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<meta name="keywords" content="C0040038, blood clot in blood vessel, embolism and thrombosis, finding, pathologic function, thromboembolic disease, thromboembolic disorder, thromboembolic event, thromboembolic events, thromboembolism, thromboembolism - lesion, thromboembolisms, thromboembolus, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel that subsequently travels through the blood stream from the site where it formed to another location in the body, generally leading to vascular occlusion at the distant site." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Thromboembolism</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>21532</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0040038</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding; Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>Thromboembolisms</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Thromboembolic disorder (371039008); Thromboembolism (371039008); Thromboembolic disease (371039008); Thromboembolus (13713005); Thromboembolism (13713005); Thromboembolism - lesion (13713005)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0001907">HP:0001907</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel that subsequently travels through the blood stream from the site where it formed to another location in the body, generally leading to vascular occlusion at the distant site. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Thromboembolism</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163092" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871247" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal thrombosis">Abnormal thrombosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Thromboembolism</span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/824274" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Antepartum Obstetric Thromboembolism">Antepartum Obstetric Thromboembolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1742891" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for COVID-19-Associated Thromboembolism">COVID-19-Associated Thromboembolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/40190" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis">Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/40119" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Carotid artery thrombosis">Carotid artery thrombosis</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/155710" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intracranial embolism">Intracranial embolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/199820" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intracranial thrombosis">Intracranial thrombosis</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/20771" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Intracranial sinus thrombosis">Intracranial sinus thrombosis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/116043" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Paradoxical embolism">Paradoxical embolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/821253" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Postpartum Obstetric Thromboembolism">Postpartum Obstetric Thromboembolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/141829" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Pulmonary thromboembolism">Pulmonary thromboembolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/892537" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Recurrent thromboembolism">Recurrent thromboembolism</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/568957" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Septic embolism">Septic embolism</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/742470" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Septic pulmonary embolism">Septic pulmonary embolism</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/488954" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Thromboembolic stroke">Thromboembolic stroke</a></span></li><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/348285" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Venous thromboembolism">Venous thromboembolism</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_45996"><div><strong>Acquired polycythemia vera</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45996</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0032463</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Polycythemia vera (PV), the most common form of primary polycythemia, is caused by somatic mutation in a single hematopoietic stem cell leading to clonal hematopoiesis. PV is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized predominantly by erythroid hyperplasia, but also by myeloid leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and splenomegaly. Familial cases of PV are very rare and usually manifest in elderly patients (Cario, 2005). PV is distinct from the familial erythrocytoses (see, e.g., ECYT1, 133100), which are caused by inherited mutations resulting in hypersensitivity of erythroid progenitors to hormonal influences or increased levels of circulating hormones, namely erythropoietin (EPO; 133170) (Prchal, 2005).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45996">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_129128"><div><strong>Cronkhite-Canada syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>129128</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0282207</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis, alopecia, onychodystrophy, skin hyperpigmentation, and diarrhea. It is associated with high morbidity (summary by Sweetser et al., 2012).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/129128">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_199606"><div><strong>Classic homocystinuria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>199606</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0751202</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Homocystinuria caused by cystathionine ß-synthase (CBS) deficiency is characterized by involvement of the eye (ectopia lentis and/or severe myopia), skeletal system (excessive height, long limbs, scolioisis, and pectus excavatum), vascular system (thromboembolism), and CNS (developmental delay/intellectual disability). All four ? or only one ? of the systems can be involved; expressivity is variable for all of the clinical signs. It is not unusual for a previously asymptomatic individual to present in adult years with only a thromboembolic event that is often cerebrovascular. Two phenotypic variants are recognized, B6-responsive homocystinuria and B6-non-responsive homocystinuria. B6-responsive homocystinuria is usually milder than the non-responsive variant. Thromboembolism is the major cause of early death and morbidity. IQ in individuals with untreated homocystinuria ranges widely, from 10 to 138. In B6-responsive individuals the mean IQ is 79 versus 