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<meta name="keywords" content="C1968603, autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 5, autosomal recessive osteopetrosis type 5, disease or syndrome, infantile malignant osteopetrosis 3, optb5, osteopetrosis (disease) caused by mutation in ostm1, osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 5, osteopetrosis infantile malignant 3, osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive 5, osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive type 5, osteopetrosis, infantile malignant 3, ostm1, ostm1 osteopetrosis (disease), ostm1-related autosomal recessive osteopetrosis, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis-5 (OPTB5) is a form of infantile malignant osteopetrosis, characterized by defective osteoclast function resulting in decreased bone resorption and generalized osteosclerosis. Defective resorption causes development of densely sclerotic fragile bones and progressive obliteration of the marrow spaces and cranial foramina. Marrow obliteration is associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis and hepatosplenomegaly, and results in anemia and thrombocytopenia, whereas nerve entrapment accounts for progressive blindness and hearing loss. Other major manifestations include failure to thrive, pathologic fractures, and increased infection rate. Most affected children succumb to severe bone marrow failure and overwhelming infection in the first few years of life (summary by Quarello et al., 2004)." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 5 (Concept Id: C1968603)
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<!--
UID=409627
ConceptID=C1968603
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis 5<span class="h1sub">(OPTB5)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>409627</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C1968603</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Osteopetrosis infantile malignant 3; OSTM1-Related Autosomal Recessive Osteopetrosis</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="OSTM1 - ID: 28962 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/28962" class="medgenPMinfo">OSTM1</a> (6q21)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0009817" target="_blank">MONDO:0009817</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/259720" target="_blank">259720</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_100">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis-5 (OPTB5) is a form of infantile malignant osteopetrosis, characterized by defective osteoclast function resulting in decreased bone resorption and generalized osteosclerosis. Defective resorption causes development of densely sclerotic fragile bones and progressive obliteration of the marrow spaces and cranial foramina. Marrow obliteration is associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis and hepatosplenomegaly, and results in anemia and thrombocytopenia, whereas nerve entrapment accounts for progressive blindness and hearing loss. Other major manifestations include failure to thrive, pathologic fractures, and increased infection rate. Most affected children succumb to severe bone marrow failure and overwhelming infection in the first few years of life (summary by Quarello et al., 2004). [from <a title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man" href="http://www.omim.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">OMIM</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_description">Additional description</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />Osteopetrosis is a bone disease that makes bone tissue abnormally compact and dense and also prone to breakage (fracture). Researchers have described several major types of osteopetrosis, which are usually distinguished by their pattern of inheritance: autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. The different types of the disorder can also be distinguished by the severity of their signs and symptoms.<br /><br />In individuals with ADO who develop signs and symptoms, the major features of the condition include multiple bone fractures after minor injury, abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine (scoliosis) or other spinal abnormalities, arthritis in the hips, and a bone infection called osteomyelitis. These problems usually become apparent in late childhood or adolescence.<br /><br />Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) is a more severe form of the disorder that becomes apparent in early infancy. Affected individuals have a high risk of bone fracture resulting from seemingly minor bumps and falls. Their abnormally dense skull bones pinch nerves in the head and face (cranial nerves), often resulting in vision loss, hearing loss, and paralysis of facial muscles. Dense bones can also impair the function of bone marrow, preventing it from producing new blood cells and immune system cells. As a result, people with severe osteopetrosis are at risk of abnormal bleeding, a shortage of red blood cells (anemia), and recurrent infections. In the most severe cases, these bone marrow abnormalities can be life-threatening in infancy or early childhood.<br /><br />A few individuals have been diagnosed with intermediate autosomal osteopetrosis (IAO), a form of the disorder that can have either an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. The signs and symptoms of this condition become noticeable in childhood and include an increased risk of bone fracture and anemia. People with this form of the disorder typically do not have life-threatening bone marrow abnormalities. However, some affected individuals have had abnormal calcium deposits (calcifications) in the brain, intellectual disability, and a form of kidney disease called renal tubular acidosis.<br /><br />Autosomal dominant osteopetrosis (ADO), which is also called Albers-Schönberg disease, is typically the mildest type of the disorder. Some affected individuals have no symptoms. In affected people with no symptoms, the unusually dense bones may be discovered by accident when an x-ray is done for another reason. <br /><br />Other features of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis can include slow growth and short stature, dental abnormalities, and an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly). Depending on the genetic changes involved, people with severe osteopetrosis can also have brain abnormalities, intellectual disability, or recurrent seizures (epilepsy).  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteopetrosis">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteopetrosis</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_140946"><div><strong>Hip subluxation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>140946</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0434785</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Injury or Poisoning</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A partial dislocation of the hip joint, whereby the head of the femur is partially displaced from the socket.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hip%20subluxation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20140946%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_333083"><div><strong>Limb hypertonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>333083</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1838391</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/333083">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limb%20hypertonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20333083%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_99124"><div><strong>Growth delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>99124</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0456070</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A deficiency or slowing down of growth pre- and postnatally.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/99124">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Growth%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2099124%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_416"><div><strong>Ascites</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>416</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0003962</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (between the layers of the peritoneum that lines the abdomen).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/416">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ascites%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20416%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42428"><div><strong>Hepatomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019209</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased size of the liver.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9225"><div><strong>Hepatosplenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9225</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019214</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Simultaneous enlargement of the liver and spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9225">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hepatosplenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209225%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_88444"><div><strong>Liver failure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>88444</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0085605</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A disorder characterized by the inability of the liver to metabolize chemicals in the body. Causes include cirrhosis and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Signs and symptoms include jaundice and encephalopathy. Laboratory test results reveal abnormal plasma levels of ammonia, bilirubin, lactic dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/88444">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Liver%20failure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2088444%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_40341"><div><strong>Clonus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>40341</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0009024</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A series of rhythmic and involuntary muscle contractions (at a frequency of about 5 to 7 Hz) that occur in response to an abruptly applied and sustained stretch.