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<!--
UID=8099
ConceptID=C0003081
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 0--><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Anisometropia</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8099</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0003081</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>anisometropia; anisometropia (disease)</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Anisometropia (3289004)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>HPO:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="https://hpo.jax.org/app/browse/term/HP:0012803">HP:0012803</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0001478" target="_blank">MONDO:0001478</a></td></tr>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Definition">Definition</h1><a sid="100" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">Inequality of refractive power of the two eyes. [from <a title="Human Phenotype Ontology" href="http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org" class="defSource" target="_blank">HPO</a>]</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="TLline">Anisometropia</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/867443" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Phenotypic abnormality">Phenotypic abnormality</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1370071" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of the eye">Abnormality of the eye</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/868525" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormal eye physiology">Abnormal eye physiology</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/871349" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Abnormality of refraction">Abnormality of refraction</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Anisometropia</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_112">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Conditions_with_this_feature">Conditions with this feature</h1><a sid="112" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat">
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_333068"><div><strong>Toriello-Lacassie-Droste syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>333068</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1838329</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Oculoectodermal syndrome (OES) is characterized by the association of epibulbar dermoids and aplasia cutis congenita. Affected individuals exhibit congenital scalp lesions which are atrophic, nonscarring, hairless regions that are often multiple and asymmetric in distribution, and may have associated hamartomas. Ectodermal changes include linear hyperpigmentation that may follow the lines of Blaschko and, rarely, epidermal nevus-like lesions. Epibulbar dermoids may be uni- or bilateral. Additional ocular anomalies such as skin tags of the upper eyelid and rarely optic nerve or retinal changes or microphthalmia can be present. Phenotypic expression is highly variable, and various other abnormalities have occasionally been reported, including growth failure, lymphedema, and cardiovascular defects, as well as neurodevelopmental symptoms such as developmental delay, epilepsy, learning difficulties, and behavioral abnormalities. Benign tumor-like lesions such as nonossifying fibromas of the long bones and giant cell granulomas of the jaws have repeatedly been observed and appear to be age-dependent, becoming a common manifestation in individuals aged 5 years or older (summary by Boppudi et al., 2016).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/333068">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_337424"><div><strong>Alport syndrome-intellectual disability-midface hypoplasia-elliptocytosis syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337424</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1846242</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The AMME complex is an X-linked contiguous gene deletion syndrome with features of Alport syndrome (see 301050), impaired intellectual development, midface hypoplasia, and elliptocytosis in affected males (summary by Meloni et al., 2002).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337424">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_897984"><div><strong>Intellectual disability-microcephaly-strabismus-behavioral abnormalities syndrome</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>897984</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4225351</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">White-Sutton syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of cognitive dysfunction, developmental delays (particularly in speech and language acquisition), hypotonia, autism spectrum disorder, and other behavioral problems. Additional features commonly reported include seizures, refractive errors and strabismus, hearing loss, sleep disturbance (particularly sleep apnea), feeding and gastrointestinal problems, mild genital abnormalities in males, and urinary tract involvement in both males and females.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/897984">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_934739"><div><strong>Neurodevelopmental disorder with or without anomalies of the brain, eye, or heart</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>934739</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4310772</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">RERE-related disorders are characterized by neurodevelopmental problems with or without structural anomalies of the eyes, heart, kidneys, and genitourinary tract and mild sensorineural hearing loss. Hypotonia and feeding problems are common among affected individuals. Developmental delay and intellectual disability range from mild to profound. Behavior problems may include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, self-injurious behavior, and autism spectrum disorder. A variety of eye anomalies (coloboma, optic nerve anomalies, microphthalmia, and/or Peter's anomaly) and vision issues (myopia, anisometropia, astigmatism, exotropia, esotropia) have been reported. Congenital heart defects, most commonly septal defects, have also been described. Genitourinary abnormalities include vesicoureteral reflux, and cryptorchidism and hypospadias in males. Sensorineural hearing loss can be unilateral or bilateral.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/934739">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794162"><div><strong>Usmani-Riazuddin syndrome, autosomal dominant</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794162</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5561952</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Autosomal dominant Usmani-Riazzudin syndrome (USRISD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay with impaired intellectual development and speech delay, hypotonia, and behavioral abnormalities, most commonly aggressive behavior. More variable additional features may include seizures and distal limb anomalies (summary by Usmani et al., 2021).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794162">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="rdis_1794187"><div><strong>Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and brain abnormalities</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1794187</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5561977</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and brain abnormalities (NEDHYBA) is characterized by impaired development of motor skills, cognitive function, and speech acquisition beginning in infancy or early childhood. Some affected individuals may have feeding difficulties, seizures, behavioral abnormalities, and nonspecific dysmorphic facial features. Brain imaging shows variable abnormalities, including corpus callosum defects, cerebellar defects, and decreased white matter volume. There is significant phenotypic variability (summary by Duncan et al., 2021).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1794187">Condition Record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_337424" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alport syndrome-intellectual disability-midface hypoplasia-elliptocytosis syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_897984" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability-microcephaly-strabismus-behavioral abnormalities syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794187" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and brain abnormalities</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_934739" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Neurodevelopmental disorder with or without anomalies of the brain, eye, or heart</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_333068" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Toriello-Lacassie-Droste syndrome</a></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#rdis_1794162" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Usmani-Riazuddin syndrome, autosomal dominant</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35398306">Myopic Shift at 10-Year Follow-up in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weakley DR Jr,
Nizam A,
VanderVeen DK,
Wilson ME,
Kruger S,
Lambert SR;
Infant Aphakia Treatment Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2022 Sep;129(9):1064-1065.
