nih-gov/www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06
2025-03-17 02:05:34 +00:00

2063 lines
243 KiB
Text
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# ">
<head>
<!-- ~~~Beginning of header meta (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
<meta charset="utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1134471559",accountID:"2110789",trustKey:"26315",xpid:"VgcGUVFbARABVFBVAQQBVVIA",licenseKey:"be99a44193",applicationID:"1017656361"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.283.2.min.js.LICENSE.txt */
(()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(3333);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.283.2",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9414:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{J:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(2646),o=r(944),a=r(3434);const s=new Map;function c(e,t,r,c){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,o.R)(29);const u=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("logger")}(e),d=(0,a.YM)(u),l=new i.y(n.P);l.level=c.level,l.customAttributes=c.customAttributes;const f=t[r]?.[a.Jt]||t[r];return s.set(f,l),d.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>s.get(f))),u}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3,c=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={MARKS:"experimental.marks",MEASURES:"experimental.measures",RESOURCES:"experimental.resources"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,TZ:()=>s,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log",s=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(8154),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>c,Qu:()=>u,TZ:()=>s,ih:()=>d,pP:()=>a,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit","popstate"],o="api",a="initialPageLoad",s=n.K7.softNav,c={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},u={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},d={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>T,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>E,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",E="cb"+R,A="jsTime",T="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},8969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>O});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(8154),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(9414);function x(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var A=r(9417),T=r(5603),N=r(5284);const S=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let _=!1;function O(e,t={},g,O){let{init:I,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();P||(I=L.init,P=L.info,j=L.loader_config),(0,A.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,I||{}),(0,T.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const H=(0,A.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),M=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];_||(H.proxy.assets&&(S(H.proxy.assets),M.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&M.push(H.proxy.beacon),x(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",N.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?M:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var x=s.ee.get(e),A=x.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,x.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var T="api-",N=T+"ixn-";function S(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(T,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function _(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,w.R)(x,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,R.J)(x,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(T,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(T,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.recordCustomEvent=I(T,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(T,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return S(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),x.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new _).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const O=_.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),h||(0,a.p)(N+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,x),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,x),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),x.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{O[e]=I(N,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(N,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(T,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,x)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,O,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),_=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.283.2.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.283.2.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-2oN05BjxuObKuOX8E0vq/zS51M+2HokmNPBRUrIC1fw3hpJqoI18/nckSFiqV11KxT7ag3C+FunKrR8n0PD9Ig==",249:"sha512-Zs5nIHr/khH6G8IhAEdnngg+P7y/IfmjU0PQmXABpCEtSTeKV22OYdaa9lENrW9uxI0lZ6O5e5dCnEMsTS0onA==",212:"sha512-LPKde7A1ZxIHzoSqWKxn5uWVhM9u76Vtmp9DMBf+Ry3mnn2jpsfyfigMYD5Yka2RG3NeIBqOwNYuPrWL39qn6w=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(8969);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),E=i(2843),A=i(3878),T=i(782),N=i(1863);class S extends b{static featureName=T.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var _=i(8154);class O extends b{static featureName=_.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class M extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,N.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,N.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,N.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var D=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,D.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===p.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",J=Y+"body-",X=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,X.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,J),r(ee[te],e,J)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){E(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,N.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,N.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,N.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,N.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,N.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,N.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,N.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,N.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):E(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function E(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(_.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Ee,Lc:Ae,uP:Te,Rz:Ne}=be;class Se extends b{static featureName=Ee;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ee,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Te,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,N.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,N.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Ne+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,N.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Ne+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var _e=i(2614);class Oe extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(_e.H3,"_").concat(_e.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee,agentRef:this.#o}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(_e.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=_e.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=_e.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,N.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var je=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function Me(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const De={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(De[t.debugId]++)return t;De[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Je,wW:Xe,e5:$e,tH:Qe,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=je;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=Me(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,N.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,N.t)();this[$e]=~~this[$e]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,N.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Xe,m),o.on(Xe,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([Qe+Ze,Qe+"-done",Qe+Je+Ze,Qe+Je+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Xe,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,Qe+Ze),v(d,Qe+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(p.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>{const t=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),500,{leading:!0});(0,A.sp)(e,t)}))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&p.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,x.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785),ct=i(9414);class ut extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"log",{level:"info"}),(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"error",{level:"error"}),(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"warn",{level:"warn"}),(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"info",{level:"info"}),(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"debug",{level:"debug"}),(0,ct.J)(r,p.gm.console,"trace",{level:"trace"}),this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,S,Se,Oe,O,M,ot,ut,Pe,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script>
<script>document.cookie = "big_pipe_nojs=1; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"</script>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences" />
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06" />
<meta property="og:title" content="PEPH Newsletter" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="PEPH Newsletter" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@NIEHS" />
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@NIEHS" />
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="dr2u0MtH4KYEo1w6QJcYufbRXNB2bv32B3RriNRD32Q" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta property="contentId" content="101851" />
<meta name="lastModDate" content="2025-02-27 12:00:00" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/img_mobile938758.png" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/img_mobile938758.png" />
<meta name="twitter:alt" content="Partnership for Environmental Public Health (PEPH)" />
<link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<!-- ~~~End of header meta (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
<!-- ~~~Beginning of page assets (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
<title>PEPH Newsletter | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_SjQM85Q1CuD6Luo1LIRzKskBHlXEyjjXpoW7s4aeSpU.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtz2tuAyEMBOALseFIK8NOFiLAyANK0tM3yappKvWf_WnkRyxC3n0QwsWjriBlB11Ug99sdiknucjtgKZWpeQvuLPqaDpA_65cy0hcn-NeKKHg064Ii4E6Lb7DsdLj2rlEftJeNEhZotaq7R9_hLuY7CY98efMXznN1mcomQmb450D9fhypNk2GCEWk__TrTKHPhb2goG15GBiGfwG8OZybA" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://seek.niehs.nih.gov/common/css/jquery-ui-themes-1.13.1/redmond/jquery-ui.min.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_0IwoJAYoXZd-Y8QVlWOE1RuG6oynRDmwytgL7lBU0k8.css?delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtz2tuAyEMBOALseFIK8NOFiLAyANK0tM3yappKvWf_WnkRyxC3n0QwsWjriBlB11Ug99sdiknucjtgKZWpeQvuLPqaDpA_65cy0hcn-NeKKHg064Ii4E6Lb7DsdLj2rlEftJeNEhZotaq7R9_hLuY7CY98efMXznN1mcomQmb450D9fhypNk2GCEWk__TrTKHPhb2goG15GBiGfwG8OZybA" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_uoO4lpt7FZdyWs6Tzx2oHrVYMpYDJ0H8zx3HuFAAjVg.css?delta=3&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtz2tuAyEMBOALseFIK8NOFiLAyANK0tM3yappKvWf_WnkRyxC3n0QwsWjriBlB11Ug99sdiknucjtgKZWpeQvuLPqaDpA_65cy0hcn-NeKKHg064Ii4E6Lb7DsdLj2rlEftJeNEhZotaq7R9_hLuY7CY98efMXznN1mcomQmb450D9fhypNk2GCEWk__TrTKHPhb2goG15GBiGfwG8OZybA" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_oThbMhsrI8uXoF9npRpLzzFiQxKDDq1itj_Yp6Xqq4c.css?delta=4&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtz2tuAyEMBOALseFIK8NOFiLAyANK0tM3yappKvWf_WnkRyxC3n0QwsWjriBlB11Ug99sdiknucjtgKZWpeQvuLPqaDpA_65cy0hcn-NeKKHg064Ii4E6Lb7DsdLj2rlEftJeNEhZotaq7R9_hLuY7CY98efMXznN1mcomQmb450D9fhypNk2GCEWk__TrTKHPhb2goG15GBiGfwG8OZybA" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_Z6TwTU3cDWGefuc-gDdP7njDnOaa8_fk6nQB0BO1vgY.css?delta=5&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtz2tuAyEMBOALseFIK8NOFiLAyANK0tM3yappKvWf_WnkRyxC3n0QwsWjriBlB11Ug99sdiknucjtgKZWpeQvuLPqaDpA_65cy0hcn-NeKKHg064Ii4E6Lb7DsdLj2rlEftJeNEhZotaq7R9_hLuY7CY98efMXznN1mcomQmb450D9fhypNk2GCEWk__TrTKHPhb2goG15GBiGfwG8OZybA" />
