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<meta name="keywords" content="C1837388, abnormal pattern of respiration, abnormal respiratory patterns, finding, unusual breathing patterns, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="An anomaly of the rhythm or depth of breathing." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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||
UID=332433
|
||
ConceptID=C1837388
|
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-->
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<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Abnormal pattern of respiration</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332433</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1837388</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
|
||
<td>Abnormal respiratory patterns</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0002793">HP:0002793</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">An anomaly of the rhythm or depth of breathing. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
|
||
</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C1837388[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=332433">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=332433" ref="ncbi_uid=332433">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Abnormal pattern of respiration</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/866322" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the respiratory system">Abnormality of the respiratory system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/220360" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal respiratory system physiology">Abnormal respiratory system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Abnormal pattern of respiration</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2009" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Apnea">Apnea</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/473179" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Apnea of prematurity">Apnea of prematurity</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/814310" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Apneic episodes in infancy">Apneic episodes in infancy</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812792" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Apneic episodes precipitated by illness, fatigue, stress">Apneic episodes precipitated by illness, fatigue, stress</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/854403" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Central apnea">Central apnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/141741" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Neonatal apneic attack">Neonatal apneic attack</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/11458" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sleep apnea">Sleep apnea</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/99249" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Apnea, central sleep">Apnea, central sleep</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/101045" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome">Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871194" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Sudden episodic apnea">Sudden episodic apnea</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/66670" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bradypnea">Bradypnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1052602" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Breath-holding spell">Breath-holding spell</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3359" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Cheyne-Stokes respiration">Cheyne-Stokes respiration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3938" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Dyspnea">Dyspnea</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1802902" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bendopnea">Bendopnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/68549" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Exertional dyspnea">Exertional dyspnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/508348" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Orthopnea">Orthopnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/41682" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Paroxysmal dyspnea">Paroxysmal dyspnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/408332" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea">Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/636259" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Platypnea">Platypnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/96907" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory distress">Respiratory distress</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/677109" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Acute respiratory distress">Acute respiratory distress</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/336821" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Episodic respiratory distress">Episodic respiratory distress</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/98415" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intercostal retractions">Intercostal retractions</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/124453" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nasal flaring">Nasal flaring</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/542564" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Perinatal Respiratory Distress">Perinatal Respiratory Distress</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1388912" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Rest dyspnea">Rest dyspnea</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1863427" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Habitual mouth breathing">Habitual mouth breathing</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/9377" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hyperventilation">Hyperventilation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/321811" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intermittent hyperventilation">Intermittent hyperventilation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/870644" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intermittent hyperpnea at rest">Intermittent hyperpnea at rest</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1411" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Respiratory alkalosis">Respiratory alkalosis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/536410" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypopnea">Hypopnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/469022" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Hypoventilation">Hypoventilation</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812169" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Central hypoventilation">Central hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375548" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Episodic hypoventilation">Episodic hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/18472" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Extreme obesity with alveolar hypoventilation">Extreme obesity with alveolar hypoventilation</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/375246" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Nocturnal hypoventilation">Nocturnal hypoventilation</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/452504" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Irregular respiration">Irregular respiration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1625230" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Night gasping">Night gasping</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/534076" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Paradoxical respiration">Paradoxical respiration</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/66669" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Tachypnea">Tachypnea</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/812548" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Episodic tachypnea">Episodic tachypnea</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/452136" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Transitory tachypnea of newborn">Transitory tachypnea of newborn</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_332428"><div><strong>Sudden infant death-dysgenesis of the testes syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>332428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1837371</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Sudden infant death with dysgenesis of the testes syndrome (SIDDT) is characterized by sudden cardiac or respiratory arrest, disordered testicular development, and neurologic dysfunction, and is uniformly fatal before 1 year of age (Slater et al., 2020).