nih-gov/www.nibib.nih.gov/labs-at-nibib/ideas-lab/projects/mhealth-smartphone-application-measure-risky-driving-behavior-predict-crashes

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<meta name="description" content="An IDEAS project to create an app that measures risky driving behavior, predict crashes, and provide timely feedback." />
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<title>mHealth Smartphone Application to Measure Risky Driving Behavior and Predict Crashes | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering</title>
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<span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.nibib.nih.gov/labs-at-nibib/ideas-lab/projects/mhealth-smartphone-application-measure-risky-driving-behavior-predict-crashes" data-a2a-title="mHealth Smartphone Application to Measure Risky Driving Behavior and Predict Crashes"><a class="a2a_button_email"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_email a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/email-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_facebook"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_facebook a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/facebook-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_linkedin a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/linkedin-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter"><span class="a2a_svg a2a_s_a2a a2a_s_x a2a-box"><img src="/themes/custom/nibib/assets/img/x-a2a.svg" border="0" alt="Facebook" width="27" height="27"></span
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<span>mHealth Smartphone Application to Measure Risky Driving Behavior and Predict Crashes</span>
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<article data-history-node-id="136341" about="/labs-at-nibib/ideas-lab/projects/mhealth-smartphone-application-measure-risky-driving-behavior-predict-crashes" class="ideas-projects node--ideas-projects node--type-ideas-projects">
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<div class="field field--name-field-collaborator field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><span>Bruce Simons-Morton, Ed.D., MPH</span></div>
<div class="field field--name-field-institution field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Health Behavior Branch, NICHD</div>
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<div class="field field--name-field-collaborator field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><span>Johnathon Ehsani, Ph.D.</span></div>
<div class="field field--name-field-institution field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health</div>
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<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The risk of fatal crashes per driven mile is highest among teen drivers compared to other age groups. According to the CDC statistics only in 2014, 221,313 teens drivers were admitted to the emergency department and 2,333 were killed. This amounts to an average of six teen driver deaths every day due to automotive crashes. Improved safety policies are known to reduce the number of motor vehicle crashes among teens.</p>
<p>The Simons-Morton group has a long-standing interest in developing new approaches to understanding driving risk, such as the use of objective real-time in-vehicle measurements. A recent study indicates that elevated gravitational forces (g-forces) are useful when assessing driving risk, and predicting crashes and near crashes among teenage drivers. G-force and other measures have the potential to transform the way driving risk is estimated, and open the door to population-based injury prevention. The overall goal is to develop simple, non-proprietary smartphone-based tools (i.e., mHealth) to facilitate and advance driving research. By reducing the costs and other challenges associated with the collection of objective driving related data, mHealth solutions and methods could enable both increased and innovative driving research. &nbsp;Additionally, these innovative smartphone implementations may extend the reach of driving research to previously unmeasured populations, for example, in lower socio-economic strata and low-income countries.</p>
<p>Approximately three out of four teenagers in the U.S. own a smartphone. With integrated sensors, wireless communication, and computing power, smartphones could be leveraged for driving research, and perhaps also as a direct means to reduce driving risk by providing timely feedback to teens and parents. For this project, g-force events, videos and still images associated with each g-force event, mileage driven, and average speed will be captured using phone accelerometers, cameras, and global positioning system (GPS) capabilities. Furthermore, we plan to investigate the application of machine learning approaches as a means of providing novel driving assessments and predictive metrics valuable in the reduction of vehicle crashes.</p>
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</defs> <g tabindex="3"> <polygon class="cls-7" points="235.4 435.37 180.02 401.38 235.3 366.52 290.68 401.49 235.4 435.37" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(191.39 404.31)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">g-force event</tspan> </text> </g> <g tabindex="5"> <rect class="cls-7" height="39.96" rx="6.8" ry="6.8" width="130.11" x="417.6" y="436.55" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(433.15 459.9)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Audio Warning</tspan> </text> </g> <g tabindex="6"> <rect class="cls-7" height="117.23" rx="17.06" ry="17.06" width="278.84" x="343.31" y="499.41" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(437.74 514.94)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Record </tspan> <tspan class="cls-1" x="52.12" y="0">Video</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(382.74 532.13)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Inside the vehicle (front camera)</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(347.3 565.15)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0"> 1. 10 sec prior to g-force event (buffered)</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(352.38 598.97)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">2. 