<script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/101851","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","gtag":{"tagId":"","consentMode":false,"otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxtkVFuAyEMRC8E4UjIsC7QGIxsaJqevqSbbpOoP8jzxpLHJhKoXl0ARRP3uqIqJFQTWdA1lgpUvpY9dXD1rWBWX7FNPwRXw6HVvDGPxgPVHZVJzInQD0guredVn-AdPp9hNUXvYz6KlsHiXoHZ1S32zygIhI_sgsEKKk-JK8JuxKoOL11t1EeUiAOQjVwrt3_4U3Nfh7Ede7Ygo8Rj6MaXRgybp9LOniAgoeynsb-evXn27tmRsaLpIJAEela3yexApz9ymq3PQEUzbkavOrDu_zTybBuKIkjM7kl5mIPXKp1w4AoTBKSgfgP7Rb6U","theme":"niehs_cms","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_classes":false,"allowlist_classes":"google\nnonGooglePixels\nnonGoogleScripts\nnonGoogleIframes","blocklist_classes":"customScripts\ncustomPixels","include_environment":false,"environment_id":"","environment_token":""},"tagIds":["GTM-M2B8CZJ"]},"niehs_environments":{"env":"prod","site":"www"},"niehs_api":{"server":"https:\/\/api.niehs.nih.gov"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"7a66c10930827f2bbdc4c9bffc1d354795353d55054a33750bb1af519f910175"}}</script>
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_2qr4-uP5JR0_9iwgpVN9ko07L15QaoiA40Lgkodgc9c.js?scope=header&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtj-EKwjAMBl9otY9Usu6jrabNaDL18Z1sohv-CdwdhCQualJDK8gaKtoSrAP-yzokkcQIRsmndZz5Qld6HmUdiu4r70WLSfdnMWwUq_rEMhK7KLVK--NVf-RMCW7GnB11K5Gxt0kejYWmwKXdAtMIRt_ecJ_m3s3tzVlGxWB5aRO6gnrM_kCBFpP1qplhWPeOnXqBvgAGFXhZ"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?sslwfq"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?sslwfq"></script>
<!-- ~~~End of page assets (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
</head>
<body data-color-scheme="default" class="path-node page-node-type-peph-article">
<a tabindex="1" id="skip-nav" href="#skip-navigation">Skip Navigation</a>
<div class="addthis_native_toolbox"></div>
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M2B8CZJ"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<div class="site-wrapper dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
<div class="notifications">
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
</div>
<!-- Header starts -->
<header class="page-header">
<div class="usa-banner usa-top-banner-block">
<div class="usa-accordion">
<header class="usa-banner-header">
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
<img alt="U.S. flag" src="/modules/custom/usa_top_banner_block/images/favicon-57.png">
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
<button aria-controls="gov-banner" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button">
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
</button>
</div>
</header>
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-accordion-content usa-closed" id="gov-banner">
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
<img alt="Dot gov" class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="/modules/custom/usa_top_banner_block/images/dot-gov.svg">
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p><strong>The .gov means its official.</strong><br>Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
<img alt="Https" class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="/modules/custom/usa_top_banner_block/images/icon-https.svg">
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p><strong>The site is secure.</strong><br>The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>
<div id="header-wrapper">
<div class="logo-wrapper__container">
<div class="logo-wrapper">
<h1 class="hide">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</h1>
<a class="NIEHS-Logo" href="/">
<picture>
<source media="(min-width: 847px)" srcset="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/niehs-logo.svg">
<source media="(max-width: 846px)" srcset="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/niehs-logo-mobile.svg">
<img src="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/niehs-logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">
</picture>
<!-- <img src="https://dev.niehs.nih.gov/Test/public_site_refresh/app/web-resources/images/niehs-logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"> -->
</a>
<div id="print-logo">
<img class="print-logo" src="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/NIH_NIEHS_Print_logo.gif" alt="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)" width="300" height="56">
</div>
<!-- Search start -->
<div class="desktop-search">
<div class="search-wrapper hide-for-small">
<form method="get" action="/search/thundersearch">
<label for="sitesearch" class="hide" style="display: none">Search NIEHS</label>
<input class="box search queryAutocomplete" placeholder="Search NIEHS" id="sitesearch" title="Search NIEHS" aria-label="Search NIEHS" name="query" onfocus="if(this.value==this.defaultValue) this.value='';" onblur="if(this.value=='') this.value=this.defaultValue;" type="text">
<button placeholder="Search" id="search-btn"><span class="hide-for-508">Search</span></button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<!--Desktop Search end -->
<div id="qrcode" class="injectedbyJS" title="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/?utm_source=qrCode&amp;utm_medium=scan&amp;utm_campaign=QR-www">
<div class="QRCaption">Use this QR code to view the newest version of this document</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- end logo wrapper -->
</div>
<div class="nav-wrapper">
<nav
role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-niehs-cms-niehsmainmenu-menu" id="block-niehs-cms-niehsmainmenu" class="block block-menu navigation menu-- megamenu pre-load">
<h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-niehs-cms-niehsmainmenu-menu">NIEHS main menu</h2>
<ol class="menu accessible-megamenu">
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item health">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: Health &amp; Education">
Health &amp; Education
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-1 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health">Health &amp; Education</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/materials">Brochures &amp; Fact Sheets</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<p>If you are giving a presentation about an environmental health topic or just looking for general information about environmental health research or the institute, this webpage will help.</p>
</div>
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/materials'>Explore Brochures &amp; Fact Sheets</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/materials/request">Request Education Material</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics">Environmental Health Topics</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics'>Explore Environmental Health Topics</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/conditions">Conditions &amp; Diseases</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents">Environmental Agents</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/science">Environmental Health Science Basics</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/glossary">Environmental Health Sciences Glossary</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/nutrition">Nutrition, Health, and Your Environment</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/population">Population Research</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/enfermedades">Temas Sobre Salud Ambiental</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied">Science Education</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied'>Explore Science Education</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/teachers">For Educators</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/scientists">For Scientists</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/students">For Students</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/tours">NIEHS Campus Tours &amp; Information Sessions</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/educationoutreach">Science Education &amp; Outreach</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/scied/speaker">Speakers Bureau</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a href="https://kids.niehs.nih.gov/" class="second-level-link">Kids Environment | Kids Health</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<p>A resource for kids, parents, and teachers to find fun and educational materials related to health, science, and the environment we live in today.</p>
</div>
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://kids.niehs.nih.gov/'>Explore Kids Environment | Kids Health</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">NIEHS is committed to conducting the most rigorous research in environmental health sciences, and to communicating the results of this research to the public.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health">Explore Health &amp; Education</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item research">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: Research">
Research
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-2 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research">Research</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs">At NIEHS</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs'>Explore At NIEHS</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs/labs">Branches &amp; Laboratories</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs/dir">Intramural Research Division</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs/dtt">Translational Toxicology Division</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/atniehs/facilities">Shared and Core Facilities</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/staff/index.cfm?do=main.allScientists" class="level-3-link">All Scientists</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/scientistSearch/laboratories">All Research Groups</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported">Grant Funded</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported'>Explore Grant Funded</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/dert">About the Extramural Research and Training Division</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/centers">Centers, Interagency Collaborations, and Consortia</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/exposure">Environmental Exposure Research</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/epidemiology">Epidemiology Resources</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/health">Health Impacts Research</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/irt">Institutional Research Training</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/training">Researcher-Centered</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/success">Stories of Success</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/timesensitive">Time-Sensitive Research Opportunities in Environmental Health</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational">Translational Science, Outreach, and Education</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/whatsnew">What&#039;s New</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs">Initiatives</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs'>Explore Initiatives</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/disaster">Disaster Research Response (DR2) Program</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/east_palestine">East Palestine (Ohio) Train Derailment Research Response</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/ehlc">Environmental Health Language Collaborative</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/geh">Global Environmental Health</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/jeep">Joint Subcommittee (JSC) on Environment, Innovation, and Public Health (JEEP) </a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/radx">NIH RADx Efforts at NIEHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/pfas">PFAS Research</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/tox21">Tox21</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/translational">Translational Research at NIEHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/wha">Women&#039;s Health Awareness</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/highlights">Research Highlights</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-research-highlights view-id-research_highlights view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-118d8da3c6d8221084bd2ebf238e08144b24a5cc785bd9b7ab5c7064503dd9b0">