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/332428">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_419518"><div><strong>Leigh syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>419518</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2931891</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Leigh syndrome is a clinical diagnosis based primarily on characteristic brain imaging findings associated with progressive and severe neurodegenerative features with onset within the first months or years of life, sometimes resulting in early death. Affected individuals usually show global developmental delay or developmental regression, hypotonia, ataxia, dystonia, and ophthalmologic abnormalities, such as nystagmus or optic atrophy. The neurologic features are associated with the classic findings of T2-weighted hyperintensities in the basal ganglia and/or brainstem on brain imaging. Leigh syndrome can also have detrimental multisystemic affects on the cardiac, hepatic, gastrointestinal, and renal organs. Biochemical studies in patients with Leigh syndrome tend to show increased lactate and abnormalities of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (summary by Lake et al., 2015). Genetic Heterogeneity of Nuclear Leigh Syndrome Leigh syndrome is a presentation of numerous genetic disorders resulting from defects in the mitochondrial OXPHOS complex. Accordingly, the genes implicated in Leigh syndrome most commonly encode structural subunits of the OXPHOS complex or proteins required for their assembly, stability, and activity. Mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes have been identified. For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of mitochondrial Leigh syndrome, see MILS (500017). Nuclear Leigh syndrome can be caused by mutations in nuclear-encoded genes involved in any of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes: complex I deficiency (see 252010), complex II deficiency (see 252011), complex III deficiency (see 124000), complex IV deficiency (cytochrome c oxidase; see 220110), and complex V deficiency (see 604273) (summary by Lake et al., 2015). Some forms of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency (COXPD) can present as Leigh syndrome (see, e.g., 617664). Leigh syndrome may also be caused by mutations in components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (e.g., DLD, 238331 and PDHA1, 300502). Deficiency of coenzyme Q10 (607426) can present as Leigh syndrome.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/419518">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1762595"><div><strong>Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1762595</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5436892</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome (LESKRES) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay with intellectual disability and speech and language delay apparent from infancy or early childhood. The severity of the disorder is highly variable: some patients have mildly delayed walking and mild cognitive deficits, whereas others are nonambulatory and nonverbal. Most have behavioral disorders. Additional features, including seizures, hypotonia, gait abnormalities, visual defects, cardiac defects, and nonspecific dysmorphic facial features, may also be present (summary by Lessel et al., 2020).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1762595">Condition Record</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_419518" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Leigh syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1762595" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome</a></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_332428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sudden infant death-dysgenesis of the testes syndrome</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37933125">Update on Management and Outcomes of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wild KT,
|
||
Hedrick HL,
|
||
Ades AM,
|
||
Fraga MV,
|
||
Avitabile CM,
|
||
Gebb JS,
|
||
Oliver ER,
|
||
Coletti K,
|
||
Kesler EM,
|
||
Van Hoose KT,
|
||
Panitch HB,
|
||
Johng S,
|
||
Ebbert RP,
|
||
Herkert LM,
|
||
Hoffman C,
|
||
Ruble D,
|
||
Flohr S,
|
||
Reynolds T,
|
||
Duran M,
|
||
Foster A,
|
||
Isserman RS,
|
||
Partridge EA,
|
||
Rintoul NE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Intensive Care Med</span>
|
||
2024 Dec;39(12):1175-1193.
|
||
Epub 2023 Nov 6
|
||
doi: 10.1177/08850666231212874.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37933125" target="_blank">37933125</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29627509">Neuroimaging findings as predictors of treatment outcome of psychotherapy in anxiety disorders.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Santos VA,
|
||
Carvalho DD,
|
||
Van Ameringen M,
|
||
Nardi AE,
|
||
Freire RC</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry</span>
|
||
2019 Apr 20;91:60-71.
|
||
Epub 2018 Apr 5
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.001.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29627509" target="_blank">29627509</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25851549">Scorpion-related cardiomyopathy: Clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Abroug F,
|
||
Souheil E,
|
||
Ouanes I,
|
||
Dachraoui F,
|
||
Fekih-Hassen M,
|
||
Ouanes Besbes L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Toxicol (Phila)</span>
|
||
2015 Jul;53(6):511-8.
|
||
Epub 2015 Apr 8
|
||
doi: 10.3109/15563650.2015.1030676.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25851549" target="_blank">25851549</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (41)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37473988">Etiology and Mechanism of Intermittent Hypoxemia Episodes in Spontaneously Breathing Extremely Premature Infants.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dormishian A,
|
||
Schott A,
|
||
Aguilar AC,
|
||
Jimenez V,
|
||
Bancalari E,
|
||
Tolosa J,
|
||
Claure N</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
|
||
2023 Nov;262:113623.
|
||
Epub 2023 Jul 18
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113623.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37473988" target="_blank">37473988</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10794559" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29050661">The Olin EILOBI Breathing Techniques: Description and Initial Case Series of Novel Respiratory Retraining Strategies for Athletes with Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Johnston KL,
|
||
Bradford H,
|
||
Hodges H,
|
||
Moore CM,
|
||
Nauman E,
|
||
Olin JT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Voice</span>
|
||
2018 Nov;32(6):698-704.
|
||
Epub 2017 Oct 16
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.08.020.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29050661" target="_blank">29050661</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27581828">Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boulding R,
|
||
Stacey R,
|
||
Niven R,
|
||
Fowler SJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir Rev</span>
|
||
2016 Sep;25(141):287-94.
|
||
doi: 10.1183/16000617.0088-2015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27581828" target="_blank">27581828</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9487208" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26274445">Mosaic Attenuation: Etiology, Methods of Differentiation, and Pitfalls.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kligerman SJ,
|
||
Henry T,
|
||
Lin CT,
|
||
Franks TJ,
|
||
Galvin JR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiographics</span>
|
||
2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):1360-80.