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/40341">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Clonus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2040341%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9335"><div><strong>Hydrocephalus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9335</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020255</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9335">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hydrocephalus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209335%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57738"><div><strong>Hyperreflexia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57738</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151889</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57738">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperreflexia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057738%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_115963"><div><strong>Generalized-onset seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>115963</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0234533</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A generalized-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating at some point within, and rapidly engaging, bilaterally distributed networks. The networks may include cortical and subcortical structures but not necessarily the entire cortex.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/115963">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized-onset%20seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20115963%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_116012"><div><strong>Cerebral atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>116012</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235946</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Atrophy (wasting, decrease in size of cells or tissue) affecting the cerebrum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/116012">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebral%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20116012%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98433"><div><strong>Spastic tetraplegia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98433</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426970</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Spastic paralysis affecting all four limbs.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98433">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spastic%20tetraplegia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098433%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_376697"><div><strong>Undetectable visual evoked potentials</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376697</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850069</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376697">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Undetectable%20visual%20evoked%20potentials%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20376697%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_397841"><div><strong>Irritability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>397841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2700617</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A proneness to anger, i.e., a tendency to become easily bothered or annoyed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen?term=%22Irritability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20397841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_480553"><div><strong>Ventriculomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>480553</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3278923</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increase in size of the ventricular system of the brain.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/480553">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ventriculomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20480553%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870477"><div><strong>Diffuse white matter abnormalities</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870477</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4024923</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870477">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Diffuse%20white%20matter%20abnormalities%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870477%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1526"><div><strong>Anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1526</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002871</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1526">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201526%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_604"><div><strong>Abnormality of the coagulation cascade</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>604</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0005779</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality of the coagulation cascade, which is comprised of the contact activation pathway (also known as the intrinsic pathway) and the tissue factor pathway (also known as the extrinsic pathway) as well as cofactors and regulators.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/604">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormality%20of%20the%20coagulation%20cascade%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20604%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18281"><div><strong>Pancytopenia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18281</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030312</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal reduction in numbers of all blood cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18281">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pancytopenia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018281%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52737"><div><strong>Thrombocytopenia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52737</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0040034</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52737">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thrombocytopenia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052737%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_124413"><div><strong>Hypochromic microcytic anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>124413</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0271901</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of anemia characterized by an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocytes and lower than normal size of the erythrocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/124413">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypochromic%20microcytic%20anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20124413%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_392862"><div><strong>Extramedullary hematopoiesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>392862</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2613439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The process of hematopoiesis occurring outside of the bone marrow (in the liver, thymus, and spleen) in the postnatal organisms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/392862">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Extramedullary%20hematopoiesis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20392862%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44428"><div><strong>Micrognathia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0025990</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Micrognathia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10132"><div><strong>Hypertonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10132</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026826</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A condition in which there is increased muscle tone so that arms or legs, for example, are stiff and difficult to move.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10132">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypertonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010132%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18223"><div><strong>Osteopetrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18223</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029454</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormally increased formation of dense trabecular bone tissue. Despite the increased density of bone tissue, osteopetrotic bones tend to be more fracture-prone than normal.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18223">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Osteopetrosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018223%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10502"><div><strong>Increased bone mineral density</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10502</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029464</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal increase of bone mineral density, that is, of the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones which is often referred to as osteosclerosis. Osteosclerosis can be detected on radiological examination as an increased whiteness (density) of affected bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10502">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Increased%20bone%20mineral%20density%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010502%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87660"><div><strong>Facial palsy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87660</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0376175</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Facial nerve palsy is a dysfunction of cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve) that results in inability to control facial muscles on the affected side with weakness of the muscles of facial expression and eye closure. This can either be present in unilateral or bilateral form.