10 sec post g-force event</tspan> </text> </g> <g tabindex="7"> <rect class="cls-7" height="54.06" rx="10.98" ry="10.98" width="250.58" x="357.57" y="632.58" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(423.73 649.16)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Aquire Still Image</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(376.64 667.06)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Outside the vehicle (back camera)</tspan> </text> </g> <g tabindex="8"> <polygon class="cls-7" points="238.06 795.49 188.82 765.14 237.96 734.01 287.21 765.24 238.06 795.49" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(222.46 768.12)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Stop</tspan> </text> </g> <g tabindex="10"> <rect class="cls-7" height="70.4" rx="10.32" ry="10.32" width="169.8" x="152.7" y="825.07" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(188.89 846.84)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Upload sensor</tspan> <tspan x="13.23" y="16.8">data to the</tspan> <tspan x="-10.91" y="33.6">centralized server</tspan> </text> </g> <g> <path class="cls-7" d="M244.25,714.68h230.23c4.64,0,8.39-3.76,8.39-8.4v-19.34" /> <polygon points="247.06 718.38 245.49 714.68 247.06 710.98 238.28 714.68 247.06 718.38" /> </g> <g> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(203.66 442.75)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">No</tspan> </text> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="237.96" x2="235.4" y1="728.04" y2="435.37" /> <polygon points="241.64 725.2 237.95 726.81 234.23 725.26 238.01 734.01 241.64 725.2" /> </g> </g> <g> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(168.17 783.38)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">No</tspan> </text> <g> <path class="cls-7" d="M172.97,401.45l-19.51,.06c-4.49,.01-8.12,3.66-8.12,8.15l.27,348.1c0,4.34,3.55,7.85,7.89,7.79l35.32-.42" /> <polygon points="170.15 397.75 171.74 401.45 170.18 405.16 178.94 401.43 170.15 397.75" /> </g> </g> <g tabindex="9"> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(203.66 809.07)"> <tspan class="cls-2" x="0" y="0">Yes</tspan> </text> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="238.01" x2="238.01" y1="818.87" y2="795.31" /> <polygon points="241.71 816.06 238.01 817.63 234.31 816.06 238.01 824.84 241.71 816.06" /> </g> </g> <g tabindex="4"> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(281.26 386.88)"> <tspan class="cls-2" x="0" y="0">Yes</tspan> </text> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="482.87" x2="482.87" y1="492.87" y2="476.51" /> <polygon points="486.58 490.07 482.87 491.64 479.17 490.07 482.87 498.84 486.58 490.07" /> </g> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="482.87" x2="482.87" y1="626.43" y2="616.64" /> <polygon points="486.58 623.62 482.87 625.19 479.17 623.62 482.87 632.4 486.58 623.62" /> </g> <g> <path class="cls-7" d="M482.84,430.13l-.13-20.38c-.03-4.6-3.77-8.32-8.37-8.32h-183.66" /> <polygon points="486.52 427.29 482.83 428.89 479.12 427.34 482.87 436.1 486.52 427.29" /> </g> </g> <g tabindex="2"> <g> <rect class="cls-7" height="93.93" rx="13.64" ry="13.64" width="222.45" x="124.81" y="251.74" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(146.57 277.28)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Collect Phone Sensor Data</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(134.03 295.87)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">1. Accelerometer</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(134.03 311.37)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">2. Gyroscope</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(134.03 328.52)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">3. GPS location</tspan> </text> </g> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="235.35" x2="235.35" y1="360.55" y2="345.67" /> <polygon points="239.05 357.74 235.35 359.31 231.65 357.74 235.35 366.52 239.05 357.74" /> </g> </g> <g tabindex="1"> <g> <rect class="cls-7" height="174.61" rx="25.61" ry="25.61" width="421.9" x="23.73" y="25.41" /> <text class="cls-4" transform="translate(178.94 50.96)"> <tspan x="0" y="0">Start Application</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(36.65 80.88)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">1. Place an iPhone in the holder with the front camera facing</tspan> <tspan x="0" y="16.8">the driver.</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(36.65 130.3)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">2. Start the gForce app, and ensure the driver is within the</tspan> <tspan x="0" y="16.8">field-of-view of the camera.</tspan> </text> <text class="cls-3" transform="translate(36.65 180.63)"> <tspan x="0" xml:space="preserve" y="0">3. Set navigation (optional).</tspan> </text> </g> <g> <line class="cls-7" x1="235.35" x2="235.35" y1="245.77" y2="200.02" /> <polygon points="239.05 242.96 235.35 244.53 231.65 242.96 235.35 251.74 239.05 242.96" /> </g> </g> </svg><p style="background-color: #ececec;padding: 1em;margin-bottom:2em;">gForce Application Flowchart.</p>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<figure role="group" class="align-center">
<img alt="iPhone positioning in vehicle and gForce application screenshots" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="9c7fc36e-cf70-49f6-b999-d71fe4803977" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/mHealth2.png" width="720" height="230" loading="lazy"></p>
<figcaption>iPhone positioned in the device holder ensuring the driver is in the camera field-of-view for video recording before and after g-force events. &nbsp;gForce application main user screens: a) Login, b) Start app (optional navigation setup), c) Start navigation, and d) Turn-by-turn navigation.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<figure role="group" class="align-center">
<img alt="Acceleration and Braking g-forces" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="53d23093-8328-4d38-8c06-13027e955ce3" height="368" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/mHealth3.png" width="962" loading="lazy"></p>
<figcaption>Gravitational force measurements during hard (red) and moderate (blue) acceleration and braking.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<figure role="group" class="align-center">
<img alt="Left and Right Turn rotation measurements" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="683fe99d-437c-4b9f-91c3-8e10ec6839c3" height="369" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/mHealth4.png" width="965" loading="lazy"></p>
<figcaption>Rotation measurements during hard left and mild right turns.</figcaption>
</figure>
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