<div class="view-content">
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="/research/highlights/detail/highlightid/146506">2024 Road Map for Sequencing RNA and Its Modifications, New NASEM report </a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="/research/highlights/detail/highlightid/146511">Sister Study Turns 20</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="/research/highlights/detail/highlightid/146521">3D Structure of Twinkle Protein </a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="/research/highlights/detail/highlightid/146516">NIEHS Helps Lead Launch of NIH Climate Change and Health Initiative </a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="/research/highlights/detail/highlightid/146361">15th Report on Carcinogens</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources">Resources for Scientists</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources'>Explore Resources for Scientists</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/scientific-data">Scientific Data</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/scientific-data'>Explore Scientific Data</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">NIEHS research uses state-of-the-art science and technology to investigate the interplay between environmental exposures, human biology, genetics, and common diseases to help prevent disease and improve human health.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research">Explore Research</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item funding">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: Funding Opportunities">
Funding Opportunities
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-3 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding">Funding Opportunities</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants">Grants</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants'>Explore Grants</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/announcements">Announcements of Grant Opportunities</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/contacts">Contacts for Applicants</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/instructions">Instructions &amp; Resources</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/mechanisms">Mechanisms &amp; Guidelines</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/priorities">NIEHS-Funded Grants &amp; Priorities</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/grants/review">Peer Review</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/acquisitions">Contracts &amp; Acquisitions</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/acquisitions'>Explore Contracts &amp; Acquisitions</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/acquisitions/bidboard">Acquisitions Bid Board</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding/acquisitions/reaching">Reaching Acquisitions</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">NIEHS provides many opportunities for funding to individual researchers, organizations, and businesses.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/funding">Explore Funding Opportunities</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item careers">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: Careers &amp; Training">
Careers &amp; Training
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-4 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers">Careers &amp; Training</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research">Research Training</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research'>Explore Research Training</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/recruitment">Fellow Recruitment</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/nta">Trainees Assembly</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/fellows">Fellows&#039; Career Development</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/scholars">NIEHS Scholars Connect Program</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/med-students">NIEHS Medical Student Research Fellowships</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/summers">NIH Summer Internship Program</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/postdoc-training">Postdoctoral Training Opportunities in Translational Toxicology</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/research/trainingfrom">Training, Fellowship, and Career Awards</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat">HAZMAT Safety &amp; Training</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat'>Explore HAZMAT Safety &amp; Training</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/about_wetp">About the Worker Training Program (WTP)</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/wetp/" class="level-3-link">Clearinghouse</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/funding">Funding Opportunities</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/events">Meetings &amp; Workshops</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/disaster_response">National Response &amp; Disaster Recovery</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/links">Other Links &amp; Resources</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/accomplishments">Program Highlights</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/state_profiles">State Profiles</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/training_program_areas">Training Program Areas</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/locations">Where We Train</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/awardees">Who We Fund</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/hazmat/trainees">Who We Train</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/jobs">Jobs at NIEHS</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<p>NIEHS has a goal to ensure job opportunities and career enhancements programs for both our work force and our community.</p>
</div>
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers/jobs'>Explore Jobs at NIEHS</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/careers">Explore Careers &amp; Training</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item news">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: News &amp; Events">
News &amp; Events
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-5 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news">News &amp; Events</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/events">Events</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<p>NIEHS sponsors and co-sponsors scientific meetings, conferences, and events throughout the year. These meetings are listed in the NIEHS Events Calendar and are open to the general public.</p>
</div>
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/events'>Explore Events</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/events/careerfair">27th Annual NIEHS Biomedical Career Symposium</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/events/pastmtg">Past Events</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/webcasts">Live Webcasts</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div class="views-element-container"><div class="upcoming-webcasts">
<h3>Webcasts</h3>
<div style='margin-bottom: 1.25rem'>
<p>There are no webcasts currently scheduled.</p>
</div>
<div class="viewMoreButton"><a href="/news/webcasts">Explore Webcasts</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/webcasts/help">Video Support</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom">News Room</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom'>Explore News Room</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom/interviews">Interviews</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/newsreleases">News Releases</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom/photos">Photos &amp; Biographies, B-roll</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/rssfeed">RSS News Feeds</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom/newslist">Subscribe</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/allnewsletters">Newsletters</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/allnewsletters'>Explore Newsletters</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/podcasts">Podcasts</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<p>Download or play NIEHS Health Chat&#039;s with a wide range of experts and topics.</p>
</div>
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/podcasts'>Explore Podcasts</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video">Video</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video'>Explore Video</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/facilities">Core Facilities</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/dr2">Disaster Research Response (DR2)</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/chat">Interviews With Scientists</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/naehsc">NIEHS Council Meetings</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/ntp">National Toxicology Program Videos</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/niehs">Press Events &amp; Ceremonies</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/professional-development">Professional Development</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/scivid">Science &amp; Training Videos</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/science">Scientific Seminars</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/sms">Social Media Shorts</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/wha">Women&#039;s Health Awareness</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/video/worker-protections">Worker Protections</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">Find out about the exciting discoveries being made by NIEHS and NIEHS-supported researchers that are helping to improve health and save lives.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news">Explore News &amp; Events</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
<li class="accessible-megamenu-top-nav-item about">
<h2>
<span tabindex="0" class="trackMe" data-seotracker="Menu: About NIEHS">
About NIEHS
</span>
</h2>
<div class="panel-6 accessible-megamenu-panel" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<ol class="list-level-1">
<li>
<ul class="list-level-2 left">
<li class="landing-page-link">
<span>
<a class="second-level-link " href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about">About NIEHS</a>