|
||
Epub 2015 Aug 14
|
||
doi: 10.1148/rg.2015140308.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26274445" target="_blank">26274445</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/377552">Smoking during pregnancy.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Landesman-Dwyer S,
|
||
Emanuel I</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Teratology</span>
|
||
1979 Feb;19(1):119-25.
|
||
doi: 10.1002/tera.1420190116.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/377552" target="_blank">377552</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (732)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39471219">COX15 deficiency causes oocyte ferroptosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhang Z,
|
||
Yu R,
|
||
Shi Q,
|
||
Wu ZJ,
|
||
Li Q,
|
||
Mu J,
|
||
Chen B,
|
||
Shi J,
|
||
Ni R,
|
||
Wu L,
|
||
Li Q,
|
||
Fu J,
|
||
Li R,
|
||
Sun X,
|
||
Wang J,
|
||
He L,
|
||
Kuang Y,
|
||
Sang Q,
|
||
Wang L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</span>
|
||
2024 Nov 5;121(45):e2406174121.
|
||
Epub 2024 Oct 29
|
||
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2406174121.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39471219" target="_blank">39471219</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11551447" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38703861">Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frye RE,
|
||
Rincon N,
|
||
McCarty PJ,
|
||
Brister D,
|
||
Scheck AC,
|
||
Rossignol DA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurobiol Dis</span>
|
||
2024 Jul;197:106520.
|
||
Epub 2024 May 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106520.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38703861" target="_blank">38703861</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27581828">Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boulding R,
|
||
Stacey R,
|
||
Niven R,
|
||
Fowler SJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir Rev</span>
|
||
2016 Sep;25(141):287-94.
|
||
doi: 10.1183/16000617.0088-2015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27581828" target="_blank">27581828</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9487208" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26274445">Mosaic Attenuation: Etiology, Methods of Differentiation, and Pitfalls.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kligerman SJ,
|
||
Henry T,
|
||
Lin CT,
|
||
Franks TJ,
|
||
Galvin JR</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiographics</span>
|
||
2015 Sep-Oct;35(5):1360-80.
|
||
Epub 2015 Aug 14
|
||
doi: 10.1148/rg.2015140308.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26274445" target="_blank">26274445</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4867297">Cluttering.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weiss DA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Folia Phoniatr (Basel)</span>
|
||
1967;19(4):233-63.
|
||
doi: 10.1159/000263150.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4867297" target="_blank">4867297</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (577)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34823165">Nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnancy and infant respiratory outcomes.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bednarczuk N,
|
||
Williams EE,
|
||
Dassios T,
|
||
Greenough A</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Early Hum Dev</span>
|
||
2022 Jan;164:105509.
|
||
Epub 2021 Nov 20
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105509.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34823165" target="_blank">34823165</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34548132">Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and COVID-19 Lung Injury.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Swenson KE,
|
||
Swenson ER</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Crit Care Clin</span>
|
||
2021 Oct;37(4):749-776.
|
||
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29884256">Servo-Ventilation Therapy for Sleep-Disordered Breathing.</a></div>
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Arzt M,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26472248">Short and long term health effects of parental tobacco smoking during pregnancy and lactation: a descriptive review.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Banderali G,
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Martelli A,
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Landi M,
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Moretti F,
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Radaelli G,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12472328">Paresis acquired in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter study.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">De Jonghe B,
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Sharshar T,
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Boussarsar M,
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Cerf C,
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Renaud E,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38703861">Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
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Rincon N,
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Brister D,
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Rossignol DA</span><br />
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38703861" target="_blank">38703861</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34893086">The IRF2/CENP-N/AKT signaling axis promotes proliferation, cell cycling and apoptosis resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by increasing aerobic glycolysis.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Qi CL,
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Huang ML,
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Kong YG,
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34893086" target="_blank">34893086</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8662847" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29229093">Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A review of pathogenesis and pathophysiology.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kalikkot Thekkeveedu R,
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2017 Nov;132:170-177.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27581828">Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boulding R,
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Stacey R,
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Niven R,
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27581828" target="_blank">27581828</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9487208" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12472328">Paresis acquired in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">De Jonghe B,
|
||
Sharshar T,
|
||
Lefaucheur JP,
|
||
Authier FJ,
|
||
Durand-Zaleski I,
|
||
Boussarsar M,
|
||
Cerf C,
|
||
Renaud E,
|
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Mesrati F,
|
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Carlet J,
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||
Raphaël JC,
|
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Outin H,
|
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Bastuji-Garin S;
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||
Groupe de Réflexion et d'Etude des Neuromyopathies en Réanimation</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
|
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2002 Dec 11;288(22):2859-67.