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87660">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Facial%20palsy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087660%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_318629"><div><strong>Cranial hyperostosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>318629</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1832451</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Excessive growth of the bones of cranium, i.e., of the skull.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/318629">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cranial%20hyperostosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20318629%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_322809"><div><strong>Poor head control</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>322809</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836038</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Difficulty to maintain correct position of the head while standing or sitting. Infant head lag is observed when the head seems to flop around or lags posteriorly behind the trunk. Several articles have maintained that head lag should be absent by age 3 to 4 months.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/322809">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Poor%20head%20control%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20322809%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337976"><div><strong>Flared metaphysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337976</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1850135</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segment of one or more long bones.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337976">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Flared%20metaphysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337976%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_342959"><div><strong>Axial hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>342959</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1853743</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) affecting the musculature of the trunk.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/342959">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Axial%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20342959%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_346841"><div><strong>Generalized hypotonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>346841</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1858120</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/346841">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Generalized%20hypotonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20346841%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_868116"><div><strong>Decreased osteoclast count</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>868116</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4022507</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased number of osteoclasts in bone tissue.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/868116">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Decreased%20osteoclast%20count%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20868116%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1644158"><div><strong>Microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1644158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551563</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1644158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201644158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_257837"><div><strong>Respiratory failure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>257837</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1145670</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/257837">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Respiratory%20failure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20257837%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9736"><div><strong>Leukocytosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9736</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0023518</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9736">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Leukocytosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209736%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52469"><div><strong>Splenomegaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52469</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0038002</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal increased size of the spleen.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52469">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Splenomegaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052469%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5705"><div><strong>Hypocalcemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5705</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020598</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally decreased calcium concentration in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5705">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypocalcemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205705%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_86321"><div><strong>Hyperbilirubinemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>86321</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0311468</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An increased amount of bilirubin in the blood.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/86321">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperbilirubinemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2086321%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87712"><div><strong>Gingival overgrowth</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87712</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0376480</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperplasia of the gingiva (that is, a thickening of the soft tissue overlying the alveolar ridge. The degree of thickening ranges from involvement of the interdental papillae alone to gingival overgrowth covering the entire tooth crown.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87712">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Gingival%20overgrowth%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087712%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_371253"><div><strong>Square face</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>371253</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1832127</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Facial contours, as viewed from the front, show a broad upper face/cranium and lower face/mandible, creating a square appearance.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/371253">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Square%20face%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20371253%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_351278"><div><strong>Long philtrum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351278</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865014</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351278">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Long%20philtrum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20351278%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_41917"><div><strong>Proptosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>41917</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0015300</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/41917">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Proptosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2041917%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10145"><div><strong>Mydriasis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10145</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026961</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal dilatation of the iris.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10145">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Mydriasis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010145%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_45166"><div><strong>Nystagmus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45166</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0028738</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45166">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Nystagmus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2045166%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_18180"><div><strong>Optic atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>18180</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0029124</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Atrophy of the optic nerve. Optic atrophy results from the death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve and manifesting as a pale optic nerve on fundoscopy.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/18180">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2018180%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_108218"><div><strong>Optic disc pallor</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>108218</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0554970</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A pale yellow discoloration of the optic disc (the area of the optic nerve head in the retina). The optic disc normally has a pinkish hue with a central yellowish depression.