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<meta name="keywords" content="C0241157, finding, pimple, pussey spot, pustula, pustular lesion, pustule, pustules, skin pustule, skin pustules, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="A small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
UID=488804
ConceptID=C0241157
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Pustule</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>488804</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0241157</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Pustules</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Pustule (271760008); Pussey spot (271760008); Pustule (47002008)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0200039">HP:0200039</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">A small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Pustule</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867388" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the immune system">Abnormality of the immune system</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/869194" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of immune system physiology">Abnormality of immune system physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868411" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal inflammatory response">Abnormal inflammatory response</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868409" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Increased inflammatory response">Increased inflammatory response</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/849741" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Inflammatory abnormality of the skin">Inflammatory abnormality of the skin</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Pustule</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/45290" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Palmoplantar pustulosis">Palmoplantar pustulosis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_581114"><div><strong>Acrodermatitis continua suppurativa of Hallopeau</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>581114</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0392439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A rare, genetic, chronic, recurrent, slowly progressive, epidermal disease characterized by small, sterile, pustular eruptions, involving the nails and surrounding skin of the fingers and/or toes, which coalesce and burst, leaving erythematous, atrophic skin where new pustules develop. Onychodystrophy is frequently associated and anonychia and osteolysis are reported in severe cases. Local expansion (to involve the hands, forearms and/or feet) and involvement of mucosal surfaces (e.g. conjunctiva, tongue, urethra) may be observed.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/581114">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_411230"><div><strong>Sterile multifocal osteomyelitis with periostitis and pustulosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>411230</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2748507</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis-2 with periostitis and pustulosis (CRMO2) is an autosomal recessive multisystemic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by onset of symptoms in early infancy. Affected individuals present with joint swelling and pain, pustular rash, oral mucosal lesions, and fetal distress. The disorder progresses in severity to generalized severe pustulosis or ichthyosiform lesions and diffuse bone lesions. Radiographic studies show widening of the anterior rib ends, periosteal elevation along multiple long bones, multifocal osteolytic lesions, heterotopic ossification, and metaphyseal erosions of the long bones. Laboratory studies show elevation of inflammatory markers. The disorder results from unopposed activation of the IL1 inflammatory signaling pathway. Treatment with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra may result in clinical improvement (Aksentijevich et al., 2009).&#13; For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CRMO, see 609628.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/411230">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_482131"><div><strong>Inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 1</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>482131</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3280501</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Any neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAM17 gene.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/482131">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863159"><div><strong>STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863159</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4014722</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy is an autoinflammatory vasculopathy causing severe skin lesions, particularly affecting the face, ears, nose, and digits, and resulting in ulceration, eschar formation, necrosis, and, in some cases, amputation. Many patients have interstitial lung disease. Tissue biopsy and laboratory findings show a hyperinflammatory state, with evidence of increased beta-interferon (IFNB1; 147640) signaling (summary by Liu et al., 2014).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863159">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_863567"><div><strong>Inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 2</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>863567</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4015130</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Neonatal nephrocutaneous inflammatory syndrome (NNCIS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation and premature birth, fragile infection-prone skin, and nephromegaly with tubular dysfunction. Some patients have chronic diarrhea, and necrotizing enterocolitis with intestinal perforation has been observed. Other features include facial dysmorphisms and cardiac anomalies. Most patients require ventilatory and circulatory support at birth, exhibit failure to thrive, experience recurrent infections with sepsis as a common complication, and die within 6 months (Mazurova et al., 2020; Labbouz et al., 2023).