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doi: 10.1001/jama.288.22.2859.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12472328" target="_blank">12472328</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (396)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38703861">Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frye RE,
|
||
Rincon N,
|
||
McCarty PJ,
|
||
Brister D,
|
||
Scheck AC,
|
||
Rossignol DA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurobiol Dis</span>
|
||
2024 Jul;197:106520.
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||
Epub 2024 May 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106520.
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||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38703861" target="_blank">38703861</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34823165">Nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnancy and infant respiratory outcomes.</a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bednarczuk N,
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Williams EE,
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Dassios T,
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Greenough A</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Early Hum Dev</span>
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2022 Jan;164:105509.
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Epub 2021 Nov 20
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doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105509.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34823165" target="_blank">34823165</a></div>
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||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34493832">Vital signs as physiomarkers of neonatal sepsis.</a></div>
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||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sullivan BA,
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Fairchild KD</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Res</span>
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2022 Jan;91(2):273-282.
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Epub 2021 Sep 7
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doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01709-x.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34493832" target="_blank">34493832</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27581828">Dysfunctional breathing: a review of the literature and proposal for classification.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Boulding R,
|
||
Stacey R,
|
||
Niven R,
|
||
Fowler SJ</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Respir Rev</span>
|
||
2016 Sep;25(141):287-94.
|
||
doi: 10.1183/16000617.0088-2015.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27581828" target="_blank">27581828</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9487208" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25704384">The clinical significance of hypoxia in human cancers.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dhani N,
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Fyles A,
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Hedley D,
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Milosevic M</span><br />
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2015 Mar;45(2):110-21.
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doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.11.002.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25704384" target="_blank">25704384</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (588)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38703861">Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Frye RE,
|
||
Rincon N,
|
||
McCarty PJ,
|
||
Brister D,
|
||
Scheck AC,
|
||
Rossignol DA</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Neurobiol Dis</span>
|
||
2024 Jul;197:106520.
|
||
Epub 2024 May 3
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106520.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38703861" target="_blank">38703861</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32726868">Predictors of adverse prognosis in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Figliozzi S,
|
||
Masci PG,
|
||
Ahmadi N,
|
||
Tondi L,
|
||
Koutli E,
|
||
Aimo A,
|
||
Stamatelopoulos K,
|
||
Dimopoulos MA,
|
||
Caforio ALP,
|
||
Georgiopoulos G</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur J Clin Invest</span>
|
||
2020 Oct;50(10):e13362.
|
||
Epub 2020 Aug 27
|
||
doi: 10.1111/eci.13362.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32726868" target="_blank">32726868</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31330221">Symptoms and perception of airway obstruction in asthmatic patients: Clinical implications for use of reliever medications.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Barnes PJ,
|
||
Szefler SJ,
|
||
Reddel HK,
|
||
Chipps BE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Allergy Clin Immunol</span>
|
||
2019 Nov;144(5):1180-1186.
|
||
Epub 2019 Jul 19
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.06.040.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31330221" target="_blank">31330221</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26995563">Quality of life of individuals born preterm: a systematic review of assessment approaches.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vieira ME,
|
||
Linhares MB</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Qual Life Res</span>
|
||
2016 Sep;25(9):2123-39.
|
||
Epub 2016 Mar 19
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s11136-016-1259-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26995563" target="_blank">26995563</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26472248">Short and long term health effects of parental tobacco smoking during pregnancy and lactation: a descriptive review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Banderali G,
|
||
Martelli A,
|
||
Landi M,
|
||
Moretti F,
|
||
Betti F,
|
||
Radaelli G,
|
||
Lassandro C,
|
||
Verduci E</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Transl Med</span>
|
||
2015 Oct 15;13:327.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s12967-015-0690-y.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26472248" target="_blank">26472248</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4608184" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (10)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
||
<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
|
||
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
|
||
|
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<div>
|
||
|
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837388%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (12)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837388%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (12)</a></li>
|
||
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1837388%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (12)</a></total></li>
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</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Abnormal%20pattern%20of%20respiration" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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