</span>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od">Office of the Director</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od'>Explore Office of the Director</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/director">Director</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/deputy">Deputy Director</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/ocpl">Communications &amp; Public Liaison</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/ehp">Environmental Health Perspectives</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/osec">Environmental Science Cyberinfrastructure</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/oit">Information Technology</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/values">NIEHS Values</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/senior-advisor">Senior Advisor to the Director</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od/scope">Strategic Coordination, Planning and Evaluation (SCOPE)</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/orgchart">Organizational Structure</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/orgchart'>Explore Organizational Structure</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/orgchart/om">Management</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/orgchart/staff">Staff Directory</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stratplan">2025-2029 Strategic Plan</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stratplan'>Explore 2025-2029 Strategic Plan</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards">Advisory Boards &amp; Councils</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards'>Explore Advisory Boards &amp; Councils</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/bsc">Board of Scientific Counselors</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/dtt-board">Board of Scientific Counselors, Division of Translational Toxicology</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/cac">Clinical Advisory Committee</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/committee">Environmental Health Sciences Review Committee</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/ibc">Institutional Biosafety Committee</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/boards/naehsc">National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences Council</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/community">Community Involvement</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/community'>Explore Community Involvement</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/community/communityforums">Community Forums</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/community/donations">Donations to NIEHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/community/publicinterest">NIEHS Partners</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/congress">Congress</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/congress'>Explore Congress</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/congress/justification">Congressional Justification</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/congress/bennett">Legislative Liaison</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/congress/publiclaws">Public Laws</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship">Environmental Stewardship</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship'>Explore Environmental Stewardship</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship/lake">About Discovery Lake</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship/initiatives">Environmental Management Programs</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship/faq">Environmental Management System Frequently Asked Questions</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/stewardship/environmental-policy">Environmental Policy Statement</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/foia">Freedom of Information Act</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/foia'>Explore Freedom of Information Act</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history">History</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history'>Explore History</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history/timeline">Milestones Timeline</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history/anniversary">NIEHS 50th Anniversary</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history/podcasts">NIH Office of History - NIEHS Interviews</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history/papers">Papers of the Year</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/history/pastdirectors">Past Directors and Nobel Laureate</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li tabindex="0" class="accessible-megamenu-panel-group">
<a class="second-level-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/visiting">Visiting NIEHS</a>
<div class="list-level-3 third-level" aria-expanded="false" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true" style=""></i>
<div class="nav-feature">
<div class="third-level-content">
<div>
<a class="viewMoreButton" href='https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/visiting'>Explore Visiting NIEHS</a>
</div>
<ul class="link-container">
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/visiting/scooter">Scooters for the Disabled</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/visiting/delivery">Shipping and Delivery Information</a>
</li>
<li>
<a tabindex="0" class="level-3-link" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/visiting/well">WELL Building Health &amp; Safety Rating</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="level2MenuSpacer"></div>
<div class="megaMenuLandingContent">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<div class="megaMenuText">
<div class="summary-text">
<div class="rxbodyfield">The mission of the NIEHS is to research how the environment affects biological systems across the lifespan and to translate this knowledge to reduce disease and promote human health.</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/about">Explore About NIEHS</a>
<span class="smallBackgroundImage"></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="mobile-nav-wrapper">
<div class="mobile-bar hide-for-large">
<h2 class="hover">Your Environment. Your Health.</h2>
<div class="responsive-menu--right-buttons accessible-megamenu-panel open" id="accessible-megamenu-1516297191073-2" role="region" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false">
<div tabindex="0" role="button" class="mobile-search-button mobile-icon"></div>
<div tabindex="0" role="button" class="mobile-menu-button mobile-icon"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mobile-search closeSearch">
<div class="search-wrapper show-for-small">
<form method="get" action="/search/thundersearch">
<label for="sitesearchmobile" class="sweep-it-under-the-rug">Search NIEHS</label>
<input class="box queryAutocomplete" id="sitesearchmobile" name="query" title="Site Search Mobile" aria-label="Site Search Mobile" onfocus="if(this.value==this.defaultValue) this.value='';" onblur="if(this.value=='') this.value=this.defaultValue;" type="text">
<button type="submit" placeholder="Search" id="search-btn2" value="submit" aria-label="submit">submit</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<nav id="mobileMenu" class="closeMenu" style="display:none;">
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<!-- Header ends -->
<div class="content-page peph">
<div id="fb-root" class="fb-reset fb_reset">
<div style="position: absolute; top: -10000px; width: 0px; height: 0px;">
<div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="content-header">
<div class="content-header--background-title research">
<div class="page-title-wrapper">
<h4>
<a href="/research/supported/translational/peph/">Partnerships for Environmental Public Health</a>
</h4>
<h2>PEPH Newsletter</h2>
<div class="picture-container">
<picture><img src="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/PEPH-Cover-image-reduced.png" alt="peph news default image"></picture>
</div>
<p>Volume 13, Issue 6: June 2022</p>
<div class="peph-header-icon_wrapper">
<span class="peph-header-icon past-issue">
<a href="/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/all-issues">All Issues</a>
</span>
<span class="peph-header-icon subscribe">
<a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIHNIEHS/signup/34166">Subscribe</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="content-header--page-nav">
<div class="mobile-menu-js display-none">Menu</div>
<ul class="page-nav_container shadow-right">
<li class="page-nav_line-item">
<a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--1" href="#step1">
<span>Articles</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-nav_line-item">
<a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--2" href="#step2">
<span>Podcasts</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-nav_line-item">
<a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--3" href="#step3">
<span>Grantee Highlights</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-nav_line-item">
<a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--4" href="#step4">
<span>Funding Opportunities</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-nav_line-item">
<a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--5" href="#step5">
<span>Related News</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<main class="content-page-wrapper" role="main" id="skip-navigation">
<div class="content-page--inner-wrapper">
<div class="fixed-nav display-none">
<div class="fixed-nav_primary">
<div class="menu-button-js" tabindex="0"></div>
<div class="fixed-nav_title-wrapper">
<h4>Partnerships for Environmental Public Health</h4>
<h2>PEPH Newsletter</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="fixed-nav_secondary display-none">
<div class="close-wrapper">
<i class="fa fa-times" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--1 active" href="#step1">Articles</a></li>
<li><a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--2" href="#step2">Podcasts</a></li>
<li><a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--3" href="#step3">Grantee Highlights</a></li>
<li><a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--4" href="#step4">Funding Opportunities</a></li>
<li><a class="step-nav__step-tile step-nav__step-tile--5" href="#step5">Related News</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="menu-toggle menu-open"></div>
<article class="content">
<div about="/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06" class="content--inner-container">
<div id="step1" name="step1" data-step="1" class="js-step-nav peph-container peph-container__primary-article">
<div class="slot-container" id="primary_articles">
<h3>Science Kits for Remote Learners Teach Environmental Health Literacy</h3>
<div class="slot-container" id="a938761" name="a938761"> <h3></h3>
<p>Although the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted schooling, members of the NIEHS-funded Environmental Health Sciences Centers Community Engagement Core (CEC) at the University of Rochester have been able to teach environmental health throughout the pandemic in socially distant formats by distributing hands-on science kits to remote learners.</p>
<p>The CEC team engaged with community partners, such as a science museum and a zoo, to reach school-aged students and other community members. Members of the CEC instructed participants, who were alone or grouped together in different locations, via remote video conferencing. Kits contained safe materials that simulated a laboratory experience. In a <span><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8555911/" target="_blank">recent paper</a></span>, CEC team members describe how this process enhances environmental health literacy and offer lessons learned for future hands-on remote instruction.</p>
