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<h1>Documentation</h1>
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<h3>Introduction</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<p>
The clear majority of genome wide association studies (GWAS) associate human diseases with some variants
residing outside the coding DNA. Only a small fraction of these GWAS-associated noncoding variants are
causal, many are in regions of high linkage disequilibrium hosting either a causal coding variant or a
causal noncoding variant of a gene regulatory element. Identifying causal noncoding variants has always been
a challenging task due to a limited number of methods and tools accurately quantifying the impact of a
noncoding mutation.
</p>
<p>
A growing body of work has been devoted to the quantification of deleterious effects of noncoding
mutations using artificial intelligence and deep learning methods. These methods include
<a href="http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/v12/n10/full/nmeth.3547.html">DeepSEA</a>,
<a href="http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v33/n8/full/nbt.3300.html">DeepBind</a>, and
<a href="http://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2016/05/03/gr.200535.115.abstract">Basset</a> that
deep learn regulatory sequence code from big genomics data;
<a href="http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v47/n8/full/ng.3331.html">deltaSVM</a>
and
<a href="https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/43/1/225/2903413/Identifying-causal-regulatory-SNPs-in-ChIP-seq">
deSNPs</a> that learn sequence features from a single enhancer-associated chromatin profile and
consider the k-mer content associated with the genetic variant only,
<a href="http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v47/n12/full/ng.3432.html">CATO</a> that predicts chromatin states
by using high-throughput sequencing data across multiple individuals;
<a href="http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v46/n3/full/ng.2892.html">C-SCORE</a> that integrates multiple
annotations into one metric by contrasting variants that survived natural selection with simulated
mutations; and
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/12/15/nar.gkw1263">CAPE</a> that decomposes the
sequence code of potential binding sites and the binding sites
of cofactors from a set of chromatin profiles, and directly quantifies the deactivating effect of a single
nucleotide mutation based on the corresponding change in the underlying k-mer profile. In our recent study
published in Nucleic Acids Research, we compared our method CAPE to several other tools and observed
differential accuracy of the various methods in predicting dsQTLs and eQTLs. The accuracy of causal
variant prediction varied considerably from no differentiation to >90% depending on a selected method and/or
a particular cell line. Although, there are methods that generally outperform others, there is no single
method that performs the best in every scenario.
</p>
<p>
SNPDelScore offers pre-compute deleterious effects of noncoding variants using a large panel of currently
available methods and summarize this information in an interactive, easy to use website. We are also
providing open access to these data through a RESTfull based web service available through this website.
Additionally, a Python based web services command line client is available and it can be used to retrieve
the data from other applications and tools.
</p>
</div>
<h3>GWAS</h3>
<div>
<p>
The GWAS Catalog was downloaded from <a
href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/docs/file-downloads">EBI-GWAS</a>.<br>
The version included into the database was:
<a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/snpdelscore/GWAS/gwas_catalog_v1.0-associations_e88_r2017-04-03.tsv">
gwas_catalog_v1.0-associations_e88_r2017-04-03.tsv</a>
</p>
</div>
<h3>TFBSs</h3>
<div>
<p>
The TFBSs were created using the program <a href="https://www.dcode.org/wiki/?n=Main.Programs">tfbsFrag</a>.
<br>TSV files for each chromosome where created and are available
<a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/snpdelscore/TFBS/">here</a>.