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/108218">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20disc%20pallor%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20108218%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_226987"><div><strong>Severely reduced visual acuity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>226987</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1301509</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Severe reduction of the ability to see. On the 6m visual acuity scale, severe reduction is defined as less than 6/60 but at least 3/60. On the 20ft visual acuity scale, severe reduction is defined as less than 20/200 but at least 20/400. On the decimal visual acuity scale, severe reduction is defined as less than 0.1 but at least 0.05.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/226987">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Severely%20reduced%20visual%20acuity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20226987%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_777085"><div><strong>Visual impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>777085</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3665347</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/777085">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Visual%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20777085%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_604" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormality of the coagulation cascade</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1526" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_392862" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Extramedullary hematopoiesis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_124413" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypochromic microcytic anemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18281" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pancytopenia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52737" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thrombocytopenia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87712" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Gingival overgrowth</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_351278" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Long philtrum</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_371253" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Square face</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_140946" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hip subluxation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_333083" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limb hypertonia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_86321" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperbilirubinemia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5705" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypocalcemia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the digestive system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_416" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ascites</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatomegaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9225" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hepatosplenomegaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_88444" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Liver failure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10145" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mydriasis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_45166" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Nystagmus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18180" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_108218" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic disc pallor</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_41917" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Proptosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_226987" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Severely reduced visual acuity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_777085" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Visual impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the immune system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9736" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Leukocytosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52469" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Splenomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_342959" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Axial hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_318629" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cranial hyperostosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_868116" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Decreased osteoclast count</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87660" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Facial palsy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337976" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Flared metaphysis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_346841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized hypotonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10132" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10502" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Increased bone mineral density</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1644158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Micrognathia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_18223" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Osteopetrosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_322809" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Poor head control</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_116012" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebral atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_40341" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Clonus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870477" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Diffuse white matter abnormalities</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_115963" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Generalized-onset seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9335" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hydrocephalus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57738" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperreflexia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_397841" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Irritability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98433" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spastic tetraplegia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_376697" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Undetectable visual evoked potentials</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_480553" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ventriculomegaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_257837" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Respiratory failure</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_99124" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Growth delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34624559">Clinical presentation and analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with malignant infantile osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Even-Or E,
Schiesel G,
Simanovsky N,
NaserEddin A,
Zaidman I,
Elpeleg O,
Mor-Shaked H,
Stepensky P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone</span>
2022 Jan;154:116229.
Epub 2021 Oct 8
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116229.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34624559" target="_blank">34624559</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19802031">Characterization and management of hypercalcemia following transplantation for osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Martinez C,
Polgreen LE,
DeFor TE,
Kivisto T,
Petryk A,
Tolar J,
Orchard PJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone Marrow Transplant</span>
2010 May;45(5):939-44.
Epub 2009 Oct 5
doi: 10.1038/bmt.2009.277.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19802031" target="_blank">19802031</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5676308" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11040159">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: diagnosis, management, and outcome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wilson CJ,
Vellodi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
2000 Nov;83(5):449-52.
doi: 10.1136/adc.83.5.449.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11040159" target="_blank">11040159</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1718540" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (4)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23657117">Skeletal dysplasias with increased bone density: evolution of molecular pathogenesis in the last century.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aggarwal S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gene</span>
2013 Oct 1;528(1):41-5.
Epub 2013 May 5
doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.069.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23657117" target="_blank">23657117</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19232111">Osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stark Z,
Savarirayan R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2009 Feb 20;4:5.