<p>“The COVID-19 pandemic created unique challenges for traditional science education,” reflected Dina Markowitz, Ph.D., co-author and creator of the kits. “The kits provided diverse groups of students and other learners the opportunity to have a hands-on experience critical to understanding scientific concepts."</p>
<div class="article-image caption caption-right landscape ">
<img class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-default" data-no-border="0" data-hide-small="0" data-hide-print="0" data-hide-caption="0" data-percent="0" data-width style="max-width: 677px;width: 100%;" src="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222mainhero.jpg" alt="a group of people sitting at individual, socially distanced tables">
<div class="article-image_caption">
<p>CEC staff guide learners through kit activities in a socially distant setup. (Photo courtesy of Dina Markowitz)</p>
</div>
</div>
<h4>Science Take-Out Kits</h4>
<p>CEC staff used hands-on kits from <span><a href="https://www.sciencetakeout.com/" target="_blank">Science Take-Out</a></span>, an entity funded by a federal Small Business Innovation Research grant. The kits come prepackaged with items that mimic laboratory reagents and other materials for hands-on learning. Each kit teaches a science topic by simulating a real-world scenario in which students explore an environmental health problem. The CEC team prepared lessons based on two kits: <span><a href="https://www.sciencetakeout.com/product/safe-city-water-community-environmental-health-kit-group/" target="_blank">Safe City Water</a></span> and <span><a href="https://www.sciencetakeout.com/product/are-flavored-e-cigarettes-harmful-group/" target="_blank">Are Flavored E-cigarettes Harmful?</a></span></p>
<p>The Safe City Water kit taught learners how the public water supply is regulated, how lead can get into tap water, and how to reduce risk of lead exposure. Lead testing requires laboratory resources that were unavailable for this remote learning experience, so the kits simulated water testing to teach learners about environmental health testing. Specifically, the kits, which contain pH buffer solutions that represent tap water samples and test papers to examine pH levels, simulate lead testing in tap water.</p>
<div class="article-image caption caption-right landscape ">
<img class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-default" data-no-border="0" data-hide-small="0" data-hide-print="0" data-hide-caption="0" data-percent="0" data-width style="max-width: 677px;width: 100%;" src="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222mainarticle.jpg" alt="hands holding and using a test kit (left) and test kit materials and documentation (right)">
<div class="article-image_caption">
<p>An individual uses the Safe City Water kit (left), which includes materials to simulate tests for lead in water, instructions, and educational materials (right). (Photos courtesy of Dina Markowitz)</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>The e-cigarettes kit demonstrated how flavor compounds affect lung cells. The kit contains sponges that simulate lung cells and pH buffers that represent e-cigarette flavoring. The kit is based on <span><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29375399/" target="_blank">published research</a></span> studies from the laboratory of Irfan Rahman, Ph.D., at the University of Rochester, who investigated the health effects of flavoring chemicals.</p>
<h4>Teaching Science in Remote and Socially Distant Learning Environments</h4>
<p>Kit-based lessons were hosted for five groups with diverse participants. The groups and their associated participants included:</p>
<ul>
<li>American Lung Association Reality Check youth action program for 23 high school students.</li>
<li>Girl Scouts of Western New York for six children, ages 10-13.</li>
<li>National Association of Biology Teachers for 34 adult science teachers.</li>
<li>Rochester Museum and Science Center for 11 children, ages 9-11.</li>
<li>Seneca Park Zoo Urban Ecologist Program for 12 high school students.</li>
</ul>
<p>Although all sessions were held in formats that complied with COVID-19 safety protocols, they used different setups. The CEC team found that certain arrangements more easily facilitated learning and interaction than others.</p>
<p>Participants in the Rochester Museum and Science Center class attended the session in-person, following COVID-19 safety protocols, with instruction provided by a CEC instructor through Zoom. Students used their own kits at individual tables. Researchers noted difficulties with this format because they were not able to see or hear the participants who were spread throughout a large space. Due to these difficulties, CEC staff did not gather feedback from this group.</p>
<p>The Girl Scouts session was held in-person outdoors, and CEC instructors attended the event. Each child used her own kit. CEC instructors provided guidance and answered questions. The children participated in discussions throughout the class, further facilitating learning.</p>
<p>Sessions for all other groups were conducted entirely through Zoom. Each participant, including the instructors, joined the session online from separate locations. Participants discussed the topics and instructors responded to questions. Based on participant feedback, learners engaged with one another and the material just as effectively as the in-person session.</p>
<p>“While one session posed particularly challenging, overall, the participants were able to successfully work through the kits with the support of CEC staff,” stated Cait Fallone, M.A., lead author of the study. “We also found that discussion during the sessions was a key component that helped participants further engage with the material. We were happy to see that discussion was still rich given the remote and socially distanced learning environments. Feedback indicated that sessions were engaging and successfully provided environmental health education.”</p>
<h4>Enhancing Environmental Health Literacy</h4>
<p>Students who completed the Safe City Water kit stated that the kits effectively reinforced environmental health topics because of the hands-on format. They said that the kits helped them understand how lead can affect health and that they found the experience fun and engaging. The adult facilitators of student groups expressed positive feedback about the high level of engagement among the students. Feedback on the “Are Flavored E-cigarettes Harmful?” sessions was similar.</p>
<p>“Participants indicated that using the science kits provided an engaging, hands-on learning experience,” said Markowitz. “This kit-based format accounts for students unique learning environment and makes environmental health education accessible to a broad array of learners that may not have access to a lab-based experience. Students demonstrated increased environmental health literacy after these sessions.”</p>
<p>The CEC plans to continue engaging with researchers, educators, and community groups to host sessions with the kits. They hope to expand their reach to new audiences, particularly to learners who have limited access to traditional lab-based resources.</p>
<p>Katrina Korfmacher, Ph.D., co-author of the study and director of the CEC added, “I am particularly excited about new high school science kits in development related to One Health—the connections between animal health, environmental health, and human health—and about eventually adapting the kits for community-based learning.”</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-container peph-container__secondary-articles">
<div class="slot-container">
<h4>Equity Added to Public Health Services Framework</h4>
<p>The <span><a href="https://phnci.org/" target="_blank">Public Health National Center for Innovations</a></span> (PHNCI) revised its <span><a href="https://phnci.org/transformation/fphs" target="_blank">Foundational Public Health Services framework</a></span> in February to reflect the evolving nature and modernization of governmental public health. The framework was originally created in 2013 to define a minimum set of capabilities for public health agencies. Notably, equity was added as a new foundational capability, with components such as the ability to:</p><p>According to PHNCI, including equity as a foundational capability emphasizes its importance as a cross-cutting capacity and reinforces its crucial role in ensuring community health and well-being. Some of the frameworks definitions and graphics were also updated. A fact sheet, summary report, explanatory video, and other resources related to the framework are available on the <span><a href="https://phnci.org/transformation/fphs" target="_blank">Foundational Public Health Services</a></span> website. PHNCI worked with the <span><a href="https://accountablehealth.gwu.edu/" target="_blank">Funders Forum on Accountable Health</a></span> and took input from stakeholders into account when making revisions.</p>
</div>
<div class="slot-container">
<h4>Environmental Health Perspectives Journal Turns 50</h4>
<p>The journal Environmental Health Perspectives, which focuses on the intersection of the environment and human health, <span><a href="https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/50th-anniversary" target="_blank">celebrated its 50th anniversary in April</a></span>. The journal, which NIEHS launched when the field of environmental health sciences was still in its infancy, started with publishing conference proceedings and NIEHS reports. It has evolved over the years to publish peer-reviewed original research, commentaries, reviews, and stories that translate research advances for non-specialist readers. The journals growth has been guided by the premise that increased availability of information on environmental health sciences is key to solving environmental health problems. To mark the anniversary, the journal put out an <span><a href="https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP11367" target="_blank">editorial</a></span>, written by its Editor-in-Chief, Joel D. Kaufman, M.D., M.P.H.; an <a href="/about/od/ehp/timeline" title="EHP History and Milestones">illustrated timeline of the journals history and milestones</a>; and a <span><a href="https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/50th-anniversary/thank-you" target="_blank">note of appreciation</a></span> to its current and past staff. They are also encouraging readers to share highlights on Twitter with #EHP50.</p>
</div>
<div class="slot-container">
<h4>Healthy People 2030s Focus on Health Equity</h4>
<p>In an April, the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion described Healthy People 2030s <span><a href="https://health.gov/news/202204/check-out-healthy-people-2030s-resources-advance-health-equity?source=govdelivery&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery" target="_blank">resources related to advancing health equity</a></span>. <span><a href="https://health.gov/healthypeople" target="_blank">Healthy People 2030</a></span> is a national framework that provides 10-year, measurable public health objectives to improve the nations health and well-being, and has, over the years, strengthened its focus on <span><a href="https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/health-equity-healthy-people-2030" target="_blank">health equity</a></span>. For example, one of the frameworks overarching goals is to “eliminate health disparities, achieve health equity, and attain health literacy to improve the health and well-being of all.” Additionally, on the <span><a href="https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/health-equity-healthy-people-2030" target="_blank">Health Equity in Healthy People</a></span> webpage, there are definitions of health equity and health disparities, information from an environmental scan on how these terms are used within public health, tools for action, a health equity infographic, and other information about how the framework addresses health disparities. These tools are intended for use by individuals, communities, and organizations.</p>