</p>
<p>The TSV file format is:</p>
<pre>
#PWMs START END STRAND SEQUENCE CHROM
UP00109_1 11456 11470 + ACTGGCGGATTATAG 1
UP00176_1 11456 11471 + ACTGGCGGATTATAGG 1
M1053_1.02 11459 11468 - ATAATCCGCC 1
M5501_1.02 11460 11469 - TATAATCCGC 1
DMBX1_DBD 11460 11469 + GCGGATTATA 1
DPRX_DBD_1 11460 11469 + GCGGATTATA 1
M5346_1.02 11460 11469 - TATAATCCGC 1
</pre>
<p>An additional
<a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/snpdelscore/TFBS/PWMs_mapped_2_humanORmouse.withAlias.withBlast">file</a>
was used to transform PWMs to Gene name.</p>
</div>
<h3>Web Services</h3>
<div>
<p>The <a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/">web services</a> are available to retrieve the data in JSON or HTML
formats from a <a href="/research/snpdelscore/static/main/software/snp_rest_client.py" target="_blank">client</a> based in a RESTful service</p>
<h3>RESTful URLs</h3>
<h4>Retrieve all SNP data</h4>
<ol>
<li>Search SNP by ID, HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snp/?name=rs7417106">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snp/?name=rs7417106
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNP by ID, JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snp.json?name=rs7417106">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snp/?name=rs7417106&format=json
</a>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Retrieve calculated data</h4>
<ol>
<li>Search SNP by ID, HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?name=rs7417106">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?name=rs7417106
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNP by ID, JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?name=rs7417106">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?name=rs7417106&format=json
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNP by Gene name, HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?gene_name=DDX11L1">
https:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?gene_name=DDX11L1
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNP by Gene name, JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?gene_name=DDX11L1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?gene_name=DDX11L1&format=json
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by chromosome, HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by chromosome, JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?chr=chr1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1&format=json
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by chromosome and region, HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1&start=0&end=3369847">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1&start=0&end=3369847
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by chromosome and region, JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?chr=chr1&start=0&end=3369847">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr1&start=0&end=3369847&format=json
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by method: CAPE eQTL (use method's number as shown in
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/methods/">Methods</a>),
HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?method=1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?method=1
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by method: CAPE eQTL (use method's number as shown in
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/methods/">Methods</a>),
JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?method=1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?method=1&format=json
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells (use tissue's number as shown in <a
href="/research/snpdelscore/tissues/">Tissues</a>), HTML format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?tissue=33">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?tissue=33
</a>
</li>
<li>Search SNPs by tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells (use tissue's number as shown in <a
href="/research/snpdelscore/tissues/">Tissues</a>), JSON format:
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata.json?tissue=33">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?tissue=33&format=json
</a>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>Results in JSON format</h3>
<p>The results in JSON format for the calculated data follows the next syntax:</p>
<pre>
{
"count": 4059,
"next": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/api/snpdata/?page=2",
"previous": null,
"results": [
{
"name": "rs7417106",
"pos": 911595,
"ref": "A",
"alt": "G",
"chr": "chr1",
"method": "CAPE eQTL",
"tissue": "GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells",
"value": 0.00483957
]
}
</pre>
<h4>Global Fields</h4>
<ul>
<li><b>count</b>: total number of SNPs retrieved</li>
<li><b>next</b>: URL to be used to retrieve the next set of results</li>
<li><b>previous</b>: URL to be used to retrieve the previous set of results</li>
<li><b>results</b>: List of results</li>
</ul>
<h4>SNP Fields</h4>
<ul>
<li><b>name</b>: SNP ID</li>
<li><b>pos</b>: SNP position</li>
<li><b>ref</b>: SNP reference</li>
<li><b>alt</b>: SNP alternative</li>
<li><b>chr</b>: Chromosome</li>
<li><b>method</b>: Method used to calculate the prediction</li>
<li><b>tissue</b>: Tissue used</li>
<li><b>value</b>: Prediction value</li>
</ul>
<h3>Combining options</h3>
<p>All options can be used together to retrieve the specific data. For example, to retrieve the list of SNPs in
the
region: <b>chr5:5689-758812640</b> calculated with the method <b>CAPE eQTL</b></p>
<a href="/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr5&start=5689&end=758812&&method=1">
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/snpdelscore/api/snpdata/?chr=chr5&start=5689&end=758812640&&method=1
</a>
</div>
<h3>Web Services Client</h3>
<div>
<p>The Web Services can be accessed through any external application that can query URLs and parse the JSON
output.</p>
<h3>Python Client</h3>
<p>A Python (version 3) script was developed to act as a client for the Web Services. The script can be used to
query the RESTfull
API available through this web application.</p>
<p>The script can be downloaded from <a href="/research/snpdelscore/static/main/software/snp_rest_client.py">here</a> and use
command line options to retrieve the data.</p>
<h4>Options used to query the RESTfull API</h4>
<pre>
-i Input file. Each line can be snp name, gene name or genome coordinates
-n Search by SNP ID
-g Search by Gene name
-c Search by chromosome name and region. Format: chr1 or chr1:pos or chr1:start-end
-m Search by method used
-t Search by tissue used
-b Print output in BED format
</pre>
<h4>Example 1</h4>
<p>Search SNPs in chromosome 2 calculated with CAPE dsQTL and print the output in BED format.</p>
<p>Command line:</p>
<pre>
#> python snp_rest_client.py -b -m 3 -c chr1:10500-15100
</pre>
<p>Output:</p>
<pre>
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 1.632919 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: Average
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 1.357423 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: Average
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 3.137345 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 0.324705 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
chr1 13118 rs200579949 A G 1.696014 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: Average
chr1 13118 rs200579949 A G 1.195338 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
chr1 13273 rs531730856 G C 0.909246 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
...