57 for those who are B6-non-responsive. Other features that may occur include: seizures, psychiatric problems, extrapyramidal signs (e.g., dystonia), hypopigmentation of the skin and hair, malar flush, livedo reticularis, and pancreatitis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/199606">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_341256"><div><strong>Cobalamin C disease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>341256</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1848561</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Disorders of intracellular cobalamin metabolism have a variable phenotype and age of onset that are influenced by the severity and location within the pathway of the defect. The prototype and best understood phenotype is cblC; it is also the most common of these disorders. The age of initial presentation of cblC spans a wide range: In utero with fetal presentation of nonimmune hydrops, cardiomyopathy, and intrauterine growth restriction. Newborns, who can have microcephaly, poor feeding, and encephalopathy. Infants, who can have poor feeding and slow growth, neurologic abnormality, and, rarely, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Toddlers, who can have poor growth, progressive microcephaly, cytopenias (including megaloblastic anemia), global developmental delay, encephalopathy, and neurologic signs such as hypotonia and seizures. Adolescents and adults, who can have neuropsychiatric symptoms, progressive cognitive decline, thromboembolic complications, and/or subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/341256">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_463623"><div><strong>Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>463623</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3160733</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Prothrombin thrombophilia is characterized by venous thromboembolism (VTE) manifest most commonly in adults as deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in the legs or pulmonary embolism. The clinical expression of prothrombin thrombophilia is variable; many individuals heterozygous or homozygous for the 20210G&gt;A F2 variant never develop thrombosis, and while most heterozygotes who develop thrombotic complications remain asymptomatic until adulthood, some have recurrent thromboembolism before age 30 years. The relative risk for DVT in adults heterozygous for the 20210G&gt;A variant is two- to fivefold increased; in children, the relative risk for thrombosis is three- to fourfold increased. Heterozygosity for 20210G&gt;A has at most a modest effect on recurrence risk after a first episode. Although prothrombin thrombophilia may increase the risk for pregnancy loss, its association with preeclampsia and other complications of pregnancy such as intrauterine growth restriction and placental abruption remains controversial. Factors that predispose to thrombosis in prothrombin thrombophilia include: the number of 20210G&gt;A alleles; presence of coexisting genetic abnormalities including factor V Leiden; and acquired thrombophilic disorders (e.g., antiphospholipid antibodies). Circumstantial risk factors for thrombosis include pregnancy and oral contraceptive use. Some evidence suggests that the risk for VTE in 20210G&gt;A heterozygotes increases after air travel.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/463623">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_815528"><div><strong>Pulmonary hypertension, primary, 4</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>815528</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3809198</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare progressive disease characterized by increased pulmonary artery pressure in the absence of common causes of pulmonary hypertension, such as chronic heart, lung, or thromboembolic disease. There is often vascular remodeling. The clinical presentation can be nonspecific, and patients often receive a diagnosis late in their clinical course (summary by Ma et al., 2013).&#13; For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of primary pulmonary hypertension, see PPH1 (178600).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/815528">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1765785"><div><strong>VEXAS syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1765785</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5435753</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic syndrome) is an adult-onset inflammatory disease that primarily affects males and is caused by somatic, not germline, mutations. The disorder is characterized by adult onset of rheumatologic symptoms at a mean age of 64 years. Features include recurrent fevers, pulmonary and dermatologic inflammatory manifestations, vasculitis, deep vein thrombosis, arthralgias, and ear and nose chondritis. Laboratory studies indicate hematologic abnormalities, including macrocytic anemia, as well as increased levels of acute-phase reactants; about half of patients have positive autoantibodies. Bone marrow biopsy shows degenerative vacuolization restricted to myeloid and erythroid precursor cells, as well as variable hematopoietic dyspoiesis and dysplasias. The condition does not respond to rheumatologic medications and the features may result in premature death (summary by Beck et al., 2020).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1765785">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_45996" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Acquired polycythemia vera</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_199606" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Classic homocystinuria</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_341256" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cobalamin C disease</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_129128" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cronkhite-Canada syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_815528" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pulmonary hypertension, primary, 4</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_463623" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thrombophilia due to thrombin defect</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1765785" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">VEXAS syndrome</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38033089">2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Joglar JA,
Chung MK,
Armbruster AL,
Benjamin EJ,
Chyou JY,
Cronin EM,
Deswal A,
Eckhardt LL,
Goldberger ZD,
Gopinathannair R,
Gorenek B,
Hess PL,
Hlatky M,
Hogan G,
Ibeh C,
Indik JH,
Kido K,
Kusumoto F,
Link MS,
Linta KT,
Marcus GM,
McCarthy PM,
Patel N,
Patton KK,
Perez MV,
Piccini JP,
Russo AM,
Sanders P,
Streur MM,
Thomas KL,
Times S,
Tisdale JE,
Valente AM,
Van Wagoner DR;
Peer Review Committee Members</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Circulation</span>