</div>
<div class="slot-container">
<h4>New Research Projects Address COVID-19 Pandemic and Show Promise for Future Applications</h4>
<p>COVID-19 has prompted researchers to engage in pandemic-related research that may have implications beyond the pandemic.</p><p>For example, the NIEHS-funded University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Superfund Research Program (SRP) Center, together with the Institute for Environmental Health Solutions and the Renaissance Computing Institute, incorporated COVID-19 data into a new web-based tool, <span><a href="https://enviroscan.org/" target="_blank">North Carolina ENVIROSCAN</a></span>. The tool provides visual representations of geographic trends in environmental and societal factors that affect health. Another SRP group, the University of Kentucky SRP Center, is studying a new approach to filtering virus particles from the air. The groups filtration device successfully filters virus-like particles, even at high concentrations. You can read more about the SRPs pandemic-related research.</p><p>Additionally, <span><a href="https://www.thenationshealth.org/content/52/2/1.2" target="_blank">wastewater monitoring as a public health tool</a></span> has gained popularity during the pandemic. This type of real-time monitoring can allow public health workers to predict increases in cases before they would otherwise be detected, and it does not require specialized equipment beyond what most public health labs already have. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, recognizing the utility of such an early-warning system, launched a National Wastewater Surveillance System in September 2020. Using data collected by the system, researchers were able to determine where new variants of the COVID-19 virus were present before patients tested positive.</p>
</div>
<div class="slot-container">
<h4>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Releases Report on Natural Disaster Debris Cleanup</h4>
<p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency held a series of <span><a href="https://www.epa.gov/homeland-security-waste/resiliency-and-natural-disaster-debris-workshops" target="_blank">workshops to discuss life-cycle approaches to natural disaster debris</a></span> in 2021. Participants represented federal agencies, tribal governments, state agencies, local governments, academic institutions, nongovernmental organizations, and businesses, and brought expertise on disaster management and response, environmental justice, deconstruction, and green building. They discussed practical steps to improve disaster debris management and resilience. Their ideas were related to community involvement, environmental justice, climate change, reducing the generation of disaster debris, and equitably managing disaster debris. They also shared case studies and best practices. The <span><a href="https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2022-03/final-epa-rndd-summary-report_12.02.21_web_508_compliant.pdf" target="_blank">summary report</a></span> provides highlights and suggestions for actions to take in disaster debris management. Some of the key insights were:</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-container newsletter-feedback">
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#81f1e4f1e9c1efe8e4e9f2afefe8e9afe6eef7bef2f4e3ebe4e2f5bcd1c4d1c9a1cfe4f6f2ede4f5f5e4f3a1c7e4e4e5e3e0e2ea" class="newsletter-feedback_wrapper newsletter-feedback_with-hover">
<img class="newsletter-feedback_image" alt="Feedback" src="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/peph/feedback-megaphone.svg">
<div class="newsletter-feedback_text">
<h3>WE WANT YOUR FEEDBACK</h3>
<p>Are you enjoying the PEPH Newsletter? Are there topics you'd like to see discussed more often? Please take a few minutes to provide feedback.</p>
</div>
<div class="newsletter-feedback_icon"></div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="peph-container peph-container__podcast-grantee">
<div class="podcast-container js-step-nav" id="step2" data-step="2" name="step2">
<div class="slot-container ">
<div class="float-left caption caption-left">
<div class="mobile-vingette display-none"></div>
<div class="nonbordered"><img src="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222podcast.jpg" desktop="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222podcast.jpg" alt="two people collecting soil samples in a neighborhood" height="334" width="500" class=""/></div>
</div>
<div class="podcast--text-container aa-target">
<div class="mobile-header-wrapper display-none">
<h5 class="secondary-header podcast-header">PEPH Environmental Health Chat Podcast Series</h5>
<h3>Community-engaged Research Leads to Soil Cleanup</h3>
<div class="social-wrapper">
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta" class="facebook-link">&NoBreak;</a>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta" class="twitter-link">&NoBreak;</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="audio-html5 audio-wrapper" data-module="player-audio" data-sitename="www" style="display: block;">
<object class="audio-wrapper__object">
<audio type="audio/mp3" controls="controls" data-audio-id='' preload="none" class="audio-wrapper__object__audio">
<source src="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta/community-engaged_research_leads_to_soil_cleanup.mp3"></source>
</audio>
<div class ="audio-wrapper__object__download-label">Download:</div>
<div class="mejsTranscript audio-wrapper__object__transcript">
<a href="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta/atlantasoil_transcript_508.pdf" data-transcript-id='' class="audio-wrapper__object__button" download= ""><span class ="audio-wrapper__object__button__text">Transcript</span></a>
</div>
<div class ="audio-wrapper__object__download">
<a href = "/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta/community-engaged_research_leads_to_soil_cleanup.mp3" class= "audio-wrapper__object__button" download title= "Download Audio"><span class="audio-wrapper__object__button__text">Audio</span></a>
</div>
</object>
</div>
<div class="podcast-header--wrapper">
<h5 class="secondary-header podcast-header">PEPH Environmental Health Chat Podcast Series</h5>
<h3>Community-engaged Research Leads to Soil Cleanup</h3>
<div class="social-wrapper">
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta" class="facebook-link">&NoBreak;</a>
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta" class="twitter-link">&NoBreak;</a>
</div>
</div>
<p>Urban gardening can have health benefits, such as providing access to fresh produce, but it also comes with risks, including contaminated soil that can harm health. An NIEHS-funded team is working with Atlanta residents to <a href="/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts/2022/apr13_atlanta" title="Community-engaged Research Leads to Soil Cleanup">test their soil for contaminants and raise awareness of childrens health risks associated with exposure</a>. In our latest podcast episode, youll hear from Eri Saikawa, Ph.D., an environmental health researcher at Emory University and a member of the HERCULES Exposome project, and Rosario Hernandez, the executive director of the community-based nonprofit Historic Westside Gardens. They speak about how their work resulted in safer soil in Atlanta neighborhoods.</p>
</div>
<a href="/research/supported/translational/peph/podcasts" class="button peph-button">Listen to more PEPH Podcasts</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="grantee-container js-step-nav" id="step3" data-step="3" name="step3">
<div class="slot-container">
<div class="grantee--text-container aa">
<div class="grantee--image-container">
<div class="mobile-vingette display-none"></div>
<div class="nonbordered"><img src="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222grantee.jpg" desktop="/sites/default/files/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/2022/06/060222grantee.jpg" alt="Kathleen Gray, Ph.D." height="600" width="516" class=""></div>
</div>
<div class="shadow-overlay display-none"></div>
<div class="grantee--container">
<h5>PEPH Grantee Highlight</h5>
<h3>Kathleen Gray, Ph.D.</h3>
<div class="social-wrapper">
<a href="" class="facebook-link">&NoBreak;</a>
<a href="" class="twitter-link">&NoBreak;</a>
</div>
<p>Supporting environmental health literacy (EHL) can take different forms, from educating individuals to educating whole communities. Kathleen Gray, Ph.D., who works to increase EHL for a wide audience, leads the Community Engagement Cores at the NIEHS-funded <span><a href="https://sph.unc.edu/superfund-pages/cec/" target="_blank">Superfund Research Program</a></span> and the <span><a href="https://sph.unc.edu/cehs/outreach-and-engagement/" target="_blank">Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility</a></span> at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her team develops outreach and educational materials to help diverse communities understand environmental impacts on their health. For example, Gray works with fishing communities in North Carolina, where she found that it was important to ask anglers about their perceptions and habits, such as with whom they shared their fish, to effectively communicate health messages around fish consumption. Grays team also works with high school students to develop local solutions to environmental health problems. Overall, Grays work exemplifies a tenet of an expanded understanding of EHL, one that goes beyond educating an individual and includes collective action and community change.</p>
</div>
</div>
<a href="" class="button peph-button">Read more about Grantee</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="step4" name="step4" data-step="4" class="peph-container peph-container__funding js-step-nav">
<div class="slot-container">
<h3>Funding Opportunites</h3>
<div class ="funding-opp_row">
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">05</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-22-137.html" target="_blank">Accelerating the Pace of Child Health Research Using Existing Data From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (R01-clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>Supports activities proposing to conduct analyses of existing <span><a href="https://abcdstudy.org/scientists_data_sharing.html" target="_blank">ABCD Study data</a></span> to accelerate the pace of research on child health and development, including: cross-sectional and/or longitudinal analyses; development of new or advanced statistical methods; and/or integration of ABCD data with other existing datasets that share common data elements. NIEHS is interested in applications that will use ABCD data resources to examine the contribution of environmental exposures on brain and development and to identify sensitive time windows of development that may confer individual susceptibility and also to identify protective factors that may mitigate environmental-induced changes. An <span><a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-22-138.html" target="_blank">R21</a></span> funding opportunity is also open.</p><p><strong>Deadlines:</strong> June 5, 2022; October 5, 2022; February 5, 2023</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">05</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-HD-22-002.html" target="_blank">Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Emerging and Existing Issues of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Research Related to the Health and Well-being of Women, Children and Individuals With Physical And/Or Intellectual Disabilities</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>Provides an avenue for researchers to pursue funding to conduct research addressing emerging and existing COVID-related issues among pregnant and lactating people, infants, children and adolescents, and individuals with physical and/or intellectual disabilities. NIEHS is interested in research focused on better understanding the role of environmental exposures on the multitude of factors surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to pregnancy, children and adolescent health and well-being, reproductive disorders, metabolic diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disease, and other disease conditions. Applicants responding to this NOSI are strongly encouraged to describe plans for the rapid sharing of data and results as well as innovative data analytics approaches. The sharing of COVID-related data and resources and effective communication of results are a high priority of the NIH.</p><p><strong>Deadline:</strong> June 5, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class ="funding-opp_row">