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-4-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19232111" target="_blank">19232111</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2654865" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16307387">A clinical and molecular overview of the human osteopetroses.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Balemans W,
Van Wesenbeeck L,
Van Hul W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Calcif Tissue Int</span>
2005 Nov;77(5):263-74.
Epub 2005 Nov 16
doi: 10.1007/s00223-005-0027-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16307387" target="_blank">16307387</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16015181">Otologic manifestations of malignant osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dozier TS,
Duncan IM,
Klein AJ,
Lambert PR,
Key LL Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otol Neurotol</span>
2005 Jul;26(4):762-6.
doi: 10.1097/01.mao.0000178139.27472.8d.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16015181" target="_blank">16015181</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1732971">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: bone marrow imaging.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Elster AD,
Theros EG,
Key LL,
Stanton C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Radiology</span>
1992 Feb;182(2):507-14.
doi: 10.1148/radiology.182.2.1732971.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1732971" target="_blank">1732971</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (23)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37672091">Osteopetrorickets: two contradictory patterns-one unifying diagnosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Behr G,
Kuhn M,
Oved JH,
Sulis ML</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Skeletal Radiol</span>
2024 Apr;53(4):817-820.
Epub 2023 Sep 6
doi: 10.1007/s00256-023-04443-z.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37672091" target="_blank">37672091</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11376466" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23657117">Skeletal dysplasias with increased bone density: evolution of molecular pathogenesis in the last century.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Aggarwal S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Gene</span>
2013 Oct 1;528(1):41-5.
Epub 2013 May 5
doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.069.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23657117" target="_blank">23657117</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19232111">Osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Stark Z,
Savarirayan R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2009 Feb 20;4:5.
doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-4-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19232111" target="_blank">19232111</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2654865" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12772872">Osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kocher MS,
Kasser JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)</span>
2003 May;32(5):222-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12772872" target="_blank">12772872</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11040159">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: diagnosis, management, and outcome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wilson CJ,
Vellodi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
2000 Nov;83(5):449-52.
doi: 10.1136/adc.83.5.449.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11040159" target="_blank">11040159</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1718540" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (30)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30898950">Osteomyelitis of the mandible secondary to malignant infantile osteopetrosis in an adult.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dunphy L,
Warfield A,
Williams R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2019 Mar 20;12(3)
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224452.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30898950" target="_blank">30898950</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6453288" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19802031">Characterization and management of hypercalcemia following transplantation for osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Martinez C,
Polgreen LE,
DeFor TE,
Kivisto T,
Petryk A,
Tolar J,
Orchard PJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone Marrow Transplant</span>
2010 May;45(5):939-44.
Epub 2009 Oct 5
doi: 10.1038/bmt.2009.277.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19802031" target="_blank">19802031</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5676308" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20954561">Mild autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: successful treatment with bone marrow transplant.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Othman IS,
Ibrahim H,
Hii KC,
Ong GB,
Menon BS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med J Malaysia</span>
2009 Dec;64(4):325-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20954561" target="_blank">20954561</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/13130312">Long-term outcome of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: an EBMT report.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Driessen GJ,
Gerritsen EJ,
Fischer A,
Fasth A,
Hop WC,
Veys P,
Porta F,
Cant A,
Steward CG,
Vossen JM,
Uckan D,
Friedrich W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Bone Marrow Transplant</span>
2003 Oct;32(7):657-63.
doi: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704194.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/13130312" target="_blank">13130312</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7996361">Bone marrow transplantation for autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. A report from the Working Party on Inborn Errors of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gerritsen EJ,