Epub 2022 Apr 8
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.04.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35398306" target="_blank">35398306</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9398930" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26180467">Management of Strabismus in Myopes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kekunnaya R,
Chandrasekharan A,
Sachdeva V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol</span>
2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):298-306.
doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159728.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26180467" target="_blank">26180467</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4502172" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24410693">Amblyopia treatment strategies and new drug therapies.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Pescosolido N,
Stefanucci A,
Buomprisco G,
Fazio S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</span>
2014 Mar-Apr;51(2):78-86.
Epub 2014 Jan 14
doi: 10.3928/01913913-20130107-01.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24410693" target="_blank">24410693</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22anisometropia%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (81)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31773911">The tolerance of anisometropia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Krarup TG,
Nisted I,
Christensen U,
Kiilgaard JF,
la Cour M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Ophthalmol</span>
2020 Jun;98(4):418-426.
Epub 2019 Nov 26
doi: 10.1111/aos.14310.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31773911" target="_blank">31773911</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28426269">2016 International Orthoptic Congress Burian Lecture: Folklore or Evidence?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Horwood AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Strabismus</span>
2017 Sep;25(3):120-127.
Epub 2017 Apr 20
doi: 10.1080/09273972.2017.1305425.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28426269" target="_blank">28426269</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5571894" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27731389">Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tang SM,
Chan RY,
Bin Lin S,
Rong SS,
Lau HH,
Lau WW,
Yip WW,
Chen LJ,
Ko ST,
Yam JC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
2016 Oct 12;6:35177.
doi: 10.1038/srep35177.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27731389" target="_blank">27731389</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5059633" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26978869">REFRACTIVE SURGERY FOR HIGH AMETROPIES, A FEW CONCLUSIONS.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Filip M,
Nicolae M,
Filip A,
Dragne C,
Triantafillydis G,
Antonescu C</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Rom J Ophthalmol</span>
2015 Apr-Jun;59(2):97-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26978869" target="_blank">26978869</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5712937" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12483028">On the age-related prevalence of anisometropia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weale RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmic Res</span>
2002 Nov-Dec;34(6):389-92.
doi: 10.1159/000067040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12483028" target="_blank">12483028</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1052)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27839543">Refractive errors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schiefer U,
Kraus C,
Baumbach P,
Ungewiß J,
Michels R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Dtsch Arztebl Int</span>
2016 Oct 14;113(41):693-702.
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0693.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27839543" target="_blank">27839543</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5143802" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24438511">Progressive adult antimetropia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Vincent SJ,
Read SA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Exp Optom</span>
2014 Jul;97(4):375-8.
Epub 2014 Jan 20
doi: 10.1111/cxo.12129.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24438511" target="_blank">24438511</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12713112">Amblyopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mittelman D</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Clin North Am</span>
2003 Feb;50(1):189-96.
doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(02)00107-4.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12713112" target="_blank">12713112</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10149292">Dynamic retinoscopy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Guyton DL,
O'Connor GM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Opin Ophthalmol</span>
1991 Feb;2(1):78-80.
doi: 10.1097/00055735-199102000-00012.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10149292" target="_blank">10149292</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6826290">Microtropia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lang J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int Ophthalmol</span>
1983 Jan;6(1):33-6.
doi: 10.1007/BF00137371.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6826290" target="_blank">6826290</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (628)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34863776">Effect of Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Myopia Control in Children: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jiang Y,
Zhu Z,
Tan X,
Kong X,
Zhong H,
Zhang J,
Xiong R,
Yuan Y,
Zeng J,
Morgan IG,
He M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2022 May;129(5):509-519.