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Feb</span>
<span class="day">05</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-HL-23-001.html" target="_blank">Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Epidemiologic Studies in Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>Encourages fundamental epidemiological research geared toward understanding the inter-relationships of biological, lifestyle/behavioral, environmental, and sociocultural factors and how these factors may impact health disparities and outcomes in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander subpopulations. Epidemiological inference is enhanced with variation in study designs; therefore, investigators may leverage a range of design methods in response to this NOSI, including electronic health record databases, registries, cohort studies, and cross-sectional surveys. Applications may propose leveraging existing studies or data, or may propose new data collection. To be considered responsive to this NOSI, applicants must propose to study at least one specific subpopulation of Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders. NIEHS applications to this funding opportunity occur through <span><a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/pa-20-185.html" target="_blank">Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a></span>, <span><a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-21-080.html" target="_blank">Addressing the Etiology of Health Disparities and Health Advantages Among Immigrant Populations (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a></span>, and <span><a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-21-275.html" target="_blank">The Role of Work in Health Disparities in the U.S. (R01 Clinical Trials Optional)</a></span>.</p><p><strong>Deadlines:</strong> February 5, 2022; June 5, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">06</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-ES-22-005.html" target="_blank">Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Promoting Health, Safety, and Recovery Training for COVID-19 Essential Workers and Their Communities</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>Supports partnerships between Worker Training Program (WTP) recipients and local community organizations in communities highly impacted by COVID-19 to increase the education and awareness of COVID-19 health risks and promote the integration and connectedness to needed public health resources such as testing, contact tracing, and the adoption of effective infection control measures. This NOSI is open to current WTP awardees who already have partnerships with local worker centers and community organizations in underserved and disadvantaged communities with COVID-19 transmission rates that are higher than the national average. Partnerships with other NIEHS recipients are encouraged if the collaboration will meet the aims of the application.</p><p><strong>Deadline:</strong> June 6, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class ="funding-opp_row">
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">09</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-ES-22-002.html" target="_blank">Revolutionizing Innovative, Visionary Environmental Health Research (RIVER) (R35 Clinical Trial Optional)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>The RIVER program is intended to invest in people rather than projects; rewarding individuals from the NIEHS recipient community who demonstrate a broad vision and potential for continuing their impactful environmental health research and who are most likely to benefit from a program emphasizing flexibility and sustained support. Only single principal investigator applications are allowed. Key features and benefits of the program fall into two large categories: 1) freedom from traditional focused specific aims and a structured research plan which will enable investigators to pursue new directions in their research as they arise throughout the funding period, and 2) the ability to devote increased effort to research, mentoring, and scientific service due to reduced time spent writing and managing multiple grant applications and awards.</p><p><strong>Deadline:</strong> June 9, 2022</p><p><strong>Letter of Intent:</strong> Due 30 days prior to the application due date</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">24</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-22-078.html" target="_blank">Lasker Clinical Research Scholars Program (Si2/R00 Clinical Trial Optional)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>The Lasker Clinical Research Scholars program will offer applicants the opportunity to compete for a unique combination of intramural and extramural resources for clinical research. The program will support a small number of exceptional clinical researchers in the early stages of their independent careers to promote their development as fully independent scientists. The program combines a period of research experience as a tenure-track investigator in the Intramural Research Program with additional years of independent financial support, either within the Intramural Research Program or at an extramural research institution. Successful applicants will receive support in two phases: 1) support for scholars in the Intramural Research Program for up to 5 years, with the possibility of an extension for an additional 2 years; and 2) either continued Intramural Research Program support, or up to 3 years of support to continue research as an independent clinician scientist at an extramural institution.</p><p><strong>Deadline:</strong> June 24, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class ="funding-opp_row">
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jun</span>
<span class="day">25</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-22-060.html" target="_blank">Research Enhancement Award Program (REAP) for Health Professional Schools and Graduate Schools (R15 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>The REAP program will enable qualified scientists to receive support for small-scale research projects. It is anticipated that investigators supported under the REAP program will benefit from the opportunity to conduct independent research; that the grantee institution will benefit from a research environment strengthened through REAP grants; and that students at recipient institutions will benefit from exposure to and participation in scientific research in the biomedical sciences so that they consider careers in biomedical research. The REAP funding opportunity emphasizes the engagement and inclusion of health professional, undergraduates, and/or graduate students in research. Since diversity strengthens the research environment, REAP grantees are encouraged to recruit and include students from diverse backgrounds, including those from groups underrepresented in the biomedical research workforce. NIEHS will accept applications describing research projects that will have a defined impact on the environmental health sciences and must have a research focus on exposure-health related responses from environmental agents within the mission interest of the NIEHS.</p><p><strong>Deadlines:</strong> June 25, 2022; October 25, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jul</span>
<span class="day">30</span>
<span class="year">2021</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-ES-21-005.html" target="_blank">SBIR E-Learning for HAZMAT and Emergency Response (R43/R44 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)</a>
</h5>
<p>Encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns that propose to further the development of Advanced Technology Training (ATT) products for the health and safety training of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) workers; waste treatment personnel; skilled support personnel associated with an emergency/disaster; emergency responders in biosafety response, infectious disease training and cleanup; emergency responders in disasters and resiliency training; and for ATT tools to assist in responding to environmental disasters. The major objective of the NIEHS Worker Training Program (WTP) is to prevent work related harm by assisting in the training of workers in how best to protect themselves and their communities from exposure to hazardous materials. NIEHS encourages applicants to review the <a href="/careers/hazmat/training_program_areas/att" title="SBIR E-Learning for HAZMAT Program">SBIR E-Learning for HAZMAT Program</a>, to pursue partnerships and collaboration with awardees of the <a href="/careers/hazmat/awardees" title="Who We Fund">WTP program,</a> and to design new technology-enhanced training methods or e-Learning products that can enhance the existing NIEHS supported curricula and training programs while adhering to the Minimum Health and Safety Training Criteria: Guidance for Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) and HAZWOPER-Supporting Training.</p><p><strong>Deadline</strong>: July 30, 2021<br><strong>Letter of Intent</strong>: June 30, 2021</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class ="funding-opp_row">
<div class="funding-opp">
<div class="funding-opp_deadline">
<span class="deadline">Application Due Date</span>
<span class="month">Jul</span>
<span class="day">27</span>
<span class="year">2022</span>
</div>
<div class="funding-opp_general-info">
<h5 class="info-title">
<a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-22-132.html" target="_blank">Implementation Research to Reduce Noncommunicable Disease Burden in Low- and Middle-income Countries and Tribal Nations During Critical Life Stages and Key Transition Periods (R01 Clinical Trial Optional)</a>
</h5>
<p></p><p>Supports innovative approaches to identifying, understanding, developing, and implementing strategies for overcoming barriers to the adoption, adaptation, integration, scale-up, and sustainability of evidence-based interventions, tools, policies, and guidelines. In addition, studies to advance dissemination and implementation research methods and measures into application are encouraged. Specifically, this FOA invites applications that propose interventions targeting critical life stages (e.g., infancy, childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, older adults) and key transitions between life stages to reduce health risk and/or enhance positive health and lifestyle behaviors. NIEHS is interested in applications that focus on the implementation of interventions that address environmental noncommunicable disease risk factors (e.g., air pollution, disaster risks attributed to climate change, etc.) in one or more critical life stages.</p><p><strong>Deadline:</strong> July 27, 2022</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<a class="peph-button" href="/research/supported/translational/peph/foa" title="Funding Opportunity Announcements ">Visit the Funding Opportunity Announcements Page</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="step5" name="step5" data-step="5" class="js-step-nav peph-container peph-container__peph-related-news">
