menu-video.html"><img src="../../../images/pop-backtomenu.gif" border="0"></a>
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<!-------END PREV / NEXT--------->
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<!-------END PREV / NEXT--------->
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</table>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<!-------END ENTRY---------->
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</table><br>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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<hr/>
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<div id="archivemeta">
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<strong>First published: </strong>23 October 2001<br/><strong>Last updated: </strong>11 August 2009<br/><strong>Date Archived: </strong>04 January 2012<br/><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/viewMeta.pl?url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive//20120104/onceandfutureweb/database/seca/case5-artifacts/video2.html&description=full" onclick="javascript:openPopup('http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/viewMeta.pl?url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive//20120104/onceandfutureweb/database/seca/case5-artifacts/video2.html&description=full'); return false;"><strong>Metadata</strong></a> | <strong> <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/permlevels.html"onclick="javascript:openPopup('http://www.nlm.nih.gov/permlevels.html'); return false;">Permanence level</a>: </strong>Permanent: Stable Content<br/>
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<p> </p>
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<p> </p>
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<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="archeader">
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<tr id="breadcrumb" >
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<td colspan="5"><span id="arccontainerfooter">Home > <strong>NLM Archives</strong> > </span> <span id="disclaimerfooter"><strong>Document content is not current. Links may be broken.</strong></span><span class="spacer"></span></td>
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