Vossen JM,
Fasth A,
Friedrich W,
Morgan G,
Padmos A,
Vellodi A,
Porras O,
O'Meara A,
Porta F</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
1994 Dec;125(6 Pt 1):896-902.
doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82004-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7996361" target="_blank">7996361</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38261998">Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis (ADO) Caused by a Missense Variant in the TCIRG1 Gene.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jodeh W,
Katz AJ,
Hart M,
Warden SJ,
Niziolek P,
Alam I,
Ing S,
Polgreen LE,
Imel EA,
Econs MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
2024 Jun 17;109(7):1726-1732.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38261998" target="_blank">38261998</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11180502" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37349768">Brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis (BANDDOS): new cases, systematic literature review, and associations with CSF1R-ALSP.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dulski J,
Souza J,
Santos ML,
Wszolek ZK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2023 Jun 22;18(1):160.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02772-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37349768" target="_blank">37349768</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10288773" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16015181">Otologic manifestations of malignant osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dozier TS,
Duncan IM,
Klein AJ,
Lambert PR,
Key LL Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otol Neurotol</span>
2005 Jul;26(4):762-6.
doi: 10.1097/01.mao.0000178139.27472.8d.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16015181" target="_blank">16015181</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11885723">Multiple fractures in a 3-month-old infant with severe infantile osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bodamer OA,
Bravermann RM,
Craigen WJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Paediatr Child Health</span>
2001 Oct;37(5):520-2.
doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00710.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11885723" target="_blank">11885723</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/11040159">Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis: diagnosis, management, and outcome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wilson CJ,
Vellodi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
2000 Nov;83(5):449-52.
doi: 10.1136/adc.83.5.449.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/11040159" target="_blank">11040159</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1718540" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (17)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38261998">Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis (ADO) Caused by a Missense Variant in the TCIRG1 Gene.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jodeh W,
Katz AJ,
Hart M,
Warden SJ,
Niziolek P,
Alam I,
Ing S,
Polgreen LE,
Imel EA,
Econs MJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Endocrinol Metab</span>
2024 Jun 17;109(7):1726-1732.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38261998" target="_blank">38261998</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11180502" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37349768">Brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis (BANDDOS): new cases, systematic literature review, and associations with CSF1R-ALSP.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dulski J,
Souza J,
Santos ML,
Wszolek ZK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2023 Jun 22;18(1):160.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02772-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37349768" target="_blank">37349768</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10288773" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30867839">ClC-7 Regulates the Pattern and Early Development of Craniofacial Bone and Tooth.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhang Y,
Ji D,
Li L,
Yang S,
Zhang H,
Duan X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Theranostics</span>
2019;9(5):1387-1400.
Epub 2019 Feb 20
doi: 10.7150/thno.29761.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30867839" target="_blank">30867839</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6401512" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16015181">Otologic manifestations of malignant osteopetrosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dozier TS,
Duncan IM,
Klein AJ,
Lambert PR,
Key LL Jr</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Otol Neurotol</span>
2005 Jul;26(4):762-6.
doi: 10.1097/01.mao.0000178139.27472.8d.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16015181" target="_blank">16015181</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12627228">Grey-lethal mutation induces severe malignant autosomal recessive osteopetrosis in mouse and human.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chalhoub N,
Benachenhou N,
Rajapurohitam V,
Pata M,
Ferron M,
Frattini A,
Villa A,
Vacher J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Med</span>
2003 Apr;9(4):399-406.
Epub 2003 Mar 10
doi: 10.1038/nm842.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12627228" target="_blank">12627228</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (16)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37349768">Brain abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and dysosteosclerosis (BANDDOS): new cases, systematic literature review, and associations with CSF1R-ALSP.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Dulski J,
Souza J,
Santos ML,
Wszolek ZK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Orphanet J Rare Dis</span>
2023 Jun 22;18(1):160.
doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02772-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37349768" target="_blank">37349768</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10288773" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (27)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (31)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (12)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (36)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=259720" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=607649" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=28962[geneid]" target="_blank">View OSTM1 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/163965386" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=259720" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/Osteopetrosis+autosomal+recessive+5/5481" target="_blank">Genetic Alliance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/osteopetrosis_autosomal_recessive_5_2" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteopetrosis" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/4153/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
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<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
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<a href="/pubmed?term=Autosomal%20recessive%20osteopetrosis%205%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=2" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C1968603[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR(Clinical)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/mesh?LinkName=medgen_mesh&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">MeSH</a>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/omim?LinkName=medgen_omim_gene&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">OMIM(Genes)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">OMIM records containing genes associated with phenotypes registered in MedGen</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pmc?LinkName=medgen_pmc&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">PMC Articles</a>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_omim&amp;from_uid=409627" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (OMIM)</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
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