Epub 2021 Dec 1
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.11.023.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34863776" target="_blank">34863776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31486743">The Role of Binocularity in Anisometropic Amblyopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Murray SJ,
Codina CJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil</span>
2019 Oct-Dec;69(4):141-152.
Epub 2019 Sep 5
doi: 10.1080/2576117X.2019.1656034.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31486743" target="_blank">31486743</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20451898">Laterality of amblyopia.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Repka M,
Simons K,
Kraker R;
Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Ophthalmol</span>
2010 Aug;150(2):270-4.
Epub 2010 May 8
doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2010.01.040.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20451898" target="_blank">20451898</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2912965" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17448926">Binocular vision and refractive surgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Finlay AL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cont Lens Anterior Eye</span>
2007 May;30(2):76-83.
doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2007.02.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17448926" target="_blank">17448926</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/739353">Antipodean squint.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Shippman S,
Hermann JS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</span>
1978 Jul-Aug;15(4):210-2.
doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19780701-05.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/739353" target="_blank">739353</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (399)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35398306">Myopic Shift at 10-Year Follow-up in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Weakley DR Jr,
Nizam A,
VanderVeen DK,
Wilson ME,
Kruger S,
Lambert SR;
Infant Aphakia Treatment Study Group</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2022 Sep;129(9):1064-1065.
Epub 2022 Apr 8
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.04.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35398306" target="_blank">35398306</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9398930" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28426269">2016 International Orthoptic Congress Burian Lecture: Folklore or Evidence?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Horwood AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Strabismus</span>
2017 Sep;25(3):120-127.
Epub 2017 Apr 20
doi: 10.1080/09273972.2017.1305425.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28426269" target="_blank">28426269</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5571894" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17448926">Binocular vision and refractive surgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Finlay AL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cont Lens Anterior Eye</span>
2007 May;30(2):76-83.
doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2007.02.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17448926" target="_blank">17448926</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15838435">Amblyopia treatment outcomes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scott WE,
Kutschke PJ,
Keech RV,
Pfeifer WL,
Nichols B,
Zhang L</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J AAPOS</span>
2005 Apr;9(2):107-11.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.12.003.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15838435" target="_blank">15838435</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/1634742">Duane's retraction syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rutstein RP</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Am Optom Assoc</span>
1992 Jun;63(6):419-29.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/1634742" target="_blank">1634742</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (464)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34863776">Effect of Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Myopia Control in Children: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Jiang Y,
Zhu Z,
Tan X,
Kong X,
Zhong H,
Zhang J,
Xiong R,
Yuan Y,
Zeng J,
Morgan IG,
He M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ophthalmology</span>
2022 May;129(5):509-519.
Epub 2021 Dec 1
doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.11.023.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34863776" target="_blank">34863776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34708738">Asymmetric diabetic retinopathy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Azad R,
Sinha S,
Nishant P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Ophthalmol</span>
2021 Nov;69(11):3026-3034.
doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1525_21.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34708738" target="_blank">34708738</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8725155" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28426269">2016 International Orthoptic Congress Burian Lecture: Folklore or Evidence?</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Horwood AM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Strabismus</span>
2017 Sep;25(3):120-127.
Epub 2017 Apr 20
doi: 10.1080/09273972.2017.1305425.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28426269" target="_blank">28426269</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5571894" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17448926">Binocular vision and refractive surgery.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Finlay AL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Cont Lens Anterior Eye</span>
2007 May;30(2):76-83.
doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2007.02.009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17448926" target="_blank">17448926</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/7387510">Amblyopia in ptosis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Anderson RL,
Baumgartner SA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Ophthalmol</span>
1980 Jun;98(6):1068-9.
doi: 10.1001/archopht.1980.01020031058009.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/7387510" target="_blank">7387510</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (424)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37814332">The efficacy and ocular safety following aflibercept, conbercept, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and laser for retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Chen J,
Hao Q,
Zhang J,
Du Y,
Chen H,
Cheng X</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ital J Pediatr</span>
2023 Oct 9;49(1):136.
doi: 10.1186/s13052-023-01543-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37814332" target="_blank">37814332</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10561404" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30059649">Global and regional estimates of prevalence of amblyopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hashemi H,
Pakzad R MSc,
Yekta A,
Bostamzad P,
Aghamirsalim M,
Sardari S MSc,
Valadkhan M MSc,
Pakbin M MSc,
Heydarian S,
Khabazkhoob M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Strabismus</span>
2018 Dec;26(4):168-183.
Epub 2018 Jul 30
doi: 10.1080/09273972.2018.1500618.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30059649" target="_blank">30059649</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29844360">Amblyopia, Strabismus and Refractive Errors in Congenital Ptosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wang Y,
Xu Y,
Liu X,
Lou L,
Ye J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
2018 May 29;8(1):8320.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26671-3.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29844360" target="_blank">29844360</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5974416" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/27731389">Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tang SM,
Chan RY,
Bin Lin S,
Rong SS,
Lau HH,
Lau WW,
Yip WW,
Chen LJ,
Ko ST,
Yam JC</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sci Rep</span>
2016 Oct 12;6:35177.
doi: 10.1038/srep35177.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/27731389" target="_blank">27731389</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5059633" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24890172">Corneal refractive surgery and phakic intraocular lens for treatment of amblyopia caused by high myopia or anisometropia in children.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tian C,
Peng X,
Fan Z,
Yin Z</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Chin Med J (Engl)</span>
2014;127(11):2167-72.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24890172" target="_blank">24890172</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Anisometropia%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (15)</a></div></div>
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