</pre>
<h4>Example 2</h4>
<p>Search SNPs from file and print the output in BED format.</p>
<p>Command line:</p>
<pre>
#> python snp_rest_client.py -b -i infile
</pre>
<p>Input file: infile</p>
<pre>
rs62635286
chr1:11000-11100
</pre>
<p>Output:</p>
<pre>
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 0.324705 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 2.54928 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 2.024774 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: K562 Leukemia Cells
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 3.137345 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: GM12878 Lymphoblastoid Cells
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 0.599368 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 0.335556 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: K562 Leukemia Cells
</pre>
<h4>Example 3</h4>
<p>Search SNPs from file with data calculated for the tissue: K562 Leukemia Cells and print the output in BED
format.</p>
<p>Command line:</p>
<pre>
#> python snp_rest_client.py -b -i infile -t 40
</pre>
<p>Input file: infile</p>
<pre>
rs62635286
chr1:11000-11100
</pre>
<p>Output:</p>
<pre>
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G 2.024774 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: K562 Leukemia Cells
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G 0.335556 # Method: deltaSVM, Tissue: K562 Leukemia Cells
</pre>
</div>
<h3>How to include data into the SNPDelScore database?</h3>
<div>
<p>SNPDelScore is based on a set of SNPs IDs. Download this
<a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/snpdelscore/SNPs/SNPs.vcf.gz">VCF file</a> for a complete
list of available SNPs
(<a href="https://samtools.github.io/hts-specs/VCFv4.2.pdf">VCF format definition</a>).
Currently, SNPDelScore includes 12 591 046 SNPs.
</p>
<pre>
#CHROM POS ID REF ALT
chr1 11008 rs575272151 C G
chr1 11012 rs544419019 C G
chr1 13110 rs540538026 G A
chr1 13116 rs62635286 T G
chr1 13118 rs200579949 A G
chr1 13273 rs531730856 G C
chr1 14464 rs546169444 A T
</pre>
<p>SNPDelScore is able to import data in the same format including any predicted value as an extra column.
Please, note that it should be submitted <b>one file per cell line</b> using the method name and the tissue
code in the file name, e.g.
<a href="ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/snpdelscore/rawdata/CAPE_dsQTL_E003.vcf.gz">
CAPE_dsQTL_E003.vcf.gz</a> for method CAPE-dsQTL and the cell line H1 Cells (E003).
</p>
<p>Check our raw data files <a href="/research/snpdelscore/rawdata/">here</a></p>
<p>Contact <a href="mailto:ovcharen@nih.gov">Dr. Ivan Ovcharenko</a> for data submission.</p>
<pre>
#CHROM POS ID REF ALT VALUE
chr1 11008 rs575272151 C G 0.9942
chr1 13110 rs540538026 G A 0.0386
chr1 14930 rs75454623 A G 0.0685
chr1 15211 rs78601809 T G 0.2551
chr1 16949 rs199745162 A C 0.0261
chr1 30923 rs806731 G T 0.0857
</pre>
</div>
<h3>Contacts</h3>
<div>
<p>Any question, comment or request should be addressed to
<a href="mailto:ovcharen@nih.gov">Dr. Ivan Ovcharenko</a>
</p>
<h4>Collaborators</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="mailto:veraalva@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">Dr. Roberto Vera Alvarez</a></li>
<li><a href="mailto:shan.li@nih.gov">Dr. Shan Li</a></li>
<li><a href="mailto:landsman@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">Dr. David Landsman</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
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