&#13; Reviews&#13; Takeichi and Akiyama (2021) reviewed published reports of patients with mutation in the EGFR gene, whose features included intrauterine growth restriction; thin, translucent, and fragile skin (14 of 15 cases); skin desquamation (10 of 17 cases); ichthyosis (9 of 17 cases); recurrent skin infections and sepsis (9 of 12 cases); nephromegaly (10 of 16 cases); and congenital heart defects (7 of 17 cases). Other observed features included erythroderma, tubulopathy, necrotizing enterocolitis/intestinal perforation, cryptorchidism, hyperimmunoglobulin E, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Almost all children died within 2.5 years after birth. The authors suggested that EGFR-associated systemic inflammatory diseases should be considered a part of the clinical spectrum of 'autoinflammatory keratinization diseases' (AiKDs).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/863567">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934770"><div><strong>Immunodeficiency 51</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934770</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310803</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Immunodeficiency-51 (IMD51) is an autosomal recessive primary immune deficiency that is usually characterized by onset of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in the first years of life. Most patients also show recurrent Staphylococcal skin infections, and may show increased susceptibility to chronic bacterial respiratory infections. Patient cells show a lack of cellular responses to stimulation with certain IL17 isoforms, including IL17A (603149), IL17F (606496), IL17A/F, and IL17E (IL25; 605658) (summary by Levy et al., 2016).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934770">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1717128"><div><strong>Immunodeficiency 66</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1717128</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5394265</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Immunodeficiency-66 (IMD66) is an autosomal recessive primary immune disorder caused by defective immune cell migration and chemotaxis resulting from defects in cytoskeletal actin dynamics. Neutrophils are primarily affected, although there may be defects in dendritic cells and T and B cells. The phenotype is characterized by onset of recurrent bacterial infections in infancy. Laboratory studies show normal levels of myeloid and lymphoid cells, but there may be mild thrombocytopenia (summary by Record et al., 2015).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1717128">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_581114" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acrodermatitis continua suppurativa of Hallopeau</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934770" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Immunodeficiency 51</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1717128" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Immunodeficiency 66</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_482131" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 1</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_863567" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 2</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_411230" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sterile multifocal osteomyelitis with periostitis and pustulosis</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_863159" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32926975">Clinical presentation and management of atypical and recalcitrant acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hadavand MA,
Kaffenberger B,
Cartron AM,
Trinidad JCL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Acad Dermatol</span>
2022 Sep;87(3):632-639.
Epub 2020 Sep 11
doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.09.024.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32926975" target="_blank">32926975</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29450466">Diagnostic Criteria of Ulcerative Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Delphi Consensus of International Experts.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Maverakis E,
Ma C,
Shinkai K,
Fiorentino D,
Callen JP,
Wollina U,
Marzano AV,
Wallach D,
Kim K,
Schadt C,
Ormerod A,
Fung MA,
Steel A,
Patel F,
Qin R,
Craig F,
Williams HC,
Powell F,
Merleev A,
Cheng MY</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Dermatol</span>
2018 Apr 1;154(4):461-466.
doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.5980.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29450466" target="_blank">29450466</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28650692">The Role of Polyphenols in Rosacea Treatment: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saric S,
Clark AK,
Sivamani RK,
Lio PA,
Lev-Tov HA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Altern Complement Med</span>
2017 Dec;23(12):920-929.
Epub 2017 Jun 26
doi: 10.1089/acm.2016.0398.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28650692" target="_blank">28650692</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22pustule%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (16)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/39301836">What is "eczema"?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tokura Y,
Yunoki M,
Kondo S,
Otsuka M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatol</span>
2025 Feb;52(2):192-203.
Epub 2024 Sep 20
doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.17439.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/39301836" target="_blank">39301836</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11807370" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36252152">Monkeypox after Occupational Needlestick Injury from Pustule.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Caldas JP,
Valdoleiros SR,
Rebelo S,
Tavares M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Emerg Infect Dis</span>
2022 Dec;28(12):2516-2519.
Epub 2022 Oct 17
doi: 10.3201/eid2812.221374.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36252152" target="_blank">36252152</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9707600" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35061228">Pathophysiology of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marrakchi S,