2024 Jan 2;149(1):e1-e156.
Epub 2023 Nov 30
doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001193.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38033089" target="_blank">38033089</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11095842" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35797481">The 2022 hormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">“The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society” Advisory Panel</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Menopause</span>
2022 Jul 1;29(7):767-794.
doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002028.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35797481" target="_blank">35797481</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29939938">ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 196: Thromboembolism in Pregnancy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Obstet Gynecol</span>
2018 Jul;132(1):e1-e17.
doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002706.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29939938" target="_blank">29939938</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22thromboembolism%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (4101)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37882602">Guidelines in Practice: Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Speth J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">AORN J</span>
2023 Nov;118(5):321-328.
doi: 10.1002/aorn.14019.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37882602" target="_blank">37882602</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37263632">Prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guntupalli SR,
Spinosa D,
Wethington S,
Eskander R,
Khorana AA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
2023 Jun 1;381:e072715.
doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072715.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37263632" target="_blank">37263632</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36258120">Epidemiology and prevention of venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lutsey PL,
Zakai NA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Cardiol</span>
2023 Apr;20(4):248-262.
Epub 2022 Oct 18
doi: 10.1038/s41569-022-00787-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36258120" target="_blank">36258120</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9579604" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30638566">Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis using the Caprini score.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Golemi I,
Salazar Adum JP,
Tafur A,
Caprini J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dis Mon</span>
2019 Aug;65(8):249-298.
Epub 2019 Jan 9
doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2018.12.005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30638566" target="_blank">30638566</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29257737">Update on the management of venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bartholomew JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cleve Clin J Med</span>
2017 Dec;84(12 Suppl 3):39-46.
doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29257737" target="_blank">29257737</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Thromboembolism%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (35548)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37882602">Guidelines in Practice: Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Speth J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">AORN J</span>
2023 Nov;118(5):321-328.
doi: 10.1002/aorn.14019.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37882602" target="_blank">37882602</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37263632">Prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guntupalli SR,
Spinosa D,
Wethington S,
Eskander R,
Khorana AA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">BMJ</span>
2023 Jun 1;381:e072715.
doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072715.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37263632" target="_blank">37263632</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36258120">Epidemiology and prevention of venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lutsey PL,
Zakai NA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Nat Rev Cardiol</span>
2023 Apr;20(4):248-262.
Epub 2022 Oct 18
doi: 10.1038/s41569-022-00787-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36258120" target="_blank">36258120</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9579604" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29257737">Update on the management of venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bartholomew JR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cleve Clin J Med</span>
2017 Dec;84(12 Suppl 3):39-46.
doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84.s3.04.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29257737" target="_blank">29257737</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25832606">Thrombophilia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lim MY,
Moll S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasc Med</span>
2015 Apr;20(2):193-6.
doi: 10.1177/1358863X15575769.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25832606" target="_blank">25832606</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Thromboembolism%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (16515)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34419428">VTE Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Fernando SM,
Tran A,
Cheng W,
Sadeghirad B,
Arabi YM,
Cook DJ,
Møller MH,
Mehta S,
Fowler RA,
Burns KEA,
Wells PS,
Carrier M,
Crowther MA,
Scales DC,
English SW,
Kyeremanteng K,
Kanji S,
Kho ME,
Rochwerg B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2022 Feb;161(2):418-428.
Epub 2021 Aug 19
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.050.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34419428" target="_blank">34419428</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34932836">Transfusion thresholds for guiding red blood cell transfusion.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carson JL,
Stanworth SJ,
Dennis JA,
Trivella M,
Roubinian N,
Fergusson DA,
Triulzi D,
Dorée C,
Hébert PC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cochrane Database Syst Rev</span>
2021 Dec 21;12(12):CD002042.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002042.pub5.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34932836" target="_blank">34932836</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8691808" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27637307">Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Special Populations.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Li A,
Lopes RD,
Garcia DA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Hematol Oncol Clin North Am</span>