<div class="slot-container">
<h3>PEPH-Related News</h3>
<div class="peph-related-news_row">
<div class="peph-related-news">
<div class="peph-related-news_image-wrapper">
<div class=" ">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/modernizing-neurotoxicology/img_mobile937346.jpg/file4csoKJ" desktop="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/modernizing-neurotoxicology/img_mobile937346.jpg/file4csoKJ" alt="Jonathan Hollander, Ph.D." height="630" width="1200" class="">
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news_info">
<a href="https://factor.niehs.nih.gov/2022/5/science-highlights/modernizing-neurotoxicology/index.htm" target="_blank">Advances in neurotoxicology highlighted during NIEHS workshop<span title="This link leaves the NIEHS Main Site." class="exit"></span></a>
<em class="peph-related-news_source">Environmental Factor</em>
<p><p>The two-day event showcased cutting-edge technology that experts say will shed light on how the environment affects brain health, disease.</p>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news">
<div class="peph-related-news_image-wrapper">
<div class=" ">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/environmental-epigenetic/img_mobile936890.jpg/file1nwfIr" desktop="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/environmental-epigenetic/img_mobile936890.jpg/file1nwfIr" alt="Bernardo Lemos, Ph.D." height="630" width="1200" class="">
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news_info">
<a href="https://factor.niehs.nih.gov/2022/5/science-highlights/environmental-epigenetic/index.htm" target="_blank">Environmental epigenetics uncovers links between exposures, disease<span title="This link leaves the NIEHS Main Site." class="exit"></span></a>
<em class="peph-related-news_source">Environmental Factor</em>
<p><p>Aging, heavy metals, and microplastics were among the topics discussed by Bernardo Lemos, Ph.D., during his Keystone Science Lecture.</p>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news_row">
<div class="peph-related-news">
<div class="peph-related-news_image-wrapper">
<div class=" ">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2022/5/community-impact/hbcu-outreach/img_mobile937321.jpg/fileaBjD59" desktop="/sites/default/files/2022/5/community-impact/hbcu-outreach/img_mobile937321.jpg/fileaBjD59" alt="Ericka Reid, Ph.D." height="630" width="1200" class="">
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news_info">
<a href="https://factor.niehs.nih.gov/2022/5/community-impact/hbcu-outreach/index.htm" target="_blank">Historically Black Colleges and Universities connect with NIEHS<span title="This link leaves the NIEHS Main Site." class="exit"></span></a>
<em class="peph-related-news_source">Environmental Factor</em>
<p><p>A major goal is to expand scientific career opportunities — and research funding — for students and faculty from diverse backgrounds.</p>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news">
<div class="peph-related-news_image-wrapper">
<div class=" ">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/world-asthma-day/img_mobile937472.jpg/fileRipsSS" desktop="/sites/default/files/2022/5/science-highlights/world-asthma-day/img_mobile937472.jpg/fileRipsSS" alt="asthma inhaler" height="630" width="1200" class="">
</div>
</div>
<div class="peph-related-news_info">
<a href="https://factor.niehs.nih.gov/2022/5/science-highlights/world-asthma-day/index.htm" target="_blank">NIH Statement on World Asthma Day 2022: Toward improved asthma care<span title="This link leaves the NIEHS Main Site." class="exit"></span></a>
<em class="peph-related-news_source">Environmental Factor</em>
<p><p>On May 3, the National Institutes of Health reaffirmed its commitment to research aimed at understanding, preventing, and treating asthma.</p>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div name="step7" id="step7" class="peph-container peph-container__peph-previous-issues">
<div class="background-image--container">
<img src="/themes/custom/niehs_cms/web-resources/images/peph-prev-issue-background.png" alt="PEPH Previous Issues Background">
</div>
<div class="previous-issues_text--container">
<h3 class="peph-previous-issues_header">Past Issues</h3>
<h5 class="peph-previous-issues_sub-header">If you liked this issue, don't miss our past issues.</h5>
<a href="/research/supported/translational/peph/newsletter/all-issues" class="button peph-button">All Previous Issues</a>
</div>
<!-- previous issues end -->
</div>
<div class="peph-container">
<div id='download-player'></div>
</div>
</div>
</artcle>
</div>
</main>
<a id="back2top" href="#top" title="Back to Top">Back<br>to Top</a>
</div>
<!-- Footer start -->
<div id="review-date" class="review-date-common"><span>Last Reviewed: February 27, 2025</span></div>
<div class="footer-wrapper">
<footer class="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div id="footer">
<div class="footer-media">
<div class="footer-address">
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov">
<h2>National Institute of<br>Environmental Health Sciences</h2>
</a>
</div>
<!-- address end -->
<div class="icon-links">
<!-- Last-Reviewed -->
<h3>Follow Us</h3>
<ul class="footer-icons--wrapper">
<li>
<a class="facebook-link no-exit" aria-label="link to the NIEHS Facebook page" href="https://www.facebook.com/NIH.NIEHS" target="_blank"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="twitter-link no-exit" aria-label="link to the NIEHS X (formerly Twitter) page" href="https://x.com/NIH_NIEHS" target="_blank"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="linkedin-link no-exit" aria-label="link to the NIEHS LinkedIn page" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/national-institute-of-environmental-health-sciences-niehs-" target="_blank"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="email-link no-exit" aria-label="link to the NIEHS mailing list signup page" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom/newslist"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="youtube-link no-exit" aria-label="link to the NIEHS YouTube channel" href="https://www.youtube.com/@NIH_NIEHS" target="_blank"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="wifi-link" aria-label="link to the NIEHS RSS news feed page" href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/news/newsroom/rssfeed"></a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-link_list">
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-contactinformation-menu" id="block-contactinformation" class="block block-menu navigation menu--contact-information">
<h3 id="block-contactinformation-menu">Contact Information</h3>
<div class="ftr-textlinks">
<ul region="footer_a" class="menu">
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/od/ocpl/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/64146">Contact Us</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/od/ocpl/employment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63506">Employment Verification</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/foia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63321">Freedom of Information Act</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/staff/index.cfm">Staff Directory</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/visiting" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63326">Visiting NIEHS</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/news/newsroom/newslist" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72911">Sign Up for NIEHS Updates</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="footer-link_list">
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-policiesservices-menu" id="block-policiesservices" class="block block-menu navigation menu--policies-services">
<h3 id="block-policiesservices-menu">Policies &amp; Services</h3>
<div class="ftr-textlinks">
<ul region="footer_b" class="menu">
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure Policy</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/od/ocpl/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/64146">Request Translation Services</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="/about/od/ocpl/policies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63516">Web Policies &amp; Notices</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://archive-it.org/collections/20032">Website Archive</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-niehsstaff-menu" id="block-niehsstaff" class="block block-menu navigation menu--niehs-staff staff-footer">
<h3 id="block-niehsstaff-menu">NIEHS Staff</h3>
<div class="ftr-textlinks">
<ul region="footer_b" class="menu">
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://apps.niehs.nih.gov/webtraq/index.cfm?do=main.requestweb" id="updateThisPage" class="solid-wrench">Request an Update of This Webpage</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://junction.niehs.nih.gov/">The Junction</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="footer-link_list">
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-relatedservice-menu" id="block-relatedservice" class="block block-menu navigation menu--related-service">
<h3 id="block-relatedservice-menu">Related Sites</h3>
<div class="ftr-textlinks">
<ul region="footer_c" class="menu">
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/">Health and Human Services</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/">National Institutes of Health</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://eeo.nih.gov/no-fear-act">NO FEAR Act</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-otherlanguages-menu" id="block-otherlanguages" class="block block-menu navigation menu--other-languages">
<h3 id="block-otherlanguages-menu">Other Languages</h3>
<ul region="footer_c" class="menu">
<li class="menu-item">
<a href="https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/enfermedades/">En Español</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Print-Footer starts -->
<div id="print-footer" class="clearfix">
This page URL:
<span id="current_url"></span><br>
NIEHS website: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/<br>
Email the Web Manager at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="2f584a4d424e414e484a5d6f41464a475c0141464701484059">[email&#160;protected]</a>
</div>
<!-- Print Footer ends -->
</footer>
</div>
<!-- Footer end -->
</div><!-- /.dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas -->
<!-- ~~~Beginning of footer assets (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
<!-- ~~~End of footer assets (DO NOT DELETE)~~~-->
<script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_094iy4s7AoN9Q8Mg25eWjq5pG_S5-Oqn2T368t7WjTg.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtj-EKwjAMBl9otY9Usu6jrabNaDL18Z1sohv-CdwdhCQualJDK8gaKtoSrAP-yzokkcQIRsmndZz5Qld6HmUdiu4r70WLSfdnMWwUq_rEMhK7KLVK--NVf-RMCW7GnB11K5Gxt0kejYWmwKXdAtMIRt_ecJ_m3s3tzVlGxWB5aRO6gnrM_kCBFpP1qplhWPeOnXqBvgAGFXhZ"></script>
<script src="https://seek.niehs.nih.gov/common/js/jquery-ui-1.13.1.custom.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://seek.niehs.nih.gov/common/js/jquery.ui.touch-punch.min.js"></script>
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_0ufI-Hhk7LisZ7zefq7nbiPUtKpLhoyHIltHBVY-eB4.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=3&amp;language=en&amp;theme=niehs_cms&amp;include=eJxtj-EKwjAMBl9otY9Usu6jrabNaDL18Z1sohv-CdwdhCQualJDK8gaKtoSrAP-yzokkcQIRsmndZz5Qld6HmUdiu4r70WLSfdnMWwUq_rEMhK7KLVK--NVf-RMCW7GnB11K5Gxt0kejYWmwKXdAtMIRt_ecJ_m3s3tzVlGxWB5aRO6gnrM_kCBFpP1qplhWPeOnXqBvgAGFXhZ"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"be99a44193","applicationID":"1017656361","transactionName":"ZFdaZkRXCkZQVkUPW10deVFCXwtbHnFDE0RSXmRcWVIBaXJaXxJGXF5UV0RqKlpVUGcPUURxV1xCRAtZXVBDSwpFW11F","queueTime":11,"applicationTime":674,"atts":"SBBNEAxNGRkTVBNcT05P","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body>
</html>