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</div><div><span>Electronystagmography</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Electronystagmography</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Electronystagmography is a test that looks at eye movements to see how well nerves in the brain are working. These nerves are:</p><ul><li>Vestibular nerve (eighth cranial nerve), which runs from the brain to the ears</li><li>Oculomotor nerve, which controls eye movement</li><li>Trochlear and abducens nerves, which run from the brain to the eyes</li></ul></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Patches called electrodes are placed above, below, and on each side of your eyes. They may be sticky patches or attached to a headband. Another patch is attached to the forehead.</p><p>The health care provider will spray cold water or air into each ear canal at separate times. The patches record eye movements that occur when the inner ear and nearby nerves are stimulated by the water or air. When cold water enters the ear, you should have rapid, side-to-side eye movements called nystagmus.</p><p>Next, warm water or air is placed into the ear. The eyes should now move rapidly toward the warm water then slowly away.</p><p>You may also be asked to use your eyes to track objects, such as flashing lights or moving lines.</p><p>The test takes about 90 minutes.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Most of the time, you do not need to take special steps before this test.</p><ul><li>Your provider will tell you if you need to stop taking any medicines before you have this test.</li><li>DO NOT stop or change your medicines without talking to your provider first.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>You may feel discomfort due to cold water in the ear. During the test, you may have:</p><ul><li>Nausea or vomiting</li><li>Brief dizziness (vertigo)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The test is used to determine whether a balance or nerve disorder is the cause of dizziness or vertigo.</p><p>You may have this test if you have:</p><ul><li>Dizziness or vertigo</li><li>Hearing loss</li><li>Possible damage to the inner ear from certain medicines </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Certain eye movements should occur after the warm or cold water or air is placed into your ears.</p><p>Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Abnormal results may be a sign of damage to the nerve of the inner ear or other parts of the brain that control eye movements.</p><p>Any disease or injury that damages the acoustic nerve can cause vertigo. This may include:</p><ul><li>Blood vessel disorders with bleeding (hemorrhage), clots, or <a test="test" href="./000171.htm">atherosclerosis</a> of the blood supply of the ear</li><li><a test="test" href="./001050.htm">Cholesteatoma</a> and other <a test="test" href="./001033.htm">ear tumors</a></li><li>Congenital disorders</li><li>Injury</li><li>Medicines that are toxic to the ear nerves, including aminoglycoside antibiotics, some antimalarial drugs, loop diuretics, and salicylates</li><li>Multiple sclerosis</li><li>Movement disorders such as progressive supranuclear palsy</li><li><a test="test" href="./001574.htm">Rubella</a></li><li>Some poisons </li></ul><p>Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000778.htm">Acoustic neuroma</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001420.htm">Benign positional vertigo</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001054.htm">Labyrinthitis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000702.htm">Meniere disease</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Rarely, too much water pressure inside the ear can injure your ear drum if there has been previous damage. The water part of this test should not be done if your eardrum has been perforated recently.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Electronystagmography is very useful because it can record movements behind closed eyelids or with the head in many positions.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>ENG</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Deluca GC, Griggs RC. Approach to the patient with neurologic disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine</em>. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 368.</p><p>Wackym PA. Neurotology. In: Winn HR, ed. <em>Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 16.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 4/29/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Joseph V. Campellone, MD, Department of Neurology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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