Puig L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Clin Dermatol</span>
2022 Jan;23(Suppl 1):13-19.
Epub 2022 Jan 21
doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00655-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35061228" target="_blank">35061228</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8801405" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25848786">Retrospective review of the case of cutaneous anthrax-malignant pustule from 1995 in 15-year old girl.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kajfasz P,
Bartoszcze M,
Borkowski PK,
Basiak W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Przegl Epidemiol</span>
2014;68(4):657-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25848786" target="_blank">25848786</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12677433">Pathophysiology of generalized pustular psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iizuka H,
Takahashi H,
Ishida-Yamamoto A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dermatol Res</span>
2003 Apr;295 Suppl 1:S55-9.
Epub 2003 Jan 25
doi: 10.1007/s00403-002-0372-5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12677433" target="_blank">12677433</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (106)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36331364">Prevalence, comorbidities and mortality of generalized pustular psoriasis: A literature review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Prinz JC,
Choon SE,
Griffiths CEM,
Merola JF,
Morita A,
Ashcroft DM,
Viguier M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol</span>
2023 Feb;37(2):256-273.
Epub 2022 Dec 3
doi: 10.1111/jdv.18720.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36331364" target="_blank">36331364</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34818170">Acne vulgaris.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Heath CR,
Usatine RP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Fam Pract</span>
2021 Sep;70(7):356.
doi: 10.12788/jfp.0271.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34818170" target="_blank">34818170</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33236823">Oral manifestations of COVID-19 disease: A review article.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Iranmanesh B,
Khalili M,
Amiri R,
Zartab H,
Aflatoonian M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2021 Jan;34(1):e14578.
Epub 2020 Dec 13
doi: 10.1111/dth.14578.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33236823" target="_blank">33236823</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7744903" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32000929">Rare Vesiculopustular Eruptions of the Neonatal Period.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lalor LE,
Chiu YE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Perinatol</span>
2020 Mar;47(1):53-75.
Epub 2019 Sep 30
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2019.09.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32000929" target="_blank">32000929</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22791727">Pyoderma gangrenosum.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Agrawal S,
Singhania B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2010 Oct 28;2010
doi: 10.1136/bcr.04.2010.2942.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22791727" target="_blank">22791727</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3028093" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (162)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31697211">Review of treatments for generalized pustular psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kearns DG,
Chat VS,
Zang PD,
Han G,
Wu JJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatolog Treat</span>
2021 Aug;32(5):492-494.
Epub 2020 Jan 15
doi: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1682502.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31697211" target="_blank">31697211</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26474193">Pyoderma gangrenosum and pregnancy: an example of abnormal inflammation and challenging treatment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Steele RB,
Nugent WH,
Braswell SF,
Frisch S,
Ferrell J,
Ortega-Loayza AG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Dermatol</span>
2016 Jan;174(1):77-87.
Epub 2015 Dec 14
doi: 10.1111/bjd.14230.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26474193" target="_blank">26474193</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25848786">Retrospective review of the case of cutaneous anthrax-malignant pustule from 1995 in 15-year old girl.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kajfasz P,
Bartoszcze M,
Borkowski PK,
Basiak W</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Przegl Epidemiol</span>
2014;68(4):657-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25848786" target="_blank">25848786</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/9557242">Acneiform dermatoses.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Plewig G,
Jansen T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatology</span>
1998;196(1):102-7.
doi: 10.1159/000017841.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/9557242" target="_blank">9557242</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8629828">Neonatal Malassezia furfur pustulosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rapelanoro R,
Mortureux P,
Couprie B,
Maleville J,
Taïeb A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dermatol</span>
1996 Feb;132(2):190-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8629828" target="_blank">8629828</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (167)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36585391">A homozygous loss-of-function variant in the MPO gene is associated with generalized pustular psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Onitsuka M,
Farooq M,
Iqbal MN,
Yasuno S,
Shimomura Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatol</span>
2023 May;50(5):664-671.
Epub 2022 Dec 30
doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16700.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36585391" target="_blank">36585391</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36331364">Prevalence, comorbidities and mortality of generalized pustular psoriasis: A literature review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Prinz JC,
Choon SE,
Griffiths CEM,
Merola JF,
Morita A,
Ashcroft DM,
Viguier M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol</span>
2023 Feb;37(2):256-273.
Epub 2022 Dec 3
doi: 10.1111/jdv.18720.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36331364" target="_blank">36331364</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34351040">Acute localized exanthematous pustulosis: Clinical features, pathophysiology, and therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Safa I,
Ines L,
Noureddine L,
Meriem J,
Manel N,
Belhajali H,
Faten Z,
Zili J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2021 Sep;34(5):e15087.