2016 Oct;30(5):1053-71.
Epub 2016 Aug 9
doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2016.05.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27637307" target="_blank">27637307</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27098835">The BRIDGE trial: What the hospitalist should know.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nazha B,
Spyropoulos AC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Hosp Med</span>
2016 Sep;11(9):652-7.
Epub 2016 Apr 21
doi: 10.1002/jhm.2594.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27098835" target="_blank">27098835</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23529484">Neurosurgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Nicolaides A,
Hull RD,
Fareed J;
Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust;
European Venous Forum;
North American Thrombosis Forum;
International Union of Angiology and Union Internationale du Phlebologie</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Appl Thromb Hemost</span>
2013 Mar-Apr;19(2):161-3.
doi: 10.1177/1076029612474840h.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23529484" target="_blank">23529484</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Thromboembolism%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (30704)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34153340">Pulmonary Thrombosis and Thromboembolism in COVID-19.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Poor HD</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2021 Oct;160(4):1471-1480.
Epub 2021 Jun 19
doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34153340" target="_blank">34153340</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8213519" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33748963">Glucocorticoid use and risk of first and recurrent venous thromboembolism: self-controlled case-series and cohort study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Orsi FA,
Lijfering WM,
Geersing GJ,
Rosendaal FR,
Dekkers OM,
le Cessie S,
Cannegieter SC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Br J Haematol</span>
2021 Jun;193(6):1194-1202.
Epub 2021 Mar 21
doi: 10.1111/bjh.17388.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33748963" target="_blank">33748963</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8251551" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29297661">The role of direct oral anticoagulants in the management of venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Steuber T</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Manag Care</span>
2017 Dec;23(20 Suppl):S383-S390.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29297661" target="_blank">29297661</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23579505">Incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism after laparoscopic versus open colorectal cancer surgery: a meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cui G,
Wang X,
Yao W,
Li H</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech</span>
2013 Apr;23(2):128-34.
doi: 10.1097/SLE.0b013e3182827cef.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23579505" target="_blank">23579505</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/19762550">Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lip GY,
Nieuwlaat R,
Pisters R,
Lane DA,
Crijns HJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chest</span>
2010 Feb;137(2):263-72.
Epub 2009 Sep 17
doi: 10.1378/chest.09-1584.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/19762550" target="_blank">19762550</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Manning JE,
Arachchillage DJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Thromb Haemost</span>
2024 Aug;22(8):2156-2170.
Epub 2024 May 3
doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.03.027.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38705387" target="_blank">38705387</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33141212">Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chopard R,
Albertsen IE,
Piazza G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA</span>
2020 Nov 3;324(17):1765-1776.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17272.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33141212" target="_blank">33141212</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30747601">Travel-related venous thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bartholomew JR,
Evans NS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Vasc Med</span>
2019 Feb;24(1):93-95.
doi: 10.1177/1358863X18818323.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30747601" target="_blank">30747601</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26213273">Renal artery aneurysms.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Coleman DM,
Stanley JC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Vasc Surg</span>
2015 Sep;62(3):779-85.
Epub 2015 Jul 26
doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2015.05.034.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26213273" target="_blank">26213273</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/18216292">Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis.</a></div>
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Kuderer NM,
Culakova E,
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Blood</span>
2008 May 15;111(10):4902-7.
Epub 2008 Jan 23
doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-10-116327.
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Med Res Opin</span>
2023 Jun;39(6):901-910.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35926802">Systematic review of venous thromboembolism risk categories derived from Caprini score.</a></div>
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord</span>
2022 Nov;10(6):1401-1409.e7.
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35815351">Risk factors and predictors for venous thromboembolism in people with ischemic stroke: A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tøndel BG,
Morelli VM,
Hansen JB,
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2022 Oct;20(10):2173-2186.
Epub 2022 Jul 28
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35370084">Travel-Associated Venous Thromboembolism.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McKerrow Johnson I,
Shatzel J,
Olson S,
Kohl T,
Hamilton A,
DeLoughery TG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Wilderness Environ Med</span>
2022 Jun;33(2):169-178.
Epub 2022 Mar 31
doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2022.02.004.
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Arcelus JI,
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Francis CW,
Gates LE,
Kakkar AK,
Levine MN,
Liebman HA,
Tempero MA,
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2020 Feb 10;38(5):496-520.
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Thromboembolism%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2124)</a></div></div>
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