Epub 2021 Aug 25
doi: 10.1111/dth.15087.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34351040" target="_blank">34351040</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21125780">Pyoderma gangrenosum.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saigal R,
Singh Y,
Mittal M,
Kansal A,
Maharia HR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Assoc Physicians India</span>
2010 Jun;58:378-83.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21125780" target="_blank">21125780</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16650164">Acropustulosis repens.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Proença NG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2006 Apr;45(4):389-93.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02473.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16650164" target="_blank">16650164</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (61)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38782433">Subconjunctival Dirofilaria masquerading as nodular scleritis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sinha S,
Tarini S,
Panchal B,
Mishra DK</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ Case Rep</span>
2024 May 22;17(5)
doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-259519.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38782433" target="_blank">38782433</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36585391">A homozygous loss-of-function variant in the MPO gene is associated with generalized pustular psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Onitsuka M,
Farooq M,
Iqbal MN,
Yasuno S,
Shimomura Y</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatol</span>
2023 May;50(5):664-671.
Epub 2022 Dec 30
doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16700.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36585391" target="_blank">36585391</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16650164">Acropustulosis repens.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Proença NG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Dermatol</span>
2006 Apr;45(4):389-93.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02473.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16650164" target="_blank">16650164</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8629828">Neonatal Malassezia furfur pustulosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rapelanoro R,
Mortureux P,
Couprie B,
Maleville J,
Taïeb A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dermatol</span>
1996 Feb;132(2):190-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8629828" target="_blank">8629828</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/87084">Chronic non-scarring folliculitis of the scalp.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hersle K,
Mobacken H,
Möller A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
1979;59(3):249-53.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/87084" target="_blank">87084</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (94)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34351040">Acute localized exanthematous pustulosis: Clinical features, pathophysiology, and therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Safa I,
Ines L,
Noureddine L,
Meriem J,
Manel N,
Belhajali H,
Faten Z,
Zili J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dermatol Ther</span>
2021 Sep;34(5):e15087.
Epub 2021 Aug 25
doi: 10.1111/dth.15087.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34351040" target="_blank">34351040</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31697211">Review of treatments for generalized pustular psoriasis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kearns DG,
Chat VS,
Zang PD,
Han G,
Wu JJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Dermatolog Treat</span>
2021 Aug;32(5):492-494.
Epub 2020 Jan 15
doi: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1682502.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31697211" target="_blank">31697211</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32089415">Granular cell tumor a study of 42 cases and systemic review of the literature.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mobarki M,
Dumollard JM,
Dal Col P,
Camy F,
Peoc'h M,
Karpathiou G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pathol Res Pract</span>
2020 Apr;216(4):152865.
Epub 2020 Feb 12
doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152865.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32089415" target="_blank">32089415</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28650692">The Role of Polyphenols in Rosacea Treatment: A Systematic Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Saric S,
Clark AK,
Sivamani RK,
Lio PA,
Lev-Tov HA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Altern Complement Med</span>
2017 Dec;23(12):920-929.
Epub 2017 Jun 26
doi: 10.1089/acm.2016.0398.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28650692" target="_blank">28650692</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16437433">Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Marsland AM,
Chalmers RJ,
Hollis S,
Leonardi-Bee J,
Griffiths CE</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2006 Jan 25;2006(1):CD001433.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001433.pub2.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16437433" target="_blank">16437433</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8958875" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Pustule%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (7)</a></div></div>
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